What is the chemical equation( formula ) of the reaction of photosynthesis

Matter cannot be created or destroyed in chemical reactions. This is the law of conservation of mass. In every chemical reaction, the same mass of matter must end up in the products as started in the reactants. Balanced chemical equations show that mass is conserved in chemical reactions.

Matter cannot be created or destroyed in chemical reactions. This is the law of conservation of mass. In every chemical reaction, the same mass of matter must end up in the products as started in the reactants. Balanced chemical equations show that mass is conserved in chemical reactions

In the given chemical reaction iron is less electropositive metal and aluminum is more electropositive and behave as a reducing agent also.

Electropositivity is the ability of an atom of donation or losing of electrons easily.

From the given chemical reaction it is clear that oxidation state of iron changes from +3 to 0 & of aluminum is from 0 to +3. So in the above chemical reaction aluminum is more electropositive than iron metal. And aluminum is behave as a reducing agent as it helps in the reduction process by providing electrons.

Hence aluminum is electropositive metal and reducing agent, iron is less electropositive.

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Explanation:

here u go the Answer with the working:)

"Something done or occurring as a result of a sudden impulse or inclination and without premeditation or external provocation" is "spontaneous." Electro-chemical batteries contain chemical reactions that happen naturally spontaneously, or without the use of an external force.

Electro-chemical batteries contain chemical reactions that happen naturally spontaneously, or without the use of an external force. However, the opposite is not a spontaneous process since electrical energy (external stimuli) is required to induce chemical reactions inside the electrochemical cell, primarily to charge it. As a result, the latter transition is not spontaneous.

Potential is generated by spontaneous redox reactions, which can be used as a source of electrical energy, but it is not the purpose for the electrolytic cell. An electrolytic cell is a device that uses electricity to carry out chemical changes (lytic meaning breaking).

The study of chemical reactions involving the motion of electrons is known as electrochemistry. Redox processes are what drive electron motion. Galvanic and electrolytic cells make up its two different cell types.

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Solutions of benzene, hexane and hexene can all be separated based on differences in boiling point.

A fail-proof method of identifying compounds is by the use of properties such as boiling point for liquids. Since Hexane, hexene and benzene are all liquids, the liquids can all be subjected to heating and the boiling points of the solutions are observed.

Recall that the boiling points of pure chemical substances have been documented in literature, the boiling points obtained for each sample can be compared with the boiling points in literature and the different solutions can be correctly identified:

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Given what we know, the tool in question that will help the student collect data regarding the transfer of kinetic energy between water and ice would be a thermometer.

It does not do so directly. However, kinetic energy in water molecules is reflected in the temperature of the water. When water molecules increase their kinetic energy and move more, they become hotter. Increased or decreased heat is an indirect way to measure the transfer of kinetic energy in water.

Therefore, given that the temperature of the water is a reflection of the transfer of kinetic energy happening, we can confirm that the tool that will help the student collect the data needed is a thermometer.

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Answer:

your answer will be a thermometer

Explanation:

if you go to connexus and are doing the science

Thermal Energy Unit Test 10 qestions 8th grd unit 5 test lesson 12 here are the correct answers

1. A. metal is heated from room temperature to 200'C.

2. B. The particles will have more space between them as steam, but they will be moving at the same speed in both states.

3. C. The potential energy decreases due to the tighter arrangement of the particles.

4. B. an increase in heat and an increase in kinetic energy until a phase change occurs.

5. C. thermometer

6. B. 4.

7. D. convection

8. C. Air moves from the areas of higher temperature to areas of lower temperature.

9. C. The temperature of the ice increases, while the temperature of the water decreases

10. A. heat transfer by radiation.

i hope this helps and please let me know if it does! = ) <3

The gravitational force is related to the distance between two objects because it is inversely proportional to the square of the distance.

The gravitational force refers to the attraction between two different objects due to their masses.

This force (gravitational force)  is fundamental for maintaining the distance of objects in the Universe.

In conclusion, the gravitational force is related to the distance between two objects because it is inversely proportional to the square of the distance.

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Answer:

stays at rest

Explanation:

Answer:

stays at rest

Explanation:

Applications of anaerobic respiration is generating microbial fuel cell

Anaerobic respiration is the because of lack of oxygen they carry out respiration in the absence of oxygen to produce the energy they require called as anaerobic respiration

Anaerobic respiration is useful generating microbial fuel cell which employ bacteria that respire solid electron acceptor to transfer electron from reduced compound to an electrode this process can simultaneously degrade organic carbon waste and generate electricity

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When 500.0 mL of 0.10 M Ca²⁺ is mixed with 500.0 mL of 0.10 M SO₄²⁻, 6.807 grams of calcium sulfate will precipitate.

