In the sample prep stage of the experiment, you centrifuged your cellular content into two layers. Which layer contains the DNA
Answers
The layer that contains the DNA is the bottom layer, also known as the pellet, after centrifuging the cellular content.
In the sample prep stage of the experiment, when centrifuging the cellular content, the layer that contains the DNA is the pellet, which is formed at the bottom of the centrifuge tube. Centrifugation is a technique that uses high-speed rotation to separate components of a mixture based on their density. In the case of cellular content, the centrifugation forces the denser components, such as cellular debris, proteins, and DNA, to sediment and collect at the bottom. This forms a visible pellet. The supernatant, which is the liquid layer above the pellet, typically contains lighter components such as solvents, salts, and other molecules. By carefully removing the supernatant, the DNA pellet can be isolated for further analysis, purification, or experimental procedures.For more such questions on Pellet:
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Related Questions
heat is to summer as cold is to?_____
Answers
the answer is cold is to winter
Answer:
winter
Explanation:
no idea if this helps but have a good rest of your day/night <3 <3 <3
Which would you expect to migrate faster in a gel - a fragment that is 150 base pairs (bp) or 1500? Why?
Answers
In Gel electrophoresis molecules with smaller sizes will migrate faster than that with larger molecules ,hence 150 base will migrate faster.
What is Gel Electrophoresis?Gel electrophoresis is basically a method or a separation techniques applied in the separation of RNA and proteins.
An instrument used in monitoring the process is DNA ladder.
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Adaptations that result from natural selection are expected to increase
the fitness of an organism. In terms of natural selection, which of the
following best describes fitness?
A Being able to escape from predators
B Being among the strongest organisms in a population
C Being able to survive, find a mate, and produce offspring
D Being able to survive long enough to reach the adult stage
Answers
Answer:C Being able to survive, find a mate, and produce offspring
The fitness that should be explained when being able to survive, also find the mate and it generated the offspring. Hence. option c is correct.
What is fitness?It is considered as the health and its well-being. It is the capability for performing that should be based on sports, occupations, and day to day activities.
It is generally accomplished via proper nutrition, physical exercise, proper sleep.
Therefore we can conclude that the option c is correct.
And, the rest of the options are considered to be wrong.
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PLS HELP
According to the model represented in the diagram, which of the following would cause the cell to not express the lacZ, lacY, and lacA sequences?
A. Binding the RNA polymerase to the gene
B. Removing the Inducer
C. Preventing the repressor from binding to the lac operon
Answers
Answer:
the answer would be a
Explanation:
When the inducer is removed from the lac operon model, then this will result in hindering the expression of lacZ, lacY, and lacA sequence in the cell. Thus, the correct option is B.
What is lac operon?Lac operon is a model which contains genes that are involved in metabolism of the cell. The genes are expressed only when the lactose is present in the medium and glucose is absent. The lac operon is turned on and off in response to the glucose and lactose levels in the medium: catabolite activator protein (CAP) and lac repressor. The lac repressor is responsible for blocking the transcription of the operon.
The lac operon can be switched off i.e., the expression of genes can be stopped by removing the inducer molecule from the medium.
Therefore, the correct option is B.
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read the descriptions ..
Answers
Answer:
I would recommend reading the descriptions and then reading the passage/story if you have not done that yet.
What is the Defenition of Metabolism?
a
When offspring change and develop over millions of years
b
When living things change over time.
c
The flow of chemical energy in an organism.
d
When an organism produces an offspring
Answers
Answer:
c.
Explanation:
metabolism is defined as the flow of chemical energy in an organism.
describe how hormones work and explain why they are important?.
Give at least one example in your answer
6 marks
Answers
Answer:
Hormones are molecules produced by the endocrine system that send messages to various parts of the body. They help regulate your body's processes, like hunger, blood pressure, and sexual desire. While hormones are essential to reproduction, they are fundamental to all the systems of your body.
Why is genetic variation important? Select all that apply:
Answers
Answer:
Genetic variation in a group of organisms enables some organisms to survive better than others in the environment in which they live. Organisms of even a small population can differ strikingly in terms of how well suited they are for life in a certain environment.
