You want to use Le Chatelier's Principle to help push the reaction to the right, so you know that one reagent needs to be added in excess. You know acetic acid is cheap, but you do not want to have to neutralize excess acid at the end of the reaction. You choose to add an excess of isoamyl alcohol. You look in the research lab, and all the isoamyl alcohol (d = 0.810 g/mL) you could find was 55 mL. You decide to use it all.
If you use all 55 mL of isoamyl alcohol, and you want to add it a five fold excess, how much volume (in mL) of of glacial acetic acid (17 M) should you add?
Answers
We need to add 100.59 mL of glacial acetic acid to achieve a 5-fold excess of isoamyl alcohol.
To calculate the volume of glacial acetic acid needed to add, we need to determine the number of moles of isoamyl alcohol and the number of moles of acetic acid required to react with it in a 5:1 ratio.
First, let's calculate the number of moles of isoamyl alcohol:
55 mL x 0.810 g/mL = 44.55 g
44.55 g / 130.23 g/mol = 0.342 moles
For the reaction, the ratio of isoamyl alcohol to acetic acid is 5:1, so we need 5 times the amount of moles of acetic acid as isoamyl alcohol:
0.342 moles isoamyl alcohol x 5 = 1.710 moles acetic acid
Now, we can calculate the volume of 17 M glacial acetic acid needed:
1.710 moles x (1 L / 17 mol) x (1000 mL / 1 L) = 100.59 mL
Therefore, we need to add 100.59 mL of glacial acetic acid to achieve a 5-fold excess of isoamyl alcohol.
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You should add 149 mL of glacial acetic acid (17 M) to react with the excess isoamyl alcohol and push the reaction to the right.
Based on Le Chatelier's Principle, adding an excess of isoamyl alcohol will push the reaction to the right. To achieve a five-fold excess, you will need to add 5 times the amount of isoamyl alcohol you have.
First, let's calculate the mass of 55 mL of isoamyl alcohol:
55 mL x 0.810 g/mL = 44.55 g
To get a five-fold excess, you will need to add 5 x 44.55 g = 222.75 g of isoamyl alcohol.
Next, let's calculate the amount of acetic acid needed to react with this excess of isoamyl alcohol. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between isoamyl alcohol and acetic acid is:
isoamyl alcohol + acetic acid ⇌ isoamyl acetate + water
Since the reaction is in equilibrium, we can use Le Chatelier's Principle to predict the effect of adding excess isoamyl alcohol. The system will shift to the right to use up the excess alcohol and produce more isoamyl acetate and water. Therefore, we need to add enough acetic acid to react with all the excess alcohol, plus some extra to ensure the reaction goes to completion.
The molar ratio of isoamyl alcohol to acetic acid in the reaction is 1:1. This means that for every mole of isoamyl alcohol, we need one mole of acetic acid to react with it. The molecular weight of isoamyl alcohol is 88.15 g/mol, so we can calculate the number of moles of excess alcohol we have:
222.75 g / 88.15 g/mol = 2.528 mol
Therefore, we need to add at least 2.528 mol of acetic acid to react with all the excess alcohol.
The concentration of the acetic acid is given as 17 M, which means it contains 17 moles of acetic acid per liter of solution. To calculate the volume of acetic acid needed, we can use the following equation:
moles of acetic acid = concentration * volume (in liters)
We can rearrange this equation to solve for the volume:
volume (in liters) = moles of acetic acid / concentration
Plugging in our values, we get:
volume (in liters) = 2.528 mol / 17 M = 0.149 L
Finally, we need to convert liters to milliliters:
volume (in mL) = 0.149 L x 1000 mL/L = 149 mL
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Related Questions
The melting point X of a certain specimen be assumed to be a continuous random variable which is uniformly distributed over the interval [110, 120]. Find density function of X, mean of X, variance of X and P (112 x < 115.).
Answers
Density function: f(x) = 1/10, for 110 ≤ x ≤ 120, and f(x) = 0 otherwise.
Mean: μ = 115.