To determine the mass of calcium sulfate that will precipitate when 500.0 mL of 0.10 M Ca²⁺ is mixed with 500.0 mL of 0.10 M SO₄²⁻, we need to calculate the limiting reagent and use stoichiometry to find the mass.

First, let's calculate the moles of Ca²⁺ and SO₄²⁻ in the given solutions:

Moles of Ca²⁺ = (0.10 mol/L) × (0.500 L) = 0.05 mol

Moles of SO₄²⁻ = (0.10 mol/L) × (0.500 L) = 0.05 mol

Since the stoichiometric ratio between Ca²⁺ and SO₄²⁻ in the balanced equation for the formation of calcium sulfate is 1:1, we can see that both ions are present in equal amounts. Therefore, neither Ca²⁺ nor SO₄²⁻ is in excess, and the reaction will proceed to completion without any leftover ions.

The molar mass of calcium sulfate (CaSO₄) will be 136.14 g/mol.

To find the mass of calcium sulfate, we multiply the moles of CaSO₄ formed by its molar mass;

Mass of CaSO₄ = (0.05 mol) × (136.14 g/mol) = 6.807 g

Therefore, the mass of calcium sulfate will precipitate 6.807 grams.

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The detector with the highest sensitivity for determination of acetone is the flame ionization detector.

Flame ionization detector is the most widely used detector for gas chromatography. It is highly sensitive for organic compounds like acetone. FID detectors are best suited for organic compounds, and they work on the principle that the organic compounds get ionized by the hydrogen flame and generate electrons.

These electrons pass through an electrical field, which produces a signal that is proportional to the number of ions present. This detector has the highest sensitivity for determination of acetone.

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Answer:

Explanation:

At STP, 1 mole of hydrogen can occupy a volume of 22.4 liters. At STP, 3 moles of hydrogen can occupy a volume of 2×22. 4=44. 8 liters

Answer + Explanation:

Byzantium had a natural harbor.

Byzantium is located in one of the best natural harbors in the world, in a small peninsula in front of the strait of Bosphorus, which links the Black Sea with the Mediterranean Sea (via the Sea of Marmara and the Aegean Sea).

Rome had been destroyed by invaders.

Rome was sacked in 410 by an army of Visigoths lead by king Alaric. The sacking proved fatal for Rome, and the city would not regain its condition for over a thousand years after.

Byzantium provided greater access to trade routes.

Besides being a great port, Byzantium is also a link between Europe and the Middle East (and Asia), and the Mediterranean and the Black Seas. This means that Byzantium was at a crossroads, and had access to several trade routes.

(from " sebastiansierraocm")

I hope this helps, have a nice day!

This is a combustion reaction of an alkane with oxygen. It is exothermic (

Δ

H

<

0

), and can be balanced in normal methods for balancing chemical equations ie ensuring that the total number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation.

Dalton's atomic theory can account for the fact that different samples of the same compound always contain a fixed mass percentage of its component elements in the following way:

According to Dalton's atomic theory, atoms are indivisible and cannot be created or destroyed. All atoms of a given element are identical in mass and other properties.

Atoms combine in small whole-number ratios to form compounds. This means that every molecule of a given compound contains the same number of atoms of each element. This principle is known as the law of definite proportions. When a compound is formed by the combination of atoms of two or more elements, the ratio of the masses of these elements in the compound is always the same. The ratio of the masses of the constituent elements is fixed and constant in any given compound. This is the reason why different samples of the same compound always contain a fixed mass percentage of its component elements.

Dalton's atomic theory provides an explanation for the observation that different samples of the same compound always contain a fixed mass percentage of its component elements. According to Dalton's theory, atoms are indivisible and cannot be created or destroyed. All atoms of a given element are identical in mass and other properties. When atoms of two or more elements combine to form a compound, they do so in small whole-number ratios. This means that every molecule of a given compound contains the same number of atoms of each element.The law of definite proportions is a fundamental principle of Dalton's atomic theory. It states that when a compound is formed by the combination of atoms of two or more elements, the ratio of the masses of these elements in the compound is always the same.

This principle is also known as the law of constant composition. It applies to all compounds, regardless of how they were formed or where they are found. The ratio of the masses of the constituent elements is fixed and constant in any given compound. This is the reason why different samples of the same compound always contain a fixed mass percentage of its component elements.

