Is K very large or very small for a reaction that goes essentially to completion? Explain.

Option C. An expert would question the proposed mechanism step 3A+B→2C due to the requirement of four molecules to collide and react simultaneously.

The expert would question this mechanism step for several reasons. Firstly, according to the law of conservation of mass, the number of atoms of each element must be the same on both sides of a chemical equation. In the proposed step, there are three reactant molecules (3A and B) but only two product molecules (2C), violating the principle that the number of reactants and products must be the same.

Secondly, the statement that the number of products must always exceed the number of reactants is incorrect. While it is possible for the number of products to exceed the number of reactants in some chemical reactions, it is not a universal rule. There are reactions where the number of products is equal to or even less than the number of reactants.

Finally, the mechanism step suggests that four molecules (3A and B) would need to collide and react simultaneously, which is highly unlikely. In most chemical reactions, collisions between molecules occur randomly, and it is rare for four molecules to collide at the exact same time and in the correct orientation.

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To calculate dh8 for each of the given reactions, we need to use Hess's Law, which states that the enthalpy change of a reaction is independent of the pathway taken to reach the products.

a. To find dh8 for this reaction, we need to look up the enthalpies of formation of the reactants and products. Then, we can use the formula dh8 = sum of products - sum of reactants.

dh8 = (dhf HCHO + dhf O2) - (dhf C2H4 + dhf O3)

b. Similarly, we can use the formula dh8 = sum of products - sum of reactants to find dh8 for this reaction.

dh8 = (dhf HNO2 + dhf O2) - (dhf O3 + dhf NO)

c. To calculate dh8 for this reaction, we need to first write out the balanced chemical equation and then use the formula dh8 = sum of products - sum of reactants.

dh8 = (dhf H2SO4) - (dhf SO3 + dhf H2O)

d. Finally, we can use the formula dh8 = sum of products - sum of reactants to find dh8 for this reaction.

dh8 = (dhf HNO2) - (2 x dhf NO + dhf O2)

Note that we need to use the enthalpies of formation for each compound, which can be found in a reference table.
To calculate ΔH° for each of the following reactions occurring in the atmosphere:

a. C2H4(g) + O3(g) → CH3CHO(g) + O2(g)
b. O3(g) + NO(g) → NO2(g) + O2(g)
c. SO3(g) + H2O(l) → H2SO4(aq)
d. 2NO(g) + O2(g) → 2NO2(g)

Follow these steps:

1. Determine the standard enthalpies of formation (ΔH°f) for each substance in the reaction. You can find these values in a thermodynamic data table or online.
2. Multiply the ΔH°f of each product by its stoichiometric coefficient and sum the values.
3. Multiply the ΔH°f of each reactant by its stoichiometric coefficient and sum the values.
4. Subtract the sum of reactants' ΔH°f from the sum of products' ΔH°f: ΔH° = Σ(ΔH°f products) - Σ(ΔH°f reactants).

By performing these calculations for each reaction, you will obtain the ΔH° for each reaction occurring in the atmosphere.

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Okay, let's go through each option step-by-step:

(a) 140 gm N2 & 35 g H2

since the stoichiometry is 2NH3 : 3H2 : N2, for every 2 moles of NH3 produced, 3 moles of H2 and 1 mole of N2 react.

So, 140 gm N2 = 10 moles N2

35 gm H2 = 3 moles H2

Together they can produce 10/2 = 5 moles NH3. So this option produces the same amount of NH3.

(b) 18 g H2 & 52 g N2

H2 has 3 moles per 35 g so 18 g H2 = 2 moles H2

52 g N2 = 4 moles N2

Producing 2 * (2/3) = 4/3 = 2 moles NH3. This is less than options a and c.

(c) Total 20 moles of mixture having N2 and H2 in stoichiometric ratio.

With 20 moles total and in stoichiometric ratio, the moles of each will produce 2 moles of NH3. So this option also produces the same.

(d) 136 gm of mixture having mass fraction of H2 = 6/34

* Total mass = 136 g

* Mass fraction of H2 = 6/34 = 0.18

* So mass of H2 = 0.18 * 136 = 24 g

* Mass of 24 g H2 = 2 moles H2

* Remaining mass = 136 - 24 = 112 g is N2

* 112 g N2 = 8 moles N2

* Together 2 moles H2 and 8 moles N2 can produce 2 * (2/3) = 4/3 = 2 moles NH3.

This is less, so this option does not produce the same amount.