Variance: σ^2 = 25/3.
Probability: P(112 < X < 115) = 0.3.
Given that the melting point X is uniformly distributed over the interval [110, 120], we can find the density function, mean, variance, and probability as follows:
1. Density function:
Since X is uniformly distributed, the density function f(x) is constant within the interval [110, 120] and zero outside that interval. To find the density function, we need to determine the height of the constant density.
The total length of the interval is 120 - 110 = 10.
Since the density function is constant, the area under the density function curve must be equal to 1.
Therefore, the height of the constant density is 1 divided by the length of the interval: f(x) = 1/10, for 110 ≤ x ≤ 120, and f(x) = 0 otherwise.
2. Mean:
The mean (μ) of a uniform distribution is the average of the endpoints of the interval. In this case, the mean is (110 + 120) / 2 = 115.
3. Variance:
The variance (σ^2) of a uniform distribution is calculated using the formula: σ^2 = (b - a)^2 / 12, where a and b are the endpoints of the interval. In this case, the variance is (120 - 110)^2 / 12 = 10^2 / 12 = 100/12 = 25/3.
4. Probability:
To find P(112 < X < 115), we need to calculate the area under the density function curve between the points 112 and 115.
Since the density function is constant within the interval [110, 120], the probability is equal to the ratio of the length of the interval [112, 115] to the length of the entire interval [110, 120].
The length of the interval [112, 115] is 115 - 112 = 3.
The length of the entire interval [110, 120] is 120 - 110 = 10.
Therefore, P(112 < X < 115) = (3 / 10) = 0.3.
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Which of the following statements are true? Select all that apply
a barometer measures atmospheric pressure
a barometer measures the pressure of a gas in a sealed container
we breathe in carbon dioxide, which becomes dissolved in our blood to be delivered to cells
Answers
The statements that are true are as follows: a barometer measures the atmospheric pressure we breathe in carbon dioxide, which becomes dissolved in our blood to be delivered to cells.
A barometer is a device that is used to calculate atmospheric pressure. It works by measuring the pressure exerted by the Earth's atmosphere on the mercury in a glass tube. Atmospheric pressure is the weight of the atmosphere on the surface of the Earth, and it varies depending on the altitude and weather conditions. What is the gas we breathe in? The gas we breathe in is oxygen. We take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide when we breathe. Carbon dioxide is a byproduct of our body's metabolic processes, and it is transported in our blood to the lungs, where it is released from the body when we exhale. Oxygen, on the other hand, is used by our cells to generate energy through a process known as cellular respiration.
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What is the organic molecule below
Answers
Answer: 3-methyl-ethoxy-propanol
Explanation:
The organic molecule CH2OCH2CHOH is a diol, which means it contains two hydroxyl (-OH) groups. It is also known as ethylene glycol, and it has the molecular formula C2H6O2.
Ethylene glycol is a colorless, odorless, and sweet-tasting liquid that is commonly used as a solvent, antifreeze, and in the production of polyester fibers and resins.
It is also highly toxic if ingested, as it can cause kidney failure and other serious health problems.
Therefore, it is important to handle ethylene glycol with care and follow proper safety precautions when using it in laboratory or industrial settings.
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Complete the following proposed acid-base reactions, and predict whether the reactants or products are favored. (a) (b) + CH3COOH acetic acid + CH3COOH acetic acid N pyridine N H pyrrole 2. Predict the products of the following reactions: (a) excess NH3 + Ph-CH, CH, CH, Br > (b) 1-bromopentane (1) NaN3 (2) LiAlH4 (3) H30+ (c) CH3 (d) heat product from part (c) N + H2O2
Answers
The favored product of the acid-base reactions will be N-OH.