Dalton's atomic theory accounts for the fact that different samples of the same compound always contain a fixed mass percentage of its component elements by stating that atoms of different elements combine in small whole-number ratios to form compounds, and that the ratio of the masses of the constituent elements in a compound is always the same. This principle is known as the law of definite proportions and is a fundamental principle of Dalton's atomic theory.

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According to the given values, the linear density of the fiber is 3 denier. Linear density is defined as the mass per unit length of a fiber. In this case, the linear density can be calculated by dividing the mass of the fiber (1 gram) by its length (3000 meters).

Linear density in denier can be calculated as follows:
Linear density = Mass / Length
Linear density = 1 gram / 3000 meters

To convert this to denier, we need to multiply by a conversion factor of 9000.

Denier = Linear density x 9000
Denier = (1 gram / 3000 meters) x 9000
Denier = 3

Therefore, the linear density of the fiber is 3 denier (numerical value without units).

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Explanation:

True. They may both be properties of a gas but they are independent of each other since the pressure of a gas may vary without changing the temperature or volume (or any other properties).

Answer:

True

Explanation:

The statement "The qualities/quantities of a gas are independent of one another" is True. This means that a change in one property of a gas, such as pressure, volume, or temperature, does not affect the other properties. This is one of the basic assumptions of the ideal gas law, which states that the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas are proportional to one another under certain conditions.

For example, when the volume of a gas is increased, its pressure decreases, and when its temperature is increased, its pressure also increases. These changes in properties are independent of one another, and can be described by the mathematical relationships described by the ideal gas law.

ALLEN

2.50 litres of a 10.0 M solution require the preparation of 25.0 moles of ethylene glycol.

Excellent antifreeze, anti-boil, and anti-corrosive qualities are produced when antifreeze and water are mixed in a 50/50 ratio. The proportion of conventional ethylene glycol to water in severely cold conditions can reach 70% antifreeze, 30% water. The maximum antifreeze to water ratio when using DEX-COOL® is 60/40.

moles = concentration (M) x volume (L)

Given that the desired concentration is 10.0 M and the volume needed is 2.50 L, the setup for calculating the total number of moles of ethylene glycol can be written as:

moles = 10.0 M x 2.50 L

moles = 25.0 mol

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Answer:

sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4),

Phosphate Salt

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Answer:

When animals breathe or decompose (decay), carbonate rocks weather, forest fires occur, and volcanoes erupt, carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere naturally. Carbon dioxide is also released into the atmosphere as a result of human activities such as fossil fuel combustion and forest fires.

Answer:

Translate from Ukrainian.

У цей приклад я візьму селекції пшениці. Коли ми будемо говорити про селекцію цього злака, то ми можемо отримати меньшу собівартість, та вартість вирощування. Збільшена урожайність, та менша потреба в гербіцидах, пестицидах, та інсектицидах це теж наслідок. Тому селекція це майбутнє!

The Daniel cell is a simple electrochemical cell consisting of a copper electrode (cathode) and a zinc electrode (anode) in separate solutions of copper(II) sulfate and zinc sulfate, respectively. The two half-cells are connected by a salt bridge, which allows the flow of ions between the two solutions without allowing mixing. At the anode, zinc metal oxidizes to Zn2+ ions and releases two electrons, while at the cathode, copper(II) ions are reduced to copper metal by gaining two electrons. This results in the overall reaction: Zn(s) + Cu2+(aq) → Zn2+(aq) + Cu(s). The cell potential of the Daniel cell is 1.10 V at standard conditions, which means that the reaction is spontaneous and the cell can produce an electric current.

To construct a Daniel cell, a zinc electrode is placed in a solution of zinc sulfate and a copper electrode is placed in a solution of copper(II) sulfate. The two half-cells are connected by a salt bridge, which can be made of a gel or soaked paper strip containing a salt solution, such as potassium chloride. The salt bridge completes the circuit by allowing the movement of ions between the two half-cells while preventing the mixing of the two solutions. The anode reaction is: Zn(s) → Zn2+(aq) + 2e-, while the cathode reaction is: Cu2+(aq) + 2e- → Cu(s). The overall reaction of the cell is: Zn(s) + Cu2+(aq) → Zn2+(aq) + Cu(s), with a standard cell potential of 1.10 V. The figure below shows the construction of a Daniel cell with a salt bridge.

