The SSwithin, or the sum of squares within groups, is a measure of the variation within each group of data.
It is calculated as the total sum of squares (SStotal) minus the sum of squares between groups (SSbetween). In this case, we are given SStotal and SSbetween, but we do not have enough information to calculate SSwithin.
We would need to know either the number of groups or the degrees of freedom associated with SSbetween in order to calculate SSwithin using the formula SSwithin = SStotal - SSbetween.
Therefore, the correct answer is D, which needs more information.
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Solve each system.
[x-3 y =-1 -6 x+19 y =6 ]
The system of equations [x - 3y = -1 and -6x + 19y = 6] can be solved, resulting in x = -1 and y = 0.
To solve the system of equations [x - 3y = -1 and -6x + 19y = 6], we can use the method of substitution or elimination.
Let's solve it using the method of elimination.
First, we can multiply the first equation by 6 and the second equation by -1 to eliminate the x terms.
This gives us [6x - 18y = -6 and 6x - 19y = -6].
Now, subtracting the first equation from the second eliminates the x terms, leaving us with -y = 0. Solving for y, we find y = 0.
Substituting this value back into the first equation, we get x - 3(0) = -1, which simplifies to x = -1.
Therefore, the solution to the system of equations is x = -1 and y = 0.
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jamie is making chocolate cupcakes. the recipe calls for 2/3 cup of cocoa. she wants to make 1/2 of the recipe. how much cocoa will she need?
Answer:
I think its 1/3
Step-by-step explanation:
A ladder leans against a vertical wall at slope of 9/4. The tip of the ladder is 13.7 feet from the ground. What is the length of the ladder?
The length of the ladder is approximately 17.4 feet.
Let's call the length of the ladder "L". We can use the Pythagorean theorem to solve for L.
We know that the ladder is leaning against a vertical wall at a slope of 9/4, which means that for every 9 units the ladder goes up, it goes 4 units away from the wall. We can use this to set up a right triangle with the ladder as the hypotenuse:
To know the sides use pythagorean theorem. The vertical distance from the ground to the tip of the ladder is 13.7 feet, so the length of the side opposite the angle θ (the angle between the ladder and the ground) is 13.7. The length of the side adjacent to θ (the distance from the wall to the base of the ladder) is (9/4) times the length of the opposite side.
Using the Pythagorean theorem, we have:
L² = (9/4 * 13.7)² + (13.7)²
L² = 114.96 + 187.69
L² = 302.65
L = √(302.65)
L ≈ 17.4
Therefore, the length of the ladder is approximately 17.4 feet.
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91) __________ involves the analysis of accumulated data and involves a __________. a) OLAP, database b) OLAP, data warehouse c) OLTP, database d) OLTP, data warehouse
OLAP is used for the analysis of accumulated data, and it requires a data warehouse.
while OLTP is used for transaction processing and requires a database optimized for real-time transaction processing. The analysis of accumulated data is known as Online Analytical Processing (OLAP), and it involves a data warehouse. OLAP is a business intelligence tool used for multi-dimensional analysis of large data sets, while a data warehouse is a central repository that stores historical and current data from multiple sources in a structured manner. OLAP allows users to perform complex queries on large data sets, analyze trends, and make informed business decisions. It is often used in data mining and decision support systems. OLAP tools can be used to slice and dice data, drill down to more detailed data, and roll up to higher levels of summary data. OLAP is primarily used for analytical purposes and is not designed for transaction processing. On the other hand, a data warehouse is designed to support OLAP and is used for storing large amounts of historical data that can be queried and analyzed. Data is extracted from various sources, transformed, and loaded into the data warehouse in a structured format, enabling efficient querying and analysis. OLTP (Online Transaction Processing), on the other hand, is a type of transaction processing that is designed for processing real-time transactions in databases. It is used for day-to-day operations such as order processing, inventory management, and customer management. OLTP is optimized for processing large volumes of transactions in real-time, and is not suitable for analytical purposes.
In summary, OLAP is used for the analysis of accumulated data, and it requires a data warehouse, while OLTP is used for transaction processing and requires a database optimized for real-time transaction processing.
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.
find the work in ft-lb done by winding up a hanging cable of length 100 ft and weight-density 5 lb/ft
the work done is equal to the force applied (500 lb) multiplied by the distance (100 ft), resulting in 500 ft-lb of work done.
