Reactants are the ____________ , or substances, that are present ____________ of the chemical reaction; they are usually written on the ____________ side of the equation. Products are substances that are present ____________ of the chemical reaction, and they are generally written on the ____________ side of the equation. A generic chemical reaction can be written: A B ----> C In this reaction, A and B are the ____________ and C is the ____________ . In a balanced equation, the number of elements on the product side of the reaction ____________ the number of elements on the reactant side.

Answer:

Lithium will lose about 2 electrons

Making it a cation

Answer:

about three

Explanation:

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Answer:

B is correct answer because The enthalpy is negative so this means the reaction produces heat and the reaction is exothermic

The values of all sub-parts have been obtained.

(a) The 6.04 amol/vescile of epinephrine are in each vesicle.

(b) The 3637892 molecules of epinephrine are in each vesicle.

(c) The volume of a spherical vesicle is V = 3.34 × 10⁻¹⁷ L.

(d) The concentration of epinephrine = 0.30 M.

What is molar concentration.

A chemical species' concentration, specifically the amount of a solute per unit volume of solution, is measured by its molar concentration. The number of moles per litre, denoted by the unit sign mol/L or mol/dm3 in SI units, is the most often used molarity unit in chemistry.

(a) Evaluate that how many attomoles (amol) of epinephrine are in each vesicle?

As given,

1 fmol = 10⁻¹⁵ mol

1 amol = 10⁻¹⁸ mol

Number of attomoles epinephrine:

= 151 fmol × (10⁻¹⁵ mol)/ 1 fmol × 1amol/10⁻¹⁸ mol

= 151000 amol

Number of attomoles of epinephrine in each vescile:

= 151000 amol/2.5 × 10⁴ vescile

= 6.04 amol/vescile.

(b) Evaluate that how many molecules of epinephrine are in each vesicle?

Number of molecules present in 1 mol of epinephrine:

     = 6.04/vescile × [(10⁻¹⁵ mol)/ 1 fmol] × [6.023 × 10²³ molecules/1 mol]

     = 3637892

(c) Evaluate the volume of a spherical vesicle of radius 200 nm.

Radius of spherical vescile is 2.00 × 10⁻⁷ m

Volume of the spherical vescile is,

V = 4/3 πr³

Substitute value of r respectively,

V = 4/3 π(2.00 × 10⁻⁷ )³

V = 3.34 × 10⁻²⁰ m³

V = 3.34 × 10⁻¹⁷ L

(d) Evaluate the molar concentration of epinephrine in the vesicle if it contains 10 amol of epinephrine.

Number of moles epinephrine = 10 amol

= 1.00 × 10⁻¹⁷mol

Volume of the spherical vescile = 3.34 × 10⁻¹⁷ L

Concentration of epinephrine = (1.00 × 10⁻¹⁷mol)/(3.34 × 10⁻¹⁷ L)

Concentration of epinephrine = 0.30 M

Hence, the values of all sub-parts have been obtained.

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Answer:

a) 0.06 mol K₂(CO₃) and 0.07 mol Al(NO₃)₃

b) The limiting reactant is K₂CO₃

c) 0.03 moles of Al₂(CO₃)₃

Explanation:

The balanced reaction between K₂CO₃ and Al(NO₃)₃ is the following:

3 K₂CO₃ + 2 Al(NO₃)₃ → Al₂(CO₃)₃ + 6 KNO₃

(a) We can calculate the moles for each reactant as the product of the molarity (M) and the volume (V) in liters.

K₂(CO₃): M = 2.4 mol/L , V = 25 mL x 1 L/1000 mL = 0.025 L

⇒ moles K₂(CO₃) = M x V = 2.4 mol/L x 0.025 L = 0.06 mol K₂(CO₃)

Al(NO₃)₃: M = 2.0 mol/L , V = 35 mL x 1 L/1000 mL = 0.035 L

⇒ moles Al(NO₃)₃ = M x V = 2.0 mol/L x 0.035 L = 0.07 mol Al(NO₃)₃

(b) According to the balanced equation, the stoichiometric ratio is 3 moles K₂CO₃/2 moles Al(NO₃)₃. We have 0.07 moles of Al(NO₃)₃, so we multiply the moles of Al(NO₃)₃ by the stiochiometric ratio to calculate how many moles of K₂CO₃ are needed:

0.07 mol Al(NO₃)₃ x 3 mol K₂CO₃/2 mol Al(NO₃)₃ = 0.105 moles of K₂CO₃

We need 0.105 moles of K₂CO₃ but we have only 0.06 moles of K₂CO₃. Therefore, the limiting reactant is K₂CO₃.

