(a) Valeric acid (CH₂(CH₂)3COOH) is described as a weak acid.
Define the term weak acid.
Weak Acids are acids that partially release hydrogen atoms and
lower pH due to disassociation resulting in the formation of a weak
acid.
(b) Write a balanced chemical equation to show the dissociation of
Valeric acid (CH3(CH₂)3COOH). Physical states must be included
CH₂(CH₂)3COOH
(c) When Valeric acid (CH₂(CH₂)3COOH) reacts with the strong base
sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium valerate (CH3(CH₂)3COONa), a
salt of the weak acid is formed.
Write a balanced chemical equation to show the dissociation of the
sodium valerate (CH₂(CH₂)3COONa). Physical states must be
included.
CH₂(CH₂)3COONa)
(d) A solution of a weak acid and the salt of that weak acid can
behave as a buffer solution. Describe the term buffer solution. No
chemical equations are needed.
Buffer solutions are solutions that resist change and maintain pH
of a solution.
(e) Explain how solution of valeric acid and sodium valerate can
function as a buffer solution.
Your answer must include a brief description on how this buffer
functions on the addition of; (i) a small amount of acid (1 mark), (ii)
a small amount of alkali (1 mark), (iii) a small amount of distilled
water (1 mark) and (iv) include balanced chemical equations,
physical states included (1 mark).
(1)
All sources need to be acknowledged using Harvard referencing
(2 Marks)
(2 Marks)
(2 Marks)
(2 Marks)
(4 Marks)
(4 Morld
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The molar concentration of a 12% sodium chloride solution is approximately 2.05 M.

To determine the molar concentration of a 12% sodium chloride solution, we need to convert the given percentage concentration into molarity.

First, we need to understand that the percentage concentration refers to the mass of the solute (sodium chloride) relative to the total mass of the solution.

In this case, a 12% sodium chloride solution means that there are 12 grams of sodium chloride in 100 grams of the solution.

To convert this into molar concentration, we need to consider the molar mass of sodium chloride, which is 58.5 g/mol.

We can start by calculating the number of moles of sodium chloride in 12 grams:

Moles of sodium chloride = mass of sodium chloride / molar mass of sodium chloride

Moles of sodium chloride = 12 g / 58.5 g/mol = 0.205 moles

Next, we calculate the volume of the solution in liters using the density of the solution. Since the density is not provided, we assume a density of 1 g/mL for simplicity:

Volume of solution = mass of solution / density

Volume of solution = 100 g / 1 g/mL = 100 mL = 0.1 L

Finally, we calculate the molar concentration (Molarity) by dividing the number of moles by the volume in liters:

Molar concentration = moles of solute / volume of solution

Molar concentration = 0.205 moles / 0.1 L = 2.05 M

Therefore, the molar concentration of a 12% sodium chloride solution is approximately 2.05 M.


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The percent composition of boron in diborane (b2h6) is 78% because the mass of boron is higher than hydrogen atom.

Diborane is a poisonous, reactive gas that is produced by the action of acids on borides. Diborane is used as a reducing agent for making other chemicals and also act as a catalyst.

So we can conclude that The percent composition of boron in diborane (b2h6) is 78% because the mass of boron is higher than hydrogen atom.

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The compound diborane can be used as a rocket propellant. the percentage composition of boron in diborane (B2H6) is 75%. Option D. This is further explained below.

Generally, Diborane is simply defined as a compound having the molecular formula B2H6, Diborane is more often known as diborane.

In conclusion, As a rocket fuel, diborane is a useful chemical. Diborane (B2H6) contains 75 percent boron by weight.

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The compounds that can be represented by the empirical formula CH2 are C2H4, C3H6, and C8H16.

The empirical formula gives the smallest ratio of the total number of atoms present in a compound. It simply gives a ratio of the number of atoms that are present in a compound.

The formula that relates empirical formula with molecular formula is:

                 Molecular Formula  = n × Empirical Formula

Where n is any integer.

Thus CH2 is the simplest ratio of  C2H4, C3H6, and C8H16 and CH2 is the empirical formula of these compounds.

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The atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon monoxide (CO) is 1:1, and the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon dioxide (CO₂) is 2:1.

Firstly, we can analyze the decomposition of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) to determine the atomic ratios involved.

Let's denote the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon monoxide as x, and the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon dioxide as y.

According to the given data;

Decomposition of carbon monoxide (CO);

Oxygen produced = 3.36 g

Carbon produced = 2.52 g

We know that the atomic mass of carbon is 12 g/mol, and the atomic mass of oxygen is 16 g/mol. Using these values, we can calculate the number of moles for each element;

Number of moles of oxygen = mass / atomic mass = 3.36 g / 16 g/mol = 0.21 mol

Number of moles of carbon = mass / atomic mass = 2.52 g / 12 g/mol = 0.21 mol

Since the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon monoxide is x, we can write the following equation;

0.21 mol C / (0.21 mol O) = x

Simplifying the equation, we have;

x = 1

Therefore, the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon monoxide is 1:1.

Decomposition of carbon dioxide (CO₂);

Oxygen produced = 9.92 g

Carbon produced = 3.72 g

Following the same calculations as before;

Number of moles of oxygen = mass / atomic mass = 9.92 g / 16 g/mol = 0.62 mol

Number of moles of carbon = mass / atomic mass = 3.72 g / 12 g/mol = 0.31 mol

Since the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon dioxide is y, we can write the following equation;

0.31 mol C / (0.62 mol O) = y

Simplifying the equation, we have;

y = 0.5

Therefore, the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon dioxide is 1:0.5, which can be simplified to 2:1.

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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is

"Missed this? watch kcv: atomic theory; read section 2.3. you can click on the review link to access the section in your text. carbon and oxygen form both carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. when samples of these are decomposed, the carbon monoxide produces 3.36 g of oxygen and 2.52 g of carbon, while the carbon dioxide produces 9.92 g of oxygen and 3.72 g of carbon. Calculate the atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen in carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide."--

Answer:

they won

Explanation:

Answer:

In this problem you have two states; an initial state and a final state

V1 = initial volume = 563 L

P1 = initial pressure = 1.00 atm

T1 = initial temperature = 288K

V2 = final volume = ?

P2 = final pressure = 8.57x10-3 atm

T2 = final temperature = 229 K

We can now use the Combine Gas Law (not the Ideal Gas Law): P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2 and solve for V2.

V2 = P1V1T2 / P2T1

V2 = (1.00)(563)(229) / (8.57x10-3)(288)

V2 = 5.22x104 L

Strand discrimination during the process of DNA replication is based on DNA methylation in E. coli.

Methylation is a process where a methyl group is added to the DNA molecule. In E. coli, this helps distinguish the newly synthesized DNA strand from the original parent strand, ensuring accurate replication and avoiding errors.

The strands, on the other hand, are made to aid in curriculum planning by concentrating on the outcomes of the course rather than the inputs, or what the student will gain from it and how we can help them achieve this.

MMR must be able to distinguish between the daughter and parental strands; otherwise, the mis-pair will become a mutation if excision and re-synthesis are improperly directed at the parental strand.

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Molecules with the molecular formula C6H6Cl6 have one element of unsaturation. This means that the compound contains one double bond, one ring, or a combination of both. The molecular formula C6H6Cl6 represents a compound with six carbon atoms, six hydrogen atoms, and six chlorine atoms.

The degree of unsaturation is a measure of the presence of multiple bonds or rings in a compound. It can be calculated using the formula: Degree of unsaturation = (2C + 2 - H - X + N)/2

Where C is the number of carbon atoms, H is the number of hydrogen atoms, X is the number of halogen atoms (in this case, chlorine atoms), and N is the number of nitrogen atoms.
In the case of C6H6Cl6, the formula becomes: Degree of unsaturation = (2(6) + 2 - 6 - 6 + 0)/2
Degree of unsaturation = (12 + 2 - 6 - 6)/2
Degree of unsaturation = 2/2
Degree of unsaturation = 1

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An example of a chemical property of formaldehyde (CH2O) is (a) it is flammable. Formaldehyde is a highly reactive compound that can undergo combustion when exposed to a flame or ignition source, making it flammable.

The chemical property of formaldehyde (CH2O) is that it is flammable. When formaldehyde comes into contact with a flame or ignition source, it can undergo combustion.

Flammability is a chemical property that describes the ability of a substance to burn or undergo combustion in the presence of oxygen. Formaldehyde, with its molecular formula CH2O, is a volatile organic compound that is highly reactive. It contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms, and its molecular structure makes it prone to combustion.

When exposed to a flame or ignition source, the heat and energy provided initiate a chemical reaction, leading to the oxidation of formaldehyde. This reaction releases energy in the form of heat and light, resulting in the combustion of formaldehyde and the production of carbon dioxide and water as byproducts. Therefore, due to its flammability, formaldehyde should be handled and stored with caution to avoid potential fire hazards.

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Answer:

B,D.

Explanation:

Answer:the motion of Earth around the Sun , the motion of Earth around the Sun ,  ,

the motion of electrons in an atom

Explanation:

Answer:

While the weight of an object varies in proportion to the strength of the gravitational field, its mass is constant, as long as no energy or matter is added to the object. Therefore, false.

Explanation:

Answer:

The correct answer should be false

Explanation:

Answer:

Gravity causes gas in space to come together and form stars. As the star becomes denser and denser, the pressure and temperature at its core become high enough to initiate nuclear fusion reactions, where hydrogen atoms fuse together to form helium, releasing a huge amount of energy. This energy keeps the star hot and shining for millions or billions of years. Without gravity, nuclear fusion would not occur, and the universe as we know it would not exist.

Explanation:

Gravity played a crucial role in causing fusion reactions to occur between hydrogen and helium. In the early universe, after the Big Bang, there were only light elements such as hydrogen and helium, and gravity was the main force that brought these elements together to form stars. As a large amount of hydrogen gas began to accumulate in one area, the force of gravity caused the gas to contract and become denser and denser. As the density and temperature of the gas increased, the pressure in the core of the gas cloud became high enough to initiate nuclear fusion reactions.

During nuclear fusion, the extreme temperature and pressure in the star's core caused hydrogen atoms to fuse together to form helium. This fusion process released a huge amount of energy in the form of light and heat, which kept the star hot and shining for millions or even billions of years. Without the force of gravity to bring hydrogen atoms together, fusion reactions would not occur, and the formation of heavier elements, including those necessary for life, would not be possible. Therefore, gravity is the cause that initiated the fusion reactions, leading to the formation of heavier elements and eventually the complex universe we observe today.

The states of matter of the materials;

1) Dispersion forces - Yes

2) Hydrogen bonding - No

3) Ionic - No

4) Dispersion forces - No

5)  Dispersion forces - Yes

6) Ionic  - No

7) Hydrogen bonding - No

Sublimation is a physical process in which a substance transitions directly from its solid phase to its gaseous phase without passing through the intermediate liquid phase. In sublimation, the solid substance is heated, and the resulting gas molecules escape from the solid lattice structure without the need for melting.

One common example of sublimation is the process of dry ice. Dry ice is solid carbon dioxide (CO2) that sublimes at a temperature of -78.5 degrees Celsius (-109.3 degrees Fahrenheit). When dry ice is exposed to room temperature, it transitions directly from a solid to a gas, producing a fog-like effect.

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Answer:

. A homogeneous mixture of a solid in a gas

Answer:

City B has the larger annual temperature range

Explanation:

This is correct option because generally the northern side of the equator is high in temperature than the southern hemisphere part.

Since the southern side of the equator or Southern Hemisphere, where city A resides will generally have higher altitude or rise, so this creates higher average temperature.

Answer:

A. The identify of the poison used in a murder.

Explanation:

(a) To get the pH of the media to 5.8, you would add NaOH solution. NaOH is used as a basic solution, and when it is added to a solution, it will increase the pH of the solution.

(b) The molecular weight of BA is 225.3. To prepare a 1M solution, you would have to weigh out 225.3 grams of BA.(c) To convert a 1M solution of BA to mg/mL, you can use the following equation: 1 mole = molecular weight in grams; 1000 millimoles = 1 mole. So, 1 M = 1000 mg/mL. Therefore, a 1M solution of BA is equivalent to 1000 mg/mL .(d) To convert a concentration of 1000 mg/mL .

Therefore, to calculate the weight required for a 5 mM solution, use the following formula :Mass of BA = molarity × volume × molecular weight= 5 × 0.001 × 225.3= 1.1265 grams(f) To convert a concentration of 5 mM to mg/mL, we use the following formula: Concentration (mg/mL) = (Concentration (mM) × Molecular weight) / 1000= (5 × 225.3) / 1000= 1.1265 mg/mL(g)

To convert a concentration of 1.1265 mg/mL to mg/L, we multiply by 1000, so 1.1265 mg/mL = 1126.5 mg/L.(h) Given that the stock solution of BA is 5 mM and the working solution is 0.2 mg/mL.

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Explanation:

glucose -> carbon + water

iron + water + oxygen -> iron oxide

carbonic acid -> carbon dioxide + water

The activity of a radioisotope refers to the rate at which it undergoes radioactive decay, typically measured in counts per minute (CPM). In this case, the activity is stated as 3000 counts per minute.

Radioisotopes are unstable isotopes of elements that spontaneously decay and emit radiation as they strive to reach a more stable state. The activity of a radioisotope corresponds to the number of radioactive decays occurring in a given time period.