Explanation:
Genetic variations are important because a diverse gene pool is good for long-term survival of a species since the environment is always changing, so the diversity of DNA offers the most fit of the species a better chance of surviving because they are most adapted to the constantly changing environment.
please help me .Is platypus a mammal or a bird
Answers
Answer:
Platypus is an mammal.
Explanation:
Because platypus cannot fly, and lays eggs. It does not live in nests, but in holes on the ground. The parents platypuses can have venom but the smaller ones do not have venom. This is why they are threatened by other animals.
Hope this helps....
Have a nice day!!!!
where did the sergent major morris get the monkeys pawl
Answers
Answer:
in a sewer
gate ♤ hope this is it
Is zinc a metal, non metal or metalloid
Answers
Answer:
ZINC IS A METAL!!!!!!
Explanation:
families 2- 12 are ALL metals and zinc is part of family 12 therefore zinc IS ACTUALLY A METAL
what are ways we affect the environment positively
Answers
Answer:
Cutting down trees and littering have a negative effect on animals and plants. Protecting endangered species and cleaning lakes and seas has a positive effect on the environment. At home you can help the planet by recycling waste and growing plants or vegetables
Absolute refractory period B. Repolarization C. Action potential D. Depolarization E. Relative refractory period _____ 18. The neuron cannot respond to a second stimulus, no matter how strong. _____ 19. The interior of the cell becomes less negative due to an influx of sodium ions. _____ 20. The specific period during which potassium ions diffuse out of the neuron due to a change in membrane permeability. _____ 21. Also called a nerve impulse transmitted by axons. _____ 22. An exceptionally strong stimulus can trigger a response.
Answers
Relative refractory period Absolute refractory period. The neuron cannot respond to a second stimulus, no matter how strong.
Depolarization The interior of the cell becomes less negative due to an influx of sodium ions.
Repolarization The specific period during which potassium ions diffuse out of the neuron due to a change in membrane permeability.
The action potential is Also called a nerve impulse transmitted by axons. Relative refractory periodAn exceptionally strong stimulus can trigger a response.
The correct order is 18) A, 19) D, 20) B, 21) C, 22) E.
Absolute refractory period: The absolute refractory period is the time interval during which the neuron is completely unresponsive to a second stimulus, no matter how strong it is.
This period is caused by the inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels and the resetting of the membrane potential.
Depolarization: Depolarization is the process in which the interior of the neuron becomes less negative due to the influx of positively charged sodium ions.
This occurs when a stimulus reaches the threshold level, causing voltage-gated sodium channels to open and allowing sodium ions to rush into the neuron.
Repolarization: Repolarization is the specific period during which potassium ions diffuse out of the neuron, and the membrane potential returns to its resting state.
This occurs after depolarization, when voltage-gated potassium channels open, and potassium ions flow out of the neuron.
Action potential: The action potential is a nerve impulse transmitted by axons. It is an all-or-nothing event that occurs when a stimulus reaches the threshold level, causing depolarization and the opening of voltage-gated ion channels.
This triggers a rapid influx of positively charged ions, resulting in the propagation of the nerve impulse along the axon.
Relative refractory period: The relative refractory period is a period during which the neuron can respond to a second stimulus, but only if it is stronger than the initial stimulus.
This occurs during repolarization when the membrane potential is more negative than the resting state, making it more difficult to reach the threshold level.
However, an exceptionally strong stimulus can still trigger a response. Hence, the correct order is The correct order is 18) A, 19) D, 20) B, 21) C, 22) E.
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What causes hydrogen bonding between water molecules?
Answers
Answer:
I believe it's the valence electrons.
Explanation:
Hope this helps!
Hydrogen peroxide is a substance that is produced as a byproduct of many cell processes. However, hydrogen peroxide is toxic to cells. In fact, if cells are unable to break down hydrogen peroxide, they become poisoned and die.
The chemical reaction for the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide is shown below.
What role does catalase play in this reaction?
A.
Catalase is a reactant that gets used up in the reaction.
B.
Catalase in an enzyme that slows down the reaction.
C.
Catalase is an enzyme that speeds up the reaction.
D.
Catalase is a product that is created during the reaction.
