which of these neural injuries will the corneal reflex not test for?
Answers
The corneal reflex is an involuntary reflex of the eye that tests the sensory innervation of the cornea through the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve.
This reflex is a simple but crucial diagnostic tool for detecting lesions in the brainstem and assessing brain function. However, the corneal reflex is not always reliable in detecting neural injuries. Specifically, the corneal reflex will not test for damage to the optic nerve and retina.The optic nerve carries visual information from the retina to the brain. When this nerve is damaged, a person may experience vision loss or blindness.
The corneal reflex, on the other hand, tests the sensory nerves that innervate the cornea, which is the clear front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. Therefore, damage to the optic nerve and retina will not affect the corneal reflex. However, damage to the trigeminal nerve, which is responsible for the sensory innervation of the cornea, can affect the corneal reflex.
Lesions in the brainstem can also affect the reflex because it involves the integration of sensory and motor signals from the eye and the brainstem.
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Related Questions
Que enfermedades pueden ocasionar algunos virus además del coranavirus
Answers
Answer:
La gripe es una enfermedad común causada por un virus.
HELP ASAP. Which statements explain how scientists can use the similarities between current species and extinct organisms?
(Select all that apply.)
Scientists can research which animals survived certain conditions and then modify existing animals.
O Scientists can build lineage maps and determine which species come from extinct species.
O Scientists can build lineage maps that show which animals ate which plants.
Scientists can research why the extinct species died out and also learn about the conditions on Earth at the time.
Answers
Answer:i believe the answer is B
The diagram below shows a phospholipid molecule.
Which of the following best describes how this molecule is produced by eukaryotic cells?
Question 12 options:
The nucleus sends out mRNA to the smooth ER (endoplasmic reticulum) so it can assemble the phospholipids using amino acids that are transported into the cell by the cell membrane. Vacuoles carry glucose to the smooth ER to supply the energy.
The enzymes needed to assemble it are from the Golgi. The smooth ER (endoplasmic reticulum) assembles the phospholipids using fatty acid tails that are transported into the cell through the cell membrane. Energy for the reaction comes from the mitochondria as ATP.
The enzymes needed to assemble it are from ribosomes. The rough ER (endoplasmic reticulum) assembles the phospholipids using energy from the mitochondria. The cell membrane transports new amino acids into the cell that are changed in the phospholipid.
The nucleus sends instructions out to the smooth ER (endoplasmic reticulum) to build the phospholipid. The cell membrane transports fatty acid tails into the cell to be used, and energy for the reaction comes from the mitochondria as ATP.
Answers
The nucleus sends instructions out to the smooth ER (endoplasmic reticulum) to build the phospholipid. The cell membrane transports fatty acid tails into the cell to be used, and energy for the reaction comes from the mitochondria as ATP.
How phospholipids are formed?Phospholipids are made from glycerides by replacing one of the three fatty acids by a phosphate group with other molecule that is attached to its end. There are many forms of phospholipids such as sphingomyelin, which is derived from sphingosine as compared to glycerol which is used in many other phospholipids. The nucleus sends instructions to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in order to formed the phospholipid. The cell membrane transports fatty acid into the cell. The energy that is used for the reaction comes from the mitochondria which is powerhouse of the cell as ATP molecule.
So we can conclude that option d is the right answer for the given question.
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Whats the color of a peach?
Answers
Answer: orange and pink and yellow
how do viroids harm the plants that are infected with them?
Answers
Viroids are small infectious agents that consist of a single-stranded RNA molecule lacking a protein coat. They infect plants and cause various harmful effects.
Viroids harm plants primarily through two mechanisms:
1. Disruption of gene expression: Viroids can interfere with the normal functioning of plant cells by targeting specific RNA molecules involved in gene expression. They can bind to and modify host RNA molecules, leading to the disruption of essential cellular processes. This interference can result in stunted growth, distorted leaves, and reduced crop yield.
2. Induction of host defense responses: Viroids can trigger plant defense responses, leading to the activation of defense mechanisms such as the production of reactive oxygen species, synthesis of antimicrobial compounds, and changes in gene expression. These defense responses can be harmful to the plant itself, causing cellular damage and contributing to the overall decline in plant health.
In summary, viroids harm plants by interfering with gene expression and inducing defense responses, ultimately leading to impaired growth, altered morphology, and reduced productivity.
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What atoms are organic molecules in cells made of ?
Answers
Answer:
All organic molecules are made up of carbon compounds so we can say that the main atom or molecule is carbon.
hope it helps!
determining homology can be difficult because of the acquisition of similar traits in distantly related groups of organisms, also known as
Answers
Determining homology can be difficult because of the acquisition of similar traits in distantly related groups of organisms is also known as convergent evolution.