In summary, options a and c satisfy the criteria of producing the same amount (i.e. 5 moles) of NH3.

Let me know if this helps explain the problem! I can provide more details if needed.

Answer:

The Ordovician-Silurian extinction as well as many new species

Explanation:

Prolyl hydroxylase cannot effectively utilize copper as a substitute for iron in its redox active center. The specific chemical properties of iron make it crucial for the enzyme's function.

Prolyl hydroxylase is an enzyme that plays a critical role in the post-translational modification of proteins. It contains an iron (Fe) redox active center, which is essential for its catalytic activity. Iron is a transition metal with specific chemical properties that allow it to participate in redox reactions, making it an ideal cofactor for this enzyme.

Copper (Cu), although also a transition metal, has different chemical properties that make it less suitable for this specific role. The redox potentials of copper and iron are different, meaning that copper would not provide the same catalytic efficiency as iron in prolyl hydroxylase's active site. Additionally, the coordination geometry and ligand preferences of copper differ from those of iron, which may lead to altered enzyme structure and function.

In summary, although copper is a transition metal like iron, its distinct chemical properties make it an unsuitable substitute for iron in the redox active center of prolyl hydroxylase.

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Atoms of silicon have 0.15 moles.

\(4.0 × 10^2^4\) atoms of silicon.

We have to find the number of moles.

Silicon has the atomic number 14.

One mole of silicon contains \(6.023× 10^2^3\) atoms.

\(6.023× 10^2^3\)number of atoms are present in one mole of silicon.

\(4.0*10^24\)number of atoms will have-

\(6.023*10^2^3/4.0*10^2^4=0.15\) moles.

Thus atoms of silicon have 0.15 moles.

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Answer:

#10. The answer for number 10 is filament

Answer: 1/ms=8mk

Explanation:

Assuming the gas behaves ideally, we can use the ideal gas law:

PV = nRT

where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

First, we need to convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin by adding 273.15:

T = 45°C + 273.15 = 318.15 K

Next, we can plug in the values we have and solve for pressure:

P = nRT/V

P = (2.2 mol)(0.08206 L·atm/mol·K)(318.15 K)/(7.5 L)

P ≈ 16.4 atm

Therefore, the pressure exerted by 2.2 moles of gas with a temperature of 45°C and a volume of 7.5 L is approximately 16.4 atm.

The electron-domain geometry and molecular geometry of boron trifluoride are:

A. tetrahedral, trigonal planar.

Boron trifluoride (BF₃) exhibits a tetrahedral electron-domain geometry and a trigonal planar molecular geometry. The central boron atom is surrounded by three fluorine atoms, forming three bonding electron domains and no lone pairs.

The repulsion between these electron domains pushes the fluorine atoms apart, resulting in a trigonal planar molecular shape. Despite the tetrahedral electron-domain geometry, the lack of lone pairs on the central atom allows the fluorine atoms to arrange themselves in a flat, trigonal planar configuration.

This arrangement optimizes the separation of electron domains, minimizing electron repulsion and achieving a stable molecular structure for boron trifluoride. Therefore, the correct option is A. tetrahedral, trigonal planar.

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Answer:helium or the noble gases

Explanation: The ionization energy decreases from top to bottom in groups, and increases from left to right across a period. Thus, helium has the largest ionizing energy

The natural setting of a poem can contribute to its theme in several ways.

For example, if the poem takes place in a lush and vibrant forest, this may symbolize growth, renewal, and the cycle of life. Alternatively, if the poem takes place in a barren desert or wasteland, this may symbolize decay, death, and emptiness.

The natural setting can also contribute to the mood of the poem, with serene and tranquil landscapes evoking peacefulness and calm, while harsh and stormy landscapes may evoke feelings of fear and turmoil.

Overall, the natural setting can help to reinforce the underlying message or meaning of the poem, adding depth and resonance to its themes and ideas.

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Answer:

They're too small

Explanation:

Atoms are smaller than the wavelength of visible light

Answer:

too small

Explanation:

The correct answer is B) zymomonas. Ethanolic fermentation, which is the process of converting sugars into ethanol (alcohol) and carbon dioxide by yeast, is commonly used in the production of beverages like beer, wine, and pulque.

While there are various microorganisms that can carry out fermentation, yeast is the primary organism involved in ethanolic fermentation.

Zymomonas is a type of bacteria that is known for its ability to perform ethanolic fermentation. It can efficiently convert sugars into ethanol and carbon dioxide, making it suitable for industrial applications such as the production of alcoholic beverages.

