Predict which substance has greater molar entropy. Explain.(b) HNO₃(aq) or HNO₃(l)

Roughly one in a trillion water molecules are ionized at any given time in a sample of room-temperature water

The dissociation of water can be written as

H2O --------> H+ + OH-

The equilibrium constant for this dissociation is called the kw and has the value 10−^14 One trillion is 10^15

Therefore the number of molecules dissociated should be one in ten trillion.

Water does self-ionize, but not very much. At 25°C (room temperature) and standard atmospheric pressure, one liter of pure, neutral water contains only 0.0000001 moles of each dissociative ion.

Ionization, also known as ionisation, is the process by which an atom or molecule gains or loses electrons to acquire a negative or positive charge, frequently in conjunction with other chemical changes. Ions are the electrically charged atoms or molecules that arise.

Learn more about Ionization here:

https://brainly.com/question/1445179

#SPJ4

Answer:

Smaller.

Explanation:

A cation has a smaller radius than its neutral atom because it loses valence electrons. The “new” valence shell is held closer to the nucleus, resulting in a smaller radius for the cation. An anion has a larger radius than the neutral atom because it gains valence electrons.

When atoms ionize to form cations, they generally become smaller.

An atom loses one or more electrons from its outermost energy level, known as the valence shell, to form a positively charged ion (cation). The loss of electrons results in a decrease in the overall size of the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus, causing the cation to be smaller than the neutral atom.

As the number of protons in the nucleus remains unchanged, the positive charge on the nucleus now attracts the remaining electrons more strongly, causing them to move closer to the nucleus. This effect is known as increased effective nuclear charge. Consequently, the remaining electron cloud contracts, further reducing the size of the ion.

In summary, when atoms ionize to form cations, they lose electrons from their valence shells, leading to a contracted electron cloud and increased effective nuclear charge. These factors contribute to the smaller size of cations compared to their neutral counterparts.

Learn more about cations here: https://brainly.com/question/30386581

#SPJ11

Answer:

*Metal= iron, copper, aluminium, lead, Mercury, zinc, chromium, Nickel, gold, silver, Platinum. *Non-metal= sulphur, oxygen, nitrogen, Phosphorus, hydrogen, chlorine, Silicon, Iodine.

Explanation:

Answer:

Metal!!!

Explanation:

Zinc is a chemical element with the symbol Zn and atomic number 30. Zinc is a slightly brittle metal at room temperature and has a blue-silvery appearance when oxidation is removed. It is the first element in group 12 (IIB) of the periodic table. Zinc (Zn), chemical element, a low-melting metal of Group 12 (IIb, or zinc group) of the periodic table, that is essential to life and is one of the most widely used metals. Zinc (Zn) is an abundant metal, found in the Earth's crust, with a myriad of industrial and biological uses. ... A base metal, zinc is primarily used to galvanize steel, a process that protects the metal against unwanted corrosion.

The mole fraction of phenol in the solution is approximately 0.61.

Mole fraction is a way of expressing the composition of a solution. It is the ratio of the number of moles of a particular component in a solution to the total number of moles of all components in the solution.

To find the mole fraction of phenol, we first need to calculate the number of moles of phenol and acetone in the solution. We can use the formula:

number of moles = mass / molar mass

For phenol, the number of moles is:

175.9 g / 94.11 g/mol = 1.869 mol

For acetone, the number of moles is:

70.0 g / 58.08 g/mol = 1.206 mol

The total number of moles in the solution is:

1.869 mol + 1.206 mol = 3.075 mol

Now we can calculate the mole fraction of phenol using the formula:

mole fraction = number of moles of phenol / total number of moles

mole fraction = 1.869 mol / 3.075 mol

mole fraction = 0.607

Therefore, the mole fraction of phenol in the solution is 0.607, or approximately 0.61.

To know more about mole fraction click here:

https://brainly.com/question/29905133

#SPJ11

These observational techniques and technologies enable astronomers to unravel the complex composition of stars and celestial objects, shedding light on the mysteries of the universe.

1. We know what stars are made of through the use of spectroscopy. Spectroscopy is a scientific technique that analyzes the interaction between light and matter. It allows us to study the unique fingerprint of light emitted or absorbed by different elements.

By using spectroscopy, scientists can examine the spectral lines, which are specific wavelengths of light that are either emitted or absorbed by different elements. These spectral lines provide crucial information about the chemical composition of stars and other celestial objects.