Answers
Catalase is an enzyme that speeds up the reaction of hydrogen peroxide.
What is the role of catalase enzyme?Catalase is an important enzyme which is responsible for neutralization by decomposing hydrogen peroxide which leads to maintaining an optimum level of molecule in the cell. It is also essential for signaling processes in the cell. Catalase is an enzyme that is present in all organisms that use oxygen for the process of respiration. The purpose of catalase in living cells is to provide protection from oxidative damage, that can occur when cells or some molecules in the body exposed to oxidative compounds. A lack or absence of this enzyme can leads to increase hydrogen peroxide to toxic levels in cells which cause serious damage.
So we can conclude that catalase play a key role in the reaction because Catalase is an enzyme that increase the speed of the reaction.
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The diagram below shows the movement of energy in the water cycle. Diagram showing the movement of energy in the water cycle. There are three boxes and six arrows that appear in the following order: box labeled '?,' one arrow pointing to a box labeled 'Land,' arrow pointing to a box labeled 'Ocean,' and arrow leading back to the box labeled '?.' As well, there are two arrows pointing from the 'Land' box back to the '?' box, and one arrow pointing from the '?' box back to the 'Ocean' box.
Which term best fits in the empty cell of the diagram?
water
vapor
evaporation
transpiration
atmosphere
Answers
Answer:
Atmosphere
Explanation:
The term that fits in the empty cell of the diagram is atmosphere. The atmosphere is the layer of gases that surrounds the Earth. It is the medium through which water vapor moves from the cloud to the land, to the ocean, and back to the cloud.
The other terms in the answer choices are not as accurate.
Water vapor is the gaseous form of water, but it is not a specific stage in the water cycle. Evaporation is the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas, but it does not explain the movement of water vapor from the cloud to the atmosphere. Transpiration is the process by which plants release water vapor into the atmosphere, but it is a much smaller contributor to the water cycle than evaporation.Therefore, the term that best fits in the empty cell of the diagram is atmosphere.
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55 points !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! PLS HELP !!!!!!
Which of the following statements best describes the role of glucose during photosynthesis?
It reacts with water.
It is a product formed.
It reacts with carbon dioxide.
It is converted into light energy.
Answers
it is a product formed by carbon dioxide and water to create glucose. It is a product of photosynthesis.
which of the following converts nitrogen from the atmosphere into reactive nitrogen. (select the three correct answers.) a. bacteria in root nodules of some types of plants b. plants without root nodules c. lighting d. animals e. bacteria in water or soil
Answers
The options that convert nitrogen from the atmosphere into reactive nitrogen are c. lighting e. bacteria in water or soil a. bacteria in root nodules of some types of plants
The nitrogen that is present inside the atmosphere is in a form that cannot be used by plants. In order for this atmospheric nitrogen to be used by plants, it needs to be converted into nitrates and nitrites.
The atmospheric nitrogen can be converted into nitrates and nitrites either by lightning. Also, bacteria that are present inside the soil and water change the atmospheric nitrogen into a form that can be used by plants. Bacteria that are present in the root nodules can also exhibit this function.
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Explain the Frank-Starling law of the heart.
Make sure to give a short, explanation of the Frank-Starling law and the role of stretch on
the cardiac contractile tissue has on the force of contraction. You should then explain
how this property allows for the matching of venous return and stroke volume. Some
important topics to consider as you answer this question are end-diastolic-volume (EDV),
end-systolic-volume (ESV), venous return, preload, afterload, and Starling curves.
Answers
The Frank-Starling law of the heart states that the force of contraction of the cardiac muscle is directly related to the initial length or stretch of the muscle fibers. In simpler terms, when the cardiac muscle is stretched, it contracts more forcefully.
The cardiac muscle fibers have an inherent property that enables them to generate greater force when they are stretched. This property is due to the increased overlap of actin and myosin filaments within the muscle fibers when they are elongated. When the muscle fibers are stretched, the actin and myosin filaments have a more optimal arrangement, allowing for stronger and more efficient muscle contractions.
Now, let's discuss how the Frank-Starling law allows for the matching of venous return and stroke volume. The stroke volume refers to the amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each heartbeat, while venous return refers to the amount of blood flowing back to the heart from the veins.
