Write the equilibrium constant expression for each of the following reactions.

a CO(g) + H2O(g) YZZ ZZX CO2(g) + H2(g)

b CH4(g) + Cl2(g) YZZ ZZX CH3 Cl(g) + HCl(g)

c 2SO2(g) + O2(g) YZZ ZZX 2SO3(g)

d FeO(s) + CO(g) YZZ ZZX Fe(s) + CO2(g)

If we add the chromate as an oxidizing agent, a green Cr³⁺ solution be formed :

The oxidizing agent is the compound which itself rets reduce and oxidizes the other compounds. The primary alcohols get oxidized to the carboxylic acid. The secondary alcohols will convert to the ketones. The tertiary alcohols do not undergoes this reaction. The reactions are as follows :

1) CH₃ - CH₂ -CH - CH₂ CH₃   --------->   CH₃ - CH₂ - C - CH₂ - CH₃

                      |                                                             ||

                    OH                                                          O

2) 2-methyl-2-butonol ----->  no reaction

3) CH₃ - CH₂ - CH₂ - OH ------>CH₃ - CH₂ - CHO --->  CH₃ - CH₂ - COOH

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The final volume must be approximately 16.87 liters for the pressure of the gas to be 1.62 atm at a temperature of 334 K.

To calculate the final volume, we can use the ideal gas law equation: PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles of gas, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature. Given that the pressure (P) is 1.62 atm, the temperature (T) is 334 K, and assuming we have one mole of gas (n = 1), we can plug these values into the equation.

V = (nRT) / P

V = (1 * 0.0821 * 334) / 1.62

Using the gas constant R = 0.0821 L·atm/(mol·K), we can calculate the final volume as follows:

V = (27.314) / 1.62

V ≈ 16.87 liters

Therefore, the final volume must be approximately 16.87 liters for the pressure of the gas to be 1.62 atm at a temperature of 334 K.

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Answer:

Explanation:

percent yield is ratio of actual yield or experimental yield divided by theoretical yield multiplied by 100 .

percent yield of 93.4 % means , the actual yield is 93.4 % what was expected from the reaction on the basis of given chemical reaction .

If in the experimental process , some sodium hydrogen carbonate is left unreacted due to absence of reactant HCl which is also required to obtain product , the percent yield will be increased if the required HCl is also provided .

Hence the percent yield will be increased if required HCl is made available .

Answer: conjugate base of a weak acid

Explanation: If the anion is a conjugate base of a weak acid, the solution would be basic. This is because weak acids do not produce enough hydrogen ions in the solution so does not really affect the acidity, so the conjugate base can react with water in the solution to produce a basic solution.

When the engineer adds an additional 1.2 atm of nitrogen dioxide, the total pressure of the mixture is 4.9 atm + 1.2 atm = 6.1 atm. At equilibrium, the pressure of dinitrogen tetroxide is approximately 2.3 atm.

This is calculated by subtracting the equilibrium pressure of nitrogen dioxide (2.7 atm) from the total pressure of the system (6.1 atm). Therefore, after equilibrium is reached the second time, the pressure of dinitrogen tetroxide is 2.3 atm.

When nitrogen dioxide gas is added to a system, the equilibrium pressure of dinitrogen tetroxide is determined by Le Chatelier's principle. This principle states that when a system is disturbed from equilibrium, it will shift to re-establish equilibrium.

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The triatomic form of oxygen, with three oxygen atoms bonded together, is called ozone (O₃).

Ozone is a pale blue gas that has a distinctively sharp odor, and it is formed naturally in the atmosphere by a chemical reaction between oxygen molecules and ultraviolet light.

Ozone is also formed as a byproduct of some industrial processes and can be used for various applications, such as in water treatment and air purification systems.

However, high concentrations of ozone can be harmful to human health and the environment, and it is classified as a pollutant. Therefore, it is important to regulate and monitor ozone levels to maintain a healthy and safe environment for all living beings.

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The purpose of boiling stones is option 2: they promote smooth boiling of the solution.

Small chunks of porous black rock, frequently silicon carbide, called boiling stones (or boiling chips) are added to a solvent or solution. They feature a high surface area that can serve as a nucleation site for the creation of solvent bubbles and contain trapped air that bubbles out when a liquid is heated. They should not be put to a liquid that is nearly boiling; doing so may cause a strong explosion of bubbles.