If the activity of a radioisotope is 3000 counts per minute, it means that within each minute, the detection device records 3000 instances of radiation emitted by the radioisotope. This measurement is used to assess the intensity or strength of the radioisotope's radiation emission.

The specific activity level of a radioisotope depends on factors such as its half-life (the time it takes for half of the radioisotope to decay) and the quantity of the radioisotope present. Different radioisotopes have varying levels of activity, which can be measured and used for various purposes, including medical imaging, scientific research, and industrial applications.

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The activity of a radioisotope is a measure of the rate at which it undergoes radioactive decay. In this case, the given information states that the activity of a radioisotope is 3000 counts per minute.

The activity of a radioisotope is a measure of the rate at which it undergoes radioactive decay. It is typically expressed in counts per minute (CPM) or disintegrations per minute (DPM). In this case, the given information states that the activity of a radioisotope is 3000 counts per minute.

The activity of a radioisotope depends on various factors, including its half-life and the number of radioactive atoms present. A higher activity value indicates a higher rate of radioactive decay, meaning that more decay events are occurring in a given time period.

Radioisotopes are commonly used in different fields, such as medicine, industry, and research. In medicine, radioisotopes can be used for diagnostic imaging or cancer treatment. In industry, they can be used for quality control or sterilization processes. In research, radioisotopes can be used to study biological processes or determine the age of artifacts through radiocarbon dating.

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The concrete compressive strength (psi) is: 442.1. The correct option is a.

The splitting tensile strength test is used to determine the tensile strength of concrete. This is important because it helps to determine the ability of the concrete to resist tensile forces, which can be caused by things like cracking or bending.

The test is carried out on a standard concrete cylinder, and the specimen is subjected to a load until it fails. The load at which the specimen fails is used to calculate the concrete compressive strength. In this case, the specimen failed at 50 kg load.

To calculate the concrete compressive strength, we use the formula: Tensile strength = (2 * load) / (pi * diameter * length)

Plugging in the values, we get: Tensile strength = (2 * 50) / (3.14 * 15 * 30) = 442.1.

Therefore, the correct answer is option a. 442.1.

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Answer:Plasma is highest energy state of matter.It consists of electrons,protons and neutral particles.

Explanation:(1) Plasma has a very high electrical conductivity .

(2) The motion of electrons and ions in plasma produces it's own electric and magnetic field

(3)It is readily influenced by electric and magnetic fields .

(4)It produces it's on electromagnetic radiations.



Answer:

hope this help by the way found off of yahoo

Explanation:

Calculate the number of grams of nitrogen dioxide that are produced from

4 moles of nitric oxide.

2NO(g) + O2(g) -->2NO2(g)

I really need help with this... I need to know how to work it too... I can balance it out but not sure about grams...  This is it balanced out with 4 moles of nitric oxide

4NO(g) + 2O2(g) ->4NO2(g) please help and explain i want to learn this

Answer:

See explanation below

Explanation:

You forgot to put the picture to do so. In this case, I manage to find one, and I hope is the one you are looking for. If not, then post it again and I'll gladly help you out again.

According to the picture with the answer, we have a cyclohexane with 4 methyl groups there. Two of them are facing towards the molecule with a darker bond. This means that the alkyl bromide, should have a bromine in one of the bonds, and in order to produce an E2 reaction, this bromine should be facing in the opposite direction of the methyl groups which are facing towards. This is because an E2 reaction occurs with the less steric hindrance in the molecule. If the bromine is in the same direction as the methyl group, it will cause a lot more of work to do a reaction, and therefore, an E2 reaction. I will promote instead a E1 or a sustitution product.

Therefore the alkyl bromide should be like the one in the picture 2.

Answer:

It's c

Explanation:

Because I've checked

Answer:

Used as rocket fuel, is a fertilizer ingredient, used in cooking, used to provide lighting, and used in production of other compounds

Explanation:

Hope this helps!!!

Answer:

The volume of the gas is approximately 4.41 liters

Explanation:

The details of the data of the Neon gas are;

The number of moles of Neon gas present, n = 11.6 moles

The temperature of the sample of Neon gas, T = 120 K

The pressure of the sample of the Neon gas, P = 25.6 atm

By the ideal gas equation, we have;

P·V = n·R·T

Where;

R = The universal gal constant = 0.08205 L·atm·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹

Therefore, we get;

V = n·R·T/P

Which gives;

V = 11.6 moles × 0.08205 L·atm·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ × 120 K/(25.9 atm) ≈ 4.4097915 L

The volume of the gas, V ≈ 4.41 L.

Answer:

Respiration

Explanation:

Respiration is the system of how an animal breathes