Clostridium, Leuconostoc, Lactobacillus, and Propionibacterium are other types of microorganisms, but they are not primarily involved in ethanolic fermentation. They may have different metabolic pathways or be associated with other fermentation processes, but they are not the main organisms responsible for the production of ethanol in the context of beverage production.

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Answer:

Explanation:

The reaction undergoing least change in volume will have lowest change in entropy .

1 ) C₂H₂(g) + 5/2O₂(g) → 2CO₂(g) + H₂O(g)

change in volume = 2.5 +1 - ( 2 + 1 ) = 0.5

2 ) CH₄(g) + 2O₂(g) → CO₂(g) + 2H₂O(g)

change in volume = 2 +1 - ( 2 + 1 ) = zero

3 ) C₂H₆(g) + 7/2O₂(g) → 2CO₂(g) + 3H₂O(g)

change in volume = 3 +2 - ( 3.5  + 1 ) = 0.5

4 ) C₂H₄(g) + 3O₂(g) → 2CO₂(g) + 2H₂O(g)

change in volume = 2 +2 - ( 3  + 1 ) = zero

Hence least change in volume is in case no - 2 and 4 .

In reaction

C₂H₄(g) + 3O₂(g) → 2CO₂(g) + 2H₂O(g) and

CH₄(g) + 2O₂(g) → CO₂(g) + 2H₂O(g)

∆S° or change in entropy is least .

Answer:

protons 30

neutrons 35

electrons 30

NaCl solution will be used for the samples with Electricity conduction. It is choice A.

Electrical conduction is the development of electrically charged particles through a transmission medium. In response to an electric field, the movement can produce an electric current.

The fundamental system for this development relies upon the material. At the point when the sodium chloride breaks down in water, the sodium iotas and chlorine particles separate affected by the water atoms.

In the water, they can move freely as positively and negatively charged ions. The solution can carry electricity because of this charge separation.

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Question:

Watch the liveliness, then mark off the examples that will direct power. Select all relevant options. View Available Hints Select all relevant options.

a) NaCl arrangement

b) Strong NaCl

c) Strong sugar

d) Sugar arrangement

(i) The initial-boundary value problem for the given scenarios are as follows:

a) Scenario a:

PDE: ∂u/∂t = k * ∂²u/∂x²

Initial condition: u(x, 0) = 100 (boiling water temperature)

Boundary conditions: u(0, t) = 10, u(L, t) = 10 (constant temperature at the ends)

b) Scenario b:

PDE: ∂u/∂t = k * ∂²u/∂x²

Initial condition: u(x, 0) = 100 (boiling water temperature)

Boundary conditions: u(0, t) = 0 (temperature at x=0), ∂u/∂x(L, t) = 0 (thermal insulation at x=L)

(iii) The solution for the temperature distribution as time approaches infinity can be found by solving the appropriate steady state equation.

(i) The initial-boundary value problem formulation states the partial differential equation (PDE) governing the temperature distribution in the aluminum bar, along with the initial condition and boundary conditions.

In scenario (a), both ends of the bar are immersed in a medium with a constant temperature of 10 degrees Celsius, while in scenario (b), the end at x=0 is immersed in a medium with temperature 0 degrees Celsius and the end at x=L is insulated.

(ii) As time approaches infinity, the temperature distribution in the bar tends to reach a steady state.

In scenario (a), the temperature throughout the bar will eventually approach a constant value of 10 degrees Celsius, since both ends are immersed in a medium with that temperature.

In scenario (b), the temperature at x=0 will approach 0 degrees Celsius, while the temperature at x=L will remain constant due to thermal insulation.

(iii) To find the solution as time approaches infinity, we need to solve the appropriate steady state equation.

In scenario (a), the steady state equation is ∂²u/∂x² = 0, which implies that the temperature gradient is zero throughout the bar, resulting in a constant temperature of 10 degrees Celsius.

In scenario (b), the steady state equation is ∂²u/∂x² = 0 with the boundary condition u(0) = 0, which implies a linear temperature distribution from 0 degrees Celsius at x=0 to a constant temperature at x=L due to insulation.

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Answer:

in copper from different plastics because appliances of codes to power day in wire copper the cover to use to plastic

Answer:

pretty sure it is vacuole

Explanation:

...

Answer:

CH4 - Methane

B2Si - Diboron monosilicide

N2O5 - Dinitrogen pentoxide

CO2 - Carbon dioxide

Explanation:

When it comes to naming covalent compounds, there are several rules.

