Scientists have discovered marine fossils in rock layers all over the world. The discovery is supported by the story of what in the Bible A Adam and Eve B Cain and Abel C Noah’s ark d Daniel in the lion’s den

Answer:

              tert-Butylbenzene (MAJOR)

              Isobutylbenzene (MINOR)

Explanation:

                     This electrophilic substitution reaction. The electrophile generated is attacked by benzene and substituted with H. As shown in attached image, the electrophile generated is primary carbocation which is less stable. This primary carbocation rearranges into a tertiary carbocation by a proton shift. Hence, giving trans-butylbenzene as a major product.

Dashed - H2O

Gray - Hydrogen

Black - Oxygen

A water molecule is formed by the chemical bonding of two hydrogen atoms (H) and one oxygen atom (O). The chemical formula for water is H2O.

The two hydrogen atoms are covalently bonded to the oxygen atom, meaning they share electrons to form a stable molecule. The oxygen atom has a strong attraction for electrons, and it pulls the shared electrons closer to itself, giving it a partial negative charge. The hydrogen atoms, on the other hand, have a partial positive charge.

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Hydroelectric Power: Harnessing Nature’s Energy

Let's imagine a huge wall blocking a river. On one side, the water level is high, and on the other, it's low. Now imagine that this wall has a mechanism to let the water flow from the high side to the low side, and in the process, it produces electricity. This is, in simple terms, how a hydroelectric power plant works!

Hydroelectric power plants work by using water to turn turbines that generate electricity. They are often built with dams, which are like giant walls across rivers. The dams are essential because they raise the water level on one side, creating a reservoir or a lake. This reservoir stores a huge amount of potential energy. When the water is released, it flows down through turbines, and this energy is converted into mechanical energy. The turbines are connected to generators, which turn the mechanical energy into electricity.

Now, let's talk about some of the environmental and economic benefits of hydroelectricity. It's like hitting two birds with one stone! Firstly, hydroelectric power doesn’t produce greenhouse gases or pollutants during operation, which means it’s much cleaner for our air compared to coal or gas power plants. For example, the Itaipu Dam in Brazil and Paraguay is a great case study. It generates so much electricity from hydro power that it reduces CO2 emissions equivalent to what 21.6 million cars would produce in a year!

Another economic benefit is that the electricity produced is usually cheaper in the long run. Hydroelectric plants have high upfront costs but can operate for a very long time. The Hoover Dam in the USA, built in the 1930s, still generates electricity at low cost, providing power to millions of homes.

However, there is no such thing as a free lunch. There are also environmental and cultural disadvantages to hydroelectric power. When a dam is built, the area behind it gets flooded. This means that plants, animals, and even people's homes can be submerged. For instance, the Three Gorges Dam in China displaced over 1.2 million people and flooded archaeological sites. Additionally, dams can impact fish populations. In the United States, salmon populations in the Pacific Northwest have decreased partly because dams block their migration routes.

Dams also affect the natural flow of rivers, which can have far-reaching consequences for ecosystems. The Aswan Dam in Egypt, for example, has reduced the fertility of the Nile Delta because the nutrients that used to flow down the river and enrich the soil are now trapped behind the dam.

In conclusion, hydroelectric power is an incredible way to generate clean energy, but it's important to weigh these benefits against the environmental and cultural costs. Finding ways to mitigate the negative impacts or looking at alternative renewable energy sources can help us move towards a more sustainable future.

*Keep in mind, you should paraphrase this or use it as your frame of reference, otherwise it would be plain plagiarism.*

The power of water has been harnessed by humans for centuries to generate electricity, and hydroelectric power is a renewable and sustainable energy source that has been used for many years. In this essay, we will explore the inner workings of hydroelectric power plants, the advantages and disadvantages of this energy source, and the potential it holds for a sustainable energy future. Hydroelectric power plants use the force of falling water to turn turbines, generating electricity through a process that is clean and efficient. Dams are built as part of large hydropower plants to control the flow of water and store it for later use. When the water is released from the dam, it flows through a penstock and turns the turbine, which generates electricity. Moreover, hydropower plants can be easily adjusted to meet peak demand for electricity, making them a valuable source of reliable and flexible energy.