What is convergent evolution?Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar traits in species from different periods or epochs. Convergent evolution creates similar structures that are similar in form and function but did not exist in the last common ancestor of these groups. Organisms have convergent phenotypes, and their similar structural forms are called analogous structures (such as bird wings and bat wings). Examples of convergent evolution include the relationship between bat wings and insect wings, shark and dolphin bodies, and vertebrates and cephalopod eyes. Similar structures arise by convergent evolution, but homologous structures do not. Convergent evolution at the gene level can result from any of the three processes: First, evolution by mutations that occurred independently in different populations or species. Second, the evolution of alleles that showed polymorphism in the common ancestral population. Third, the development of the introduced allele.
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Choose THREE examples that correctly predict the effect of a change on the ecosystem
B
A decrease in the desert tortoise population will cause a decrease in the rattlesnake population.
C
A decrease in the rattlesnake population will cause an increase in the kangaroo rat population.
D
An increase in the desert cottontail population will cause a decrease in the yucca population.
E
An increase in the red-tailed hawk population will cause an increase in the rattlesnake population.
Answers
Statement C. a decrease in the rattlesnake population will cause an increase in the kangaroo rat population correctly predicts the effect of a change on the ecosystem.
What is a food web in an ecosystem?A food web in an ecosystem is represented by the relationships between different organism present in a given ecosystem in order to shape the biomass and energy of such an area.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that a food web in an ecosystem is shaped by producer organisms and also consumers which are presented by different animals that form different interconnected levels.
Complete (correct) question:
Choose the example that correctly predicts the effect of a change on the ecosystem.
A. A decrease in the desert tortoise population will cause a decrease in the rattlesnake population.
B. A decrease in the rattlesnake population will cause an increase in the kangaroo rat population.
C. An increase in the desert cottontail population will cause a decrease in the yucca population.
D. An increase in the red-tailed hawk population will cause an increase in the rattlesnake population.
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Which is required for sexual reproduction?
mitosis
binary fission
diploid cell production
meiosis
Answers
Answer:
diploid cell production
Explanation:
in humans
Which term refers to the process by which organisms that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce?
Answers
Answer: I would say adaptation unless you have multiple choices
1a) Explain the importance of feedback inhibition in metabolic processes such as glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, citric acid cycle, Calvin cycle, etc. (Please use one process in your explanation to clarify your rationale.) 5 pts 1a.) 1b) What would occur in the cell if the enzyme that regulates the process you explained in 1a were to malfuction? In your explanation, be sure to mention the name of the enzyme and if there are any detrimental physiological effects, for example the development of a certain disorder or disease. 5 pts
Answers
Feedback inhibition is an essential process in the regulation of metabolic pathways. It functions as a critical control mechanism in a cell's metabolism. Feedback inhibition is a form of enzyme regulation in which a molecule, typically the product of a reaction, regulates the rate of the reaction's
subsequent reactions to maintain homeostasis. This inhibition can either be competitive or non-competitive depending on the type of inhibitor produced.
It plays a vital role in regulating metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, citric acid cycle, and Calvin cycle.The Calvin cycle, which takes place in the chloroplasts of plant cells, is an excellent example of feedback inhibition's importance.
In the Calvin cycle, the enzyme rubisco (ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) catalyzes the first step of carbon fixation.
However, this enzyme also catalyzes a side reaction in which oxygen is fixed instead of carbon dioxide. This side reaction is known as photorespiration, which is a wasteful process that can reduce plant growth and productivity. Rubisco is regulated by a process known as feedback inhibition.
Feedback inhibition prevents rubisco from catalyzing photorespiration by inhibiting the enzyme when the levels of its product, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate, are high.
As a result, the enzyme is prevented from catalyzing photorespiration, and carbon fixation is maximized.In the event of a malfunction of the enzyme regulating the process, the cell would experience an accumulation of the product that triggers the inhibition of the enzyme, leading to a decrease in metabolic activity. Rubisco is regulated by a process known as feedback inhibition.
Inhibition is a fundamental aspect of regulating enzyme activity in metabolic pathways. The malfunction of rubisco can lead to reduced plant growth and productivity, making it difficult to produce enough food to sustain human populations.
This could also cause a negative impact on the ecosystem as well. So, the proper functioning of feedback inhibition is critical to maintain metabolic processes.
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Whats high tide zone
Answers
it is the first option, also only covered by water in the highest tides
Answer:
Only covered by water during the highest tides. Out of water for long stretches in between high tides.