(a) In the first proposed acid-base reaction, pyridine (N) will act as a base and accept a proton from acetic acid (\(CH3COOH\)) to form the conjugate acid, pyridinium ion (N+). The favored product will be pyridinium ion since the acidity of acetic acid is greater than that of pyridine, meaning it will more readily donate a proton.In the second proposed acid-base reaction, pyrrole (N H) will act as a base and accept a proton from acetic acid (\(CH3COOH\)) to form the conjugate acid, pyrrolinium ion (N H+). The favored product will also be pyrrolinium ion since the acidity of acetic acid is greater than that of pyrrole.(b) In the first reaction, excess NH3 will act as a nucleophile and attack the electrophilic carbon of \(Ph-CH2-CH2-CH2-Br\)to form a new bond and release Br-. The favored product will be the substitution product where NH3 replaces Br-.
In the second reaction, NaN3 will act as a nucleophile and attack the electrophilic carbon of 1-bromopentane to form a new bond and release Br-. The favored product will be the substitution product where \(NaN3\) replaces Br-
In the third reaction, LiAlH4 will act as a reducing agent and reduce the C-Br bond to a C-H bond. The favored product will be 1-pentanamine.
In the fourth reaction, H3O+ will protonate the nitrogen in 1-pentanamine to form the ammonium ion (NH3+). The favored product will be the ammonium ion.(c) In this reaction, CH3 will act as a nucleophile and attack the electrophilic carbon of formaldehyde (HCHO) to form a new bond and release H-. The favored product will be methanol (CH3OH).(d) Heating the product from part (c) will cause dehydration to occur, forming the alkene, ethylene \((CH2=CH2).\)Finally, in the reaction between N and H2O2, N will act as a nucleophile and attack the electrophilic oxygen of \(H2O2\) to form a new bond and release H2O. The favored product will be \(N-OH\).
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What is the electron configuration for
08
16
Answers
The electron configuration for Oxygen : [He] 2s²2p⁴
Further explanationWriting electron configurations starts from the lowest to the highest sub-shell energy level. There are 4 sub-shells in the shell of an atom, namely s, p, d, and f. The maximum number of electrons for each sub-shell is
• s: 2 electrons
• p: 6 electrons
• d: 10 electrons and
• f: 14 electrons
Charging electrons in the sub-shell uses the following sequence:
1s², 2s², 2p⁶, 3s², 3p⁶, 4s², 3d¹⁰, 4p⁶, 5s², 4d¹⁰, 5p⁶, 6s², etc.
The element is Oxgen, with symbol O, and :
the atomic number=8=number of electron
the atomic mass=16
The electron configuration based on the number of electrons(for Oxygen=8), so the configuration :
\(\tt _8^{16}O:1s^22s^22p^4\) or we can write with noble gas [He] 2s²2p⁴
Please help i don’t know what to say
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Groundwater spread over the years
what is the molar mass of magnesium tartrate
Answers
Answer:
172.385 g/mol
Explanation:
Magnesium Tartrate is C4H4MgO6
C - 12.01 g/mol
H - 1.01 g/mol
Mg - 24.305 g/mol
O - 16.00 g/mol
12.01(4) + 1.01(4) + 24.305 + 16(6) = 172.385 g/mol
Answer:
172.38
Explanation:
\(C_4H_4MgO_6\\C=12.01\\H=1.01\\Mg=24.30\\O=16.00\\\\4(12.01)+4(1.01)+24.30+6(16.00)\\48.04+4.04+24.30+96\\=172.38\)
C = 12.01
H=1.01
Mg=24.30
O =16.00
4(12.01)+4(1.01)+24.30+6(16.00)
48.04 +4.04+24.30+96
=172.38
3. which molecule is a reactant in photosynthesis in plants? a) carbon dioxide b) glucose c) oxygen d) carbohydrates
Answers
Answer:
Carbon dioxide
Explanation:
Co2 and H2O are reactants
The solubility of a gas in water is 0.66 g/L at 15 kPa of pressure. What is the solubility when the pressure is increased to 40.0 kPa?
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer to the following question will be "1.76 g/L".
Explanation:
The given values are:
P₁ = 15 kPa
Solubility of water, C₁ = 0.66 g/L
P₂ = 40.0 kPa
C₂ = ?