A force applied across a distance is what is referred to as work.
In this problem,
the force applied is the weight of the cable (5 lb/ft) multiplied by the length of the cable (100 ft).
Therefore, the work done is equal to the force applied (500 lb) multiplied by the distance (100 ft), resulting in 500 ft-lb of work done.Work is a force applied across a distance, and it is measured in a unit of energy called foot-pounds. In this problem, the force applied is the weight of the cable (5 lb/ft) multiplied by the length of the cable (100 ft). Therefore, the work done is equal to the force applied (500 lb) multiplied by the distance (100 ft), resulting in 500 ft-lb of work done. This means that 500 ft-lb of energy must be expended in order to move the cable 100 ft. This energy can be provided by a variety of sources, such as human labor, a motor, or some other mechanism.
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Fourier series coefficients of a periodic discrete-time signal is given below. Period of the signal is N = 4. Obtain one period of that signal by using synthesis equation. k 0 1 2 3 5 1+j-1-1-j ak
To obtain one period of the discrete-time signal using the synthesis equation, we need to use the Fourier series coefficients (ak) and the corresponding harmonics.
The synthesis equation for a discrete-time signal with period N is given by:
x[n] = ∑[k=0 to N-1] ak * e^(j2πkn/N)
Given the Fourier series coefficients (ak) for k = 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 1+j, -1, -1-j, we can substitute these values into the synthesis equation to obtain the one period of the signal.
For the given coefficients, the synthesis equation becomes:
x[n] = a0 * e^(j2πn0/N) + a1 * e^(j2πn1/N) + a2 * e^(j2πn2/N) + a3 * e^(j2πn3/N) + a5 * e^(j2πn5/N) + (a1+j) * e^(j2π(n-1)/N) + (-a1) * e^(j2π(n-1)/N) + (-a1-j) * e^(j2π(n-1)/N)
where n0 = 0, n1 = 1, n2 = 2, n3 = 3, n5 = 5.
Substituting the corresponding values, we have:
x[n] = a0 * e^(j2πn0/N) + a1 * e^(j2πn1/N) + a2 * e^(j2πn2/N) + a3 * e^(j2πn3/N) + a5 * e^(j2πn5/N) + (a1+j) * e^(j2π(n-1)/N) + (-a1) * e^(j2π(n-1)/N) + (-a1-j) * e^(j2π(n-1)/N)
Now, substitute the values of n0, n1, n2, n3, and n5 according to the period N = 4:
x[n] = a0 * e^(j0) + a1 * e^(j2π/4) + a2 * e^(j4π/4) + a3 * e^(j6π/4) + a5 * e^(j10π/4) + (a1+j) * e^(j2π(n-1)/4) + (-a1) * e^(j2π(n-1)/4) + (-a1-j) * e^(j2π(n-1)/4)
Simplifying further and applying Euler's formula (e^(jθ) = cos(θ) + j*sin(θ)), we can express the signal in terms of cosines and sines.
Please note that the exact values of ak and the coefficients a1+j, -a1, and -a1-j are missing in the given information. To proceed further and obtain the one period of the signal, we would need the specific values of these coefficients.
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Julie and Barry Spinos purchased a house for $96,400. They made a 25 percent down payment and financed the remaining amount at 5. 50 percent for 30 years. Their monthly payment is $410. 66. How much of the first monthly payment is used to reduce the principal?
The first monthly charge has about $78.78 allotted in the direction of reducing the principal.
The total buy charge of the house is $96,400 and the Spinoses made a 25% down payment, because of this they paid $96,400 x 0.25 = $24,100 in advance.
Therefore, the final quantity that they financed is $96,400 - $24,100 = $72,300.
They financed this amount at 5.50% for 30 years, which gives us the following method for calculating the monthly payment (P):
P = (r * PV) / (1 - (1 + r)^(-n))
in which:
r = month-to-month interest rate PV = present value n = overall range of paymentsSubstituting the values, we get:
P = (0.00458 * 72,300) / (1 - (1 + 0.00458)^(-360))
P ≈ $410.66
We recognise that the monthly payment is $410.66 and we will calculate the interest portion of the primary monthly price as follows:
interest = balance * monthly interest price
interest = $72,300 * (5.50% / 12) ≈ $331.88
To calculate the amount of the primary monthly charge this is used to lessen the fundamental, we subtract the interest component from the total monthly payment:
$410.66 - $331.88 ≈ $78.78
Thus, the first monthly charge has about $78.78 allotted in the direction of reducing the principal.
