Iron (Fe) is a transition metal that has the electron configuration of [Ar] 3d6 4s2. In its ground state, the six electrons in its d orbitals are arranged in three pairs with opposite spin. However, Fe can lose one or more of these electrons to form ions or compounds, and in some cases, it can result in unpaired electrons in its d orbitals.
For example, Fe2+ has lost two electrons, leaving it with the electron configuration of [Ar] 3d6. In this case, there are four unpaired electrons in its d orbitals, specifically in the 3dxy, 3dxz, 3dyz, and 3dz2 orbitals. These four orbitals each have one electron with the same spin, making them unpaired.
Similarly, Fe3+ has lost three electrons, leaving it with the electron configuration of [Ar] 3d5. In this case, there are five unpaired electrons in its d orbitals, specifically in the 3dxy, 3dxz, 3dyz, 3dz2, and 3dx2-y2 orbitals. These five orbitals each have one electron with the same spin, making them unpaired.
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Justify how the octet rule helps to predict which elements can bond with each other. Be sure to cite specific examples and non examples in
your response
preferAnswer:
The octet rule refers to the tendency of atoms to prefer to have eight electrons in the valence shell. When atoms have fewer than eight electrons, they tend to react and form more stable compounds. Atoms will react to get in the most stable state possible
Explanation:
Hopefully this is what your looking for
A rocket can be powered by the reaction between dinitrogen tetroxide and hydrazine:
20a
An engineer designed the rocket to hold 1. 35 kg N2O4 and excess N2H4. How much N2 would be produced according to the engineer's design? Enter your answer in scientific notation.
Expressing this answer in scientific notation, the amount of N2 produced according to the engineer's design would be approximately 1.467 x 10^1 mol.
To determine the amount of N2 produced in the reaction between dinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4) and excess hydrazine (N2H4), we need to consider the stoichiometry of the reaction.
The balanced equation for the reaction is:
N2H4 + N2O4 → N2 + 2H2O
According to the stoichiometry of the reaction, for every one mole of N2H4, one mole of N2 is produced. The molar mass of N2H4 is approximately 32.05 g/mol.
Given that the rocket is designed to hold 1.35 kg (1350 g) of N2O4, we can calculate the moles of N2H4 required:
Moles of N2H4 = Mass of N2O4 / Molar mass of N2O4
Moles of N2H4 = 1350 g / 92.01 g/mol ≈ 14.67 mol
Since the stoichiometry is 1:1, the amount of N2 produced will be equal to the moles of N2H4:
Moles of N2 produced = Moles of N2H4 ≈ 14.67 mol
Expressing this answer in scientific notation, the amount of N2 produced according to the engineer's design would be approximately 1.467 x 10^1 mol.
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Is hydrogen formed as a product?
Answer:
Hydrogen may be used in fuel cells for local electricity generation or potentially as a transportation fuel. Hydrogen is produced as a by-product of industrial chlorine production by electrolysis.
Nguyên tử của nguyên tố X có tổng số hạt 40. Tổng số hạt mang điện nhiều hơn số hạt không mang điện là 12 hạt.
plsss help ASAP!!!
BRAINLIEST
Answer:
-175.15
Explanation:
1.0 °C = 274.15 K
2.0 °C = 275.15 K
3.0 °C = 276.15 K
4.0 °C = 277.15 K
5.0 °C = 278.15 K
6.0 °C = 279.15 K
7.0 °C = 280.15 K
8.0 °C = 281.15 K
9.0 °C = 282.15 K
Astronomers studying the planet of Rhombus have detected sedimentary rock on its surface. One astronomer wonders if material in this sedimentary rock used to be in igneous rock deep in Rhombus's interior. Can igneous rock become sedimentary rock? Explain your answer
Yes, igneous rock become sedimentary rock through a process called sedimentation.
The sedimentary rock formed in the process above arises from sediment that was compacted and cemented. When igneous rock is lifted up by plate motion toward Rhombus’s surface, it become exposed to energy from Rhombus’s sun. Therefore, wind and water can move and breakdown the igneous rock into sediment. This process here, the sedimentary rock could have been igneous rock.In sedimentation, An igneous rock is broken down or crushed into little piece of rock called sediment, the sediment is then packed together as a result of othe rocks or strong forces, that form together to make a Sedimentary rock.
Conclusively, The process of erosion, heat and depositing rock grains which can also be known as sedimentation can alter or change igneous rock into sedimentary rock.