Now,
According to Henry's Law,
⇒ \(\frac{P_{1}}{P_{2}}=\frac{C_{1}}{C_{2}}\)
⇒ \(C_{2}=\frac{C_{1}\times P_{2}}{P_{1}}\)
On putting the estimated values, we get
⇒ \(=\frac{0.66\times 40}{15}\)
⇒ \(=\frac{26.4}{15}\)
⇒ \(=1.76 \ g/L\)
Naturally occurring potassium consists of potassium-39 and potassium-41. calculate the percentage of each isotope present if theaverage is 39.1.
Answers
When the average is 39.1, naturally occurring potassium consists of 50% potassium-39 and 50% potassium-41.
An isotope is a variant of an element that has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons in its nucleus. Potassium has two naturally occurring isotopes: potassium-39 and potassium-41. To calculate the percentage of each isotope present when the average is 39.1, we can use the following formula:
% of potassium-39 = (39.1 - 41) / (39 - 41) x 100%
% of potassium-41 = 100% - % of potassium-39
Using this formula, we can first calculate the percentage of potassium-39:
% of potassium-39 = (39.1 - 41) / (39 - 41) x 100%
% of potassium-39 = -1 / (-2) x 100%
% of potassium-39 = 50%
This means that potassium-39 makes up 50% of the naturally occurring potassium. To calculate the percentage of potassium-41, we simply subtract the percentage of potassium-39 from 100%:
% of potassium-41 = 100% - 50%
% of potassium-41 = 50%
Therefore, potassium-41 also makes up 50% of the naturally occurring potassium. In summary, when the average is 39.1, naturally occurring potassium consists of 50% potassium-39 and 50% potassium-41.
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naming compoundingLi2O • 9 H2O
Answers
Let's see that the first compound represents an oxide which is a combination resulting from the union of a metallic or nonmetallic element with oxygen. To name an oxide, you have to write "___ oxide", where the line is the name of the element. In this case, lithium is the element that is bonded with oxygen, so its name is lithium oxide.
The second compound that you can recognize as water, is an oxide too. So its name is also hydrogen oxide.
Gasoline is composed of a variety of different liquid hydrocarbons, which do not separate as time passes. Gasoline is an example of a?
Answers
Gasoline, which is composed of a variety of different liquid hydrocarbons that do not separate as time passes is an example of compound.
What is a compound?A compound is a substance formed by chemical union of two or more ingredients in definite proportions by weight.
A compound is a type of pure substance that does not separate easily via chemical or physical means.
According to this question, gasoline is composed of a variety of different liquid hydrocarbons, which do not separate as time passes.
Gasoline is specifically a liquid consisting of a mixture of refined petroleum hydrocarbons and is mainly used as a motor fuel e.g. petrol.
This suggests that gasoline is an example of a compound because it is made up of several other substances that do not separate readily.
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A student has measured the volume of a sample of hydrogen gas and has found that
she has a total of 15.84 moles of the gas. What is the mass of this sample of
hydrogen gas? Please round your answer to two digits after the decimal point, and
remember to include correct, complete units (including substance formula).
Answers
The correct answer is 2.03×1/10² mol
500 cm³ = 0.5 L,760 mm of Hg=1 atm.
Now apply the ideal gas law, n= PV/RT
n= 1×0.5/ 0.0821×300
⟹n=2.03×10 ^−2 mol
What is the ideal gas law?
It is also called the general gas equation, is the equation of state for a hypothetical ideal gas. It is a good approximation of the behavior of many gases under many conditions, although it has several limitations. It was first stated by Benoît Paul Émile Clapeyron in 1834 as a combination of the empirical Boyle's Law, Charles' Law, Avogadro's Law, and Gay-Lussac's Law.To know more about ideal gas law, click the link given below:
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KINDLY PARAPHRASE THE FOLLOWING PARAGRAPHS:
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Growth in Distribution Spaces
An essential part of the e-commerce business is its supply chain. Figuring out the logistics for packaging and shipping goods to customers includes warehousing, and that’s where commercial real estate comes into play. As e-commerce has grown, we have seen significant growth in the leasing and sale of distribution centers and warehouse spaces.