One of the main advantages of hydroelectricity is its sustainability. Water is a renewable resource that is constantly replenished by the water cycle, making hydropower an almost infinite source of energy. Additionally, hydropower plants can provide a range of ecosystem services, such as flood control, irrigation, and recreation. For example, the Itapúa Dam on the Paraná River in Brazil provides water for irrigation, supports local fishing industries, and generates electricity for millions of homes. Nevertheless, there are also environmental and cultural drawbacks to hydropower. Large dams can cause significant harm to river ecosystems, altering the natural flow of water and affecting the habitats of fish and other aquatic species. Moreover, the construction of dams can displace local communities and destroy cultural heritage sites. For example, the construction of the Three Gorges Dam in China has caused the displacement of over one million people and has destroyed numerous cultural heritage sites.

Despite these challenges, the potential of hydroelectric power for a sustainable energy future cannot be ignored. As we move towards a world that is less reliant on fossil fuels, hydropower can play a critical role in providing clean, renewable, and reliable energy. Furthermore, new technologies are being developed to reduce the environmental impact of hydropower, such as fish ladders and other measures to support fish migration. Furthermore, hydroelectric power is a powerful and sustainable source of energy that harnesses the power of falling water to generate electricity. Although there are challenges associated with hydropower, such as the environmental and cultural impacts of large dams, the benefits of this energy source are significant. As we continue to seek sustainable solutions to our energy needs, hydroelectric power will undoubtedly play a critical role in meeting our energy demands while also protecting the environment and supporting economic growth.

Thank you, I genuinely hope this helps.

Answer:   m =  4.2 gAgCl

Explanation:  

Answer:

6.564×10¹⁶ fg.

Explanation:

The following data were obtained from the question:

Mass of beaker = 76.9 g

Mass of beaker + salt = 142.54 g

Mass of salt in fg =?

Next, we shall determine the mass of the salt in grams (g). This can be obtained as follow:

Mass of beaker = 76.9 g

Mass of beaker + salt = 142.54 g

Mass of salt =?

Mass of salt = (Mass of beaker + salt) – (Mass of beaker)

Mass of salt = 142.54 – 76.9

Mass of salt = 65.64 g

Finally, we shall convert 65.64 g to femtograms (fg) as illustrated below:

Recall:

1 g = 1×10¹⁵ fg

Therefore,

65.64 g = 65.64 g × 1×10¹⁵ fg / 1g

65.64 g = 6.564×10¹⁶ fg

Therefore, the mass of the salt is 6.564×10¹⁶ fg.

Answer:

first choice

Explanation:

energy is written on the left side is its absorbed

2 elements came together so bonds are formed.

Answer:

dunno

Explanation:

Answer:

  -172.6 °C

Explanation:

You want to know the Celsius equivalent of the temperature 100.6 K.

The relation is ...

  C = K - 273.15

  C = 100.6 -273.15 = -172.55

The temperature is -172.55 °C, about -172.6 °C.

__

Additional comment

We have rounded to tenths, because that is precision of the temperature given. If you use 273 as the conversion constant, you will get -172.4.

Considering the definition of atomic mass, isotopes and atomic mass of an element, the isotope 210-X has a percent natural abundance of 90% and the isotope 212-X has a percent natural abundance of 10%.

The atomic mass is obtained by adding the number of protons and neutrons in a given nucleus of a chemical element.

Isotopes are called atoms of the same element, whose nuclei have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons, and therefore differ in mass number.

The atomic masses of chemical elements are calculated as the weighted average of the masses of the different isotopes of each element, taking into account the relative abundance of each of them.

