Continental waters are classified into two categories Lentic and Lotic. Ecosystem has flowing waters; such as creeks, streams, rivers, springs, brooks and channels. A lentic Ecosystem has still waters such as ponds, marshes,ditches, reservoirs, and lakes. The ecosystem of Lentic and Lotic waters includes biotic (Living) interactions between plants, animals and micro- organisms, and abiotic (non living) physical and chemical interactions.

A) Fish
B) algae
C) Bacteria
D) water flow

Density = mass/volume

 ρ = \(m/v\)

 Density = 10/3.70

 Density of aluminum 2.702 g/cm3.

A thin, silvery-white metal, aluminum is. It is soft and pliable. Aluminum is used in a wide variety of products, including cans, foil, kitchenware, window frames, beer kegs, and parts for airplanes.

In the Earth's crust, aluminum is the most prevalent metal and the third most abundant element. On Earth, it is typically found in substances and minerals such feldspar, beryl, cryolite, and turquoise. But mining minerals for aluminum is quite expensive.

Rust doesn't occur in aluminum. It's important to remember, though, that aluminum is a highly reactive metal in its purest form. Although pure aluminum technically dissolves when it comes into contact with water, its reactivity may also be its greatest strength.

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After 14 years, approximately 3.125 grams of the radioactive substance will remain.

The decay of a radioactive substance follows an exponential decay model. The decay rate is determined by the half-life of the substance. Let's assume the half-life of the substance is 1 year for simplicity.

In the given scenario, 9 years have passed, which is equivalent to 9 half-lives. Each half-life reduces the amount of the substance to half. Therefore, after 9 half-lives, only 10g * (1/2)^9 = 10g * 0.001953125 = 0.01953g (approximately 0.02g) remain.

Now, we need to calculate the remaining amount after a total of 14 years, which is equivalent to 14 half-lives. Using the same formula, we have: 10g * (1/2)^14 = 10g * 0.00006103515625 = 0.0006103515625g (approximately 0.00061g).converting grams to milligrams, we have approximately 3.125 mg remaining after 14 years.

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At constant temperatures, the simplest approach to reduce the volume of a gas is to raise its pressure. So, at 700 bar, or 700 times normal atmospheric pressure, hydrogen has a density of 42 kg/m3, compared to 0.090 kg/m3 at normal pressure and temperature.

Hydrogen decreases metal oxides in the reactivity series below. That is, hydrogen can only decrease the oxides of metals that are less reactive than hydrogen itself.

High-Temperature Water Splitting: Chemical processes that split water to make hydrogen are fueled by high temperatures generated by solar concentrators or nuclear reactors.

The oxidation number of hydrogen gas is 0, but the oxidation state of hydrogen atoms in water is +1. As a result, the hydrogen atom has been oxidized. It acts as a reducing agent.

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The reaction of Al₂S₃ with Li forms the displaced product Li₂S₃ and Al. The correct formula of the compound with X having one valence electron and Z with 6 valence electrons is XZ₂. The given reaction in the third image is a single replacement reaction and the reaction in the fourth image is double displacement. Options A, B and E are correct for the reaction in fifth image.

In displacement reactions , an atom or group is displaced by other atom or group from a reactant. In double displacement reactions, two group or atoms are displaced between two reactants.

In the reaction between  Al₂S₃ with Li forms the displaced product Li₂S₃ and Al. It is a single displacement reaction.

The element X with 1 valence electron will form a compound with Z having 6 valence electrons with the formula XZ₂. Z needs two electrons to attain octet. Thus two X provides one electron by each to Z.

The reaction of Na metal with HCl producing NaCl and hydrogen gas is a single displacement reaction. Whereas, the reaction between NaCl and MgF2 is double displacement because, both Cl and F atoms are displacing their position.

Sodium phosphate reacts with ferric chloride giving the ferric phosphate precipitate. Here the metals replaces nonmetals and the reaction involves formation of a precipitate. Thus, option A, B and E are correct.

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To calculate the subscripts in the actual molecular formula, we first have to find out the empirical formula of the given compound. Empirical formula mass is the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms in a formula unit of the empirical formula of a compound.

To calculate the empirical formula mass, we add up the atomic masses of all the atoms present in a molecule of a compound. Using the molecular formula mass and empirical formula mass, we can calculate the actual molecular formula of the compound. The subscripts in the actual molecular formula are calculated by dividing the molecular formula mass of the compound by the empirical formula mass of the compound. Let's consider an example to understand how to calculate the subscripts in the actual molecular formula.

Example:

The empirical formula of a compound is CH2O, and the molecular formula mass of the compound is 180 amu. The empirical formula mass can be calculated using the formula:

Empirical formula mass = sum of atomic masses of atoms in the empirical formula

= (1 × atomic mass of C) + (2 × atomic mass of H) + (1 × atomic mass of O)

= (1 × 12.01 amu) + (2 × 1.01 amu) + (1 × 16.00 amu)

= 30.03 amu

Molecular formula mass = 180 amu

Now, we can calculate the ratio of the molecular formula mass to the empirical formula mass as:

180 amu ÷ 30.03 amu

= 6

The actual molecular formula will have six times the number of atoms as the empirical formula: C6H12O6. Therefore, the subscripts in the actual molecular formula of the compound are C6H12O6.

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The subscripts of a molecular formula, where its mass is known, can only be determined when the elements in the compound are specified. The subscripts in this case are the ratios of these elements. Without these, one can only give hypothetical answers, like a carbon dioxide compound repeated five times which gives subscripts of 5 (C5O10).

To deteremine the subscripts in the actual molecular formula, one first needs to know the formula of the compound itself. Without knowing the elements in the compound, we cannot ascertain the subscripts from the molecular formula mass. For example, if the compound is carbon dioxide (CO2), and knowing that the molecular mass of carbon (C) is approximately 12 amu and oxygen (O) is 16 amu, we know that two oxygens (16 * 2) with one carbon (12) has a total mass of 44 amu. Repeating this compound 5 times (as 240 is 5 times 44) would imply, in this hypothetical case, subscripts of 5, making the compound C5O10 . However, to get actual subscripts we need specifics about the compound's elements.

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Answer:

bro Ur in my school lol

Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation:

There will be no attractive or repulsive force between the two types of magnets. its A i took this quiz and got it correct. ^^

Answer:

products

Explanation:

when chemicals react new substances are created called PRODUCTS

Answer:

the _products_ are new substances that are created by following a chemical reaction.

Explanation:

^^

Answer:

Ionic substance

Explanation:

An ionic substance is formed when oppositely charged ions link up to form an infinitely large lattice structure that can only be described in terms of unit cells.

Ionic substances may consist of billions of oppositely charged ions. Ionic substances are hard, have high melting and boiling points and do not conduct electricity in the solid state because the ions are not free in the solid state.

However, in solution or molten state, the substance conducts electricity since the ions which are the charge carriers are now mobile.

Using the periodic table, The Bohr - Rutherford diagram of each of the elements is before bonding and after bonding is attached below.NH\(_{3}\) ( ammonia ) is a covalent  bond.

Ammonia is a covalent compound because in the formation of ammonia the bond between nitrogen and three hydrogen is formed by the sharing of electron.

Covalent bond is formed by sharing of electron between atoms. Ionic bond is formed when one atom loses electron and other atom gain the electron or by the transfer of electron from one atom to another.

Hence,In the case of ammonia a covalent bond is formed and the electronegativity difference between nitrogen and hydrogen is not big enough to make a covalent bond.

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Among the given elements, the element with the largest second ionization energy (IE2) is Oxygen (O).

The ionization energy refers to the energy required to remove an electron from an atom or ion. In general, the second ionization energy is higher than the first ionization energy because it involves removing an electron from a positively charged ion.

Oxygen (O) has an atomic number of 8, and its electronic configuration is 1s^2 2s^2 2p^4. When an oxygen atom loses one electron, it forms a positively charged ion, O^+, with the electronic configuration of 1s^2 2s^2 2p^3. To remove a second electron from O^+, it requires a significantly higher amount of energy compared to the other elements provided.

The trend for ionization energy generally increases across a period from left to right in the periodic table. This is because the effective nuclear charge increases, resulting in a stronger attraction between the nucleus and the valence electrons, making it harder to remove an electron. Oxygen (O) is located on the right side of the periodic table, and its second ionization energy is higher than that of lithium (Li), boron (B), fluorine (F), and sodium (Na).

Therefore, among the given elements, Oxygen (O) has the largest second ionization energy.

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Satin nickel and brushed nickel are both finishes that give a smooth and matte appearance, but there is a slight difference in their texture. Satin nickel has a soft and almost velvety texture, while brushed nickel has visible lines or scratches that create a textured look.

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The brushed nickel finish is achieved by using a wire brush to create those lines or scratches, while the satin nickel finish is achieved by applying a thin layer of lacquer or a similar substance to create a smooth, even finish. Overall, both finishes are great options for a modern and sophisticated look in your home, but it comes down to personal preference and the specific aesthetic you are trying to achieve.
The main difference between satin nickel and brushed nickel lies in the surface finish and appearance.
Satin nickel has a smooth, even, and slightly reflective surface finish that doesn't show visible brush strokes. It is created by applying a thin layer of nickel plating over a metal base, followed by a clear protective lacquer.
Brushed nickel, on the other hand, has a textured surface with visible brush strokes, giving it a more matte appearance. This finish is achieved by using a wire brush or abrasive pad to create a pattern of fine lines on the surface of the nickel plating.
Both finishes are popular choices for fixtures and hardware, as they provide a modern and elegant look while being resistant to tarnishing and wear.

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Answer:

the physics book particales speed up and when you move the chemistry book

Answer:

The speed of the particles of the physics book increases when the chemistry book slides across the physics book.

Explanation:

i got it right when i did this

Answer:

B if i'm not mistaken.

Explanation:

There are 2.15 cm between each 100 mL mark. The formula; is used to determine a cylinder's molarity volume. V = πr^2h.

The number of moles of a solute per liter of a solution is known as molarity. The molar concentration of a solution is another name for molarity.

The term "total moles of a solute contained in a kilogram of a solvent" is used to describe molality. Molal concentration is another name for molality. It gauges the amount of solute in a solution.

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Mass of AgBr is formed when 35.5 ml of 0.184 m agno3 is treated with an excess of aqueous hydrobromic acid is 1.23g.

We may calculate reactant and product amounts using balanced chemical equations thanks to the fundamental concept of stoichiometry. The balanced equation's ratios are used in this instance. Generally speaking, how a reaction will behave depends on the amount of substance present.

Equation formed:

AgNO₃(aq) + HBr(aq) ⇒ AgBr(s) + HNO₃(aq)

Calculate the amount of AgNO3 consumed throughout the reaction.

based on molarity (a 1000 ml solution of AgNO3 comprises 0.184 moles).

AgNO₃ moles in 35.5 ml solution = \(\frac{(0.184mol) . (35.5ml)}{1000ml}\)

∴ Moles of AgNO₃ = 0.006532 moles

Moles of AgBr formed by 0.006532 moles of AgNO₃

From balanced reaction eq.,

Moles ratio of AgNO₃ : AgBr = 1 : 1 (AgNO₃ = AgBr)

∴ Moles of AgBr = 0.006532 moles

Mass of 0.006532 moles of AgBr,

Molar mass of AgBr = 187.77g/ml

∵ Mass (AgBr) = 187.77 × 0.006532

Mass of AgBr = 1.23g

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Yes, benzoyl peroxide and salicylic acid can be used together. When used together, these two ingredients can be very effective in treating acne-prone skin.

Benzoyl peroxide is a powerful antibacterial agent that helps to reduce the number of bacteria on the skin, while salicylic acid is a keratolytic agent, meaning it helps to break down dead skin cells and unclog pores. Together, these two ingredients work to reduce the number of bacteria on the skin, unclog pores, and reduce inflammation associated with acne. It is important to note that these two ingredients should not be used in a single product. Instead, they should be applied separately at different times of the day. For example, benzoyl peroxide should be applied in the morning and salicylic acid should be applied at night. Additionally, it is important to be mindful of the concentration of each ingredient, as using too much of either can be irritating and cause dryness. Overall, using benzoyl peroxide and salicylic acid together can be a very effective way to reduce acne and clear up blemishes.

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The pKa of a weak acid that is 33% dissociated at pH 5.0 is approximately 4.83.

A weak acid is defined as an acid that only partially dissociates in water to produce ions. The extent to which a weak acid dissociates is dependent on its acid dissociation constant (Ka) and the pH of the solution.

The pH of a solution is a measure of its hydrogen ion (H+) concentration, with lower pH values indicating higher H+ concentrations and vice versa.

The pKa of a weak acid is defined as the pH at which the concentration of the dissociated form of the acid is equal to the concentration of the undissociated form.

At the pKa of a weak acid, the concentration of the dissociated form and the undissociated form are equal, meaning that 50% of the weak acid has dissociated into ions. If we know the extent of dissociation at a particular pH, we can calculate the pKa using the equation:

pKa = -log10(Ka) = -log10([H+]/[HA])

where [H+] is the hydrogen ion concentration, [HA] is the concentration of the undissociated form of the acid, and Ka is the acid dissociation constant.

In this case, the weak acid is 33% dissociated at pH 5.0, meaning that [H+]/[HA] = 0.33. We can use this information to calculate the pKa:

pKa = -log10(0.33) = log10(1/0.33)

pKa = 0.52 + log10(3)

pKa = 0.52 + 0.48

pKa = 1.0

So, the pKa for the weak acid is approximately 4.83.

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If we were to hypothetically drag a neutron to the center of the nucleus, marked as "x," it would result in an unstable configuration. This is because the nucleus of an atom is composed of protons and neutrons, which are held together by the strong nuclear force.

The strong nuclear force is responsible for binding the nucleus and counteracting the electrostatic repulsion between positively charged protons.

In a stable nucleus, the number of protons and neutrons is balanced, ensuring a relatively stable configuration. The ratio of protons to neutrons varies depending on the element, but generally, nuclei with a higher number of protons require a greater number of neutrons to maintain stability.

If we were to forcibly move a neutron to the center of the nucleus, it would disturb the delicate balance between the strong nuclear force and the electrostatic repulsion.

This disturbance would lead to an unstable configuration, and the nucleus would likely undergo some form of radioactive decay to achieve a more stable state.

The specific type of decay would depend on the characteristics of the nucleus and the excess of neutrons or protons. Possible types of decay include beta decay, in which a neutron is converted into a proton and emits a beta particle (electron or positron), or neutron emission, where the excess neutron is expelled from the nucleus.

It's important to note that dragging a neutron to the center of the nucleus is purely hypothetical and cannot be practically achieved.

The stability of the nucleus is maintained by the delicate balance of forces, and any disruption would result in the nucleus seeking a more stable configuration through radioactive decay.

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Slightly acidic ground water can dissolve limestone as it flows along joints and bedding planes to form caves. This reaction may then be reversed as water drips from the ceiling and splashes on the floor of an air-filled cave and minerals are precipitated to form features known as stalactite and stalagmite.

Cave are formed underground chambers naturally. Most caves develop when slightly acidic ground water dissolves limestone along joints and bedding planes. It can take hundreds of thousand years to form. 

Natural ground water is little acidic because of dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere or soil. Ground water with a high concentration of calcium (Ca2+) and bicarbonate (HCO3-) drip slowly from the ceiling of an air-filled cave. 

Below is the chemical reaction of formation stalactite and stalagmite :

\(H_{2}O + CO_{2} + CaCO_{3} < - > Ca^{2+} + 2HCO_{3} ^{-}\)

A falling water drop, can precipitate calcite on both ceiling and the cave floor. As a water drop and hangs on the roof of the cave, some of the dissolved carbon dioxide lost into the cave's atmosphere. It causes the calcite to precipitate on the ceiling. Deposits of calcite on roof cave by dripping water are stalactite. In other word, stalactite is column of rock resembling an icicle which hang down from the ceilings of cave.

When the water drop falls to the cave floor, more CO2 loss and the calcite precipitate on the cave floor. Precipitation of calcite on floor cave named stalagmite. So, stalagmites are cone-shaped masses formed on cave floors, directly below stalactite.

Each subsequent drop add more calcite to the first deposits and make it continuously bigger. A stalactite grows downward while stalagmite grows upward.

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Answer:

A. It causes rocks to change color

Explanation:

Weathering can be defined as the gradual decomposition of rock. This means, rocks are broken into pieces or sediments through the process of weathering.

There are two types of weathering process:

1. Physical weathering also known as mechanical weathering. This is the breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces without changing the composition of the rock. Physical weathering is caused by the action of ice, wind, plant growth.

2. Chemical weathering: Here, the rocks changes not just in size of pieces but in its composition. This is when other minerals are applied on the rock in other to dissolve it.

Answer:

write the following as fractions in their simplest form

We should mix equal volumes of 1 M NH₃ and 1 M HCl or to mix equal volumes of 1 M NH₃ and 1 M NH₄+ to make an ammonia/ammonium buffer.

To make an ammonia/ammonium buffer for use in the laboratory, the valid ways are:

1. Mix equal volumes of 1 M NH₃ and 1 M HCl.

  - This combination will react to form the ammonium (NH₄+) and chloride (Cl-) ions, creating an ammonia/ammonium buffer.

2. Mix equal volumes of 1 M NH₃ and 1 M NH₄+.

  - By combining ammonia (NH₃) and ammonium (NH₄+) in equal volumes, you can create an ammonia/ammonium buffer.

Therefore, the valid ways to make an ammonia/ammonium buffer are to mix equal volumes of 1 M NH₃ and 1 M HCl or to mix equal volumes of 1 M NH₃ and 1 M NH₄+.

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Answer:

Energy made available by the flow of electric charge through a conductor.

Explanation:

Explanation:

They come in different kinds, called elements, but each atom shares certain characteristics in common. All atoms have a dense central core called the atomic nucleus. ... All atoms have at least one proton in their core, and the number of protons determines which kind of element an atom is.

The common feature is that the atoms of all elements consist of electrons, protons, and neutrons.

An atom is a particle of matter that uniquely defines a chemical element.

An atom consists of a central nucleus that is usually surrounded by one or more electrons.

All atoms of an element have the same number of protons, and every element has a different number of protons in its atoms.

For example, all helium atoms have two protons, and no other elements have atoms with two protons.

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Answer:

0.867mol/L

Explanation:

Step 1:

The balanced equation for the reaction. This is given below:

CH3COOH + NaOH —> CH3COONa + H2O

From the balanced equation above,

The mole ratio of the acid (nA) = 1

The mole ratio of the base (nB) = 1

Step 2:

Data obtained from the question.

Volume of base, NaOH (Vb) = 42.5mL

Molarity of base, NaOH (Mb) = 1.02mol/L

Volume of acid, CH3COOH (Va) = 50mL

Molarity of acid, CH3COOH (Ma) =..?

Step 3:

Determination of the molarity of the acid solution.

This can be obtained as follow:

MaVa /MbVb = nA/nB

Ma x 50 / 1.02 x 42.5 = 1

Cross multiply

Ma x 50 = 1.02 x 42.5

Divide both side by 50

Ma = (1.02 x 42.5) /50

Ma = 0.867mol/L

Therefore, the concentration of the vinegar is 0.867mol/L.

3rd step of the proposed mechanism must be slow in order to agree with this rate law in the reaction, h2 i2 => 2 hi , which is found to be half order in i2 and first order in h2.

Having the atomic number 1 and the letter H, hydrogen is the first chemical element. The lightest substance is hydrogen. Hydrogen has the formula H2 and exists as a gas under normal conditions. It burns easily and is non-toxic, tasteless, colorless, odorless, and odorless.

With approximately 75% of all normal matter made up of hydrogen, it is the most prevalent chemical in the universe. The majority of hydrogen in plasma stars like the Sun is hydrogen. Water and organic compounds are two examples of molecules that contain the majority of the hydrogen that exists on Earth.

One proton, one electron, and no neutrons are present in each atom of the most prevalent isotope of hydrogen (symbol 1H).

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Full question

Consider the reaction, H2 + I2 => 2 HI , which is found to be first order in I2 and first order in H2. Which step of the proposed mechanism must be slow in order to agree with this rate law?

I 2 => 2 I

I + H2 => H2I

H2I + I => 2 HI

1. 2

2. 3

3. 1

4. Either 2 or 3