C. Petrosaurs were the earliest flying vertebrates and first appeared during the Triassic period, around 220 million years ago.
These winged reptiles had elongated fourth fingers that supported a membrane that enabled them to fly. Pterosaurs existed for more than 150 million years, until they went extinct along with the dinosaurs at the end of the Cretaceous period. Birds, on the other hand, evolved from small feathered dinosaurs during the Jurassic period and did not appear until around 150 million years ago, making them much younger than pterosaurs. Aerogekkos and phytosaurs are not related to flying vertebrates.
C. Pterosaurs were the earliest flying vertebrates, first appearing during the Triassic period. These fascinating reptiles dominated the skies long before birds emerged. With various sizes and shapes, pterosaurs were well-adapted for flight, possessing membranous wings supported by elongated finger bones. Their lightweight bodies and hollow bones further enabled them to soar efficiently.
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4. Compare and Contrast Which kind of plant–a sun plant or a shade plant-has a
higher rate of photosynthesis when light intensity is below 200 umol photons/mº/s?
When light intensity is above 400 umol photons/mº/s?
Answer:
Below 200 umol photons/mº/s, shade plant grow best.
Above 400 umol photons/mº/s, sun plant grow best.
Explanation:
A shade plant has a higher rate of photosynthesis when light intensity is present below 200 umol photons/mº/s because shade plants needs low light intensity for higher photosynthesis while on the other hand, a sun plant has a higher rate of photosynthesis when light intensity is above 400 umol photons/mº/s because it requires high intensity of light for photosynthesis if other factors are also present in large amount such as water and nutrients in the soil.
During respiration lungs expel carbon dioxide, leading to the formation of more carbonic acid (H2CO3), which then dissociates to replenish the loss of carbon dioxide. This phenomenon is an example of
a. Acid-Base catalysis b. Henderson Hasselbalch Relationship c. Le Chatelier's Principle d. Buffering capacity
The correct answer is c. Le Chatelier's Principle, The phenomenon described in the question is an example of Le Chatelier's Principle.
This principle states that when a system at equilibrium is disturbed, it will respond in a way that counteracts the disturbance and restores equilibrium.
In this case, the equilibrium between carbonic acid (H2CO3) and carbon dioxide (CO2) is disturbed when the lungsexpelcarbonn dioxided. To counteract this disturbance, more carbonic acid dissociates to replenish the loss of carbon dioxide and restore equilibrium. Therefore, the correct answer is c. Le Chatelier's Principle.
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Which best explains the changes in the seasons?
Seasons change as a result of high temperatures caused by Earth’s tilt and revolution around the sun.
Seasons change as light from the sun hits Earth’s atmosphere and as Earth rotates around the sun.
Seasons change as a result of the temperature decreasing because of Earth’s revolution around the sun. ,
Seasons change due to the amount of sunlight hitting Earth and Earth’s tilt as it revolves around the sun
PLS HELP 100 BRAINLY POINTS
Eukaryotes have three nuclear RNA polymerases. The primary function of RNA polymerase II is transcription of _____.
Answer: the answer is protein-coding genes
(if this is right mark brainliest :))
Eukaryotes have three nuclear RNA polymerases. The primary function of RNA polymerase II is transcription of protein coding genes
what are the function of RNA polymerase ?there are Three different types of RNA polymerases (RNAPs), which transcribe eukaryotic genes, such as RRNA genes are transcribed by RNA polymerase I.
mRNA, miRNA, snRNA, and snoRNA genes are mainly transcribed by RNA polymerase II, while tRNA and 5S rRNA genes are transcribed by RNA polymerase III.
short RNAs as well as the protein coding genes are both transcribed by RNA polymerase II.
A Separate type of RNA polymerases are present in chloroplasts and mitochondria, where they specifically transcribe the DNAs of those organelles.
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Write mechanism of absorption
Answer: The mechanism for absorption is that a photon transfers all its energy to an electron in the absorbing material. The photon is "lost" from the light beam as it is absorbed in a single event. The electron is excited by the gain in energy to a higher energy state in the electron configuration around the atom. (hope it helps)
Answer: I don't know
Explanation: i am brainless
what is the gas required for germination? a.Nitrogen
b.Carbondioxide
c.Oxygen
d.Hydrogen
Answer:
c. Oxygen
Explanation:
Oxygen is required by the germinating seed for metabolism, the sum total of all the reactions taking place within the organism. It is used in aerobic respiration, with the presence of oxygen, providing the necessary energy to the sapling.
All living things must have a method of replication
True or false!?
Answer: True
Explanation:
Which of these is an example of an undesirable effect of friction?
a. copying notes on the board
b. energy loss in machines
c. keeping our balance
d. walking down the street
will mark brainliest
Answer:
b. energy loss in machines
Explanation:
It is an undesirable effect because it causes loss in energy in a machine which most likely requires a lot of energy to function. Therefore, it is undesirable as the machine will not function properly.
In a Friday night baseball game, the pitcher throws balls an average of 94 miles per hour. which of the following data (shown in miles per hour) would show the most precision
A) 89,91,90,91
B) 95,97,93,91
C)92,98,96,90
D)90,92,94,95
Answer:
B)95,97,93,91 thats the correct answer
if inbreeding within the hybrid zone of the mountain pass decreased over time, what would you expect to happen to the western and eastern deer populations?