In this case, you know:

Then, the average mass of X can be expressed as:

210 amu×x + 212 amu×(1 -x)= 210.2 amu

210 amu×x + 212 amu×1 -212 amu×x= 210.2 amu

210 amu×x + 212 amu -212 amu×x= 210.2 amu

210 amu×x -212 amu×x= 210.2 amu - 212 amu

(-2 amu)x= -1.8 amu

x= (-1.8 amu)÷ (-2 amu)

x= 0.9= 90%

Finally, the relative abundance of the isotopes is:

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The growth of the new plant depicts the asexual reproduction characteristic. The characteristic that describes the growth of the new plant in Stephan's mother cutting a twig from a rose bush and planting it in the soil is asexual reproduction.

Asexual reproduction is the mode of reproduction by which organisms generate offspring that are identical to the parent's without the fusion of gametes. Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction in which the offspring is produced from a single parent.

The offspring created are clones of the parent plant, meaning they are identical to the parent.The new plant in Stephan’s mother cutting a twig from a rose bush and planting it in the soil depicts the process of asexual reproduction, which is the ability of a plant to reproduce without seeds. In asexual reproduction, plants can reproduce vegetatively by cloning themselves using their roots, bulbs, or stems.

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K and Br

Ionic bonds form through the transfer of electrons.

Ionic Bonds

Ionic bonds form when 2 atoms or molecules transfer electrons between each other. This transfer of electrons changes the atoms into ions. Ions are charged particles, and where ionic bonds get their name from. In an ionic bond, one atom will lose electrons and become positively charged; this particle is known as a cation. The atom that gains electrons and becomes negatively charged is known as an anion.

Identifying Ionic Bonds

One of the easiest ways to identify an ionic bond is by identifying the types of atoms that are bonding. In most cases, when a metal and nonmetal bond, an ionic bond will form. This is due to the large difference in electronegativity between metals and nonmetals. This leads to the metal being a cation and the nonmetal being an anion. Since K (potassium) is a metal and Br (bromine) is a nonmental, they will form an ionic bond.

To find metals and nonmetals we can look at the periodic table. Metals are on the left side of the table and make up the majority of the elements. Nonmetals are on the right side of the table.

Answer:

0.00133 g/cm^3 or 28.97 g/mol.

Explanation:

To solve the problem, we'll need to use the ideal gas law: PV = nRT

Where:

P = Pressure (we'll assume atmospheric pressure, since it's not specified in the problem)

V = Volume (1.05 x 10^3 cm^3)

n = moles of gas

R = Gas Constant (0.08206 L.atm/K.mol)

T = Temperature (25 + 273.15 K = 298.15 K)

First, let's find the mass of the gas alone:

Mass of gas = Mass of container + gas - Mass of container Mass of gas = 837.6 g - 836.2 g

Mass of gas = 1.4 g

Next, we need to find the number of moles of gas:

n = m/M

where: m = mass of gas (1.4 g) M = molar mass of the gas (unknown)

We don't know the molar mass of the gas yet, so let's rearrange the ideal gas law to solve for it:

M = m/ (n/V) RT

Substitute the values we know so far:

M = 1.4 g / [(n/V)RT]

We'll need to find n/V to substitute into the equation. This can be found using the density formula:

Density = mass/volume

Rearrange the formula to solve for n/V:

n/V = Density / Molar mass

Substitute the values we know:

Density = mass/volume = 1.4 g / 1.05 x 10^3 cm^3

Density = 0.00133 g/cm^3

Substitute this value into the formula to find n/V: n/V = 0.00133 g/cm^3 / M

Substitute n/V into the equation to solve for M: M = 1.4 g / [(0.00133 g/cm^3 / M) (0.08206 L.atm/K.mol) (298.15 K) (1 cm^3 / 1 x 10^-6 L)]

Simplifying this equation gives: M = 28.97 g/mol

Therefore, the molar mass of the gas is approximately 28.97 g/mol.

Answer:

i.2iu

Explanation:

The molarity of the weak acid HA can be calculated from the volume and molarity of NaOH by which the number of moles of HA can be calculated. From the number of moles and a weight of 2.60 g, the obtained molar mass 159.50 g/mol

Molarity of of solution is the number of solutes per volume of solution in liters. In a titration, the product volume and molarity of the titrant is equal to the product of volume and molarity of the analyte.

