Suppose you are recrystallizing a compound and boil the solution for so long that a substantial amount of the liquid evaporates. What is likely to happen to some of the solute? What should you do if this occurs?
Answers
If a substantial amount of the liquid evaporates during the recrystallization process, it can lead to an increase in the concentration of the solute in the remaining solution. As a result, there is a higher likelihood of the solute molecules coming into close proximity and potentially re-precipitating out of the solution. This can lead to the formation of undesired crystals or the re-crystallization of the solute in a form that is difficult to recover.
If this occurs, it is important to take appropriate steps to prevent the formation of unwanted crystals. Here are a few actions you can consider adding solvent, adjusting the temperature, or diluting the solution.
1. Add solvent: If you notice excessive evaporation, add a small amount of the original solvent to the solution to increase the liquid volume and lower the solute concentration. This helps prevent the formation of undesired crystals and allows the remaining solute to remain dissolved.
2. Adjust temperature: Lower the temperature of the solution to slow down the rate of evaporation. This can be achieved by removing the heat source or placing the container in an ice bath. Controlling the evaporation rate can help maintain a suitable concentration of the solute.
3. Dilute the solution: If the solution becomes highly concentrated due to excessive evaporation, dilute it with additional solvent to decrease the solute concentration. This helps to prevent the precipitation of the solute and allows for a more controlled recrystallization process.
It is important to note that the specific actions taken may vary depending on the nature of the solute and the solvent used. In some cases, it may be necessary to repeat the recrystallization process using fresh solvents and carefully controlling the evaporation to achieve the desired crystal formation.
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Related Questions
you have a 5.0 ml sample of a protein in 0.5m nacl. you place the protein/salt sample inside dialysis tubing and place the bag in a large beaker of distilled water. your goal is to remove as much nacl from the sample as possible. since you know that the final salt concentration will be the same inside the tubing as out, you can calculate the final concentration of the salt.
Answers
Therefore, the final concentration of salt (NaCl) is 25 mM.
The goal in the given scenario is to remove as much NaCl from the protein sample as possible.
It can be achieved by dialysis. Dialysis is a process of separating molecules in solution by the difference in their rates of diffusion through a semipermeable membrane, such as dialysis tubing.
This tubing allows the exchange of small molecules but not larger ones like proteins.
To calculate the final concentration of salt, we need to apply the formula for dilution: C1V1 = C2V2Here, C1 is the initial concentration of NaCl in the sample, which is 0.5M.
V1 is the volume of the sample, which is 5.0 ml.
V2 is the final volume of the sample,
which is the sum of the volume inside the tubing and the volume of distilled water outside the tubing.
Since the tubing is semipermeable, we assume that water will move into the tubing to equalize the concentration.
So, the final volume will be greater than 5.0 ml.
Let's say the final volume is 100 ml.
Then, we can calculate the final concentration of salt (C2) as follows:C1V1 = C2V2 ⇒ (0.5 M) (5.0 ml) = C2 (100 ml)⇒ C2 = 0.025 M or 25 mM
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Potassium cyanide is a toxic substance, and the median lethal dose depends on the mass of the person or animal that ingests it. The median lethal dose of KCN for a person weighing 215 lb (97.5 kg ) is 8.84×10−3 mol .
What volume of a 0.0250 M KCN solution contains 8.84×10−3 mol of KCN?
Express the volume to three significant figures and include the appropriate units.
Answers
Answer:
0.354L
Explanation:
Given parameters:
Molarity of KCN = 0.025M
Number of moles = 8.84 x 10⁻³mol
Unknown:
Volume of KCN = ?
Solution:
The molarity of a substance is expressed as;
Molarity = \(\frac{number of moles }{volume }\)
Volume of KCN = \(\frac{number of moles }{molarity}\)
Now insert the parameters and solve;
Volume of KCN = \(\frac{0.00884}{0.025}\) = 0.354L
The below table compares the number of electrons in two neutral atoms.
atom:
Ne 10
Na 11
Compare the electron configuration and atomic radius of these two atoms and use that to explain the difference in their reactivity.
Answers
an substance that is being dissolved by another object?
Answers
Answer:
Solute - The solute is the substance that is being dissolved by another substance. In the example above, the salt is the solute. Solvent - The solvent is the substance that dissolves the other substance.
Explanation:
4NH3 + 502 -> 4NO + 6H20 How many grams of nitrogen monoxide (NO) will be produced from 2.50 g oxygen (02)?