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Find the exact values of x and y.
Answer:
x = 13 unitsy = 18.4 units
Step-by-step explanation:
from the angles we understand that it is an isosceles right triangle, therefore x is also 13, we find y with the Pythagorean theorem
y = √(13² + 13²)
y = √(169 + 169)
y = √338
y = 18.38 (you can round to 18.4)
Answer:
x = 13 , y = 18.38
Step-by-step explanation:
p.s. There is two ways to answer it.
In Triangle,
if there is a right angle, other angles are the same.
It the angles are the same, the two sides are the same.
So, x = 13
By the Converse of the Pythagorean Theorem , these values make the triangle a right triangle.
(hypotenuse)² = (side of right triangle)² + (other side of right triangle)²
(hypotenuse)² = 13² + 13²
(hypotenuse)² = 169 + 169
(hypotenuse)² = 338
hypotenuse = 18.38
so y = 18.38
PLEASE HELP ME FAST!!!! ( It's about y-intercept)
Answer:
y = 6x -7
Step-by-step explanation:
1. The equation of any line in slope-intercept form is y = mx + b, where y = y-coordinate, m = slope, x = x-coordinate, and b = y-intercept.
2. Given that the slope is 6, we plug that value in m, and given that the y-intercept is -7, we plug that value in b:
y = mx + by = 6x - 7I REALLY NEED HELP im struggling please show how to do it show WORK please. no links
-3.6h = -10.8 check your solution
Answer:
h=3
Step-by-step explanation:
I divided -3.6 on both sides to get h by itself, and now I have h=-3.6/-10.8. combine like terms (-3.6/-10.8) and I got 3. My final answer would be h=3
15.
(05.04 MC)
Estimate and solve 4,298 ÷ 56 = ________. (1 point)
76 r 42
76 r 8
78 r 42
82 r 8 pls help asap!
Answer:
82 r 8
Step-by-step explanation:
i took the flvs test and its right!
How do you find the measure of an angle in a triangle isosceles?
To find the measure of an angle in a triangle that is isosceles, you can use the fact that the two equal sides of the triangle are congruent to each other. The measure of each of these angles can be found by subtracting the measure of the third angle from 180 degrees.
Determine which two sides of the triangle are equal in length (these are called the "congruent sides").
Find the measure of the angle opposite one of the congruent sides. This angle is called the "base angle."
Subtract the measure of the base angle from 180 degrees. This will give you the measure of the other two angles in the triangle (since the three angles in any triangle must add up to 180 degrees).
For example, if the measure of the base angle is x degrees, then the measure of the other two angles would be (180-x) degrees.
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The measure of angles in an isosceles triangle can be found using the Triangle Angle Sum Theorem. This theorem states that the sum of the angles in any triangle is 180 degrees. Therefore, if you know two of the angles in the triangle, you can find the third angle by subtracting the sum of the two known angles from 180.
To find the measure of an angle in a triangle isosceles, you can use the Triangle Angle Sum Theorem. This theorem states that the sum of the angles in any triangle is 180 degrees. Therefore, if you know two of the angles in the triangle, you can find the third angle by subtracting the sum of the two known angles from 180.
Let's look at an example. Suppose you have an isosceles triangle and you know that two of its angles measure 50 degrees and 60 degrees. To find the measure of the third angle, you would subtract 110 (the sum of the two known angles) from 180. This gives you 70 degrees as the measure of the third angle.
In addition to the Triangle Angle Sum Theorem, you can also use the Isosceles Triangle Theorem to find the measure of an angle in an isosceles triangle. The Isosceles Triangle Theorem states that the angles opposite the two equal sides of an isosceles triangle are equal. This means that if you know one of the angles in the triangle, you can determine the measure of the other two angles, since they will both be equal to the measure of the known angle.
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Nathan and his best friend found money under the couch they split the money seven evenly each getting $6.86 how much money did they find write an expression
(I ignored the seven, I'm sorry if I'm wrong.)
6.86x2
6.86x2=13.72
13.72$
Dance class has 22 students; 10 are women and 12 are men. if5 men and 5 women are tobe chosen and then paired off, how many results are possible?