                 _______

                |       |

       Zn(s)---|ZnSO4  |---CuSO4|---Cu(s)

                |_______|      |

                      Salt Bridge

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a. Decreasing alpha from 0.05 to 0.01 makes the significance level more stringent. You will be less likely to reject the null hypothesis, even when it's false. This increases the probability of a Type II error, thus potentially reducing the power of the test. The power curve will shift to the left.

b. If the sample size is reduced from 90 to 50, the effect on the power curve is that it will also shift towards the left.

The power curve is a graph that shows the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis as a function of the true value of the mean.

In the given scenarios of this study, Reducing the significance level and reducing the sample size will shift the power curve to the left, indicating a decrease in the statistical power of the test.

The power of a statistical test is the probability that it correctly rejects the null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is true.

a) Reducing alpha from 0.05 to 0.01 means that we are more stringent in our assessment of whether the new treatment is effective.

This will result in a decrease in the power of the test, meaning that it is less likely that we will be able to detect a difference between the new treatment and the previous treatment.

b) If the sample size is reduced from 90 to 50, the effect on the power curve is that it will also shift towards the left.

This is because a smaller sample size decreases the power of the test. A larger sample size provides more information and thus makes it more likely to correctly reject the null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is true.

Therefore, by reducing the sample size, you are decreasing the likelihood of detecting a true effect if one exists, thus reducing the power of the test.

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Soil can be conserved by removing trees. This statement is false.

Soil conservation is a set of practices used to keep soil from deteriorating. To begin with, soil conservation entails treating the soil as a living ecosystem. This entails continuously returning organic matter to the soil. Preventive maintenance on a car is analogous to soil conservation.

Organic or ecological farming entails reducing or eliminating the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, as well as cultivating rich, long-term balanced soil fertility through techniques such as crop rotation, conservation tillage, and soil amendments such as compost and manure.

Thus,  Soil can be conserved by removing trees. This statement is false.

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A. Thiele modulus for the three pellets is 1.78, 2.74, and 6.04 for conversion 3. 4 mm 36.9, 5.1 mm 31.7, and 9.5 mm 25.6 respectively

B. The yield of butadiene using catalyst particles with a diameter of 1. 0 and 7. 0 mm in a reactor of the same length is 0.118 and 0.073 respectively.

C. The Thiele modulus (φ) will rise for all the pellets if both rate constants are increased by a factor of 4, as the reactions speed up.

a) To calculate the Thiele modulus (φ) for each pellet, we can use the following equation:

φ² / (6 x Th) = -(1/2)ln(1-X)

where,

φ is the particle diameter

Th is the Thiele modulus

X is the conversion.

The conversion for the first pellet, which has a 3.4 mm diameter, is 36.9%. Thus,

Th = φ² / \((6\times(-1/2)ln(1-X))\)

Th = \(3.4^2 / (6\times(-1/2)ln(1-0.369))\)

Th = 1.78

The conversion for the first pellet, which has a 5.1 mm diameter, is 31.7%. Thus,

Th = φ² / \((6\times(-1/2)ln(1-X))\)

Th = \(5.1^2 / (6\times(-1/2)ln(1-0.317))\)

Th = 2.74

The conversion for the first pellet, which has a 9.5 mm diameter, is 25.6%. Thus,

Th =φ²/ \((6\times(-1/2)ln(1-X))\)

Th = \(9.5^2 / (6\times(-1/2)ln(1-0.256))\)

Th = 6.04

B) In order to compute the butadiene yield utilizing catalyst particles with diameters of 1.0 and 7.0 mm, we must first know the conversion at the reactor's end.

We may infer from the information provided that the conversion is a diminishing function of pellet size.

Hence, we may interpolate the conversion values for the two particle sizes:

Conversion at 1.0 mm

= 36.9 x (1 - ((1.0 - 3.4) / (9.5 - 3.4))

= 26.6%

Conversion at 7.0 mm

= 25.6 x (1 - ((7.0 - 3.4) / (9.5 - 3.4))

= 16.5%

Thus, we must account for both the conversion and the selectivity when calculating the butadiene yield.

The second reaction's selectivity (\(S_2\)) may be represented as

\(k_2 / (k_1 + k_2)\) = 0.8 / 1.8

= 0.444 since the reactions occur one after the other.

For the 1.0 mm particle, the yield of butadiene can be calculated as:

Yield

= Conversion x Selectivity

= 0.266 x 0.444

≈ 0.118

For the 7.0 mm particle, the yield of butadiene can be calculated as:

Yield

= Conversion x Selectivity

= 0.165 x 0.444

≈ 0.073

c) The Thiele modulus (φ) will rise for all the pellets if both rate constants are increased by a factor of 4, as the reactions speed up. For the same reactor duration and circumstances, this will lead to a drop in conversion and yield.