Spectroscopy extends beyond the visible range of our eyes. There are different types of spectroscopy, such as ultraviolet, infrared, and X-ray spectroscopy, which allow us to observe spectral lines that are not visible to us directly. These technologies use specialized detectors and instruments to detect and analyze these wavelengths of light, providing valuable insights into the composition of stars and other objects.

2. Our Sun is primarily composed of hot gases. Through spectroscopy, scientists have identified the specific elements present in the Sun's atmosphere. The prominent spectral lines observed in the Sun's spectrum correspond to elements such as hydrogen, helium, and trace amounts of other elements like oxygen, carbon, and iron.

The spectral lines from the Sun match with known spectral lines of these elements, confirming their presence in the Sun's composition. By studying the intensity and characteristics of these spectral lines, scientists can deduce the abundance and temperature of the different gases in the Sun.

3. Let's consider the Orion Nebula as an example of a deep space object. The composition of the Orion Nebula has been studied using a combination of technologies, including optical spectroscopy and infrared observations.

Optical spectroscopy helps to identify the presence of elements such as hydrogen, helium, oxygen, nitrogen, and other trace elements in the nebula. By analyzing the spectral lines emitted or absorbed by these elements, scientists can determine their abundance and temperature.

Infrared observations, on the other hand, allow scientists to probe the dust particles present in the nebula. By studying the infrared emission from the dust, scientists can gain insights into the chemical composition of the interstellar material and molecules present in the Orion Nebula.

Learn more about celestial objects here :-

https://brainly.com/question/16629339

#SPJ11

Answer:

It heats up.

Explanation:

Because thermal energy is based off the temperature of an object and the average kinetic energy of its particles increases. When the average kinetic energy of its particles increases, the object's thermal energy increases. Therefore, the thermal energy of an object increases as its temperature increase.

Based on the relationship between the number of turns of the coils and the strength of an electromagnet, the true options are:

The hypothesis was supported by the results of the experiment:

The correct option is II only.

The strength of the electromagnet rises with the number of turns in the coil.

This is due to the fact that as the coil "cuts" through the magnetic field, the sum of the individual emf s created by each turn increases with the number of coils turns.

The relative speed between the coil and magnet, as well as the magnet's strength, are additional elements that influence the strength of the induced current in a dynamo in addition to the number of coils. The intensity of the generated current increases with magnet strength and relative speed.

Learn more about electromagnets at: https://brainly.com/question/17231807

#SPJ1

The number of moles of iron produced can be obtained by the use of  stoichiometry.

The term stoichiometry has to do with mass - mole or mass - volume relationships. Stoichiometric relationships could be used to determine the amount of substance.

Now the reaction equation as well as other details are not shown in this question hence a numerical anwer can not be provided. As such, we can know that the balanced reaction equation can always be used to obtain the amount of iron by stoichiometry.

Learn more about stoichiometry: https://brainly.com/question/9743981

the principal organic product formed by free-radical bromination of 2,2,4−trimethylpentane is 2-bromo-2,4,4-trimethylpentane.

what is free radical halogenation?

A substitution reaction in which a hydrogen atom is replaced with a halogen atom, via a free radical reaction mechanism. when this reaction is carrid out by bromine radical, it is called free radicle bromination. When bromine (\(Br{2}\)) treated with light (hν) it comes to homolytic cleavage of the Br-Br bond and give rise to bromine radicles.

free-radical bromination of 2,2,4−trimethylpentane

Bromination of an alkane includes the substitution of a bromine atom for a hydrogen atom. The following stages will be taken by 2,2,4-trimethylpentane during this reaction:

Initiation reaction:  The production of a bromine free radical requires the initiation of heat or light.

\(Br - Br\) ⇒ \(2Br\)·

Propagation: This reaction relies heavily on hydrogen. This reaction is impossible if hydrogen is not present. Because tertiary free radicals are more stable than secondary and primary free radicals, they are favoured in this reaction.

Termination: The remaining free radical of bromide reacts with the tertiary free radical of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane to form 2-bromo-2,4,4-trimethylpentane.

the principal organic product formed by free-radical bromination of 2,2,4−trimethylpentane is 2-bromo-2,4,4-trimethylpentane.

To know more about free radical halogenation, check out:

https://brainly.com/question/13046867

#SPJ4

Answer:

Im going to say sleep

Explanation:

Answer:

4

Explanation:

nonmetals are brittle and dull.

The way that we can be able to know that the compound is an aromatic compound is that the compound has a continuous network of overlapping pi orbitals. Option B

We know that the term aromaticity has to do with the fact that the compound would have the same number of electrons that would correspond to the Huckel rule. If we look at the Huckel rule, we can nsee that the statement of the rule is that a specie would be aromatic if the specie has a total of n -1 number of pi electrons that are present in a molecule of the compound as we can see in the image that has been shown here.

Given that we have the compound as it has been shown, we can see that there is a continious stretch of the overlapping orbitals. The overlapping orbitals is how we can be able to know that the compound that is in question is an aromatic compound.

Learn more about compounds:https://brainly.com/question/13516179

#SPJ1

Answer: C. Harmful, because it will have a harder time sneaking up on its prey

Explanation: White skin on an alligator would be detrimental because it would not be able to blend in to its surroundings as well, as the white skin would stand out from the greens and browns of the swamps in which alligators normally inhabit. Most alligators also live in warmer climates, so there would not be much opportunity to try and blend into any sort of snow.

Answer:

c

Explanation:

Answer:

Negative, because the potential energy of the reactants is higher than the potential energy of the products

Explanation:

Exothermic reaction is a reaction in which heat is released to surrounding. This is due to the fact that the heat content of the reactant is higher than the heat content of product thus producing a negative enthalpy change (ΔH) i.e

Enthalpy change = Heat of product – Heat of reactant

ΔH = Hp – Hr = negative

Considering the options given in the question above, the correct answer is:

Negative, because the potential energy of the reactants is higher than the potential energy of the products

GIVEN :

• Volume ,(V1)= 100ml

• Concentration ,(C1) = 2.50 M

• Concentration ,(C2) = 0.75 M

• Volume ,(V2) = ?

The relationship between Volume and Concentration can be represented by formula :

Replacing the given parameters into the formula above , Final Volume (V2) will be :

Answer:

The compound you are asking for is not complete. But I will give you the answer to one of the compounds.

The complete compound is:

2-bromo, 3-chloro-4,4-dimethylpentane.

Attached is the structure of the compound.

Explanation:

2-bromo, 3-chloro-4,4-dimethylpentane is an organic compound. It's molecular formula is C₇H₁₄BrCl.

This compound has bromine and chlorine attached to the backbone carbon of the pentane compound. The bromine and chlorine are attached to the second and third backbone carbon of the compound respectively.

Also, the dimethyl means that the compound has two methyl (CH₃) attached to the same carbon which is the number 4 backbone carbon.

Answer: water goes into atmosphere through evaporation and get back down on earth surface by precipitation.

Explanation: Evaporation is the process where the water gets evaporated to the atmosphere where the liquid state of the water is changed into the vapor state . Then the vapor condenses into the clouds till the clouds get filled and the water falls as precipitation to the ground or earth. This whole process is called the water cycle.

Answer:

B. Three different Isotopes

Explanation:

Hydrogen : 1 p and 1 e, as in all images, neutrons just differ

Answer:

yellow

if not sorry that's though the best answer

Explanation:

Answer:

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d5

Explanation:

According to the Aufbau principle, electrons are filled in orbitals in order of increasing energy. The energy of orbitals in the electronic configuration of manganese increases from left to right, hence 3d orbital is much greater in energy than a 3p orbital.

The arrangement of orbitals in order of increasing energy is shown in the answer above.

Using the s, p, d, f electronic configuration notation, the arrangement of the 25 electrons which makes up a manganese atom arranged in order of increasing energy is \( 1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}4s^{2}3d^{5} \)

The electronic configuration of manganese can be written thus :

Number of electron = 25 electrons

The s - orbital can take a maximum of two electrons

The p - orbital can take a maximum of 6 electrons

The d - orbital can take up to a maximum of 10 electrons

The allocation of electrons is as follows :

Therefore, the arrangement of Manganeses' 25 electrons in order of increasing energy is ; \( Mn: 1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}4s^{2}3d^{5} \)

Learn more :https://brainly.com/question/12885544

ANSWER: It's (ii) I do believe

The sugar is fermented and the ethanol and carbon dioxide are produced. The fermentation of ethanol is used in bread baking and the fermentation found in grapes makes beer.

Fermentation is the mechanism by which sugar is converted into alcohol. Ethanol Fermentation can be described as a biological process that converts sugars such as glucose, sucrose, and fructose into cellular energy by producing ethanol and carbon dioxide as a side effect.

Alcoholic fermentation is called anaerobic since yeast conducts this transformation in the absence of oxygen. The fermentation of ethanol has applications such as the manufacture of alcoholic drinks, ethanol fuel manufacture, and bread baking.