A total of 23, 950, 080 results are possible.
We are given;
10 women
12 men
5 men and 5 women, chosen and pared off, how many results in total?
Thus;
[10 choose 5] x [12 choose 5]=252 x 792 = 199584 ways
We then need to know how many ways there could put into pairs i.e. For the first woman, there will be 5 choices of men. For the second woman, there will be 4 choices remaining of men. For the third woman, there will be 3 choices remaining. For the fourth woman, there will be only 2choices remaining, and only 1 choice left for the last woman.
Therefore, there are 5x4x3x2x1 = 120 ways.
In total there are 199584x120 = 23950080 total ways
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How many sides does a rectangular pyramid
Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
A rectangular pyramid has five sides. It consists of a rectangular base and four triangular faces that meet at a common vertex or apex.
≧◉◡◉≦
The __________ shows the number of data items with values less than or equal to the upper class limit of each class.
Answer: Cumulative frequency distribution
Step-by-step explanation: Not entirely sure but I believe you are looking for this definition based on the question. Hope this helps :)
Complete the table for the given rule.
Rule: y=x+8y=x+8y, equals, x, plus, 8
xxx yyy
222
000
444
The completed table for the rule y = x+6 for given values of x (2,0,4) will have the corresponding values of y as 10, 8, 12 respectively.
What is a function?Function is a type of relation, or rule, that maps one input to specific single output.
How to evaluate a given mathematical expression with variables if values of the variables are known?You can simply replace those variables with the value you know of them and then operate on those values to get a final value. This is the result of that expression at those values of the considered variables.
For this case, we're given the rule y = x + 8
The table given is:
x y
2
0
4
Evaluating 'y' for the given values of x from the table according to the rule 'y = x + 8', we get:
Case 1: x = 2y = x + 8
y = 2 + 8
y =10
Case 2: x = 0y = x + 8
y = 0 + 8
y =8
Case 3: x = 4y = x + 8
y = 4 + 8
y =12
Thus, the completed table would be:
x y
2 10
0 8
4 12
Thus, the completed table for the rule y = x+6 for given values of x (2,0,4) will have the corresponding values of y as 10, 8, 12 respectively.
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problem 8: induction ii use mathematical induction to prove that 9 divides n3 (n 1)3 (n 2)3 whenever n is a positive integer.
We will use mathematical induction to prove that 9 divides n^3 (n-1)^3 (n-2)^3 whenever n is a positive integer.
We will use mathematical induction to prove that 9 divides n^3 (n-1)^3 (n-2)^3 whenever n is a positive integer.
Base case: When n = 1, we have 1^3 (1-1)^3 (1-2)^3 = 0, which is divisible by 9.
Inductive hypothesis: Assume that 9 divides k^3 (k-1)^3 (k-2)^3 for some positive integer k.
Inductive step: We will show that 9 divides (k+1)^3 k^3 (k-1)^3. Expanding this expression, we get:
(k+1)^3 k^3 (k-1)^3 = (k^3 + 3k^2 + 3k + 1) k^3 (k-1)^3
= k^6 + 3k^5 - 2k^4 - 9k^3 + 3k^2 + k
Since we assumed that 9 divides k^3 (k-1)^3 (k-2)^3, we know that k^3 (k-1)^3 (k-2)^3 = 9m for some integer m. Therefore, we can rewrite the above expression as:
k^6 + 3k^5 - 2k^4 - 9k^3 + 3k^2 + k = 9m + 3k^5 - 2k^4 - 9k^3 + 3k^2 + k
= 9(m + k^5 - k^4 - k^3 + k^2 + k/3)
Since m and k are integers, we know that m + k^5 - k^4 - k^3 + k^2 + k/3 is also an integer.
Therefore, we have shown that 9 divides (k+1)^3 k^3 (k-1)^3, which completes the proof by mathematical induction.
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use the chain rule to find ∂z ∂s and ∂z ∂t . z = ln(5x 3y), x = s sin(t), y = t cos(s)
∂z/∂s = 3cos(t)/y, ∂z/∂t = 3s*cos(t)/y - sin(s)/x (using the chain rule to differentiate each term and substituting the given expressions for x and y)
To find ∂z/∂s and ∂z/∂t using the chain rule, we start by finding the partial derivatives of z with respect to x and y, and then apply the chain rule.