According to the Frank-Starling law, the initial length or stretch of the cardiac muscle fibers, known as the end-diastolic volume (EDV), determines the force of contraction. When there is an increase in venous return, more blood fills the heart during diastole, leading to an increase in the EDV. This increased volume stretches the muscle fibers of the heart.
The stretched muscle fibers, in turn, generate a more forceful contraction during systole, leading to a larger stroke volume. This increased stroke volume effectively matches the increased venous return, maintaining the balance between the amount of blood entering the heart and the amount of blood pumped out.
It's important to note that the Frank-Starling law is influenced by two other factors: preload and afterload. Preload refers to the degree of stretch of the cardiac muscle fibers before contraction, primarily determined by the volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of diastole. Afterload, on the other hand, refers to the resistance the heart must overcome to eject blood during systole, usually represented by the pressure in the aorta.
The relationship between preload, afterload, and stroke volume is depicted by the Starling curves. These curves illustrate how changes in preload (EDV) can affect stroke volume. When preload increases, the Starling curve shifts upward, indicating an increase in stroke volume. However, if afterload increases (such as in conditions like hypertension), the curve shifts downward, reducing the stroke volume.
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what would happen if an organism lost its ability to perform cell division?
Answers
Answer:
Most probably it would die. Or would be harder for it to live.
Explanation:
On daily basis, as most of the cells die and new cells are formed by cell division. If an organism lost the ability to perform cell division it would die.
If an organism lost its ability to perform cell division, it accumulates several types of genetic disorders which can ultimately lead to a cancerous tumor.
What is Cell division?Cell division may be defined as a type of process through which a parent cell divides into two daughter cells. These daughter cells are either genetically identical or non-identical to parental cells. There are two types of cell division that occur in living organisms.
Mitosis.Meiosis.If an organism completely lost its ability to perform cell division, it means that there is a disruption in the normal cell cycle has bee occurred. It can ultimately lead to numerous diseases like cancer.
If cell division restricts, no new cells were formed, and no genetic transfer has occurred in organisms. This will ultimately lead to the extinction of organisms on a large scale.
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how do micro organisms contribute to carbon dioxide ratio to oxygen in the soil
Answers
Explanation
The terrestrial carbon cycle with the major processes mediated by soil microorganisms adapted from Prosser125. Microbial necromass and metabolites are the precursors for stable soil organic matter while extracellular microbial carbon may also influence the stability of soil organic carbon SOC.
Which diagram below shows DNA from a haploid nucleus
PLEASE HELP
A
B
Nethier shows a haploid nucleus
Answers
The answer is B
Water constitutes about 75 percent of an adult's body weight. T/F
Answers
False. Water does not constitute about 75 percent of an adult's body weight.
While water is a vital component of the human body, the percentage of water in the body varies depending on several factors such as age, sex, body composition, and overall health. On average, water makes up approximately 60 percent of an adult's body weight. However, this value can range from about 45 to 75 percent, with individual variations.
The percentage of water in the body tends to be higher in lean individuals and lower in individuals with higher body fat percentages. Additionally, infants and children have higher water percentages due to their higher body water content compared to adults.
Water plays a crucial role in various bodily functions, including temperature regulation, nutrient absorption, waste removal, and maintenance of overall health. It is essential to maintain proper hydration by consuming an adequate amount of water and other fluids throughout the day to support these physiological functions.
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Five ways humans impact the environment are deforestation, desertification, Non-native species, and overharvesting.
Now pick 3 of them and discuss the causes and consequences of them!
ill be marking brainliest
Answers
Answer:
hope you help
Explanation:
The loss of trees and other vegetation can cause climate change, desertification, soil erosion, fewer crops, flooding, increased greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, and a host of problems for indigenous people.
Answer: deforestation
Explanation: cutting down of trees without replacement leads to desertification
Identify the types of biodiversity AND explain why biodiversity is important.
Pls no links
Answers
Answer:
Here to help!