The volume and molarity of NaOH is given 32.6 ml and 0.500 M. The molarity of 100 ml of weak acid HA is calculated as follows:

Molarity of HA = (32.6 ml × 0.500 M) /100 ml

                       = 0.163 M.

From the molarity the number of moles of HA can be calculated by multiplying molarity with volume in liter.

number of moles = molarity × volume

                            = 0.163 M  × 0.1 L.

                            = 0.0163 moles.

It is given that the weight of HA is 2.60 g. Thus molar mass can find out by dividing the weight by number of moles.

molar mass of HA = 2.60 g/ 0.0163 moles

                             = 159.50 g/mol.

At the end point the acid is neutralised by the base, hence the solution is neutral.

Hence, the molar mass of the weak acid HA is 159.50 g/mol.

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Answer:

1. In order to reach equilibrium COCl₂(g) must be consumed.

B. False

2. In order to reach equilibrium Kc must increase.

B. False .

3. In order to reach equilibrium CO must be consumed.

A. True.

4. Qc is greater than Kc.

A. True

5. The reaction is at equilibrium. No further reaction will occur.

B. False.

Explanation:

Based on the reaction:

COCl₂(g) → CO (g) + Cl₂(g)

And Kc is defined as:

Kc = 1.29x10⁻² = [CO] [Cl₂] / [COCl₂]

Molar concentrations of each species are:

[COCl₂] = 0.104 moles of COCl₂ / 1L = 0.104M

[CO] = 4.66×10⁻² moles of CO / 1L = 4.66×10⁻²M

[Cl₂] = 3.76×10⁻² moles of Cl₂ / 1L = 3.76×10⁻²M

Replacing in Kc formula:

4.66×10⁻²M × 3.76×10⁻²M / 0.104M = 1.68x10⁻²

As the concentrations are not in equilibrium, 1.68x10⁻² is defined as the reaction quotient, Qc.

As Qc > Kc, the reaction will shift to the left producing more COCl₂ and consuming CO and Cl₂. Thus

1. In order to reach equilibrium COCl₂(g) must be consumed.

B. False

2. In order to reach equilibrium Kc must increase.

B. False . Kc is a constant that never change.

3. In order to reach equilibrium CO must be consumed.

A. True.

4. Qc is greater than Kc.

A. True

5. The reaction is at equilibrium. No further reaction will occur.

B. False. The reaction is in equilibrium when Qc = Kc

Answer:

74%

Explanation:

Step 1: Write the balanced equation

2 C₆H₁₀(l) + 17 O₂(g) ⇒ 12 CO₂(g) + 10 H₂O(g)

Step 2: Determine the limiting reactant

The theoretical mass ratio (TMR) of C₆H₁₀ to O₂ is 164:544 = 0.301:1.

The experimental mass ratio (EMR) of C₆H₁₀ to O₂ is 115:199 = 0.578:1.

Since EMR > TMR, the limiting reactant is O₂.

Step 3: Calculate the theoretical yield of H₂O

The theoretical mass ratio of O₂ to H₂O 544:180.

199 g O₂ × 180 g H₂O/544 g O₂ = 65.8 g H₂O

Step 4: Calculate the percent yield of H₂O

%yield = (experimental yield/theoretical yield) × 100%

%yield = (49 g/65.8 g) × 100% = 74%

Answer:

Percentage yield of H₂O = 74.24%

Explanation:

The balanced equation for the reaction is given below:

2C₆H₁₀ + 17O₂ —> 12CO₂ + 10H₂O

Next, we shall determine the masses of C₆H₁₀ and O₂ that reacted and the mass of H₂O produced from the balanced equation. This is can be obtained as follow:

Molar mass of C₆H₁₀ = 82 g/mol

Mass of C₆H₁₀ from the balanced equation = 2 × 82 = 164 g

Molar mass of O₂ = 32 g/mol

Mass of O₂ from the balanced equation = 17 × 32 = 544 g

Molar mass of H₂O = 18 g/mol

Mass of H₂O from the balanced equation = 10 × 18 = 180 g

SUMMARY:

From the balanced equation above,

164 g of C₆H₁₀ reacted with 544 g of O₂ to produce 180 g of H₂O.