Answers
gram of NO=5
2NO = 2N+O2
2×2.50=x
x=5
The mass of nitrogen monoxide produced from 2.5 grams of oxygen is 1.875 grams
4NH₃ + 50₂ → 4NO + 6H₂0
The limiting reagent is 0₂ because the least moles of this are used in the reaction.
Therefore, it will determine the amount of product formed.
From the chemical reaction above
10(16) g of 0₂ gives (4×14 + 4×16) g of NO
2.50 g of 0₂ will give ? of NO
cross multiply
mass of NO formed = 2.50 × 120 / 160
mass of NO formed = 300 / 160
mass of NO formed = 1.875 grams
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When a drawing of a circle made in the center of a piece of paper with a black marker gets wet, the marker bleeds, and as the water moves through the paper the ink separates into several colors.
What method of separation does this describe?
evaporation
distillation
filtration
chromatography
Answers
Answer:
D) Chromatography
Explanation:
Answer: It is D. chromatography.
Step-by-step explanation:
when water or dye passes through a medium and changes color then that means it must be chromatography.
how many photons with a wavelength of 749 nm are needed to melt 445 g of ice? the enthalpy of fusion of water can be found in this table.
Answers
The number of photons required with a wavelength of 749 nm are needed to melt 445 g of ice is 5.12 × 10²³.
The energy of one photon is given as,
E = (h × C) / λ
E = (6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ × 3 × 10⁸ m/s) / (749 nm × 10⁻⁹ nm/m)
⇒ E = 0.02653 × 10⁻¹⁷ = 2.65 × 10⁻¹⁹ J
The enthalpy of fusion of water is 333.55 J/g.
To melt 445 g of ice, the energy needed = 445 g × 333.55 J/g = 135755 J
Hence, the number of photons required = (135755 J) / (2.65 × 10⁻¹⁹)
= 51228.301 × 10⁻¹⁹
= 5.12 × 10²³
Hence the number of photons required is 5.12 × 10²³.
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explain why the sun will not explode at any point in its life cycle
Answers
Answer:
i no now dethankyou
Explanation:
Dowsing is the process of searching for
underground water by walking over land
while holding a stick. When the person
holding the stick senses that the stick is
shaking, the person might be standing near
water. On what scientific principles, if any,
is dowsing based? How might dowsing be
based on faulty reasoning?
Answers
Dowsing is a practice that lacks scientific evidence and is considered pseudoscience. It is not based on any established scientific principles. The supposed ability to detect underground water using dowsing rods or sticks is not supported by empirical data or a sound theoretical foundation.
The shaking or movement of the stick during dowsing is often attributed to unconscious muscular movements or the ideomotor effect, where the person's subconscious mind influences their physical actions without conscious awareness. This can lead to a false belief that the stick is indicating the presence of water.
Dowsing is based on faulty reasoning because it relies on subjective interpretations and personal beliefs rather than objective measurements or scientific methods. The lack of controlled experiments, consistent results, and the inability to provide a scientific explanation undermine its credibility.
In scientific terms, the ability to detect underground water or other substances typically relies on geophysical surveys, geological analysis, or other established scientific techniques. These methods involve objective measurements, data analysis, and empirical evidence, which are fundamental to the scientific process.
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If 0.525 moles of O2 are produced, how many moles of KClO3 are decomposed?
Answers
Answer:
B. 0.35mol KClO3
Explanation:
The balanced equation in this question is given as follows:
2KClO3 → 2KCl + 3O2
Based on the chemical reaction;
2 moles of KClO3 decomposes into 3 moles of O2
If 0.525 moles of O2 are produced, then:
= 0.525 × 2/3
= 1.05/3
= 0.35mol of KClO3 is decomposed.
4. What is the substance called that dissolves the other substance in a solution?
a. Soluto
b. Mixture
c. Solvent
d. Concentrator
Answers
Answer:
Solvent
Explanation:
When one substance dissolves into another, a solution is formed. A solution is a homogeneous mixture consisting of a solute dissolved into a solvent
A gas occupies 10.2 L at 0.986 atm. What is the pressure if the volume increases to 16.0 L?
Answers
Answer:
0.629 atm
Explanation:
P1V1 = P2V2
P1 = 0.986 atm
V1 = 10.2 L
P2 = ?