Explanation:
Species diversity, genetic diversity, ecosystem diversity, functional diversity. biodiversity. the variety of the earth's species, the genes they contain, the ecosystems in which they live, and the ecosystem processes of energy flow and nutrient cycling that sustain all life! Biodiversity boosts ecosystem productivity where each species, no matter how small, all have an important role to play. For example, a larger number of plant species means a greater variety of crops; greater species diversity ensures natural sustainability for all life forms; and healthy ecosystems can better withstand and recover from a variety of disasters.
select all that apply select all goals of functional genomics. multiple select question. understand how genes function to form a human understand the function of each gene study the structure and interaction of cellular proteins design new genes for the human genome discover the role of noncoding regions of the genome
Answers
Functional genomics is a field that explores how genes function and interact to contribute to the development and progression of various diseases and conditions.
It involves the analysis of DNA, RNA, and protein expression patterns in different biological samples to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms that drive disease processes and other physiological responses. The primary goals of functional genomics are to: Understand how genes function to form a human Understand the function of each gene Study the structure and interaction of cellular proteins Discover the role of noncoding regions of the genome1.
Design new genes for the human genome: Functional genomics is not intended to design new genes for the human genome. It aims to explore how genes function and interact to contribute to the development and progression of various diseases and conditions. However, research in this field may lead to the discovery of new genes that could be targeted for therapeutic purposes.
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the enzyme(s) called __________ break(s) down the substrate called __________.
Answers
The enzyme(s) called peptidases break(s) down the substrate called proteins.
Peptidases are the digestive enzymes that can break down the large proteins into smaller peptides or even single amino acids. This process is known as proteolysis. The enzyme is produced in the small intestine of the digestive system.
Proteins are the biomolecules made up of amino acid as the monomers. These are the functional forms of genes that are involved in every function of the body. The proteins are synthesized in the cytoplasm of the cell where ribosomes are present. Proteins are involved in functions like signaling, enzymatic, transport, etc.
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asparagine biosynthesis begins with the activation of aspartate by atp. identify the activated intermediate of asparagine synthesis.
a acyl-pyrophosphate
b acyl-adenylate
c acyl-phospate
Answers
The activated intermediate of asparagine synthesis is b) acyl-adenylate. Asparagine biosynthesis involves a series of enzymatic reactions that convert aspartate to asparagine.
The first step in this process is the activation of aspartate by ATP to form an acyl-adenylate intermediate. This intermediate is then converted to an acyl-phosphate intermediate, which is subsequently converted to a beta-aspartyl-AMP intermediate.
Finally, this intermediate is condensed with glutamine to form asparagine. Therefore, the correct answer is b) acyl-adenylate, which is the activated intermediate formed during the first step of asparagine biosynthesis.
The activated intermediate of asparagine synthesis, which begins with the activation of aspartate by ATP, is aspartyl-adenylate (option B). This intermediate is formed when ATP reacts with aspartate, and it plays a crucial role in the asparagine biosynthesis pathway.
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A goal of genomics is to ________.
A) provide a way to produce large quantities of a particular gene product
B) understand the mechanisms that control gene expression
C) manipulate genetic material for human purposes
D) regulate how genes are expressed without changing the protein they encode
PLEASE HELP, TYSM:)
Answers
A goal of genomics is to understand the mechanisms that control gene expression.
What is genomics?
Genomics is an interdisciplinary field of biology focusing on the structure, function, evolution, mapping, and editing of genomes. A genome is an organism's complete set of DNA, including all of its genes as well as its hierarchical, three-dimensional structural configuration.
The role of genomics is to study the total or part of the genetic or epigenetic sequence information of organisms and attempts to understand the structure and function of these sequences and of downstream biological products.
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please help ASAP!!!!!!! giving 20 points!!!!!!
Answers
I know paramecia are living things because they respond to their environment.
What are paramecia?A paramecium is a tiny one-celled (unicellular) living thing with the ability to move, eat, and reproduce.
They are a member of the kingdom of Protista, a collection (family) of related living microorganisms.
A microorganism refers to a very tiny live cell.
They are tiny, one-celled, and self-replicating protozoans.
Since most species are simple to grow in a lab, they make excellent model organisms and are suitable for biological research.
They usually have an oblong or slipper form and are covered in tiny hairy structures known as cilia.
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