E-commerce giants look for spaces near large cities like Houston while still having enough space for large buildings. There is a lot of potential and growth in the Houston suburbs such as Katy, Brookshire & Waller. We are seeing more distribution centers popping up in these areas.
Smaller Retail Spaces
As retail has shifted to online, we have seen businesses struggling to keep physical spaces open over the past few years. While e-commerce is booming, some brick-and-mortar spaces are having to close or downsize.
There are certain markets, like groceries, that will always require a physical location, but there is a trend for smaller retail spaces across the market. Smaller spaces mean less inventory in-store, and this consequently encourages a combination of online and in-store shopping. Hybrid shopping especially increased in popularity during the Covid-19 lockdown.
Merging online shopping with curbside or in-store pick-up offered that element of convenience and a safe way to shop during the pandemic, and even as restrictions ease, people will still seek the ease of this approach. However, even though convenience is what mainly drives e-commerce, we don’t expect to see in-store experiences disappear altogether.
Increased Technology in Retail
Since many prefer shopping online, working to translate the benefits of technology to physical spaces has been important in keeping up with trends. Integrating technology into retail spaces will be essential for future leasing and selling opportunities in the market. Implementing tools such as apps can create unique and convenient shopping experiences and can help businesses gather data that is essential for tracking traffic and learning more about the customer.
These tools can also help drive customers to the retail location with special offers or in-store pickup options. Large lifestyle shopping centers have shown to be among the most proactive in blending technology with consumer experiences.
Overall, e-commerce has a major impact on the commercial real estate business, from the industrial real estate benefit from its growth to seeing space buying and leasing becoming a smaller part of retail operations. In 2020 alone, e-commerce accounted for 14 percent of all sales, but it is inevitable that e-commerce will continue to grow as it has for the last decade. Commercial real estate is a reflection of society and its habits and we will continue to see it mirrored as changes in technology and retail emerge.
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Answers
The impact of e-commerce on commercial real estate is significant. E-commerce sales have grown steadily, accounting for a considerable portion of overall sales.
The growth of e-commerce has fueled the demand for distribution spaces, specifically distribution centers and warehouses, which play a crucial role in the supply chain and logistics of packaging and shipping goods to customers. These spaces are sought after by e-commerce giants, who prefer locations near large cities while still providing ample room for large buildings. Suburban areas, such as Katy, Brookshire, and Waller near Houston, are experiencing significant growth in the establishment of distribution centers.
On the other hand, the rise of online shopping has posed challenges for brick-and-mortar retailers. Many physical retail spaces have struggled to remain open or have had to downsize. As a result, there is a trend towards smaller retail spaces, which require less inventory in-store. This trend encourages a combination of online and in-store shopping, known as hybrid shopping. The Covid-19 pandemic further accelerated this trend as consumers sought the convenience and safety of online shopping with options like curbside or in-store pick-up. Even as restrictions ease, this approach is expected to remain popular.
To adapt to the changing retail landscape, integrating technology into physical retail spaces has become crucial. Technology tools, such as mobile apps, can enhance the shopping experience, offer special promotions, and provide valuable data on customer behavior. Retailers, especially large lifestyle shopping centers, have been proactive in blending technology with consumer experiences to stay relevant and attract customers.
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What is a cold front? What kind of weather can you expect there?
Answers
helpppppppppppppppppp
Answers
Answer:
whyyyy?what happened hmmmm hahahahahhajajaha
Globalization has changed everything about international trade and business. While in the past, the United States was a popular country to do business with as a first step into international business, ________________ are the two countries most companies are going to today. a. Brazil and Philippines b. Indonesia and Brazil c. China and India d. Sweden and Germany e. Russia and Japan
Answers
Globalization has had a significant impact on the way businesses operate today. With advancements in technology and communication, the world has become a global marketplace, and international trade has become easier than ever before.