The name is derived based on the formula. For example, N2O5. The first element is nitrogen. To the name of the element, you add the prefix that tells us how many of its atoms are in the compound. In this case, there are two atoms, which means that the prefix will be di- (dinitrogen). The second element is oxygen. You are supposed to take only the root of the second element's name and then add the prefix denoting the number of its atoms and the suffix -ide (pentoxide). This is how we'll get dinitrogen pentoxide.

The only exception is methane (CH4), which is an organic compound. Organic compounds are named using the IUPAC nomenclature.

Answer:

C

Explanation:

Electrons are negatively charged with a charge of -1e. They can move between atoms while protons stay in the atom.

Answer:

Explanation:

The density of a substance can be found by using the formula

\(density = \frac{mass}{volume} \\\)

From the question

mass of gold bar = 34.5 g

volume = 17 mL

We have

\(density = \frac{34.5}{17} \\ = 2.02941176...\)

We have the final answer as

Hope this helps you

A chemical reaction that normally occurs in the cytoplasm of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic living cells is known as fermentation.

An anaerobic reaction is a biological or chemical process that doesn't need oxygen, such fermentation and glycolysis.

As a result, since fermentation is anaerobic, oxygen is not needed.

Lactic acid fermentation produces significantly less adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and is less effective than cellular respiration.

More high-energy intermediates that can be oxidized to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are produced during cellular respiration than are produced during lactic acid fermentation.

In comparison to cellular respiration, lactic acid fermentation is often less effective and generates significantly less adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

As a result, the following phrases/words are the most suitable and accurate to fill in the blanks:

1)  cytoplasm

2) Anaerobic

3) Does not require

4)  Much less

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A single water molecule (H-O-H) is held together by covalent bonds.

In a water molecule, one oxygen atom is bonded to two hydrogen atoms. These atoms are held together by covalent bonds, which involve the sharing of electrons between the atoms. Specifically, the oxygen atom shares one electron with each of the hydrogen atoms, and each hydrogen atom shares one electron with the oxygen atom. This sharing of electrons allows each atom to have a stable electron configuration, forming a strong and stable bond.

The resulting molecule has a bent shape, with an angle of approximately 104.5 degrees between the hydrogen-oxygen-hydrogen atoms. This shape contributes to the unique properties of water, such as its polarity and hydrogen bonding capabilities.

Additionally, water molecules have a dipole moment, meaning they have a slight positive and negative charge, allowing them to interact with other polar molecules. Overall, the structure and properties of the water molecule play a crucial role in its importance for life and the environment.

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Answer:

Honestly no idea

Explanation:

FOOOOOOOOD

The Group 2 alkaline earth metals include Beryllium, Magnesium, Calcium, Barium, Strontium and Radium and are soft, silver metals that are less metallic in character than the Group 1 Alkali Metals.

Answer:

79.8g/dm³

Explanation:

As you can see, the solution in the problem contains 0.5 moles of copper sulfate per dm³. To solve this question we must convert these moles to grams using its molar mass (Molar mass CuSO4 = 159.609g/mol) as follows:

0.5mol CuSO4/dm³ * (159.609g/mol) =

Answer:

569K

Explanation:

Q = 3.5kJ = 3500J

mass = 28.2g

∅1 = 20°C = 20 + 273 = 293K

∅2 = x

c = 0.449

Q = mc∆∅

3500 = 28.2×0.449×∆∅

3500 = 12.6618×∆∅

∆∅ = 3500/12.6618

∆∅ = 276.4220

∅2 - ∅1 = 276.4220

∅2 = 276.4220 + ∅1

∅2 = 276.4220 + 293

∅2 = 569.4220K

∅2 = 569K

When the temperature is increased, there is the increase in thermal energy of the system. The final temperature of the iron in kelvins is 570 K.

The energy is the ability to do work.

Given is the energy Q = 3.5 kJ = 3500 J, mass of sample m = 28.2 g, specific heat of iron Cp = 0.449 J(g•K).

The initial temperature in kelvins is T1 = 20°C = 20 + 273 = 293K

The heat is related to the temperature difference as

Q = m c ∆T

Substitute the values into the expression,

3500 = 28.2 × 0.449 × ∆T

3500 = 12.6618 × (T2 -T1)

T2 - T1 = 276.4220

T2 = 276.4220 K +293 K

T2 = 569.4220K

The temperature of the iron is approximately 570 K.

Thus, the final temperature of the iron in kelvins is 570K.

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