Explanation:
I took the test.
what are the main differences between the in vitro techniques to assess the inflammatory response and the immune response to a biomaterial?
Answers
The lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) is used to compare the migration of lymphocytes and neutrophils/monocytes in an immune and inflammatory response.
The lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) is an in vitro assay that determines if a medication has caused hypersensitivity responses by looking for the activation and growth of memory T cells that are unique to that drug.
The primary categories of white blood cells are tracked by this test's results. A complete blood count (CBC), a bigger whole blood test, includes a lymphocyte count as one of its component parts. When an illness or infection is suspected, doctors may ask for a complete blood count (CBC).
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A student performs an investigation
to determine if keeping plants in a
greenhouse will reduce the amount
of water lost to evaporation. The
student hypothesizes that if a plant
is in a closed, humid environment,
then less water will be lost to
evaporation. The student places the
plants in beakers of water and then
sets some beakers inside and some
beakers outside of a greenhouse,
She then measures the amount of
water lost from each beaker, Which
table should the student use to
collect the data needed to test her
hypothesis?
Answers
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Measure the volume of the water of the plants in and outside. Then note how many days have passed
Table C should be used to collect the data needed to test her hypothesis. Every time the temperature rises, so does the rate of evaporation.
What is evaporation?Water moves from either a liquid form to something like a gaseous state through evaporation. Water boils at a temperature of 100 degrees Celsius, yet it evaporates relatively slowly at 0 degrees. Every time the temperature rises, so does the rate of evaporation.
Depending on the temperature and the quantity of water that has to evaporate, water evaporates at different speeds. Take a desert, for instance, and consider how little evaporation occurs there despite it being quite hot. Table C should be used to collect the data needed to test her hypothesis. When a liquid changes from a liquid to a gas, evaporation occurs. The reaction starts when the liquid's molecules receive energy in the shape of heat.
Therefore, the correct option is option C.
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describe 4 ways a temperature increase of only 1c (global warming) would impact humans and / or ecosystems
Answers
Answer:
1. Food cycle- With Global Warming on the rise the food cycle is being thrown off due to some animals dying off because they aren't getting used to the extreme sudden heat this can also affect humans especially if we seafood. Global warming affects the ocean too killing off a lot of sea creatures that we eat sometimes like Shrimp for example. Study shows that Global Warming is heating up the ocean cooking the live shrimp in the ocean.
2. Timing of seasonal changes- Study shows that places that don't get hit by snowy weather in the Wintertime are getting pounded by winter storms. A perfect example of this is East Coast getting hit by wintery weather while West Coast sees some high temperatures with no moisture this is caused by global warming.
3. Extinction Risks- Another study shows that some animals such as elephants, Siberian Tigers, red Pandas are all on the Endangered species list due to the sudden change in the weather because of Global Warming which brings the extinction-level to an almost high rate. People all around the world are trying all they can to prevent animal species to go extinct and as I mentioned before if a species goes extinct it'll throw off the food cycle.
4. Range shifts- Since the temperatures are changing dramatically because of global warming it is causing a lot of species to migrate to a new area this is their way of surviving instead of dying off this can also disrupt the food cycle because if a certain species a predator perhaps moves to a different area the prey species will increase and those predators that migrated to a new area is causing a lot of habitat changes to another species its like natural selection and can cause a pretty bad change
So that is why people are up and arms about global warming and why they want to hurry up and come up with a plan to stop global warming or figure out a way to cool down the Earth because it'll not only end in species' extinction but it can lead to Human extinction.
Hope this helped :)
Imagine that a student wants to breed a species of rose that has a wonderful smell. The student has many different types of roses, but none of the individual roses has the wonderful smell that the student wants. What is the best way to go about breeding a pure species rose with the trait that the student wants?
Answers
Answer:
The best way to go about breeding a pure species of rose with the trait that you want is to breed the roses with another species of flower that smells good.
Explanation:
What do you mean by Traits?
Traits may be defined as the appearance or the manifestation of the desired characters.
This process of selecting the traits of your own choice is known as artificial selection. Through this technique, any individual can make the cross of their own desired characters.
Therefore, the best way to go about breeding a pure species of rose with the trait that you want is to breed the roses with another species of flower that smells good.
1. Why is human sewage less harmful than chemical sewage?
Answers
Human sewage can contain bacteria, viruses, and parasites that can potentially be harmful to human health. However, these pathogens can be eliminated through various forms of treatment, such as filtration and chlorination. In contrast, chemical sewage refers to wastewater that contains pollutants such as heavy metals, solvents, and pesticides, which can be toxic to human health and the environment. Unlike pathogens, these pollutants cannot be destroyed through standard sewage treatment processes, and they can persist in the environment for many years. Therefore, chemical sewage is generally considered more harmful than human sewage.