V2 = 16.0 L
Solve for P2 --> P2 = P1V1/V2
P2 = (0.986 atm)(10.2 L) / (16.0 L) = 0.629 atm
A glowing beam of electric current is deflected away from a negatively charged object. What does this tell us about electricity?
It is densely packed and has a positive charge
It is made of negatively charged particles.
It is mostly empty space.
It is composed of a positive charge that is spread out with negative charges scattered about within it.
Answers
An electric field is produced when high voltage is applied to capacitor plates, deflecting cathode rays. The negatively charged electrons are directed away from the negatively charged plate and toward the positively charged plate when a cathode ray is transmitted through this electric field.
What is Electricity ?Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter that has a property of electric charge. Electricity is related to magnetism, both being part of the phenomenon of electromagnetism, as described by Maxwell's equations
Voltage, current, and resistance are the three most fundamental elements of electricity. Voltage is comparable to the force that forces water through a hose. It is expressed as volts (V). CURRENT is comparable to the hose's diameter.
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Match the subatomic particle to its best explanation:
PHOTON
a fermion
b composite particle
c weak force
d strong force
e forces
f leptons
g up
h +2/3
i gravity
Answers
Answer:
a
Explanation:
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the nucleophilic attack on the intermediate benzyne molecule in an elimination-addition reaction occurs at the position of the original substituent, and where else?
Answers
In an elimination-addition reaction involving a benzyne intermediate, the nucleophilic attack can occur at two different positions:
The position of the original substituent: This occurs when the original substituent on the benzene ring is electron-withdrawing and stabilizes the benzyne intermediate. The nucleophile attacks the electrophilic carbon atom that was originally attached to the substituent, leading to the formation of a new bond and the regeneration of the aromatic ring.The para position: This occurs when the original substituent on the benzene ring is electron-donating and destabilizes the benzyne intermediate. In this case, the nucleophile attacks the electrophilic carbon atom at the para position, leading to the formation of a new bond and the formation of a new substituent at the para position.The exact position of the nucleophilic attack depends on the nature of the substituent and the reaction conditions.
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For the conversion of methyl isonitrile to acetonitrile in the gas phase at 250 °C
CH3NCCH3CN
the following data have been obtained:
[CH3NC], M 2.78×10-2 1.66×10-2 9.96×10-3 5.97×10-3
time, s 0 171 342 513
The average rate of disappearance of CH3NC over the time period from t = 342 s to t = 513 s is__________ M s-1.
Answers
The average rate of disappearance of CH3NC over the time period from t = 342 s to t = 513 s is -2.92×10-5 M s-1.
To calculate the average rate of disappearance of CH3NC over the time period from t = 342 s to t = 513 s, we can use the formula:
Average rate = (change in concentration) / (change in time)
First, we need to calculate the change in concentration of CH3NC over the time period from t = 342 s to t = 513 s:
[CH3NC]342s = 9.96×10-3 M
[CH3NC]513s = 5.97×10-3 M
Change in concentration = [CH3NC]513s - [CH3NC]342s
= 5.97×10-3 M - 9.96×10-3 M
= -4.99×10-3 M
(Note that the concentration has decreased, so the change in concentration is negative)
Next, we need to calculate the change in time:
Change in time = 513 s - 342 s
= 171 s
Now we can calculate the average rate of disappearance of CH3NC:
Average rate = (change in concentration) / (change in time)
= (-4.99×10-3 M) / (171 s)
= -2.92×10-5 M s-1
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Which order of molecular conversions is correct for the calvin cycle?.
Answers
The order of molecular conversions that is correct for the Calvin Cycle is as follows: Carboxylation, reduction, and regeneration. The Calvin cycle is a process that takes place in the stroma of the chloroplasts in photosynthetic organisms.
The purpose of the Calvin Cycle is to synthesize sugar using carbon dioxide (CO2) and energy from light. This cycle consists of a series of reactions that ultimately convert carbon dioxide (CO2) into glucose. The Calvin Cycle is divided into three main steps: Carboxylation, Reduction, and Regeneration. Let's discuss each step in more detail: Carboxylation.
This is the first step of the Calvin Cycle. Carbon dioxide is added to the 5-carbon molecule ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) by the enzyme Ru Bis CO. This forms an unstable 6-carbon molecule, which immediately breaks down into two 3-carbon molecules known as 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA).
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When kerosene and oxygen molecules react to form carbon dioxide and water, energy is released. Where do you think the energy comes from?
