which scientist is credited with early, quantitative data on redox reactions?

Body temperature controlled by the environment and  sweating to cool down are two statement regarding Ectotherms. Therefore, the correct option is option A, D.

Ectotherm, any cold-blooded animal—that is, every animal whose body temperature control is dependent on external sources such as sunshine or a hot rock surface. Fishes, amphibians, reptiles, as well as invertebrates are all ectotherms. An aquatic ectotherm's body temperature is generally quite close to the surrounding temperature water.

Ectotherms that dwell in areas where temps fluctuate seasonally escape extremes by seeking refuge in burrows or similar sites, or by going dormant to some extent. Body temperature controlled by the environment and  sweating to cool down are two statement regarding Ectotherms.

Therefore, the correct option is option A, D.

To learn more about ectotherm, here:

https://brainly.com/question/13871042

#SPJ1

Answer:

Molar Mass of Calcium Carbonate = 100g

given mass = 50g

Number of mole of Calcium Carbonate =50/100 = 0.5 mole

Molarity = mole per litre of volume

Molarity = 0.5 /0.25 = 2mole/litre

Explanation:

hope it helps ......

mark me as brainliest ❤️

Answer:

\(mass \: of \: solute = 50 g \\ volume \: of \: the \: solution = 250ml \\ molar \: mass \: of \: solute \: = 100 \frac{g}{mol} \\ molarity = \frac{mole}{volume} \\ = \frac{ \frac{50}{100} }{250 \times {10}^{ - 3} } \\ = \frac{.5 \times {10}^{3} }{250} \\ = \frac{500}{250} \\ = 2mol \\ thank \: you\)

Answer:

Answer is D.Blue.

Explanation:

The hottest stars tend to appear blue or blue-white, whereas the coolest stars are red.

I hope it's helpful!

Answer:

D.Blue

Explanation:

The temperature needed for 41 grams of O₂ to expand to a volume of 2L under a pressure of 1 atm is approximately 19.023 Kelvin.

We know that the ideal gas equation is:

PV = nRT ......(i)

where P ⇒ pressure

V ⇒ volume of the gas

n ⇒ number of moles of the gas

T ⇒ temperature in Kelvin

R ⇒ ideal gas constant = 0.082057 (L·atm/(mol·K))

Now, as per the question:

Mass of O₂ = 41 grams

The volume of expanded gas, V = 2 L

Pressure, P = 1 atm

We need to determine the temperature needed for the gas to expand to 2 L.

For that, we need to calculate the number of moles of O₂ gas first.

Since,

no. of moles = mass of the gas / molar mass of the gas

(∵ molar mass of O₂ = 32 g)

moles = 41 g / 32 g/mol

moles ≈ 1.28125 mol

Now,  to solve for temperature (T),

The ideal gas equation can be written as:

\(T=\frac{PV}{nR}\)  ......(ii)

Now, substituting the given values in the equation (ii):

\(T = \frac{(1)*(2)}{(1.28125)*(0.082057)} \frac{(atm).(L)}{(mole).(L.atm/mol.K)}\)

\(T = \frac{2}{0.105136} \frac{atm.L}{(L.atm)/K}\)

T ≈ 19.023 K

Thus, the temperature needed for 41 grams of O₂ to expand to a volume of 2 L under a pressure of 1 atm is approximately 19.023 Kelvin.

Click here to learn more about ideal gas law:

brainly.com/question/27009857

An approved epa-registered disinfectant is effective on Nonporous surface.

Products on the list, according to the EPA, have "qualified for use against COVID19" through the agency's Emerging Viral Pathogen programme, where producers submit information that "shows their products are effective against harder-to-kill viruses," according to the agency.

The EPA states that since coronaviruses are enclosed viruses, they are among the simpler viruses to eradicate with the right disinfectant.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the majority of commonly used EPA-registered household disinfectants and diluted household bleach solutions should be effective for disinfection. Alcohol solutions with at least 70% alcohol should also work.

The American Chemical Council Center for Biocide Chemistries also has a list of "emerging viral pathogens claims" that have been approved by the EPA, which the CDC has mentioned.

The EPA list includes many of the same products as that list.