Human sewage has organic waste that can decompose in soil and also contains bacteria which further help plants and organisms living in the area. On the other hand chemical sewage can be very harmful due to certain properties of chemical byproducts. Gimme brainliest pls
louis pasteur used a swan-necked flask to demonstrate that choose one: a. microorganisms cause disease. b. microorganisms can arise from cellular fission. c. microbial fermentation can be used to make beer and wine. d. microorganisms can arise from nonliving matter. e. dust in the air is a source of living microbes.
Answers
The correct option is (E) . louis pasteur used a swan-necked flask to demonstrate that dust in the air is a source of living microbes.
Louis Pasteur was a French scientist, biologist, and microbiologist who lived from 1822 to 1895. In the 1860s, Pasteur made the renowned connection between sickness and germs and made the first scientific discovery of germs. Pasteur's germ hypothesis has played a significant role in how we comprehend disease. It was somewhat possible to stop these microorganisms (germs) from causing disease once it was known that they existed, carried, and transmitted disease. Finally, Pasteur had determined how and why infectious diseases spread. In a now-famous experiment, Pasteur employed a glass flask with an S-shaped neck. The "swan neck flask" was the name given to this S-shaped flask. The flask's design had a key role in Pasteur's discovery. He partially filled the flask's body with a broth-like "infusion" that was packed with nutrients. He next pasteurised the infusion by boiling it, which destroyed any germs that were already present in the liquid. The infusion was allowed to rest by Pasteur. He noticed that the physical characteristics, in particular the colour of the broth, did not alter over time. This, he said, was the result of airborne germ particles becoming caught in the s-shaped bend as they tried to enter the flask. Consequently, they hadn't tainted the fluids.
Pasteur next placed the particles within the flask's body and watched as the microbes proliferated and spoiled the infusion after emerging from the particles.
This disproved spontaneous generation, a once-dominant view of disease that said the air itself was to blame for the disease and showed that specific germ particles in the air were what caused the broth to spoil.
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What are the ecological levels from smallest to largest
Answers
Answer:
I think that it would be; Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biomes, Biosphere.
Explanation:
Hope this helps!
the heart and the lungs are surrounded and protected by the cavity.
Answers
Answer:
The thoracic cavity
Explanation:
explain how the last food chain represents a full circle of life
Answers
Answer:
the last food chain is the last predator of the enature food chain which ends that particular food chain and inturn the circle of life
The last food chain represents a full circle of life by:-
Detritivores and decomposers are the final part of food chains. Detritivores are organisms that eat dead plant and animal remains. Energy is passed from plant to animal to animal to decomposer and back to plant.What is food chain?The food chain describes who eats whom in the wild. Every living thing needs food to survive.Each food chain is a possible pathway that energy and nutrients can follow through the ecosystem.To know more about food chain here
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Living organisms rely on four major biomolecules:carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.Carbohydrates are sugars and starches. Lipids are fatty acids. Proteins are long chains of amino acids. Nucleic acids are found in geneticmaterial. Two examples of biomolecules are shown here.Which elements from sugar molecules, such as glucose,are used to make amino acids?A. Carbon,Hydrogen, and OxygenB. Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen,and NitrogenC. Carbon, Hydrogen,and NitrogenD.Carbon, Oxygen, and Nitrogen
Answers
The elements from sugar molecules that are used to make amino acids are: Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen. Nitrogen is also necesay for amino acids, but carbohydrates are not a source of this element.
The correct answer is option A.
yeasts can perform both aerobic respiration and fermentation. in fact, the homebrewer must be careful that oxygen is not introduced into the carboy once the yeast begin fermentation. what would be the products if o2 is allowed to enter the carboy?
Answers
Fermentation can only take place in an anaerobic environment because yeast is relatively anaerobic. When there is oxygen present, yeast engages in aerobic metabolism.
Can yeast ferment and breathe aerobically?Yeast fermentation: When oxygen is present, yeast engages in aerobic respiration, converting carbohydrates (a source of sugar) into carbon dioxide and water. In the absence of oxygen, yeast ferments carbohydrates and produces carbon dioxide.
Through the process of electron transfer and oxygen, yeast mitochondria regenerate NAD+. Alcohol and CO2 are created during the fermentation process, which essentially only takes place in the absence of oxygen (resulting in carbonation). The roommate left the bucket open to the air, which provided the yeast with an ongoing supply of oxygen.