Answers
The energy comes from the breaking of bonds that is present between kerosene molecules.
How energy released from kerosene?When fuels are burned, the chemical energy that is present in kerosene molecules. This energy can be used to generate other form of energy, such as heat, light, motion, or electricity so we can conclude that the energy comes from the breaking of bonds that is present between kerosene molecules.
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What affects both deep water and surface currents in the ocean?
Answers
Answer:
These currents are on the ocean's surface and in its depths, flowing both locally and globally. Winds, water density, and tides all drive ocean currents. Coastal and sea floor features influence their location, direction, and speed. Earth's rotation results in the Coriolis effect which also influences ocean currents. -
Answer: The Coriolis effect
Explanation:
Suppose that the student took one more volume
reading of 24.2 mL but forgot to measure the
pressure. Compute the pressure expected for that
volume.
kg/cm2
Answers
Begin the task by performing these steps. Record your observations in the table provided.
Label the foam cups with the numbers 1 and 2.
Record the type (and quantity, if applicable) of object you will be using. Include what kind of material the object is made of.
Determine the specific heat capacity of the chosen object from this list of specific heat capacities. If you can’t locate your material on the list, do an online search.
Answers
To measure the specific heat capacity of an object, begin by performing the necessary preparations, selecting an object to use, recording its type and material, and consulting a list of specific heat capacities. With this information, you can then calculate the specific heat capacity of your object using your observations and data.
Sure, I'd be happy to help you with your question! The task you're describing seems to involve measuring the specific heat capacity of an object. Specific heat capacity is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Celsius. To measure this, you'll need to follow a few steps. First, begin by performing the necessary preparations. This may involve setting up the equipment you'll be using, such as a thermometer and a heat source. You'll also want to record your observations in a table provided, which will help you keep track of your data. Next, you'll need to select an object to use in your experiment. It's important to record the type (and quantity, if applicable) of object you'll be using, as well as what kind of material the object is made of. This will help you determine the specific heat capacity of the object. To determine the specific heat capacity, you'll need to consult a list of specific heat capacities. If your material isn't on the list, you can do an online search to find the specific heat capacity of your material. Once you have this information, you can calculate the specific heat capacity of your object by measuring the amount of heat required to raise its temperature by a certain amount. In summary, to measure the specific heat capacity of an object, begin by performing the necessary preparations, selecting an object to use, recording its type and material, and consulting a list of specific heat capacities. With this information, you can then calculate the specific heat capacity of your object using your observations and data.
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what important assumption did u make in the alloy part to determine the comosition of the al zn alloy
Answers
The important assumption made in the alloy part to determine the composition of the Al-Zn alloy is that the two elements are present in the alloy in their atomic form.
AlloyAn alloy is a combination of two or more metals, or a metal and a non-metal. This means that an alloy is a mixture of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal, that has metallurgical properties. An alloy is distinguished from a pure metal by its physical and chemical properties.
Aluminum-Zinc alloys, also known as Zincalume or Galvalume, are primarily made up of aluminum and zinc. The aluminum makes up about 55 percent of the alloy by weight, while the remaining 45 percent is made up of zinc. The alloy's composition will determine its mechanical, physical, and chemical properties. Zinc improves the alloy's strength and resistance to corrosion.The important assumption made in the alloy part to determine the composition of the Al-Zn alloy is that the two elements are present in the alloy in their atomic form.
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List the four states of matter, from top to bottom, in order of decreasing energy.
Answers
They are. solids liquids gases and plasma. and fift one in man made.
Consider the reaction: 2A(g)+B(g)→3C(g)
When A is changing at a rate of -0. 110 M⋅s−1, how fast is B changing?
Answers
When A is changing at a rate of -0. 110 M⋅s−1,then B is changing with the rate of -0.055 M-s⁻¹.
since ratio is 2:1
B changes ---- 1/2x
(-0.11)/2 = -0.055 M-s⁻¹
What does it mean to have a reaction rate?response rate, in science, the speed at which a synthetic response continues. It is in many cases communicated regarding either the focus (sum per unit volume) of an item that is shaped in a unit of time or the grouping of a reactant that is consumed in a unit of time.
What influences pace of response?The rates of chemical reactions can be influenced by five factors: the chemical nature of the substances that are reacting, the state of subdivision (one large lump versus many small particles), the temperature, concentration, and presence of a catalyst of the reactants.