Next, we shall determine the limiting reactant. This can be obtained as follow:

From the balanced equation above,

164 g of C₆H₁₀ reacted with 544 g of O₂.

Therefore, 115 g of C₆H₁₀ will react to produce = (115 × 544)/164 = 381 g of O₂.

From the calculations made above, we can see that a higher mass (i.e 381 g) of O₂ than what was given (i.e 199 g) is needed to react with 115 g of C₆H₁₀.

Therefore, O₂ is the limiting reactant and C₆H₁₀ is the excess reactant.

Next, we shall determine the theoretical yield of H₂O. This can be obtained by using the limiting reactant as shown below:

From the balanced equation above,

544 g of O₂ reacted to produce 180 g of H₂O.

Therefore, 199 g of O₂ will react to produce = (199 × 180)/544 = 66 g of H₂O.

Thus, the theoretical yield of H₂O is 66 g.

Finally, we shall determine the percentage yield. This can be obtained as follow:

Actual yield of H₂O = 49 g

Theoretical yield of H₂O = 66 g

Percentage yield of H₂O =?

Percentage yield = Actual yield /Theoretical yield × 100

Percentage yield of H₂O = 49/66 × 100

Percentage yield of H₂O = 74.24%

Answer:

Explanation:

An element with 70 protons and a mass of 170 would be considered radioactive.

In general, an element with an atomic number (number of protons) greater than 82 tends to be radioactive. Since the element in question has 70 protons, which is less than 82, it does not fall into the category of naturally radioactive elements. However, it is important to note that the stability of an element also depends on the balance between protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Without information about the number of neutrons in the nucleus, we cannot determine the stability of this specific element definitively.

To determine the volume of O2 required to synthesize 11.0 mol of NO, we need to use the ideal gas law equation:

PV = nRT

Where:

P = Pressure (in this case, 760. mmHg)

V = Volume

n = Number of moles (11.0 mol of NO)

R = Ideal gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K))

T = Temperature (27 ∘C = 27 + 273 = 300 K)

Rearranging the equation to solve for V:

V = (nRT) / P

Substituting the given values:

V = (11.0 mol) * (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K)) * (300 K) / (760. mmHg)

Note that we need to convert the pressure from mmHg to atm:

1 atm = 760 mmHg

V = (11.0 mol) * (0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K)) * (300 K) / (760/760)

Simplifying the equation:

V = 3.44 L

Therefore, the volume of O2 required to synthesize 11.0 mol of NO at 760. mmHg and 27 ∘C is 3.44 L.

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Based on the electronic configuration of Germanium which is 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰4s²4p², the orbitals containing the valence electrons are the 4s and 4p orbitals.

Electronic configuration is the arrangements of electrons in orbits or electron shells around the nucleus of an atom.

The electronic configuration an atom describes the number of electrons present in the atom as well as the number of valence electrons in the atom.

The electronic configuration of atoms serves as the basis of the periodic table where elements with the same number of valence electrons belong to the same group and elements with the same number of of electron shells are found in the same period.

The electronic configuration of Germanium is as follows:

From the above electronic configuration, the valence electrons of germanium are found in the 4s and 4p orbitals.

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Lead bromide is 0.013 Molar solubilized in a 0.500 M Lead(II) nitrate solution.

the Ksp is calculated using the molar solubility. The quantity of moles that dissolve in one litre of solution is known as a substance's molar solubility. This value can be fairly high, often exceeding 10.0 moles per litre of solution, for particularly soluble compounds (such sodium nitrate, Sodium nitrate). The equilibrium between an ionic solid and its ions in solution is shown by this statement.