The bubbles that form when a liquid is brought to a boil using boiling stones usually come mostly from the stones. Because the solvent fills the cracks of the boiling stones after only one use, they can no longer produce bubbles.

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The electron configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 represents a neutral atom of argon (Ar), which has 18 electrons. Therefore, any ion with 18 electrons in its electron configuration can have this same configuration.

Examples of ions with this electron configuration include:

Ar+ (loses 1 electron)

K+ (loses 1 electron and has a full 3rd energy level)

Ca2+ (loses 2 electrons and has a full 3rd energy level)

Without more information, it is not possible to determine which of these ions (or another ion with the same electron configuration) is being referred to.

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Answer: 410

Explanation:

Drop the retaining numbers 1 and 2 after the decimal and then round the 2 in 412 to 0 because any number less than 5 rounds to 0. 0 shouldn’t count as a sig fig.

Answer:

  ≈ 0.6579 atm

Explanation:

The pressure in atmospheres is the ratio of the pressure on the mountain to one atmosphere, in corresponding units.

The pressure is ...

  500 /760 atm = 25/38 atm ≈ 0.6579 atm

The relative thermodynamic stability of organic molecules that are isomeric can be deduced from heats of combustion, making option D the right response. Isomeric organic molecules benefit from this as well.

The quantity of heat created by the combustion of a specific amount of a substance, usually a fuel or food; see food energy—is its heating value, also known as its energy value or calorific value. When a substance burns completely with oxygen under normal circumstances, the amount of energy produced as heat is measured as the calorific value. Organic substances in chemistry are essentially any chemical molecules that have carbon-hydrogen bonds. Millions of organic compounds are known because carbon can catenate, or join with other carbon atoms to form chains.

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There are 1.81 × 10^24 caffeine molecules (C₈H₁₀N₄O₂) in 3 moles of C₈H₁₀N₄O₂.

One mole of a substance has 6.022 × 10²³ particles. This number is known as Avogadro's number. The molecular mass of caffeine is 194.19 g/mol. Thus, 3 moles of caffeine have a mass of 3 × 194.19 = 582.57 g. Moles = Mass/Molecular mass = 582.57 g / 194.19 g/mol = 3 moles. 1 mole of caffeine contains 6.022 × 10²³ molecules. Thus, 3 moles of caffeine contain 3 × 6.022 × 10²³ = 1.81 × 10²⁴ molecules.

Caffeine has the chemical formula C₈H₁₀N₄O₂. Therefore, 1 molecule of caffeine contains 8 carbon atoms, 10 hydrogen atoms, 4 nitrogen atoms, and 2 oxygen atoms. Therefore, the total number of atoms in one molecule of caffeine = 8 + 10 + 4 + 2 = 24. Hence, 3 moles of caffeine will contain 1.81 × 10²⁴ caffeine molecules x 24 atoms/molecule = 4.34 × 10²⁵ atoms.

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Answer:

Products have less potential energy than reactants.

Explanation:

Let's remember the concept of an exothermic reaction: a chemical reaction or physical change is exothermic if heat is released by the system into the surroundings. Because the surroundings are gaining heat from the system, the temperature of the surroundings increases.

Now, let's see how looks a potential energy diagram for an exothermic reaction:

This represents that the products have less potential energy than reactants.

Doping is the process of addition of impurities to the crystal lattice of the semi-conductor in order to increase its conductivity. Semi-conductors have the conductivity between insulators and conductors. Impurity added is called dopant.

Silicon contains 4 valence electrons in it's outermost shell. Adding Phosphorus to the crystal lattice of silicon which contains 5 valence electrons (electron rich impurity) causes bonding between 4 valence electrons of phosphorus and 4 valence electrons of silicon. 1 electron of phosphorus is free to move to the conduction band which is responsible for conduction of electricity. This type of conductor is called n-type conductor.  

While Gallium contains 3 valence electrons (electron deficient impurity) causes bonding to 3 free electrons of silicon and 1 electron of silicon is free thereby causing a hole. This free electron is available for conduction. This type of conductor is called p-type conductor.

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When a container holds a pure sample of a radioactive substance with a half-life of 2 hours, after 2 hours, half of the original sample will have decayed and transformed into another substance.

The half-life of a radioactive substance is the time it takes for half of the substance to decay. In this case, the half-life of the radioactive substance in the container is 2 hours, meaning that after every 2 hours, half of the remaining substance will have decayed.

After another 2 hours (a total of 4 hours), half of the remaining sample will decay, leaving only a quarter of the original sample. This process will continue exponentially until the entire sample has decayed. It's important to handle radioactive substances with care and dispose of them properly to avoid any potential harm to living organisms and the environment.

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Answer:

The statements which are correct are;

c) (i), (ii) and (iv)

Explanation:

The chemical equation is presented as follows;

2Fe(s) + 3H₂O(g) → 3Fe₂O₃(s) + 3H₂(g)

Therefore, we have;

i) The iron gains oxygen atoms and therefore gets oxidized

The iron loses 3 electrons each to become oxidized to Fe³⁺ in Fe₂O₃

ii) The water loses oxygen and therefore it is getting reduced

iv) The water donates oxygen and therefore it is acting as the oxidizing agent

The correct options are (i), (ii) and (iv).

Answer:

0.4535 mols

Explanation:

CaO Molar Mass is 56.1 grams.

25.44gCaO x 1mol/56.1g = 0.4535 mols

Answer:

thermal shock

Explanation:

the temperatures inside the glass jar should have continued to increase over time. Internal stresses due to uneven heating. This is also known as “thermal shock”.

In general, the thicker the glass, the more prone it will be to breaking due to the immediate differences in temperature across the thickness of glass.

Borosilicate glass is more tolerant of this, as it has a higher elasticity than standard silicon glass.

You may also note that laboratory test tubes and flasks are made with thinner walls, and of borosilicate glass, when designated for heating.

Answer:

d. NH4+ and C2H3O2- ions

Explanation:

When ammonium acetate (NH4C2H3O2) is mixed with water, it dissociates into its ions. In this case, it dissociates into NH4+ (ammonium ion) and C2H3O2- (acetate ion). Therefore, the solution will contain NH4+ and C2H3O2- ions dissolved in water.

The solution contains NH4+ and C2H302 ions. Among the given options, the correct answer is option d. It forms a solution containing NH4+ and C2H302 ions that are fully dissolved in the water.

When a chemist mixes ammonium acetate into 500 mL of water, the ammonium acetate (NH4C2H3O2) dissolves and dissociates into its constituent ions. This results in the formation of NH4+ ions (ammonium ions) and C2H3O2- ions (acetate ions) in the solution. Ammonium acetate is a salt that readily dissolves in water, dissociating into NH4+ and C2H302 ions. The aqueous solution will contain NH4+ ions and C2H3O2- ions, which are formed due to the dissociation of ammonium acetate in water. These ions will be dispersed throughout the solution and will not sink to the bottom.

In conclusion, when ammonium acetate is mixed into water, it forms a solution containing NH4+ and C2H302 ions that are fully dissolved in the water.

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Answer:

Consider your personal preferences first because the colors you use in your home need to reflect those preferences as well as fit in with your lifestyle.

Light has an influence over the colors that can make them look stunning as well as dull. Different types of light sources such as incandescent, fluorescent, halogen, or LED will affect the way a color appears.

The orientation of the room such as the direction it faces or how much natural or artificial light is available can also affect how colors will appear in the room. So, consider the room specifications as well.

Consider fixed as well as furnished elements and accessories as they too have color. Take them into consideration to ensure that camouflaging or clashing doesn’t happen.

Consider the texture of walls whether they are smooth, rough, or in between. The texture will change the appearance of the color. Smooth walls will appear lighter while rough walls will appear darker.

Consider the kind of mood you want to set in a particular room. Different colors as well as their hues and combinations emote different feelings.

Consider the finishing if the paint whether to use gloss, semi-gloss, or satin to name a few. The finish of the t will have a lot to do with the final look of your color.