Fermentation of the natural sugars can be seen in grapes creating wine or beer as well as in apples and pears producing cider and Perry, respectively. Alcoholic fermentation takes place in species of fish, where it offers energy when oxygen is scarce.

Learn more about fermentation, here:

https://brainly.com/question/13050729

#SPJ6

Answer:

Na₁₁ = 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹

Explanation:

Sodium is present in group 1.

It is alkali metal.

It has one valence electron.

The atomic number of sodium is 11.

Its atomic mass is 23 amu.

The longhand notation of electronic configuration of sodium can be written as,

Na₁₁ = 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹

The electronic configuration in shorthand notation( noble gas) would be written as,

Na₁₁ = [Ne] 3s¹

Sodium loses its one valence electron to complete the octet and get stable thus form +1 cation.

It react with halogen and form salt. Such as sodium chloride.

2Na + Cl₂  →  2NaCl

Answer:

hi hehe I'm new here hehehe

Factors affecting the number of energy storage molecules producers make include light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, temperature, and water availability, which all influence the rate of photosynthesis.

Photosynthesis is the process by which producers (mainly plants) create energy storage molecules, such as glucose, using light energy, water, and carbon dioxide. Four primary factors affect the rate of photosynthesis and, therefore, the production of energy storage molecules:
1. Light intensity: As light intensity increases, photosynthesis rate increases, leading to more energy storage molecules being produced, up to a certain point.
2. Carbon dioxide concentration: Higher CO2 levels result in increased photosynthesis rates, providing more building blocks for energy storage molecules.
3. Temperature: Photosynthesis is temperature-dependent, with optimal rates occurring within a specific range for each plant species.
4. Water availability: Sufficient water is necessary for photosynthesis to occur, as it is a crucial reactant in the process.

These factors work together to determine the number of energy storage molecules a producer can make.

Learn more about photosynthesis here:

https://brainly.com/question/29764662

#SPJ11

The number of moles present in 643 g of beryllium oxide is 25.71 mol.

Generally, mole is defined as the amount of a substance that contains the same number of elementary particles ( which includes ions, molecules, or atoms) as the number of atoms present in carbon is called the mole.

Mathematically,

Number of moles = Given mass / Molar mass

Here,

Given mass of BeO = 643 g

Molar mass of BeO = 25.01158 g/mol

Number of moles = 643 / 25.01158 = 25.71 mol

Hence, the number of moles present in 643 g of beryllium oxide is 25.71 mol.

Learn more about moles from the link given below.

https://brainly.com/question/29353591

#SPJ4

From the calculation, the binding energy of the oxygen atom is 1.98 * 10^11 J

The term binding energy has to do with the energy that must be supplied to the nucleus of an atom for the nucleus of the atoms to be bonded together.

We must note that;

E = mc^2

E =  2.20 × 10 -28 kg * ( 3 * 10^8m/s)^2 = 1.98 * 10^11 J

Learn more about binding energy:https://brainly.com/question/10095561

#SPJ4

Answer:

1.98 × 10 -11 J

Explanation:

edg

Answer:

0.84kg of gatorade powder

Explanation:

From the question given, we were told that 0.6kg of gatorade powder required 5 gallons of water.

To obtain the mass of gatorade needed for 7 gallons of water, we simply do the following:

0.6kg of gatorade powder required 5 gallons of water.

Therefore, xkg of gatorade powder will require 7 gallons of water i.e

xkg of gatorade powder = (0.6 x 7)/5

xkg of gatorade powder = 0.84kg

Therefore, 0.84kg of gatorade powder will be required.

The outer shell of electrons is full, so there is no need to gain or lose electrons.

The hydrogen and oxygen atoms are more stable in water molecules as they get a complete valence shell when they bonded with other atoms.

In a chemical reaction, two or more reactants react with each other under the chemical condition to form two or more products. The Chemical reaction is defined as a reaction two or more reactant components react with each other to form two or more products.

The water is formed by reacting hydrogen and oxygen. The chemical reaction of water formation is shown below.

\(H_2(g)+O_2(g)\longrightarrow H_2O(l)\)

The balanced chemical equation can be defined as a reaction where the number of moles of reactants is equal to the number of moles of products.

\(H_2(g)+ \frac{1}{2}O_2(g)\longrightarrow H_2O(l)\)

The hydrogen atoms have one electron and the oxygen has two electrons less than the complete valence shell. But in the water molecule, every atom has a complete valence shell so atoms become more stable.

Learn more about water formation, here:

https://brainly.com/question/16046990

#SPJ2