[Lead(2+)] = 0.500 M

[Bromine-] = 2x

Substituting these values in the solubility product expression:

Ksp = [Lead(2+)][Bromine-]²

6.60×10⁻⁶ = (0.500)(2x)²

Solving for 'x', we get:

x = 0.013 M

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2.65g/ml is the density of a piece of granite whose volume is 20 mL and mass is 53grams. Density is the mass of a specific material per unit volume.

Density is the mass of a specific material per unit volume. Density is defined as d = M/V, in which d represents density, M is weight, as well as V is volume. Density is generally expressed in grams every cubic centimetre. Water, for example, has a density of 1 gram per square centimeter, but Earth has a density of 5.51 kilograms per cubic centimetre.

Density is sometimes measured in kilos per cubic centimeter (in metre-kilogram-second or SI units). The density of air, for example, is 1.2 kilos per cubic metre. 

density = mass / volume

            =53/ 20

            =2.65g/ml

Therefore, 2.65g/ml is the density of a piece of granite whose volume is 20 mL and mass is 53grams.

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The lower bond energy of the silicanes make them more reactive than the alkanes.

We know that the members of group four has the ability to catenate and this is a property that characterizes all the elements that we can find in the group. However the extent to which the members of the group can be able to catenate is what we use to determine the stability of the bonds.

The alkanes are composed of the bonds that exist between carbon and hydrogen and the alkanes can be able to form very long chains and this can be used to explain the fact that you can be able to find the alkanes in various kinds of applications.

However, the bond energy of the silicanes is less than that of the alkanes hence they tend to be more reactive  then the alkanes.

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The viscosity, which affects the amount of friction between water molecules, also plays a role. Despite the low viscosity of water, friction is still a problem. All moving fluids constantly lose energy as a result of rubbing against their surroundings. Water will move from high-energy regions to low-energy ones.

When it comes to confined aquifers, the situation becomes much more complicated, but we still need to understand how they function because they are significant water sources. demonstrates that even if the geological materials at the surface have very low permeability, there is always a water table. This aquifer will have its own "water table," which is actually called a potentiometric surface because it is a measure of the total potential energy of the water, wherever there is a confined aquifer, which is one that is separated from the surface by a confining layer. The potentiometric surface for the confined aquifer  as a red dashed line. It represents the total energy that the water is under. inside the restricted aquifer. The water will rise to the water table if we drill a well into the unconfined aquifer. But if we drill a well into the confined aquifer through both the confining layer and the unconfined aquifer, the water will rise to the level of the potentiometric surface above the top of the confined aquifer. Due to the fact that the water rises above the aquifer's surface, this is referred to as an artesian well.

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According to stoichiometry, the mass of phosphorus would be present in the sample is 77.66 grams.

It is the determination of proportions of elements or compounds in a chemical reaction. The related relations are based on law of conservation of mass and law of combining weights and volumes.

Stoichiometry is used in quantitative analysis for measuring concentrations of substances present in the sample.

In the given example, 98 g of phosphorous acid has 30 g phosphorous, thus 253.7 g sample of phosphorous acid will have 253.7×30/98=77.66 grams.

Thus, the mass of phosphorus would be present in the sample is 77.66 grams.

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To prepare a buffer with a pH of 7.2, the best conjugate pair to use would be H2PO4- (acid) and HPO42- (base). To prepare the buffer solution, a solution of H2PO4- would be prepared and then neutralized. The ratio of base to acid would be 1.

(a) This is because the pKa of H2PO4- is 7.2, which is closest to the desired pH value of 7.2. A buffer solution consists of a weak acid and its conjugate base, and its pH is determined by the relative amounts of the two species present in the solution. By choosing a conjugate pair with a pKa value close to the desired pH, the buffer will be most effective in resisting changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.