Explanation:

Normal saline contains Na+ and Cl-. Extracellularly,there is more Na+ and Cl- than intracellularly and most often during loss of bodily fluid,it is extracellular fluid that is lost and so the Na+ and Cl- ions in saline replenish these. Even if the loss of fluid is intracellular,it can still be replenished (passively )from the extracellular fluid into the intracellular fluid. Conversely, distilled water is just water which lacks any special electrolytes to carry out these functions as the normal saline

Moles of Water

Moles = mass ÷ molar mass

          = 56.00 g ÷ 18.015 g/mol

          = 3.1085 mol

Molecules of Water

Number of molecules = moles × Avogadro's Number

                                    =  3.1085 mol × (6.022 × 10²³ molecules/mol)

                                    =  1.872 × 10²⁴ molecules

Note: We could do all this calculation in one step but I separated it to make it clearer.

Answer:

1)physical change

Explanation:

2)chemical change

Answer:

density =mass/ volume

Explanation:

isn't this physics ...

so is the mass is 19 g and volume = 25 ml first convert to same units (g/cm3)

1ml = 1cm3

same units so no need to convert

19 divided by 25 = 0.76

0.76 g/cm3

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Water does  not stick to the leaves of the plant  owing to the fact that the leaves has a waterproof cuticle.

We know that the leaves are the parts of the plant that are involved in photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants produce their own food in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll. We know that the leave has an outer protective covering.

The tissue that plays this outer covering of a plant for is the  epidermis and its waxy cuticle. It prevents damage to the plant.

Water does  not stick to the leaves of the plant  owing to the fact that the leaves has a waterproof cuticle.

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The valence-shell configuration of the metallic element M in Period 4 is 4s2 4p6.

What is the valence-shell configuration of the metallic element M in Period 4?

The valence-shell configuration refers to the arrangement of electrons in the outermost shell, or valence shell, of an atom. In Period 4, the valence shell of the metallic element M would be the fourth shell, denoted as the 4s and 4p orbitals.

The electron configuration of an element is determined by the position of the element in the periodic table. Since M is in Period 4, we know that it has four electron shells. The valence electrons are those located in the outermost shell, which determine the element's chemical properties and reactivity.

In this case, the valence-shell configuration of M is given as 4s2 4p6, indicating that there are two electrons in the 4s orbital and six electrons in the 4p orbitals. The total number of valence electrons can be calculated as the sum of the electrons in the valence orbitals, which in this case is 8.

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The reaction which shows the bronsted-lowry acid reacting is HCl + H₂O → H₃O⁺ + Cl⁻.

According to the Bronsted-Lowry theory, the species which donates H⁺ ion to the solution is known as Bronsted-Lowry acid and which accepts H⁺ ion is known as Bronsted-Lowry base.

Among the given reactions, only the reaction which is showing Bronsted-Lowry acid is:

HCl + H₂O → H₃O⁺ + Cl⁻

Here HCl is a Bronsted-Lowry acid as it gives H⁺ ion in the aqueous solution.

Hence, option (3) is correct.

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Answer:

Molecules with three electron pairs

Explanation:

=>

The largest particle that can generally be transported by a stream moving at 200 centimeters per second is a cobble.

So, the correct answer is option 2.

A cobble is a rounded rock fragment larger than a pebble but smaller than a boulder. It usually ranges in size from 64 to 256 millimeters in diameter. The velocity of a stream is a critical factor in determining the size of the particles that can be transported by the water. As the velocity of the stream increases, it can carry larger particles.

However, there is a limit to the size of the particles that can be transported, and a stream moving at 200 centimeters per second can carry a maximum particle size of a cobble. Anything larger, such as a boulder, would require a much stronger current to transport.

Hence, the answer of the question is option 2

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Answer:

3.125g/mol

Explanation:

To find the molar mass of the gas, we need to initially find the number of moles (n) contained in the gas. To find the number of moles, we use the general gas law whose equation is:

PV=nRT

Where; P= Pressure

V= Volume occupied by gas

n= number of moles

R= general gas constant

(0.0821 L atm mol/K)

T= absolute temperature

According to the question; P= 2.0atm, V= 2.0L, n= ?, T= 298K

To find n, we make it the subject of the formula:

n= PV/RT

n= 2.0 × 2.0 / 0.0821 × 298

n= 4/ 24.4658

n= 0.16mol

If number of moles (n) of the gas is 0.16mol and it weighs 0.500g, its molar mass can be found using:

number of moles (n) = mass (g) / molar mass

Making MM subject of the formula;

molar mass = mass / number of moles

MM= 0.500/0.16

MM= 3.125

Hence, the molar mass of the gas is 3.125g/mol.