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Determina la masa atómica promedio del cobre teniendo en cuenta que este elemento se encuentra en la naturaleza en forma de dos isótopos: el 65Cu con una abundancia del 69,09% y una masa de 62,9298 u.M.A.; y el 63Cu con una abundancia del 30,91% y una masa de 64,9278 u.M.A.
Answer:
63.5474U.M.A. es la masa atómica promedio del cobre
Explanation:
La masa atómica promedio de un átomo es definida como la suma de las masas de los isótopos multiplicada por su abundancia. Para el caso del cobre que tiene dos isótopos:
Cu = Masa 65Cu*Abundancia + Masa 63Cu*Abundancia
Reemplazando con los valores dados en el problema:
Cu = 62.9298U.M.A.*0.6909 + 64.9278U.M.A.*0.3091
Cu = 63.5474U.M.A. es la masa atómica promedio del cobre
the ph of blood is 7.4 and that of saliva is 6.4. how much more hydronium ion (h3o ) is in the saliva than in the blood? select one: a. it remains the same b. 10x more hydronium ion c. 100x more hydronium ion d. 1000x more hydronium
The difference in pH between blood and saliva (1 unit) indicates that the concentration of H+ ions in saliva is 10 times higher than in blood. option B is correct.
A pH of 7 is considered neutral, meaning the concentration of H+ and hydroxide ions (OH-) are equal. A pH below 7 indicates an acidic solution, with a higher concentration of H+ ions, while a pH above 7 indicates a basic solution, with a higher concentration of OH- ions. Therefore, the pH of saliva indicates that it is slightly acidic compared to blood, which is slightly basic. The difference in pH between blood and saliva can be used to calculate the difference in concentration of H+ ions. The pH scale is logarithmic, which means that for every one unit change in pH, the concentration of H+ ions changes by a factor of 10. This means that saliva is more acidic than blood and contains a higher concentration of H+ ions.
option B
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Question (a)Calculate the empirical formula of a compound that has the following composition by mass. 29.0% Na, 40.5% S, O=30.4%
The first step to answer this question is to assume that the given percents are masses.
Then, convert these masses to moles using the corresponding molar mass:
\(\begin{gathered} 29.0gNa\cdot\frac{1molNa}{22.98gNa}=1.26molNa \\ 40.5gS\cdot\frac{1molS}{32.065gS}=1.26molS \\ 30.4gO\cdot\frac{1molO}{15.999gO}=1.9molO \end{gathered}\)Divide each result by the least result (1.26mol):
\(\begin{gathered} \frac{1.26mol}{1.26mol}=1 \\ \frac{1.26mol}{1.26mol}=1 \\ \frac{1.9mol}{1.26mol}=1.5 \end{gathered}\)Since not all of these are whole numbers, we have to multiply them times 2:
\(\begin{gathered} 1\cdot2=2 \\ 1\cdot2=2 \\ 1.5\cdot2=3 \end{gathered}\)These numbers are the subscripts of each element in the empirical formula.
It means that the empirical formula of this compound is:
\(Na_2S_2O_3\)after 0.00440 moles of c₅h₅nh⁺ and 0.00289 moles of oh⁻ have reacted, what species would be left in the beaker after the reaction goes to completion?
To determine the species left in the beaker after the reaction goes to completion, we need to identify the limiting reactant. We can do this by comparing the moles of each reactant and their stoichiometric coefficients in the balanced chemical equation.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between C₅H₅NH⁺ and OH⁻ is:
C₅H₅NH⁺ + OH⁻ → C₅H₅N + H₂O
From the equation, we can see that the stoichiometric ratio between C₅H₅NH⁺ and OH⁻ is 1:1.
Given:
Moles of C₅H₅NH⁺ = 0.00440 moles
Moles of OH⁻ = 0.00289 moles
Since the stoichiometric ratio is 1:1, the reactant with the lower number of moles will be completely consumed, and the excess reactant will be left in the beaker.
Comparing the moles, we see that OH⁻ is the limiting reactant because it has fewer moles than C₅H₅NH⁺.
Therefore, after the reaction goes to completion, the species left in the beaker would be the excess C₅H₅NH⁺.
Note: The term "goes to completion" implies that the reaction proceeds until one of the reactants is completely consumed. In reality, the reaction may not go to completion due to side reactions, equilibrium, or other factors.