(c) We use the limiting reactant to calculate how many moles of product (Al₂(CO₃)₃) are formed. According to the equation, 2 moles of K₂CO₃ produce 1 mol of Al₂(CO₃)₃, thus the stoichiometric ratio is 1 mol Al₂(CO₃)₃/2 moles K₂CO₃. We have 0.06 moles of K₂CO₃, so the number of moles of Al₂(CO₃)₃ will be:

0.06 moles K₂CO₃ x 1 mol Al₂(CO₃)₃/2 moles K₂CO₃ = 0.03 moles of Al₂(CO₃)₃

A basic amino acid has an R group that contains ( D) a carboxyl group.

Acid is a substance that has a pH level of lower than 7.0 and is capable of corroding or dissolving other substances. It is usually found in aqueous solutions and is a highly reactive substance. Examples of acid include sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and acetic acid. These are used in a variety of industries such as food production, industrial cleaning and chemical engineering. Acid is also used in the laboratory for titrations, pH testing and other experiments. Acids can be dangerous if mishandled and can cause skin, eye and respiratory irritation and even chemical burns.

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Accrued expenses is the most likely item on the income statement and balance sheet to vary spontaneously with sales (option 3).

Accrued expenses refer to an expense that a company has incurred but has not yet paid for. For example, wages that employees have earned but not yet received payment for, rent, interest, and taxes that have been accrued but not yet paid are all examples of accrued expenses.

Accrued expenses are spontaneous liabilities, which means they vary in proportion to a company's sales volume. The higher the sales, the more the company is likely to owe in accrued expenses. The company must record the accrued expenses as liabilities on the balance sheet and as expenses on the income statement.

Accrued expenses are likely to increase when sales volume increases, and they decrease when sales volume decreases. It means that accrued expenses are the most likely item on the income statement and balance sheet to vary spontaneously with sales.

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NaHCO3(s) + HC2H3O2(aq) → CO2(g) + H2O(l) + NaC2H3O2(aq)

This equation represents the reaction of baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) with vinegar (acetic acid) to generate carbon dioxide gas, water, and sodium acetate.

The balanced equation for the reaction of NaHCO3(s) with HC2H3O2(aq) including phase symbols is

NaHCO3(s) + HC2H3O2(aq) → CO2(g) + H2O(l) + NaC2H3O2(aq)

Baking soda, also known as sodium bicarbonate, is a white, crystalline powder with the chemical formula NaHCO3. It is an alkaline substance that neutralizes acids.

Vinegar is mostly composed of acetic acid, HC2H3O2, which is a weak acid. Vinegar has a sour flavor and a strong smell due to the presence of acetic acid.

NaHCO3(s) + HC2H3O2(aq) → CO2(g) + H2O(l) + NaC2H3O2(aq)  This equation represents the reaction of baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) with vinegar (acetic acid) to generate carbon dioxide gas, water, and sodium acetate. When the baking soda and vinegar are combined, a chemical reaction occurs, causing carbon dioxide gas bubbles to form. This is due to the reaction between the acid and base in the mixture, which generates carbon dioxide gas as a byproduct. This reaction is commonly used in baking as a leavening agent to make cakes, muffins, and other baked goods rise.

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Taking into account the definition of density, the density of the regular solid is 0.84 g/cm³.

Density is defined as the property that indicates the amount of mass in a certain volume of a substance.

The expression for the calculation of density is the quotient between the mass of a body and the volume it occupies:

density= mass÷ volume

In this case, you know that:

Replacing in the definition of density:

density= 296.3 g÷ 352. 261 cm³

Solving:

density= 0.84 g/cm³

In summary, the density of the regular solid is 0.84 g/cm³.

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Plastic is a highly versatile material that has many useful properties. Three properties of plastic that make it a useful material include its durability, flexibility, and ability to be molded into various shapes and sizes. Plastic is also lightweight and can be made transparent, making it ideal for many different applications.