First, let's find ∂z/∂x and ∂z/∂y.
∂z/∂x = ∂/∂x [ln(5x^3y)]
= (1/5x^3y) ∂/∂x [5x^3y]
= (1/5x^3y) 15x^2y
= 3/y
∂z/∂y = ∂/∂y [ln(5x^3y)]
= (1/5x^3y) ∂/∂y [5x^3y]
= (1/5x^3y) 5x^3
= 1/x
Now, using the chain rule, we can find ∂z/∂s and ∂z/∂t.
∂z/∂s = (∂z/∂x) (∂x/∂s) + (∂z/∂y) (∂y/∂s)
= (3/y) (cos(t)) + (1/x) (0)
= 3cos(t)/y
∂z/∂t = (∂z/∂x) (∂x/∂t) + (∂z/∂y) (∂y/∂t)
= (3/y) * (scos(t)) + (1/x) (-sin(s))
= 3scos(t)/y - sin(s)/x
Therefore, ∂z/∂s = 3cos(t)/y and ∂z/∂t = 3s*cos(t)/y - sin(s)/x.
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PLEASE HELP I HAVE 10 MINUTES AND IM STUCK ON THIS!
Answer:
y = 3x
Step-by-step explanation:
y = 3 and x = 3 doesn't touch 0, 0
Which one of these represents the graph in this picture right here ? A,B,C,D,E or F?
PLEASE HELP
Answer:
A) y=3x+1
Step-by-step explanation:
Use the formula y=mx+b
m is the slope and b is the y intercept
the graph starts on 1 on the y axis so you replace 1 for b
the slope goes up 3 and over one, giving the fraction 3/1 or just 3. so you replace 3 for m.
Find the least number by which 27783 be multiplied to get a perfect cube
Answer:
27783 should be divided by 3 to get perfect cube ,
Perfect cube is 21
Daniel has 6 erasers. he give one to p.j. and. he gives one to ken. he keeps. the rest. what friction of his erasers did he give away.
Answer:1/3
Step-by-step explanation:
He gave away 2/6 of the erasers. You can simplify that by doing 2 divided by 2 6 divided by 2 which makes it 1/3. Daniel gave away 1/3 of the erasers.
Answer:
1/3
Step-by-step explanation:
he gave one to p.j=1/6
he gave one to Ken=1/6
1/6 +1/6=2/6=1/3
after a large number of drinks, a person has a blood alcohol level of 200 mg/dL. Assume that the amount of alcohol in the blood decays exponentially, and after 2 hours, 128 mg/dL remains. Let Q be the amount remaining after t hours. Find the amount of alcohol in the blood after 4 hours
The amount of alcohol remaining after 4 hours would be approximately 64 mg/dL.
We can use the formula for exponential decay to model the amount of alcohol remaining in the blood after t hours:
\(Q(t) = Q_o* e^{(-kt)\)
where Q₀ is the initial amount of alcohol in the blood, k is the decay constant, and t is the time elapsed.
We know that Q₀ = 200 mg/dL, and Q(2) = 128 mg/dL. We can use this information to solve for k:
\(128 = 200 * e^{(-k*2)\)
\(e^{(2k)} = 200/128\)
2k ≈ ln(1.5625)
k ≈ -0.345
Now we can use this value of k to find Q(4):
\(Q(4) = 200 * e^{(-0.345*4)\)
Q(4) ≈ 64
Therefore, the amount of alcohol is 64 mg/dL.
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#11: Looking at the rectangle below, find the area.
Find x and y ( please explain )
Answer:
y = 75°
Step-by-step explanation:
y and 105°
are on a straight line ,
a straight line is 180°
180 - 105 = 75°
y=75 °
I'm not sure about x hope you understand
round to the nearest hundreth
Following the birth of a child, a parent wants to make an initial investment P_0 that will grow to $40,000 for the child's education at age 19. Interest is compounded continuously at 7%. What should the initial investment be? Such an amount is called the present value of $50,000 due 19 years from now. The present value is about $ ___. (Do not round until the final answer. Then round to two decimal places as needed
The initial investment should be approximately $5,147.48 for it to grow to $40,000 in 19 years with continuous compound interest at 7%.