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3. Annotate the following diagram to show the purpose of different parts
of the leaf.
Upper
Epidermis
Mesophyl
Lower
Epidermis
Sioma
p
Guard Cell with Chioroplasts
a
Wary Cuticle
Palisade
Mesophy
Spongy
Mesophy
-Wary Cuticle
Answers
The upper and lower epidermis are protective layers that help to prevent water loss from the leaf. The waxy cuticle is a waterproof layer that covers the leaf and helps to prevent water loss as well.
The palisade mesophyll is a layer of closely packed cells containing many chloroplasts, which is where photosynthesis primarily occurs. The spongy mesophyll is a layer of loosely packed cells that provides additional surface area for gas exchange.
The stomata are small openings on the surface of the leaf that allow for gas exchange, and the guard cells are specialized cells that control the opening and closing of the stomata. The stroma is the fluid-filled space within the chloroplasts, where the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis takes place.
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En qué caso los microorganismos pueden ser beneficios y en qué casos perjudicales para la salud de los seres humanos dos beneficios y dos perjudiciales
Answers
Answer:
Ver explicacion
Explanation:
Los microorganismos son beneficiosos y perjudiciales para los seres humanos.
Los microorganismos son útiles en la producción de alimentos. Se utilizan en la elaboración de productos alimenticios como queso, pan, vino, etc.
En segundo lugar, los microorganismos están involucrados en la producción de vitamina K en el cuerpo.
por otro lado, los microorganismos provocan enfermedades que conducen a la morbilidad y mortalidad de los seres humanos.
Además, los microorganismos provocan el deterioro de los alimentos.
estrogens are small hydrophobic lipid hormones that promote cell division and the development of reproductive structures in mammals. estrogens passively diffuse across the plasma membrane and bind to their receptor proteins in the cytoplasm of target cells. (a) describe one characteristic of the plasma membrane that allows estrogens to passively cross the membrane. (b) in a laboratory experiment, a researcher generates antibodies that bind to purified estrogen receptors extracted from cells. the researcher uses the antibodies in an attempt to treat estrogen-dependent cancers but finds that the treatment is ineffective. explain the ineffectiveness of the antibodies for treating estrogen-dependent cancers.
Answers
Estrogen exists nonpolar and can pass through the plasma membrane. Large proteins comprehended as antibodies exist incapable to enter cells. Intracellular estrogen receptors exist not bindable by extracellular antibodies.
What is meant by plasma membrane?The cell membrane has the quality of being permeable; some substances can pass through it naturally while others cannot. While ions and fat molecules like proteins and carbohydrates are blocked channel, small and nonpolar molecules can readily get through the membrane. Because estrogens are soluble in fat, they can pierce cell membranes by confusing the steroid hormone receptor.
Because estrogens are very hydrophobic, they can passively diffuse through cellular membranes and can also be concentrated in cellular membranes.
(a) Because it is nonpolar, estrogen can cross the plasma membrane.
(b) Large proteins known as antibodies are unable to enter cells. Intracellular estrogen receptors are not bindable by extracellular antibodies.
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What is a negative feedback?
Answers
The members of the phylum Porifera are commonly called?
Answers
Answer:
Sponges
Explanation:
Members of phylum Porifera are commonly known as sponges. They are generally marine and mostly asymmetrical animals. Spongilla is a fresh water sponge.
A researcher is trying to estimate how many trout there are in a 1,000-acre lake. She counted the trout in three 50-acre areas and recorded 88, 80, and 57 trout. What is the approximate size of the trout population?
Answers
approximately 550 trout population present in the lake.
what is population ?A discrete accumulation identifiable characteristics such as people, animals with the objective of analysis and data collection is called a population.
A population consists of a same group of species who reside in a particular geographical place with their reproductive capacity to interbreed.
when individuals in local populations spread between other local populations called as metapopulation.
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Answer: The correct answer is 1,500
Explanation:
The available answers to this question are:
225
1500
3750
4500
Average the recorded trout:
Avg = (88 + 80 + 57) / 3 = 75
Sample size = 50 acres
Lake size = 1,000 acres
Number of samples = 1000 / 50 = 20
Use the average for population:
75 * 20 = 1,500
Some bacterial infections such as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are a serious health concern for humans because these infections cannot be controlled or killed by antibiotics. How can these antibiotic resistant infections be prevented?
A) using antibiotics to treat only viral infections
B) giving preventative antibiotics to hospital patients
C) avoiding the unnecessary prescription of antibiotics
D) discontinuing prescribed antibiotics once you start feeling better
Answers
Answer:
giving preventative antibiotics to hospital patients