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A chemical reaction in which bonds are broken is usually associated with ________. a chemical reaction in which bonds are broken is usually associated with ________. the consumption of energy forming a larger molecule a synthesis the release of energy
Answers
Answer:The answer to the question is the release of energy. The bonds that bind a molecules atom's act as a storage of energy. One way it is released is when those bonds are broken and it is released outward in every direction. This breakage results in smaller molecules and not the formation of a larger molecule.
Explanation:
if you use too much hot solvent when dissolving your crude compound, how will that impact the recovery of your compound and why?
Answers
Recrystalization will occur.The solution may become too diluted for crystals to form if you add too much solvent. Impurities will be captured by a hastily formed crystal's lattice. The crystals that result will also be smaller.
What is Recrystalization?Recrystallization is a physical process used to separate compounds based on how soluble they are. Heating the material to dissolve the compound with impurities in a mixture of a suitable solvent completes the procedure. We can remove the desired chemical or contaminants from the mixture using this method.
The solution may become too diluted for crystals to form if you add too much solvent. The flask needs to be gently cooled, first at room temperature and then in cold water. Impurities will be captured by a hastily formed crystal's lattice. The resulting crystals will also be smaller.
This method is used to harden steel in order to eliminate all strain hardening side effects, including the significant plastic deformation brought on by cold working.The crystals that frequently form when the compound precipitates out gave it its name. The natural expansion of larger ice crystals at the expense of smaller ones is another definition of recrystallization.Some commonly effective mixes include diethyl ether-methanol (or ethanol) for polar molecules (particularly esters, alcohols, and hydrocarbons) and diethyl ether-petroleum ether (or benzene) for strongly linked solids (notably amides, alcohols), as well as many natural products.The three main types of recrystallization are;
Single-solvent recrystallization.Multi-solvent recrystallization.Hot filtration-recrystallization.To know more about Recrystalization, refer to:
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(5) Explain why increasing crosslinking or degree of crystallinity of a polymer will enhance its resistance to swelling and dissolution.
Answers
Increasing the crosslinking or degree of crystallinity of a polymer will enhance its resistance to swelling and dissolution due to the increased strength and stability of the polymer network.
Increasing crosslinking or degree of crystallinity in a polymer affects its resistance to swelling and dissolution in the following ways:
1. Crosslinking refers to the formation of chemical bonds between polymer chains ,resulting in a more rigid and compact structure. When crosslinking increases, the polymer chains become more interconnected and form a stronger network structure. This enhanced network structure results in a higher resistance to swelling and dissolution, as it is more difficult for solvents to penetrate and interact with the polymer chains.
2. Degree of crystallinity refers to the proportion of ordered, crystalline regions in a polymer material. As the degree of crystallinity increases, the polymer becomes more rigid, tighter packing of polymer chains and less permeable to solvents. This is because the crystalline regions are more tightly packed and have stronger intermolecular forces, making it more difficult for solvents to penetrate and cause swelling or dissolution. As a result, a polymer with a high degree of crystallinity is less likely to absorb moisture or other solvents, making it more resistant to swelling and dissolution.
In summary, increasing the crosslinking or degree of crystallinity of a polymer enhances its resistance to swelling and dissolution by creating a stronger network structure and reducing the permeability of solvents. The stronger and more compact the polymer network, the better it can withstand exposure to solvents or other environmental factors.
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(answered on edge)
Calculate the percent by mass of each element.
%N = 35 %
%H = 5.0 %
%O = 60 %
Answers
Answer:
N=35%. so 35/100*7 =2.45%
H=5.0 so 5/100*1=0.05%
o=60% so 60/100*8=4.8%
A manometer is used to measure the pressure of a gas supply. Which change gives a greater value of height h ? *
Answers
A manometer is used to measure the pressure of a gas supply. The changes that give a greater value of height using a less dense liquid.
What is a manometer?A manometer is a device used to measure the pressure. It consists of a U shaped device of glass which is filled with high density liquid, mercury.
Thus, the manometer is used to measure the pressure of a gas supply. The changes that give a greater value of height using a less dense liquid.
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What is deforestation?
A
the process of finding medicine ingredients in the rainforest
B
the planting of new trees on empty land
с
the process by which trees soak up carbon dioxide
D
the cutting down of existing forests
Answers
Answer:
D.
Explanation:
The action of clearing a wide area of trees.
Deforestation is the action of clearing a wide area of trees.