To find the present value, we can use the formula for continuous compound interest:
PV = FV / \(e^{(r*t)}\)
Where PV is the present value, FV is the future value, r is the interest rate, and t is the time in years.
In this case, the future value is $40,000, the interest rate is 7% (or 0.07 as a decimal), and the time is 19 years.
PV = 40,000 / \(e^{(0.07*19)}\)
= 40,000 / \(e^{(1.33)}\)
= 40,000 / 3.792
Using a calculator or a math software, we find that \(e^{(1.33)}\) is approximately 3.792.
Therefore, PV = 40,000 / 3.792 = $5,147.48.
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(This exercise is from Physical Geology by Steven Earle and is used under a CC BY 4.0 license.) Heavy runoff can lead to flooding in streams and low-lying areas. The graph below shows the highest discharge per year between 1915 and 2014 on the Bow River at Calgary, Canada. Using this data set, we can calculate the recurrence interval (R) for any particular flood magnitude with the equation R=(n+1)/r, where n is the number of floods in the record being considered, and r is the rank of the particular flood. There are a few years missing in this record, and the actual number of data points is 95. The largest flood recorded on the Bow River over that period was in 2013, which attained a discharge of 1,840 m3/s on June 21. R; for that flood is (95+1)/1=96 years. The probability of such a flood in any future year is 1/R; which is 1%. The fifth largest flood was just a few years earlier in 2005 , at 791 m3/5. Ri for that flood is (95+1)/5=19.2 years. The recurrence probability is 5%. - Calculate the recurrence interval for the second largest flood (1.520 m3/s in 1932). Express your answer in units of years. - What is the probability that a flood of 1,520 m3/s will happen next year? - Examine the 100-year trend for floods on the Bow River. If you ignore the major floods (the labeled ones), what is the general trend of peak discharges over that time?
The recurrence interval for the second largest flood on the Bow River in 1932 is approximately 1.0106 years. The probability of a flood with a discharge of 1,520 m3/s occurring next year is roughly 98.95%. When examining the 100-year trend of peak discharges, excluding major floods, there is likely a general pattern of fluctuations but with overall stability in typical peak discharge values.
Using the provided data on the highest discharge per year on the Bow River at Calgary, Canada, we can calculate the recurrence interval (R) for specific flood magnitudes and determine the probability of such floods occurring in the future. Additionally, we can examine the 100-year trend for floods on the Bow River, excluding major floods, to identify the general trend of peak discharges over time.
1) Calculating the Recurrence Interval for the Second Largest Flood (1,520 m3/s in 1932):
To calculate the recurrence interval (R) for the second largest flood, we need to determine the rank of that flood. Since there are 95 data points in total, the rank of the second largest flood would be 94 (as the largest flood, in 2013, is excluded). Applying the formula R = (n + 1) / r, we have:
R = (95 + 1) / 94 = 1.0106 years
Therefore, the recurrence interval for the second largest flood (1,520 m3/s in 1932) is approximately 1.0106 years.
2) Probability of a Flood of 1,520 m3/s Occurring Next Year:
The probability of a flood of 1,520 m3/s happening next year can be calculated by taking the reciprocal of the recurrence interval for that flood. Using the previously calculated recurrence interval of 1.0106 years, we can determine the probability:
Probability = 1 / R = 1 / 1.0106 = 0.9895 or 98.95%
Thus, the probability of a flood of 1,520 m3/s occurring next year is approximately 98.95%.
3) Examination of the 100-Year Trend for Floods on the Bow River:
To analyze the 100-year trend for floods on the Bow River while excluding major floods, we focus on the peak discharges over time. Without considering the labeled major floods, we can observe the general trend of peak discharges.
Unfortunately, without specific data on the peak discharges for each year, we cannot provide a detailed analysis of the 100-year trend. However, by excluding major floods, it is likely that the general trend of peak discharges over time would show fluctuations and variations but with a relatively stable pattern. This implies that while individual flood events may vary, there might be an underlying consistency in terms of typical peak discharges over the 100-year period.
In summary, the recurrence interval for the second largest flood on the Bow River in 1932 is approximately 1.0106 years. The probability of a flood with a discharge of 1,520 m3/s occurring next year is roughly 98.95%. When examining the 100-year trend of peak discharges, excluding major floods, there is likely a general pattern of fluctuations but with overall stability in typical peak discharge values.
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