(b) To prepare the buffer solution, a solution of H2PO4- would be prepared and then neutralized with the appropriate amount of NaHPO4 (the salt of the conjugate base HPO42-). The ratio of base to acid would be determined by the desired pH and the pKa of the acid. The formula for the ratio of base to acid in a buffer solution is given:

In this case, the desired pH is 7.2 and the pKa of H2PO4- is 7.2, so \(Base/Acid = 10^{7.2 - 7.2}\) = 1. This means that equal amounts of H2PO4- and HPO42- would be present in the buffer solution.

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Answer:

high tides are a little higher and low tides are a little lower than average

Explanation:

A spring tide is the highest tide (when the greatest difference between the high and low tides). This happens during the new and full moon.

Answer: It's worth noting that low tides can sometimes be lower than usual, which is referred to as spring tides. Despite its name, this phenomenon isn't related to spring and has a different historical origin.

The chemical equation for the reaction 2H⁺(aq) + S₂⁻(aq) → H₂S(g) can be represented as 2H⁺(aq) + S₂⁻(aq) → H₂S(g).

A chemical equation uses symbols and formulas to express a chemical reaction. It displays the products on the right side of the arrow and the reactants on the left.

For example, in the chemical equation

2H₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2H₂O(l),

represents the reaction between hydrogen gas (H2) and oxygen gas (O₂) to produce liquid water (H₂O). The coefficient "2" in front of H₂ and H₂O indicates that two molecules of hydrogen gas and two molecules of water are involved in the reaction.

The equation is balanced using coefficients to make sure that each element has the same amount of atoms on both sides. The substances involved in the reaction and their stoichiometric relationship are described by chemical equations.

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Considering the definition of empirical and molecular formula,  the molecular formula is P₇N₇O₁₄.

The empirical formula is the simplest expression to represent a chemical compound, which indicates the elements that are present and the minimum proportion in whole numbers that exist between its atoms, that is, the subscripts of chemical formulas are reduced to the most integers. small as possible.

The molecular formula is the chemical formula that indicates the number and type of different atoms present in the molecule. The molecular formula is the actual number of atoms that make up a molecule.

In other words, the molecular formula is the actual formula of the molecule and is made up of the symbols that represent the chemical elements and the subscripts that indicate the number of atoms of each element that participate in the formation of the molecule.

In this case, you know:

Assuming a 100 grams sample, the percentages match the grams in the sample. So you have 26.7 grams of P, 12.1 grams of N and 61.2 grams of Cl.

Then it is possible to calculate the number of moles of each atom in the molecule, taking into account the corresponding molar mass:

P: \(\frac{26.7 g}{31\frac{g}{mol} }\)= 0.86 moles

N: \(\frac{12.1 g}{14\frac{g}{mol} }\)= 0.86 moles

O: \(\frac{61.2 g}{35.45\frac{g}{mol} }\)= 1.72 moles

The empirical formula must be expressed using whole number relationships, for this the numbers of moles are divided by the smallest result of those obtained. In this case:

P: \(\frac{0.86 moles}{0.86 moles }\)= 1

N: \(\frac{0.86 moles}{0.86 moles }\)= 1

O: \(\frac{1.72 moles}{0.86 mole}\)= 2

Therefore the P: N: O mole ratio is 1: 1: 2

Then, the empirical formula is P₁N₁O₂= PNO₂, with a empirical mass of 31 g/mol + 14 g/mol + 2× 35.45 g/mol= 115.9 g/mol

The molecular formula can be calculated as MF= n(EF)

where:

In this case, the value n can be calculated:

n= 812 g/mol÷ 115.9 g/mol

Solving:

n= 7

Then, the molecular formula can be calculated as MF= 7×EF

Finally, the molecular formula is P₇N₇O₁₄.

Learn more empirical formula and molecular formula:

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Answer:

1. is Molar (with capital M)

2. is molal (m)

Explanation:

By definition, 1 Molar solutions have 1 mol of solute in 1 L of solution and 1 molal solutions have 1 mol of solute in 1 Kg of solvent

Answer:

Wadding is a disc of material used in guns to seal gas behind a projectile or to separate powder from shot. ... Wadding for muzzleloaders is typically a small piece of cloth, or paper wrapping from the cartridge.

Explanation: