If lateral inhibition was the correct explanation for the Hermann grid illusion, than the illusion would be caused by activity at the _____ level, but if center-surround was the correct explanation then it would be caused by activity at the _____ level. LGN, Retinal. Retinal, LGN. V1, Retinal. Retinal, V1.
Answers
In summary, if lateral inhibition is the correct explanation, the illusion is caused by activity at the retinal level. If the center-surround mechanism is the correct explanation, the illusion is caused by activity at the LGN level. These two explanations highlight different levels of neural processing involved in the perception of the Hermann grid illusion.
If lateral inhibition was the correct explanation for the Hermann grid illusion, the illusion would be caused by activity at the retinal level. Lateral inhibition refers to the process where the activity of one neuron inhibits the activity of neighboring neurons.
In the context of the Hermann grid illusion, it is believed that lateral inhibition between retinal ganglion cells causes the perceived dark spots at the intersections of the grid.
On the other hand, if the center-surround mechanism was the correct explanation, the illusion would be caused by activity at the LGN (lateral geniculate nucleus) level.
The center-surround mechanism refers to the receptive fields of neurons in the visual system, where there is a central region that responds to light and a surrounding region that inhibits the response.
In this case, it is proposed that the interaction between the center and surround receptive fields in the LGN contributes to the Hermann grid illusion.
In summary, if lateral inhibition is the correct explanation, the illusion is caused by activity at the retinal level. If the center-surround mechanism is the correct explanation, the illusion is caused by activity at the LGN level. These two explanations highlight different levels of neural processing involved in the perception of the Hermann grid illusion.
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Related Questions
what occurs in the sexual reproduction phase of the fungus life cycle?
Answers
In the sexual reproduction phase of the fungus life cycle, two haploid cells fuse to form a diploid zygote.
Sexual reproduction in fungi involves the fusion of two haploid cells, each with a single set of chromosomes, to form a diploid zygote with two sets of chromosomes. This zygote then undergoes meiosis to produce new haploid cells, which can grow and develop into new fungal individuals. The sexual reproduction phase in fungi is important for genetic recombination and the generation of genetic diversity. The exact details of the sexual reproduction phase can vary among different species of fungi, but it is typically characterized by the formation of specialized reproductive structures, such as fruiting bodies or hyphae, and the release of gametes or spores that can fuse with compatible partners.
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Someone help me with both of these pleaseee:((
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Answer:
Clavical
Muscular and Integumentary
Explanation:
I had to make a skeleton for a school project. Weird I know
what is known as function
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Answer:
Function, in mathematics, an expression, rule, or law that defines a relationship between one variable (the independent variable) and another variable (the dependent variable).
You discover a new type of marine organism that has the kidneys of a fish but no gills. Based on what you know about other aquatic organisms, the newly discovered organism is _____ compared to the surrounding water. hypotonic isotonic hypertonic
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The newly discovered organism is hypotonic compared to the surrounding water. Thus, the correct option for this question is A.
What will happen if aquatic organisms have kidneys?The function of the kidneys in aquatic organisms is to excrete excess water by retaining most of the filtered solutes. This makes the aquatic organisms more survival because the retaining of solutes gives more energy.
If the newly discovered organism is hypotonic to the surrounding water, it takes the water from the surrounding atmosphere which is then excreted by the kidney through the retention of filtered solutes. This mechanism is accomplished by simple diffusion. While gills are not present in the newly formed organism.
Therefore, the newly discovered organism is hypotonic compared to the surrounding water. Thus, the correct option for this question is A.
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Identify the steps of the lysogenict
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Answer:
cycle:
1. Attachment: A bacteriophage attaches to the surface of a bacterial cell.
2. Entry: The viral DNA is injected into the bacterium and integrates into the host chromosome.
3. Prophage: The integrated viral DNA is known as a prophage and is replicated along with the bacterial chromosome.
4. Replication: The prophage replicates along with the bacterial DNA during cell division.
5. Induction: A trigger, such as stress or UV radiation, causes the prophage to leave the bacterial chromosome and enter the lytic cycle.
6. Lytic cycle: The viral DNA begins replicating and producing new phages, which lyse the host cell and release new viruses.
7. Release: The newly produced phages are released into the environment to find other bacterial cells to infect.
Note: The lysogenic cycle can sometimes be followed by the lytic cycle, in which the virus uses the host cell to produce new viruses, ultimately leading to lysis of the host cell.
Match sentence and word.- Often the fossil record is incomplete becauseAnswer 1- The arm bones of the whales and dogs are Answer 2- When mutations change the DNA sequence, it sometimes leads to Answer 3 - Parts of living things that come from the same basic structure even if the actual use of that structure is different.Answer 4- Homologous structures Answer 5
Answers
In order of appearance, the answers are:
1.- not all fossil types have been found.
2.- homologous structures.
3.- variation in the protein structures that lead to changes in a trait.
4.- homologous structures.
5.- the wing of a bird, fin of a whale, and arm of a human.
Need help with emt science class hard for me
Answers
Answer: true true false
Explanation:
What would be the most likely effect of a large deletion in the gene that encodes the rna part of telomerase, and how would the function of telomerase be affected?.
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Telomerase would lose the function of its internal template and would be unable to correctly associate with telomeres and synthesize new telomeric DNA. :)
The karyotype of an individual with trisomy 18 is represented in the figure. Which of the following errors would have occurred in
A
A failure of sister chromatids to separate in mitosis
Answers
The karyotype of an individual with trisomy 18 is represented as Edward's syndrome. It occurs due to failure of the sister chromatids to separate in mitosis.
What are Mitotic errors?
The karyotype with trisomy 18 is a genetic disorder. It is also known as Edward's syndrome. In this disorder, a person has a third copy of the material from chromosome 18, instead of the usual 2 copies. Rarely, the extra chromosomal material may be attached to another chromosome i.e., translocation. In most cases, this chromosome is not passed down through the families.
During cell division, chromosomes do not always separate equally into daughter cells which results into one daughter cell with extra chromosome and one daughter cell with no or small stretch of chromosome. This sometimes happens in mitotic division, when the sister chromatids fail to separate out during anaphase. One daughter cell thus ends up with more chromosomes in its nucleus than the other cell.
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What is a scavenger?
A) an organism that lives in or on another organism
B) an organism that feeds on dead matter
C) an organism that produces food from the energy in sunlight
D) organisms that eat plants and grasses
Answers
The correct answer is B) an organism that feeds on dead matter.
A scavenger is an organism that obtains its food by consuming dead or decaying organic matter.
These organisms play a crucial role in ecosystems by recycling nutrients and breaking down organic material that would otherwise accumulate.
Scavengers are often attracted to carcasses or decaying organic material, where they feed on the remains of dead plants or animals.
Scavengers can include a variety of organisms from different taxonomic groups, such as vultures, hyenas, flies, beetles, and certain species of bacteria and fungi. They have adaptations that allow them to consume and digest dead matter efficiently.
By consuming dead organic material, scavengers help in the decomposition process, returning nutrients to the ecosystem and maintaining ecological balance. They prevent the accumulation of dead matter, which can lead to the spread of diseases and the release of harmful substances.
In contrast to the other options, which describe different ecological roles or processes, option B accurately characterizes the feeding behavior and ecological role of scavengers in consuming dead matter as a source of nutrition.
Therefore, the correct answer is B.
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Explain how increased physical activity can help to prevent weight gain. A complete answer will include ATP, energy, cellular respiration, CO2 and H2O.
In addition, suppose that the food you eat provides fewer molecules than your cells need for cellular respiration. What will happen to the fat molecules stored in your fat cells?
Answers
Increased physical activity can help to prevent weight gain because of the ATP production that occurs during cellular respiration.
Physical activity is necessary to produce ATP from glucose.ATP is used as an energy source for all physiological processes, including muscular contractions, as well as for synthesizing macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. Increased physical activity will increase ATP demand, leading to a need for more glucose as fuel.The glucose is broken down in cellular respiration, which produces CO2 and H2O. The increase in physical activity means more cellular respiration, leading to a more significant production of CO2 and H2O. As a result, these byproducts are removed from the body by breathing and sweating.This leads to a decrease in weight gain because cellular respiration in muscle cells results in ATP production, which provides the energy necessary for physical activity to occur.Suppose the food you eat provides fewer molecules than your cells need for cellular respiration. In that case, fat molecules stored in fat cells will be broken down to produce ATP. This is because fat cells store lipids, which can be broken down to produce ATP, which can then be used for physical activity. The breakdown of lipids, particularly triglycerides, into fatty acids and glycerol produces energy that the body can use for physical activity.
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High frequency has a ________ wavelength. low frequency has a ______ wavelength. question 1 options: short, long long, short medium, short long, medium
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High frequency has a short wavelength. low frequency has a long wavelength.
Frequency is defined as the number of waves that pass a specific point in unit time. The SI unit used in case of frequency is Hertz (Hz). If the frequency is 1 Hz, it depicts that only 1 wave passed the point at a specific amount of time.
Wavelength is the distance between two consecutive crests or troughs of a wave. The representation of wavelength is done by the symbol λ (lambda). The frequency and wavelength have an inverse relation. This can be observed by the formula
ν (frequency) = c (speed of light) / λ (wavelength).
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Students in a high school marine science class are learning about the scientific process. Four students were asked to write a testable prediction about cold weather and oceans. Their responses are shown in the chart.
Which student’s prediction is the most testable using the scientific process?
A) Olivia
B) Daniel
C) Raphael
D) Simone
Answers
Answer:
Daniel prediction is the most testable using the scientific process.
Answer:
Id say Olivia has the most testable one, please correct me if im wrong
Explanation:
Over the next year, a virus attacks and rapidly kills almost all plants of the tobacco species. A closely related species of tobacco that is resistant to the virus becomes established during that same year. The nectary tube in the resistant species averages 7.5cm. Scientists monitored the area for the next five years to determine how this change affected the moth population. Which of the following best describes the expected distribution of proboscis size of the moths at the end of the five‑year study?
Answers
The change in the nectary tube length of the tobacco plant may result in selection pressure on the proboscis length of the moth population that feeds on it. The resistant species has a nectary tube length of 7.5cm, which is longer than the nectary tube of the original tobacco species.
As a result, the moths with longer proboscises may have an advantage in obtaining nectar from the resistant tobacco plants, while moths with shorter proboscises may be at a disadvantage. Over time, this may lead to a shift in the distribution of proboscis length in the moth population, with an increase in the frequency of longer proboscises and a decrease in the frequency of shorter proboscises.
Therefore, it is expected that the distribution of proboscis size in the moth population will shift towards longer proboscises by the end of the five-year study. However, the exact distribution of proboscis size cannot be predicted without further information, such as the starting distribution of proboscis sizes in the moth population and the strength of the selection pressure.
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Which type of birds do you think survive the drought finches big breaks or finches with small beaks?
Answers
Answer:
Since large and hard seeds survived the drought, that means that finches with large beaks survived the drought. Finches with small beaks would not be able to eat the large seeds and would not survive.
describe the lifestyles of plankton, nekton, and benthos and give examples of each. which group comprises the largest biomass?
Answers
Plankton comprises the largest biomass.
1. Plankton: Plankton are small, mostly microscopic organisms that drift in aquatic environments. They are unable to swim against currents and mainly rely on the water's movement.
Plankton can be classified into two groups: phytoplankton (plant-like, such as algae) and zooplankton (animal-like, such as copepods). Examples of plankton include diatoms, dinoflagellates, and krill.
2. Nekton: Nekton are free-swimming aquatic organisms that can actively move against currents. They are typically larger than plankton and include various species of fish, marine mammals, and some invertebrates. Examples of nekton include tuna, dolphins, and squid.
3. Benthos: Benthos are organisms that live on or near the bottom of aquatic environments. They are often referred to as bottom-dwellers and can be found in various marine habitats such as sandy shores, rocky shores, and deep-sea trenches. Examples of benthos include crabs, starfish, and sea anemones.
Among these three groups, plankton comprises the largest biomass. Plankton serves as the base of the aquatic food chain and plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of marine ecosystems.
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what are the similarities and differences between respiration and photosynthesis??
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Using ONLY information from the morphological cladogram shown below, which two organisms are most closely related?
A) Chicken and gorilla.
B) Gorilla and human.
C) Turtle and chicken.
D) Not enough information to determine.
Answers
Given what we know, we can confirm that the two organisms most closely related would be the human and the gorilla.
Why are the Gorilla and Human the most closely related?Using only the information given from the diagram, we can say that gorillas and humans are the most closely related. Although the turtle and the chicken also share the same genetic similarities in the diagram, the human and the gorilla also share physical aspects between them, making them more related than the previous group.
Therefore, given that they share genetic and physical aspects, we can confirm that the two organisms most closely related would be the human and the gorilla.
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which structures are homologous? plant leaf and plant root there are no homologous plant structures. oak leaf and maple leaf plant leaf and algal blade
Answers
Oak leaf and maple leaf are two examples of the alternatives that have homologous structures. Homologous structures are those seen in several species that have a common ancestor and have a similar structure and origin.
The architecture and functions of a plant's leaf and roots are distinct. While roots are responsible for absorbing water and nutrients, leaves are engaged in photosynthesis and gas exchange.
Algal blades and plant leaves are not thought to be homologous structures since they have diverse forms and purposes and separately originated in several groups of animals.
Because they both arose from a single ancestor and have a similar form and function, oak leaves and maple leaves are regarded as homologous structures.
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The above question is incomplete. The complete question is given below-
Which structures are homologous?
a) plant leaf and algal blade.
b) plant leaf and plant root.
c) oak leaf and maple leaf.
d) There are no homologous plant structures.
why are multicellular organisms more advanced than unicellular organisms
Answers
Answer: Like unicellular organisms, there are a wide range of plant and animal multicellular organisms in existence. Compared to unicellular organisms, multicellular are also more complex given that they are made up of different types of specialized cells that carry out different functions.
Explanation:
if the frequency of aa genotype is 0.16, the frequency of aa genotype is 0.48, and the frequency of aa genotype is 0.36 what are the frequencies of the a and a alleles?
Answers
The frequency of the a allele is 0.7, and the frequency of the A allele is 0.3.
Let's assume that the genotype frequencies represent the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for a single locus with two alleles, A and a. According to the Hardy-Weinberg principle, in a population in equilibrium, the sum of the genotype frequencies should be equal to 1.
Given the frequencies:
aa genotype frequency = 0.16
Aa genotype frequency = 0.48
AA genotype frequency = 0.36
To determine the allele frequencies, we can consider the following:
The aa genotype frequency represents the frequency of aa homozygotes, which consists of two copies of the a allele. Thus, the frequency of the a allele is the square root of the aa genotype frequency:
Frequency of a allele = √(aa genotype frequency) = √(0.16) = 0.4
Similarly, the AA genotype frequency represents the frequency of AA homozygotes, which consists of two copies of the A allele. Thus, the frequency of the A allele is the square root of the AA genotype frequency:
Frequency of A allele = √(AA genotype frequency) = √(0.36) = 0.6
Therefore, the frequencies of the a and A alleles are 0.4 and 0.6, respectively.
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write the importance of thermometers.
Answers
You can check your body temperature it is useful in medical field.
Many tree frog populations are threatened due to habitat loss. In an effort to promote conservation, tree frogs may be bred in captivity. A zoo acquired male and female tree frogs from two different populations. In the zoo, the tree frogs were able to successfully mate within their own population, but breeding attempts between the two populations were unsuccessful.
Based on this information, which statement correctly describes the relationship between the two populations of tree frogs?
Answers
Answer:
They are in the same genus but different species.
Thanks!
Describe the structure of collagen. Where is it found and what are its functions?
Answers
The structure of collagen is a triple helix made up of three polypeptide chains, each containing a repeating sequence of amino acids, primarily glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline.
What is Collagen?
Collagen is a fibrous protein that has a unique triple helical structure. It is made up of three polypeptide chains, which are wound around each other in a rope-like structure. Collagen is found in many different tissues throughout the body, including skin, bone, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments. Its primary function is to provide strength, support, and flexibility to these tissues.
Collagen is also important for maintaining the structure and integrity of skin, hair, and nails. In addition, it plays a role in wound healing and helps to maintain healthy joints and bones. Collagen is found in various tissues throughout the body, including skin, bones, tendons, and cartilage. Its functions include providing strength and structural support, promoting tissue repair and wound healing, and maintaining skin elasticity.
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A collaborative commercial construction venture is like which of the following?
Answers
Answer:
(B) two organisms working together
Explanation:
took the test and got it right
Write a summary about the relative positions of the sun, earth and moon throughout the lunar cycle. Your summary must should be a minimum of 5 sentences.
Answers
Answer:
The amount of Moon we see changes over the month — lunar phases — because the Moon orbits Earth and Earth orbits the Sun. Everything is moving. During a lunar eclipse, Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon, blocking the sunlight falling on the Moon. Earth's shadow covers all or part of the lunar surface.
TRUE or FALSE: the molecular second-line defense produces antibodies specific to the bacterial infection
Answers
TRUE. The molecular second-line defense, which includes the adaptive immune response, produces antibodies that are specific to the bacterial infection.
This immune response is carried out by the adaptive immune system, which generates a targeted response against specific pathogens.
The adaptive immune system, also known as the acquired immune system, is a subsystem of the immune system that is composed of specialized, systemic cells and processes that eliminate pathogens or prevent their growth. The acquired immune system is one of the two main immunity strategies found in vertebrates (the other being the innate immune system).
Bacteria are small organisms that can invade the body, causing illness. These infections usually trigger a protective immune response. You also have innate bacteria in your body that helps digest your food and protect your body from harmful bacteria. Children and adults of any age can develop a bacterial infection
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what enzyme can proof-read the dna molecule, minimizing the mistakes made during the process of dna replication?
Answers
The enzyme that can proof-read the DNA molecule during the process of DNA replication is called DNA polymerase. DNA polymerase is responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing strand of DNA during replication.
Some DNA polymerases, such as DNA polymerase III and DNA polymerase I, have a proofreading exonuclease activity that allows them to remove any nucleotides that are not correctly paired with the template strand during replication.
The proofreading exonuclease activity of DNA polymerase works by recognizing mismatches between the nucleotides that have been added to the growing strand and the template strand. When a mismatch is detected, the exonuclease activity of the enzyme removes the incorrectly paired nucleotide, allowing the polymerase to add the correct nucleotide in its place.
This proofreading activity increases the accuracy of DNA replication, reducing the number of errors made during replication to approximately 1 in 10^5 nucleotides.
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By working in nature preserves that provide safe places for endangered species to live, reproduce, and have protection against poachers, biologists are
helping to preserve the
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By working in nature preserves that provide safe places for endangered species to live, reproduce, and have protection against poachers, biologists are helping to preserve the biodiversity.
The biodiversity simply means the multiplicity or different of organisms found on earth.The earth is home to several species who live in different kinds of habitat.
The balance in nature lies in the existence of biodiversity in ecosystems around the world.
In order to maintain this balance in nature via biodiversity, scientists must continue to seek the protection of endangered species.
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What type of water is more dense?
A. Salt water
B. Fresh water
Answers
Answer:
Salt water is more dense than fresh water.
Explanation:
Answer:
salt water
Explanation:
because it has more dense than fresh water