Using the Thiele modulus equation from section (a), we can recalculate the conversion and yield using the new rate constants to determine the magnitude of this effect.

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Answer:

‘many parts’

Explanation:

I remember learning this in last year AP Chemistry

Identical electron configurations : K⁺ and Cl⁻

In an atom, there are levels of energy in the shell and sub-shell  

This energy level is expressed in the form of electron configurations.  

Charging electrons in the sub-shell uses the following sequence:  

1s², 2s², 2p⁶, 3s², 3p⁶, 4s², 3d¹⁰, 4p⁶, 5s², 4d¹⁰, 5p⁶, 6s², etc.  

S²⁻ : [Ne] 3s²3p⁶

Cl : [Ne] 3s²3p⁵

K⁺ : 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶

Cl⁻ : 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²3p⁶

S :[Ne] 3s²3p⁴

Ar : [Ne] 3s²3p⁶

Cl⁻ : 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²3p⁶

K : 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶4s¹

The pH of the carbonic acid solution is approximately 3.833, and the equilibrium concentrations of \([HCO_3^-]\) and \([CO_3^{2-}]\) are approximately 1.468 × \(10^{(-4)\) M.

To calculate the pH and equilibrium concentrations of \([HCO_3^-]\) and \([CO_3^{2-}]\) in a carbonic acid solution, we need to consider the ionization reactions of carbonic acid \((H_2CO_3)\)

The ionization reactions of carbonic acid are as follows:

\(H_2CO_3\) ⇌ \(H^+\) + \(HCO_3^-\)

\(HCO_3^-\) ⇌ \(H^+\) + \(CO_3^{2-}\)

Given:

Initial concentration of \(H_2CO_3\) (carbonic acid): \([H_2CO_3]\) = 0.0514 M

Ka1 = 4.2 × \(10^{(-7)\)

Ka2 = 4.8 × \(10^{(-11)\)

[HCO3-] = M (equilibrium concentration)

[CO32-] = M (equilibrium concentration)

Step 1: Write the equilibrium expressions for the ionization reactions.

Ka1 = \([H^+][HCO_3^-]/[H_2CO_3]\)

Ka2 = \([H^+][CO_3^{2-}]/[HCO_3^-]\)

Step 2: Set up an ICE table (Initial, Change, Equilibrium) for each ionization reaction.

For reaction 1: \(H_2CO_3\) ⇌ \(H^+ + HCO_3^-\)

Initial: \([H_2CO_3]\) = 0.0514 M, \([H^+]\) = 0 M, \([HCO_3^-]\) = 0 M

Change: -x, +x, +x

Equilibrium: \([H_2CO_3]\) - x, x, x

For reaction 2: \(HCO_3^-\) ⇌ \(H^+ + CO_3^{2-\)

Initial: \([HCO_3^-]\) = 0 M, \([H^+]\) = 0 M, \([CO_3^{2-}]\) = 0 M

Change: +x, +x, +x

Equilibrium: \([HCO_3^-]\) + x, x, x

Step 3: Substitute the equilibrium concentrations into the equilibrium expressions and solve for x.

For reaction 1:

Ka1 = \([H^+][HCO_3^-]/[H_2CO_3]\)

4.2 × \(10^{(-7)\) = x * x / (0.0514 - x)

Since the value of x is expected to be small compared to 0.0514, we can assume that (0.0514 - x) = 0.0514.

4.2 × \(10^{(-7)\) = \(x^2\) / 0.0514

Solving for x:

\(x^2\) = 4.2 × \(10^{(-7)\) * 0.0514

\(x^2\) = 2.1588 × \(10^{(-8)\)

x = 1.468 × \(10^{(-4)\) M

Step 4: Calculate the pH.

The pH is determined by the concentration of \([H^+]\) ions. Since \([H^+]\) = x, the pH is equal to the negative logarithm of x.

pH = -log(x)

pH = -log(1.468 × \(10^{(-4)\))

pH = 3.833

Step 5: Calculate the equilibrium concentrations of \([HCO_3^-]\) and \([CO_3^{2-}]\).

\([HCO_3^-]\) = \([H^+]\) = x

\([HCO_3^-]\) = 1.468 × \(10^{(-4)\) M

\([CO_3^{2-}]\) = \([H^+]\) = x

\([CO_3^{2-}]\) = 1.468 × \(10^{(-4)\) M

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