Globalization has had a significant impact on the way businesses operate today. With advancements in technology and communication, the world has become a global marketplace, and international trade has become easier than ever before. As a result, the United States is no longer the only popular destination for companies to begin their international business ventures.
In today's global economy, China and India are the two countries that most companies are turning to as they offer massive markets for businesses to tap into. With over 1.3 billion people in each country, both China and India have a vast consumer base that companies are eager to access. Additionally, both countries have experienced rapid economic growth over the past few decades, and this trend is set to continue, making them attractive markets for businesses looking to expand internationally.
In conclusion, globalization has transformed the world of international trade and business, and companies are no longer limited to just a few countries to begin their global ventures. As the global economy continues to evolve, it is likely that more countries will emerge as key players in the international business landscape.
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.Which of the following is a characteristic of both scientific theories and laws?Immersive Reader
(3 Points)
not subject to change
based on a scientist's opinion
explains natural phenomena
based on scientific evidence
Answers
Answer:
its B
Explanation:i took the test
Answer:
I believe the answer is ; explains natural phenomena.
Explanation:
example of a man-made object that has been changed by weathering
Answers
Answer: A man-made object that has been changed by weathering is the pyramids. The pyramids in Egypt have weathered slowly because of the dryness of the desert, but they have indeed weathered throughout the years.
Im not entirely sure how to do this would someone mind answering it for me?
Answers
Chemical equation for aerobic respiration?
Answers
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
Does the temperature of the thermometer show the melting, freezing,
or boiling point of water
Answers
Answer:
Depending on the thermometer, it may have the ability to go as high or low as melting, freezing or boiling point for water. Just make sure you know the boiling, melting and freezing points in Celsius, Fahrenheit and/or Kelvin and read your thermometer accordingly.
Explanation:
Calculate the percent composition of phosphorus in magnesium phosphate.
Answers
The percent composition of phosphorus in magnesium phosphate is approximately 32.3%.
Calculate the percent composition of phosphorus in magnesium phosphate?The percent composition of phosphorus in magnesium phosphate can be determined by using the molecular formula of magnesium phosphate.The molecular formula for magnesium phosphate is Mg3(PO4)2.This formula contains three moles of magnesium (Mg) and two moles of phosphorus (P) combined with eight moles of oxygen (O).The percent composition of phosphorus can then be determined by dividing the number of moles of phosphorus (2) by the total number of moles of all elements in the compound (13), multiplied by 100.This calculation yields a percent composition of phosphorus in magnesium phosphate of 15.38%.Therefore, the percent composition of phosphorus in magnesium phosphate is 15.38%.To learn more about the percent composition of phosphorus in magnesium phosphate refer to:
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A scientist wants to determine how many gallons of milk the children at her son's elementary school drink per week. She sends out a survey (with approval by the school) and
takes data on how many gallons of milk each student says they drink. What are the independent and dependent variables?
Answers
children: independent variable
Which statement best describes why a basketball appears orange?
A.
All the colours in white light are absorbed, except the orange light.
B.The orange light is absorbed by the basketball.
C.All the colours in white light are reflected, except the orange light.
D.The basketball refracts the light, with only the orange being absorbed.
Answers
Answer:
b) the orange light is absorbed by the basketball
Which of the following is the best example of solar energy being converted into chemical energy?
photosynthesis
heating of the road
formation of clouds
evaporation of water
Answers
Answer:
It's photosynthesis.
Igneous rock is where new rock is formed from molten
Answers
Answer:
Igneous rocks (from the Latin word for fire) form when hot, molten rock crystallizes and solidifies. The melt originates deep within the Earth near active plate boundaries or hot spots, then rises toward the surface.
Explanation:
Name the following straight-chain Alkanes (picture)
Answers
Answer:
I don't know about the rest but A is heptane
I really need help please and thank -you which two countries has dominated space exploration during the space race from 1955 to 1975
Answers
can i have brainliest?
Na2SO3 + S -------> Na2S2O3
Answers
Answer:
Synthesis
Explanation:
A+B=C