However, when plastic gets into the environment, it can have negative consequences. Plastic does not biodegrade and can persist in the environment for hundreds of years. It can also break down into smaller pieces known as microplastics, which can be ingested by wildlife and enter the food chain. Additionally, plastic pollution can harm ecosystems and damage habitats, leading to long-term environmental impacts. Therefore, it is important to reduce plastic use and properly dispose of plastic waste to minimize its negative effects on the environment.

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Answer:

P₂ = 80 KPa

Boyle's law is applied.

Explanation:

Given data:

Initial volume = 180 L

Initial pressure = 35.5 KPa

Final pressure = ?

Final volume = 80.0 L

Solution:

The given problem will be solved through the Boyle's law,

"The volume of given amount of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure by keeping the temperature and number of moles constant"

Mathematical expression:

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

P₁ = Initial pressure

V₁ = initial volume

P₂ = final pressure

V₂ = final volume  

Now we will put the values in formula,

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

35.5 KPa × 180 L = P₂ × 80.0 L

P₂ = 6390 KPa. L/ 80.0 L

P₂ = 80 KPa

Aerobes are organisms that require oxygen to grow and survive. The correct answer is: aerobes.

They have metabolic pathways that depend on the presence of oxygen for efficient energy production through aerobic respiration. Without oxygen, aerobes cannot carry out their metabolic processes effectively.

Facultative anaerobes, on the other hand, can grow and survive in the presence or absence of oxygen. They have the ability to switch between aerobic and anaerobic metabolic pathways depending on the availability of oxygen. In the presence of oxygen, facultative anaerobes can utilize aerobic respiration, and in the absence of oxygen, they can switch to anaerobic fermentation.

Anaerobes are organisms that do not require oxygen for growth and can even be inhibited or killed by its presence. They have metabolic pathways that allow them to carry out fermentation or other anaerobic processes for energy production.

Therefore, the correct answer is aerobes, as they specifically require oxygen to grow.

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Answer: B 8.40 g

Explanation:

Answer:

In the early 1900s, Ernest Rutherford studied (among other things) the organization of the atom — the fundamental particle of the natural world. Though atoms cannot be seen with the naked eye, they can be studied with the tools of science since they are part of the natural world.

The type of bond that forms a structure often described as an electron sea is a metallic bond. It occurs between metal atoms within a metallic solid.

In such a bond, the valence electrons of the metal atoms are delocalized and free to move throughout the entire solid lattice.

The metal atoms are held together by a "sea" of shared electrons, creating a strong bonding force.

This electron sea allows for high electrical and thermal conductivity in metals since the delocalized electrons can easily move and carry electrical current or heat.

It also gives metals their characteristic malleability and ductility, as the mobile electrons allow atoms to slide past each other without breaking the bond.

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The standard enthalpy of formation (ΔHf°) is the enthalpy change that occurs when one mole of a compound is formed from its constituent elements, under standard conditions (usually at 25°C and 1 atm pressure).

The equation for the standard enthalpy of formation of liquid carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) can be written as:

CCl4 (l) → CCl4 (l) ΔHf° = ?

In this equation, the reactant is the hypothetical elemental form of carbon (C) and chlorine (Cl2), and the product is liquid carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The ΔHf° value represents the enthalpy change associated with the formation of one mole of liquid carbon tetrachloride from its constituent elements, at standard conditions.

The specific value of the standard enthalpy of formation of liquid carbon tetrachloride (ΔHf°) can be obtained from reliable sources such as thermodynamic databases or experimental measurements. It represents the energy change associated with the formation of the compound and is usually expressed in units of kilojoules per mole (kJ/mol).

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The decreasing order of viscosity of the given liquids is as glycerol, ethylene glycol, and ethanol.

Viscosity is the resistance of a fluid to change shape or flow when compared to other liquids. So the fluid with high viscosity will have low fluidity. The main reason for increased viscosity will be due to the molecular interactions . Viscosity can also be defined as the ease with which the molecules can move concerning one another. That means the more the interaction between molecules, the more viscosity.

In the case of the given liquids, all have OH groups, which could result in hydrogen bonding. So more the hydroxyl groups, the more the hydrogen bonding, the more interaction, and high the viscosity. Here glycerol has three OH groups, So it will have the highest viscosity. The ethylene glycol with two OH groups comes second and then ethanol.

So the decreasing order of viscosity will be, Glycerol, Ethylene glycol, and Ethanol.