Consumers are advised by the EPA to adhere to the instructions and pay "special attention to the contact time for the product on the treated surface."

To know more about epa-registered disinfectant click here:

https://brainly.com/question/4575141

#SPJ4

Answer:

-83.15

Explanation:

190K − 273.15 = -83.15°C

The main material used to produce cement and concrete is limestone, which is a sedimentary rock composed primarily of calcium carbonate.

Limestone is the primary ingredient in the production of cement and concrete. It is a sedimentary rock formed from the accumulation of the remains of marine organisms such as coral and shells. Limestone is primarily composed of calcium carbonate (CaCO3).

The process of producing cement involves heating limestone along with other materials at high temperatures to form a substance called clinker. This clinker is then ground into a fine powder and mixed with gypsum to produce cement.

Cement acts as a binding agent in concrete, which is a mixture of cement, aggregates (such as sand and gravel), and water.

Limestone is favored for cement and concrete production due to its abundance and desirable properties. It provides the necessary chemical components, particularly calcium, for the chemical reactions that occur during cement production.

Additionally, limestone contributes to the strength and durability of concrete structures, making it a crucial material in the construction industry.

Learn more about Calcium Carbonate here:

brainly.com/question/32849422

#SPJ11

Answer:

Explanation:

The density of a substance can be found by using the formula

\(density = \frac{mass}{volume} \\\)

From the question

mass = 15 g

volume = 3 mL

We have

\(density = \frac{15}{3} = 5 \\ \)

We have the final answer as

Hope this helps you.

The refrigerator would use 180 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electric energy over the course of 30 days, assuming it runs for 12 hours each day.

To calculate the kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electric energy used by the refrigerator in 30 days, we need to multiply the power rating by the total running time.

Given:

Power rating of the refrigerator = 500 W

Running time per day = 12 hours

Number of days = 30

First, we need to convert the power rating from watts to kilowatts:

Power rating = 500 W / 1000 = 0.5 kW

Next, we calculate the total energy used in kilowatt-hours (kWh) over the 30-day period:

Energy used = Power rating × Running time × Number of days

Energy used = 0.5 kW × 12 hours/day × 30 days

Energy used = 180 kWh

Therefore, the refrigerator would use 180 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electric energy over the course of 30 days, assuming it runs for 12 hours each day.

For more question on energy

https://brainly.com/question/29339318

#SPJ8

Answer:  True. Only primary alcohols can be oxidized to carboxylic acids using an oxidizing agent such as potassium permanganate (KMnO4) or chromium trioxide (CrO3) in an acidic solution. Secondary alcohols can be oxidized to ketones, but not to carboxylic acids, while tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all using these reagents.

Explanation:

The delta hrxn for the equation NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → H2O(l) + NaCl(aq) is -56.75 kJ/mol.

To find the delta hrxn for the equation NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → H2O(l) + NaCl(aq), you need to follow these steps:

1. Look up the standard enthalpies of formation (∆Hf) for each compound in the reaction. These values are typically found in a table or reference book. Here are the values you'll need:
  - NaOH(aq): -469.15 kJ/mol
  - HCl(aq): -167.2 kJ/mol
  - H2O(l): -285.83 kJ/mol
  - NaCl(aq): -407.27 kJ/mol

2. Apply Hess's Law, which states that the enthalpy change of a reaction (∆Hrxn) is equal to the sum of the standard enthalpies of formation of the products minus the sum of the standard enthalpies of formation of the reactants:

  ∆Hrxn = [∆Hf(H2O) + ∆Hf(NaCl)] - [∆Hf(NaOH) + ∆Hf(HCl)]

3. Plug in the values from step 1:

  ∆Hrxn = [(-285.83 kJ/mol) + (-407.27 kJ/mol)] - [(-469.15 kJ/mol) + (-167.2 kJ/mol)]

4. Perform the calculations:

  ∆Hrxn = (-693.1 kJ/mol) - (-636.35 kJ/mol) = -56.75 kJ/mol

The delta hrxn for the equation NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → H2O(l) + NaCl(aq) is -56.75 kJ/mol.

Learn more about delta hxrn or change in enthalpy of a reaction : https://brainly.com/question/24180470

#SPJ11

The number of protons in an atom always determines its identity.