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Calculate the energy released by the electron-capture decay of 5727Co . Consider only the energy of the nuclei (ignore the energy of the surrounding electrons). The following masses are given: 5727Co: 56.936296u 5726Fe: 56.935399u Express your answer in megaelectron volts ( 1u
Considering only the energy of the nuclei, the energy released by the electron-capture decay of 5727Co is approximately 0.836 MeV.
To calculate the energy released by the electron-capture decay of 5727Co, we'll use the given masses and the mass-energy equivalence formula.
First, we find the mass difference between the parent nucleus (5727Co) and the daughter nucleus (5726Fe):
Δm = m(5727Co) - m(5726Fe) = 56.936296u - 56.935399u = 0.000897u
Now, we'll convert this mass difference to energy using the mass-energy equivalence formula E=mc² and the conversion factors for atomic mass units (u) and electron volts (eV):
E = Δm * c²
E = 0.000897u * (931.5 MeV/u) = 0.8356415 MeV
So, the energy released by the electron-capture decay of 5727Co is approximately 0.836 MeV.
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You run from your house to the grocery store in 1.0 minute, and the store is 300 meters from your house. What is your average speed in meters per second for the trip?
Answer: 3
Explanation:
Identify the noble gas that is used by researchers to cool down samples for analysis.
O helium
O radon
O iodine
O oxygen
O neon
Neon
The noble gas that is used by researchers to cool down samples for analysis is neon.
What is a noble gas?
A noble gas is a group of elements that make up group 18 of the periodic table. Noble gases are nonreactive, nonmetallic chemical elements that have full outer electron shells (thus making them highly stable) and low reactivity. The six noble gases are helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), and radon (Rn).
What are the uses of neon?
Neon has a number of applications in a variety of fields, some of which are listed below:
Electronics: neon is used in high-voltage indicators, lightning arresters, and electronic equipment as a low-pressure gas.
Neon lamps are used in night glow signs and decorative lighting for homes and businesses. Lasers: Neon gas is used in gas lasers, which are frequently used in medical equipment and research laboratories.
Radiometric dating: Radon-222, a decay product of radium-226, can be used to date rocks and fossils.
Neon is used by researchers to cool down samples for analysis.
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what element is used in bicycles?
Answer: It wasn't that long ago that frames were made out of cast iron or even wood. Today bicycles are made out of exotic materials such as titanium, aluminum, and carbon fiber. Bicycle frames in the 1990s are lighter and stronger than ever before. A racing bicycle frame with parts of the frameset indicated.
Explanation:
Bicycles are now made of exotic materials like titanium, aluminum, and carbon fiber. Bicycle frames are lighter and stronger than ever before in the 1990s.
What metal is used to make bicycles?Steel is the most common material used in bike frames. Carbon or high-tensile steel is a good, strong, and long-lasting steel, but it isn't as light as its more advanced sibling, chromoly steel.
So we've established that the bike has mass and occupies space, and thus the bicycle is matter.
Some bicycles are constructed from titanium or scandium-aluminum alloyed metals. Some bicycles have a steel alloyed frame.
Thus, Recycling yields aluminum, iron (and steel), magnesium, titanium, zinc, and silica (from glass). Bicycles are now made of exotic materials like titanium, aluminum, and carbon fiber.
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why do molecules have the most variation in their properties from the elements that make them?
Molecules have the most variation in their properties from the elements that make them because of the nature of chemical bonding.
Molecules are the smallest particles in a chemical element or compound that have the chemical properties of that element or compound. Whereas, an element is a substance made up of only one type of atom. The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom distinguishes one element from another. The properties of molecules and elements differ.
As molecules are made up of two or more atoms that are chemically bonded, they possess properties different from those of the constituent atoms, including unique chemical and physical properties such as boiling and melting points, solubility, conductivity, and reactivity.
In simple terms, the properties of molecules vary from those of the atoms from which they are formed due to the formation of new bonds between atoms. Chemical bonding is the process of holding two or more atoms together by electrostatic forces to produce molecules, crystals, or other stable aggregations of matter. The four types of chemical bonds are Ionic, covalent, metallic, and hydrogen.
As a result, each molecule has its unique set of properties and differs from the properties of the elements they are made of.
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the mass of a proton is
A: the same as an electron
B: the same as an neutron
C: more than a neutron
D: less than an electron
Answer:
A
Explanation:
the same as an electron
6. An organic compound is analyzed and found to be carbon \( 51.90 \% \), hydrogen \( 9.80 \% \), and chlorine \( 38.30 \% \). What is the empirical formula of this compound? 7. A sample of oxygen gas
6. An organic compound is analyzed and found to be carbon (51.90%), hydrogen (9.80%), and chlorine (38.30%). To get the empirical formula of a compound, follow these steps:
Assume the mass to be 100 g, so we will have 51.90 g of carbon, 9.80 g of hydrogen, and 38.30 g of chlorine.Calculate the moles of each element by dividing their mass by their atomic weight.Divide all of the moles by the smallest number of moles to find the ratio of the elements.Use the ratio to determine the empirical formula.The atomic weight of carbon, hydrogen, and chlorine are 12, 1, and 35.5 respectively.Carbon:
51.90 / 12 = 4.325 moles
Hydrogen: 9.80 / 1 = 9.80 moles
Chlorine: 38.30 / 35.5 = 1.080 moles
Carbon: 4.325 / 1.080 = 4
Hydrogen: 9.80 / 1.080 = 9
Chlorine: 1.080 / 1.080 = 1
The empirical formula of the compound is therefore C4H9Cl.
7. A sample of oxygen gas Oxygen has the chemical symbol O. It is a chemical element with the atomic number 8 and atomic weight of 15.9994. O2 is the most prevalent molecular form of oxygen. It is utilized in many applications, including welding and metal cutting as well as medical therapies.
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If 42.36 mL of a standard 0.1270 M NaOH solution is required to neutralize 35.78 mL of H2SO4, what is the molarity of the acid solution
The molarity of the acid solution is 0.075 mol/L.
Molarity = (moles of solute) / (liters of solution)
Volume of NaOH solution = 42.36 mL = 0.04236 L
Liters of H₂SO₄ solution = 35.78 mL = 0.03578 L
Concentration of NaOH solution = 0.1270 M
To find out the moles of NaOH used in the reaction, we can use the formula:
Moles of solute = Concentration x Volume of solution in liters
Moles of NaOH = 0.1270 M x 0.04236 L = 0.00537172 mol
Since the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between NaOH and H2SO4 is:
2 NaOH + H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + 2 H₂O
Moles of H₂SO₄ = 0.5 x Moles of NaOH = 0.5 x 0.00537172 mol = 0.00268586 mol
Now, we can calculate the molarity of H₂SO4using the above formula:
Molarity of H₂SO₄ = (moles of H₂SO₄) / (liters of H₂SO₄ solution)
Molarity of H₂SO₄ = 0.00268586 mol / 0.03578 L = 0.075 mol/L
Therefore, the molarity of the acid solution is 0.075 mol/L.
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If 57500 joules of heat are given off when a sample of steam condenses, what is the mass of the steam?
Answer:
m = 0.025 kg
Explanation:
Condensation is the change of state of a substance from vapor to liquid. This involves the specific latent heat of vaporisation of water = 2.25 × 10^6 J/kg
Amount of heat (Q) = mass (m) × Specific latent heat of vaporisation (Lv)
m = Q ÷ Lv
m = (57500 J) ÷ (2.25 × 10^6 J/kg)
m = 0.025 kg
Why is carbon dioxide a necessary part of the atmosphere.
Answer:
helps to trap heat in our atmosphere
Information gathered from observations and
experimentation is called?
Answer: Observing
Explanation: Information gathered in an experiment is called data, and its represents observations derived from the methods of the experiment on its sample elements. Hope this helped! :)
The Information gathered from observations and experimentation is called empirical evidence. Empirical evidence is a significant part of scientific research and helps to further results and discussions.
What is scientific research?Scientific research is a well designed and organised steps to conducts a scientific experiment for solving a problem under study. The research methodologies include logical, economic and creative ways to reveal the solution for a problem.
Information obtained through testing or observation is known as empirical evidence. These data are logged and examined by scientists. The procedure, which is a key component of the scientific method, results in the confirmation or rejection of a hypothesis and, as a result, improves our knowledge of the universe.
A hypothesis can be tested and accurately evaluated using different types of data collection, such as experiments that aim to produce a quantifiable or observable reaction, trials that replicate experiments to test their effectiveness or other methods of data collection.
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is liquid nitrogen and nitrogen gas itself considered as a liquid gas mixture?? And why?
Answer:
No
Explanation:
I think because liquid nitrogen is only made by 1 substance which is nitrogen that exist as a gas.. It only become liquid when the temperature is very cold not because of other combination of elements.. Hope it helps
Which of the following are functions of the nose?
I. Filters the air before it goes to the lungs.
II. Helps us keep our balance
III. Helps us smell different odors.
I and II
I and III
II and III
I, II, and III
Answer:
The answer should be I and III
Answer:
| and |||
Explanation:
pascal's principle explains . (check all that apply.)multiple select question.the flow of fluid in a pipepressure propagation in enclosed static fluidsfluid viscositythe hydraulic jack
Pascal's principle explains the hydraulic jack pressure propagation in enclosed static fluids, option D.
A strain change in one region of a liquid very still in a shut compartment is moved without misfortune to all region of the liquid as well as the holder walls, as per Pascal's guideline, some of the time known as Pascal's regulation. The French physicist Blaise Pascal at first expressed the thought.
Pressure is created when the force applied is multiplied by the surface area. Pascal's standard expresses that a strain ascend on one cylinder in a water powered framework causes an identical press one more cylinder in the framework. Assuming the second cylinder's region is multiple times higher than the first's, regardless of whether the strain is something very similar, the power following up on the subsequent cylinder will be multiple times more.
A good illustration of this effect is the hydraulic press, which is based on Pascal's idea and is used in systems like hydraulic brakes. Additionally, Pascal observed that a fluid's resting point has the same pressure in all directions; As a result, all planes passing through a given location would experience the same amount of pressure. Pascal's regulation or the Pascal's standard are different names for this reality.
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3
A student has a 5. 00 gram sample of calcium chloride (CaCl2) solid. How many moles of calcium chloride are
contained in this sample?
The number of moles of calcium chloride ( CaCl₂) are contained in the given sample is 0.045 moles.
Given that :
The mass of the calcium chloride, CaCl₂ = 5 g
The molar mass of the calcium chloride, CaCl₂ = 110.98 g /mol
The number of moles can be calculated by the formula given below :
The number of moles = mass / molar mass
where,
Mass = 5 g
Molar mass = 119.98 g/mol
The number of moles = 5 g / 110.98 g /mol
The number of moles = 0.045 moles.
The moles of the calcium chloride , CaCl₂ is 0.045 mol.
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how does cell membrane work (kinda easy)
Answer:
The cell membrane, also called the plasma membrane, is found in all cells and separates the interior of the cell from the outside environment. The cell membrane consists of a lipid bilayer that is semipermeable. The cell membrane regulates the transport of materials entering and exiting the cell.
What is cell differentiation?
IMMUNE CELL
STEM CELL
EPITHELIAL CELL
NERVOUS CELL
How the cell gets energy
Artificially modifying genes in organisms for desired traits
Cloning an organism
o the process of cells changing to serve a specific function
answer
the answer is B i think
Explanation:
What would be the molar mass of sodium?
Answer:
Explanation: 29.99g/mol
Answer:
23.0 g/mol
Explanation:
To find the molar mass of sodium or Na, look at the periodic table.
Then try to find where sodium is.
After that, then try to check the atomic mass of sodium.
The atomic mass of sodium is 23.0
So the molar mass is 23.0 g/mol
That's it. Molar mass means the same thing as atomic mass.
Hope it helped!
Write formulas and other symbols for these substances.
a. Sulfur trioxide (SO3) gas
b. Potassium nitrate (KNO3) dissolved in water
c. Heat supplied to a chemical reaction
d. Metallic copper
e. Liquid mercury
f. Zinc chloride (ZnCl2) as a catalyst
The chemical formula of mentioned substances is as follows 1) SO₃ 2) K\(^+\) and NO₃\(^-\) 3) ΔH 4) Cu 5) Hg (l) 6)ZnCl₂.
What is chemical formula?Chemical formula is a way of representing the number of atoms present in a compound or molecule.It is written with the help of symbols of elements. It also makes use of brackets and subscripts.
Subscripts are used to denote number of atoms of each element and brackets indicate presence of group of atoms. Chemical formula does not contain words. Chemical formula in the simplest form is called empirical formula.
It is not the same as structural formula and does not have any information regarding structure.It does not provide any information regarding structure of molecule as obtained in structural formula.
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I currently just need help with this right now.
Answer:
2.43 grams are needed
Explanation:
I did the test
Hope this helps :)