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Answer:

One Hectometer is 10,000 centimeters. So multiply your hectometer by 10,000, and that's your conversion. Your answer is 590.

Answer:

sodium has got ionic bonds that are weak

compared to hydrogen covalent bonds that are strong

1,392 mL is the volume of the gas at 30 °C and 210 torrs of pressure.

The combined gas law, which states that for a certain amount of gas, the product of pressure and volume is directly proportional to the absolute temperature, can be used to solve this issue.

P2V2/T2 = P1V1/T1

where the initial pressure, volume, and temperature are P1, V1, and T1, respectively, and the final pressure, volume, and temperature are P2, V2, and T2, respectively.

Substituting the given values:

P1 = 480 torr

V1 = 893 mL

T1 = -33°C + 273.15 = 240.15 K (converted to Kelvin)

P2 = 210 torr

T2 = 30°C + 273.15 = 303.15 K

We need to find V2.

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2

480 torr x 893 mL / 240.15 K = 210 torr x V2 / 303.15 K

V2 = 480 torr x 893 mL x 303.15 K / (240.15 K x 210 torr)

V2 = 1,392 mL (rounded to the nearest whole number)

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Answer: An indicator is itself a weak acid or weak base but a special one. The colour of the acid form is different from the colour of the base form. So you can tell when the pH of your solution has changed from being one to the other by seeing the colour change from one to the other. The particular pH where that colour change occurs depends on the particular indicator you use. The most common indicator in UG Chem Labs is probably the one called Phenolphthalein when it has its proton attached, it is colourless like water but when the proton comes off it is pink. This change happens around pH=8–9. any solution with pH below that (acidic) will make the phenolphthalein hold onto its proton and be colourless. Any pH above that will cause it to lose its proton and become pink.

Explanation:

Answer:

The Ideal gas law

Explanation:

From the given question, we have:

V \(\alpha\) \(\frac{nT}{P}\)

where each variable has its usual meaning.

Thus,

V = \(\frac{nRT}{P}\)

where R is the ideal gas constant

cross multiply to have;

PV = nRT

This implies that the volume of the gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of the gas.

Therefore, the law can be used to determine the relationship between the volume and number of moles is the ideal gas law.

Answer:

Substances can change phase—often because of a temperature change. At low temperatures, most substances are solid; as the temperature increases, they become liquid; at higher temperatures still, they become gaseous.

The process of a solid becoming a liquid is called melting. (an older term that you may see sometimes is fusion). The opposite process, a liquid becoming a solid, is called solidification. For any pure substance, the temperature at which melting occurs—known as the melting point—is a characteristic of that substance. It requires energy for a solid to melt into a liquid. Every pure substance has a certain amount of energy it needs to change from a solid to a liquid. This amount is called the enthalpy of fusion (or heat of fusion) of the substance, represented as ΔHfus. Some ΔHfus values are listed in Table 10.2 “Enthalpies of Fusion for Various Substances”; it is assumed that these values are for the melting point of the substance. Note that the unit of ΔHfus is kilojoules per mole, so we need to know the quantity of material to know how much energy is involved. The ΔHfus is always tabulated as a positive number. However, it can be used for both the melting and the solidification processes as long as you keep in mind that melting is always endothermic (so ΔH will be positive), while solidification is always exothermic (so ΔH will be negative).

In a typical reverse-phase LC procedure, decreasing the polarity of the mobile phase will most likely have the following effects on the peaks in the chromatogram: The tm for the system will decrease, and the retention times of the peaks will increase. Option E, and G are correct.

When the polarity of the mobile phase decreases, the overall polarity of the system decreases as well, and the non-polar compounds will have a stronger affinity for the non-polar stationary phase, resulting in a decrease in tm. The retention times of the peaks will increase because the non-polar compounds will spend more time interacting with the non-polar stationary phase.

The other options are incorrect because: The plate height of the peaks will decrease: This is not necessarily true and depends on several factors, such as column efficiency, flow rate, and injection volume.

The tm for the system will increase: This is the opposite of what happens when the polarity of the mobile phase decreases.

The retention factors for all non-polar compounds will increase: This is also the opposite of what happens when the polarity of the mobile phase decreases.

The resolution of the peaks will increase: This is not necessarily true and depends on the specific compounds being analyzed and the chromatographic conditions.