Each atom has a unique number of protons in its nucleus, which is also known as the atomic number. This number is what distinguishes one element from another.

For example, all carbon atoms have six protons, while all oxygen atoms have eight protons. The number of protons also determines the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus, which plays a role in chemical reactions.

While the number of neutrons and electrons can vary within an element, the number of protons remains constant and determines the identity of the atom.

This is why the periodic table is arranged by atomic number, as it groups together elements with the same number of protons and therefore similar chemical properties. Overall, the number of protons in an atom is the key characteristic that determines its identity.

Learn more about periodic table here.

https://brainly.com/questions/28747247

#SPJ11

Answer:

The first law of thermodynamics doesn't actually specify that matter can neither be created nor destroyed So yes we can create matter because matter is every where buildings ,structures etc. So the answer is yes!

Explanation:

                         Hope this helped!ヾ(•ω•`)o❤

Answer:

TRUE

Explanation:

It is true because along with energy, nuclear fusion releases other particles as well. This can include neutrons or atomic nuclei. An example of this is when hydrogen isotopes (D + T) fuse together to create helium it also releases a neutron. Thus D+T --> He + n + energy.

Therefore the answer is TRUE.

Answer:

The Bohr model of the atom explains the reactivity of all atoms.

Answer:

If m or n is zero, the reaction is zero order in A or B, respectively, and the rate of the reaction is not affected by the concentration of that reactant. The overall reaction order is the sum of the orders with respect to each reactant. If m = 1 and n = 1, the overall order of the reaction is second order

(m + n = 1 + 1 = 2).

Explanation:

Carbon buildup can be removed from the metal portion of a pressing comb by immersing it in a solution containing an acid.

When a pressing comb is used for styling hair, it can accumulate carbon buildup over time. This buildup can affect the comb's performance and hinder smooth gliding through the hair.

To remove the carbon buildup, the metal portion of the comb can be immersed in a solution containing an acid. The acid helps to dissolve and break down the carbon deposits, making it easier to clean the comb.

Acids such as vinegar, lemon juice, or citric acid are commonly used for this purpose. These acids have properties that help in dissolving carbon and other residues. The comb should be soaked in the acid solution for a specific period of time, allowing the acid to work on the carbon buildup.

After soaking, the comb can be scrubbed gently with a brush or cloth to remove any remaining residue. Finally, rinsing the comb thoroughly with water and drying it properly completes the process.

Hence, immersing the metal portion of a pressing comb in a solution containing an acid is an effective method to remove carbon buildup and restore the comb's functionality.

Learn more about Carbon here:

https://brainly.com/question/3049557

#SPJ11

Answer:

\(\displaystyle K_a = \frac{[\text{H$_3$O}^+][\text{F}^-]}{[\text{HF}]}\)

Explanation:

Write the reaction of HF (a weak acid) with water:
\(\displaystyle \text{HF}_\text{(aq)} + \text{H$_2$O}_\text{($\ell$)} \rightleftharpoons \text{H$_3$O}^+_\text{(aq)} + \text{F}^-_\text{(aq)}\)

Recall that the equilibrium constant expression for an equilibrium reaction is the product of the concentration of the products over the product of the concentration of the reactants raised to their respective coefficients.

The equilibrium constant expression for this equation will hence be:

\(\displaystyle K_a = \frac{[\text{H$_3$O}^+][\text{F}^-]}{[\text{HF}]}\)

Note that pure solids and liquids are not included in the equilibrium expression.

In conclusion:

\(\displaystyle K_a = \frac{[\text{H$_3$O}^+][\text{F}^-]}{[\text{HF}]}\)

The amount of metal plated in an electrolytic cell is directly proportional to the amount of metal plated in a voltaic cell. Therefore, if 3.70 g of metal is plated in the voltaic cell, the same amount of metal will be plated in the electrolytic cell.

In an electrolytic cell, the deposition of metal on an electrode occurs through the supply of electrical energy. The amount of metal plated in an electrolytic cell is determined by Faraday's law of electrolysis, which states that the amount of substance deposited is proportional to the quantity of electricity passed through the cell.

Given that 3.70 g of metal is plated in the voltaic cell, we can infer that the same amount of metal will be plated in the electrolytic cell. This is because the electrochemical reactions in both types of cells involve the same metal species and the same quantity of electricity passing through the cell.

Therefore, if 3.70 g of metal is plated in the voltaic cell, the same amount of metal, 3.70 g, will be plated in the electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell allows for the controlled deposition of metal through the application of electrical energy.

To learn more about faradays's law click here brainly.com/question/1640558

#SPJ11

Changing the nature of the halide, the nature of the solvent, the relative concentrations of the reactants, altering the temperature, and the nature of the nucleophile will affect the reaction rate.

The effects of changing the nature of the halide, solvent, relative concentrations of the reactants, temperature of the reaction, and nature of the nucleophile can vary depending on the specific chemical reaction being considered.

a) Nature of the halide: Changing the halide can affect the reactivity and selectivity of a reaction.

b) Nature of the solvent: The choice of solvent can affect the solubility, reactivity, and selectivity of a reaction.

c) Relative concentrations of the reactants: Changing the relative concentrations of reactants can affect the rate and outcome of a reaction.

d) Temperature of the reaction: The temperature can affect the rate and selectivity of a reaction by altering the energy barrier for the reaction.

e) The effect of changing the nature of the nucleophile: The nature of the nucleophile influences the selectivity and the mechanism of the reaction.

Learn more about Nucleophilic substitution here:

brainly.com/question/14052597

#SPJ11

Answer:

option c

Explanation:

it makes covalent bond and shares one electron with one hydrogen and other one electron with other electro of hydrogen

Answer : The letter represents the activated complex is, B.

Explanation :

Activated complex : When the reactant molecules absorb energy, their bonds are loosened and new loose bonds are formed between them.

The intermediate thus formed is known as an activated complex or it is also known as transition state complex.

It is unstable and immediately dissociates to form the stable products. In the graph, it is present at the higher point.

In the given graph, F represent the reactant energy, B represent the activated complex, G represent the product, Y represent the reactant, C energy of the reaction.

Hence, the activated complex is located at point B.

Answer:

b

Explanation:

The metal that has the highest melting point is Mo while the metal that has the lowest melting point if Fr.

Metals are those elements found towards the left hand side of the periodic table. They are able to loose electrons easily and they have a high , melting and boiling point.

The metal that has the highest melting point is Mo while the metal that has the lowest melting point if Fr. This is clear from the chart of melting points in the image attached to the question.

Learn more about melting point: https://brainly.com/question/25777663

The question is incomplete, the complete question is attached in the image below:

Answer: The correct option is D) Beaker B because of the increased surface area.

Explanation:

A solution consists of solute and solvent.

A solute is defined as a component that is present in a smaller proportion while a solvent is defined as a component that is present in a larger proportion.

Solubility is defined as the amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent to form a solution.

Solubility of a substance depends on a few factors:

For the given images,

Beaker A has a large block of iron rod and Beaker B has iron shards.

The smaller molecular size of a substance increases its surface area and thus, increases the solubility.

Hence, the correct option is D) Beaker B because of the increased surface area.

Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, but it changes from one form to another. Hence, option C is correct.

Energy is the ability to do work.

In physics and chemistry, the law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant; it is said to be conserved over time.

This law means that energy can neither be created nor destroyed; rather, it can only be transformed or transferred from one form to another.

Hence, option C is correct.

Learn more about energy here:

https://brainly.com/question/1932868

#SPJ1

Xe gas atoms do experience attraction to each other, that is called a London dispersion forces. Compared to Kr gas atoms, Xe has stronger London dispersion forces, thus Xe is more difficult to boil.

London dispersion force is an intermolecular force, the weakest force that is only temporarily active when the electrons in two adjacent atoms occupy positions that make the atoms form temporary dipoles. London dispersion forces strength is very dependent on the molecular weight. Xe has heavier molecules than Kr, so Xe also has stronger London dispersion forces. As a result, Xe is more difficult to boil than Kr.

Learn more about London forces here https://brainly.com/question/29327087

#SPJ4

The exact number of acetylcholine (ACh) molecules required to completely activate the cholinergic nicotinic receptor depends on several factors, including the receptor density, affinity of the receptor for ACh, and the efficiency of the receptor activation process.

 Cholinergic nicotinic receptors are ligand-gated ion channels found in the nervous system that respond to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh). The activation of these receptors occurs when ACh molecules bind to specific binding sites on the receptor.

  The exact number of ACh molecules required for full receptor activation can vary and is influenced by multiple factors. One crucial factor is the receptor density, which refers to the number of receptors present on the cell surface. Higher receptor density would require more ACh molecules to engage and activate a larger number of receptors.

  Additionally, the affinity of the receptor for ACh plays a role. Affinity refers to the strength of the binding interaction between ACh and the receptor. Receptors with higher affinity for ACh will require fewer ACh molecules to achieve activation compared to receptors with lower affinity.

  Furthermore, the process of receptor activation can be cooperative, meaning that the binding of one ACh molecule can facilitate the binding of additional ACh molecules to nearby receptor sites. Cooperative binding can increase the overall efficiency of receptor activation and reduce the number of ACh molecules required for full activation.

Learn more about acetylcholine here: brainly.com/question/19581612

#SPJ11

The given compound, CH₃COOCH₂CH(CH₃)₂, has a total of three sets of equivalent protons.

In the given compound, CH₃COOCH₂CH(CH₃)₂, let's determine the number of sets of equivalent protons.

To identify equivalent protons, we need to look at the bonding environment and any symmetry within the compound.

In this compound, we have three types of carbon atoms:
1. Carbon in the carboxyl group (COOH): This carbon is bonded to three oxygen atoms and one hydrogen atom. The hydrogen atom is not equivalent to any other hydrogen atom in the compound, so we have one set of non-equivalent protons for this carbon.

2. Carbon in the ester group (COOCH₂): This carbon is bonded to two oxygen atoms and two hydrogen atoms. The two hydrogen atoms are equivalent because they have the same bonding environment. Thus, we have one set of equivalent protons for this carbon.

3. Carbon in the alkyl group (CH₃): This carbon is bonded to three hydrogen atoms. All three hydrogen atoms are equivalent because they have the same bonding environment. Therefore, we have one set of equivalent protons for this carbon.

Lastly, we have one additional carbon in the alkyl group (CH(CH₃)₂). This carbon is bonded to three hydrogen atoms and one additional carbon atom from the alkyl group. All four hydrogen atoms are equivalent because they have the same bonding environment. Hence, we have one set of equivalent protons for this carbon.

In summary, the given compound, CH₃COOCH₂CH(CH₃)₂, has a total of three sets of equivalent protons.

To know more about protons visit-

https://brainly.com/question/12535409

#SPJ11

Answer:

Answer:

Balance the following equations. Enter 1 as a coefficient for reactants and products which have no coefficient.

(NH4)2Cr2O7(s) _> Cr2O3(s)+N2(g)+H2O(g)

Explanation:

The balanced chemical equation along with coefficients is  1 (NH₄)₂Cr₂O₇(s) \(\rightarrow\) 1 Cr₂O₃(s)+ 1 N₂(g)+ 4 H₂O(g).

Chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction which is written in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.The reactants are present on the left hand side while the products are present on the right hand side.

A plus sign is present between reactants and products if they are more than one in any case and an arrow is present pointing towards the product side which indicates the direction of the reaction .There are coefficients present next to the chemical symbols and formulas .

The first chemical equation was put forth by Jean Beguin in 1615.By making use of chemical equations the direction of reaction ,state of reactants and products can be stated. In the chemical equations even the temperature to be maintained and catalyst can be mentioned.

Learn more about chemical equation,here:

https://brainly.com/question/28294176

#SPJ2

This translates to the fluctuating temperature using interval scale in Fahrenheit and Celsius.

Periodic Scale

It is described as a quantitative measuring scale where a noticeable difference may be found between the two variables. In other words, the measurements are precise rather than relative, where the occurrence of zero is arbitrary.

The definition of interval data, often known as an integer, is a data type that is measured along a scale with each point being situated at an equal distance from the other. Interval data always takes the form of integers or numerical values with a standard and equal distance between the two sites.

To know more about interval scale visit:

https://brainly.com/question/28197430

#SPJ1