The efficiency of the peaks will increase: This is not necessarily true and depends on several factors, such as column efficiency, flow rate, and injection volume.

The retention times of the peaks will decrease: This is the opposite of what happens when the polarity of the mobile phase decreases.

Hence, E. G. The tm for the system will decrease, the retention times of the peaks will increase is the correct option.

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Answer:

A:temperature

Explanation:

The temperature cannot be determined by looking at the spectra of the star due to lack of the equipment for its measurement. On the other-hand, the remaining statements like the distance from earth, movement towards or away from earth can be determined.

Answer:

1. 868.8832g

2. .0053385mol

3.34.87 mol

4. 7049.088 g

Explanation:

I used the molar mass equation M= gram/mol and plugged in the numbers for each equation to figure out the missing part.

The atom that is paramagnetic in its ground electronic state is Option (C) Li. The set of quantum numbers that is not possible for an electron is Option (E) n = 1, l = 0, ml = 0.

Paramagnetic atoms:

Paramagnetic atoms have unpaired electrons in their ground electronic state, which means they have at least one electron with a spin that is not canceled out by pairing with another electron.

A) He: Helium has a ground state configuration of 1s², with two paired electrons. It is diamagnetic, not paramagnetic.

B) Zn: Zinc has a ground state configuration of [Ar]3d¹⁰4s², with completely filled d and s subshells. It is diamagnetic, not paramagnetic.

C) Li: Lithium has a ground state configuration of 1s²2s¹, with one unpaired electron in the 2s orbital. It has an unpaired electron and is paramagnetic.

D) O: Oxygen has a ground state configuration of 1s²2s²2p⁴, with two unpaired electrons in the 2p orbitals. It has unpaired electrons and is paramagnetic.

E) Mg: Magnesium has a ground state configuration of [Ne]3s², with completely filled p orbitals. It is diamagnetic, not paramagnetic.

Quantum numbers:

Quantum numbers describe the properties and characteristics of an electron within an atom.

A) n = 2, l = 1, ml = 0: This set of quantum numbers represents a valid electron configuration within the second energy level, with an orbital angular momentum quantum number (l) of 1 and a magnetic quantum number (ml) of 0.

B) n = 4, l = 1, ml = +1/2: This set of quantum numbers represents a valid electron configuration within the fourth energy level, with an orbital angular momentum quantum number (l) of 1 and a magnetic quantum number (ml) of +1/2.

C) n = 2, l = 1, ml = -1: This set of quantum numbers represents a valid electron configuration within the second energy level, with an orbital angular momentum quantum number (l) of 1 and a magnetic quantum number (ml) of -1.

D) n = 3, l = 2, ml = 1: This set of quantum numbers represents a valid electron configuration within the third energy level, with an orbital angular momentum quantum number (l) of 2 and a magnetic quantum number (ml) of 1.

E) n = 1, l = 0, ml = 0: This set of quantum numbers represents a valid electron configuration within the first energy level, with an orbital angular momentum quantum number (l) of 0 and a magnetic quantum number (ml) of 0. Therefore, this set is possible and valid.

The atom that is paramagnetic in its ground electronic state is C) Li. It has an unpaired electron in its 2s orbital. The set of quantum numbers that is not possible for an electron is E) n = 1, l = 0, ml = 0. The other options represent valid electron configurations based on the principles of quantum mechanics.

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Work conducted near flammable gases or explosive materials must be conducted with appropriate safety measures and precautions to prevent the ignition of such materials. Specifically, such work should be conducted in a well-ventilated area with adequate air exchange to prevent the buildup of flammable gases.

Personal protective equipment (PPE) such as flame-resistant clothing, safety glasses, and gloves should also be worn to protect workers from potential hazards. Any ignition sources, such as open flames, sparks, or electrical equipment, should be removed or adequately shielded to prevent accidental ignition.

Flammable gases can ignite and burn quickly in the presence of a spark or flame. Some examples of flammable gases are Hydrogen (H2), Methane (CH4), Propane (C3H8), Butane (C4H10), Acetylene (C2H2), and Ethylene (C2H4).

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Answer:

ELEMENTS

Explanation:

CUZ AN A

ELEMENT IS A GROUP OF ATOMS THAT CANNOT BE BROKEN DOWN BY ANY CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL MEAN