If inbreeding within the hybrid zone of the mountain pass decreased over time, we would expect to see a decrease in the genetic differences between the western and eastern deer populations.
A decrease in the genetic differences could result in a more homogenous group of deer, with the eastern and western populations becoming more similar to each other.
Inbreeding within a hybrid zone leads to a decrease in genetic diversity between the two populations, so as inbreeding decreases, genetic differences between the two populations will also decrease. This could result in the two populations merging into a single population.
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Assignment: Unit 08 CFU
Question 11 of 20
What DNA sequence is complementary to the following:
CCG ATC AAC GAT
(5 points)
CA. GGG TÁC TTG CTA
B. GGC UAG UUG CUA
c. GGC TAG TTG CTA
Question 12 of 20
The DNA sequence complementary to CCG ATC AAC GAT would be GGC TAG TTG CTA.
DNA Base-pairingAccording to the base-pairing rule of DNA, Adenine (A) always pairs with Thymine (T) while Guanine (G) always pairs with Cytosine (C)
Thus:
Original sequence: CCG ATC AAC GAT
Complementary sequence: GGC TAG TTG CTA
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William is developing the model shown below to illustrate the process of photosynthesis. He plans to use the model to explain how photosynthesis transforms both energy and matter.
To revise the model, William wants to use color to identify the reactants of photosynthesis. Which labels should he color? Select all that apply.
William can use Green shades for chloroplasts & Chlorophyll, Blue for water, Yellow for Light and Brown for Gases.
With the aid of carbon dioxide and water as reactants, photosynthesis is the process that transforms light energy into chemical energy stored in the form of sugars. Carbon is removed from the atmosphere via photosynthesis, transported to the geosphere, and then absorbed by plants. Four steps/processes can be used to objectively divide the total photosynthetic process:
The taking up of light. Chlorophylls connected to proteins in the thylakoids of chloroplasts absorb light as the first stage in photosynthesis. Transfer of electrons, production of ATP, and carbon fixation. A reaction that is endothermic is photosynthesis. This indicates that without energy, it cannot happen (from the Sun). Chlorophyll, a green pigment found in leaves, absorbs the needed light. The palisade and spongy mesophyll cells of plants include chloroplasts, which contain chlorophyll.Learn more about photosynthesis
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Which option is not a response to internal stimuil
The option that is not a response to an internal stimuli would be wearing sunglasses to protect eyes from UV rays.
In all the other options, the person who does a certain action also gets a feedback from his body which urges him to do that particular action.
Option D is correct.
What is internal stimuli?A stimulus is anything that can trigger a physical or behavioral change an example being the vital signs changing due to a change in the body.
Other examples of internal stimuli includes:
a. eating when hungry
b. breathing hard when exercising because of a drop in oxygen levels
c. drinking when thirsty
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Complete question:
Which of these is not a response to internal stimuli?
a. eating when hungry
b. breathing hard when exercising because of a drop in oxygen levels
c. drinking when thirsty
d. wearing sunglasses to protect eyes from UV rays
Which ONE of the following statements on Glucagon signaling is false?
Glucagon binding to its receptor eventually activates Protein Kinase A (PKA)
Glucagon binds to a GPCR on the plasma membrane
Glucagon is released from beta-cells in the pancreas
Glucagon binding to its receptor produces cAMP by activating adenylate cyclase
The statement c) "Glucagon is released from beta-cells in the pancreas" is false.
Glucagon is a hormone that is released from alpha-cells in the pancreas, not beta-cells. Glucagon binds to a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) on the plasma membrane, which activates adenylate cyclase, leading to the production of cyclic AMP (cAMP).
The increase in cAMP levels eventually activates Protein Kinase A (PKA), which phosphorylates target proteins to produce a variety of cellular responses.
Glucagon signaling plays an important role in regulating glucose homeostasis in the body by stimulating the liver to produce glucose and promoting the breakdown of glycogen to release glucose into the bloodstream.
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What does cell fractionation allow a scientist to study?
Answer:
Cell fractionation allows to study the different parts of a cell in isolation.When the organelles have been isolated, you can see which organelles make the most energy.
Answer:Cell fractionation is a procedure for rupturing cells, separation and suspension of cell constituents in isotonic medium in order to study their structure, chemical composition and function. Cell fractionation involves 3 steps: Extraction, Homogenization and Centrifugation.
Explanation:
What is the relationship between the mitochondria, the Krebs cycle...
What is the relationship between the mitochondria, the Krebs cycle and aerobic respiration?
Group of answer choices
a.The Krebs cycle is part of aerobic respiration and takes place in the mitochondria
b.The Krebs cycle and aerobic respiration are the same thing, which takes place at the mitochondria
c.Molecules produced by the Krebs cycle are transported to the mitochondria to enter aerobic respiration
d.The mitochondria produce molecules that the Krebs cycle needs for aerobic respiration
The correct answer is A. The Krebs cycle is part of aerobic respiration and takes place in the mitochondria. The mitochondria are the organelles responsible for producing ATP through aerobic respiration, which involves the Krebs cycle, electron transport chain, and oxidative phosphorylation.
What is Mitochondria?
Mitochondria are organelles found in eukaryotic cells that are responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration. They are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell. They contain their own DNA and are thought to have originated from ancient bacteria that were engulfed by early eukaryotic cells in a process called endosymbiosis.
The Krebs cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondria, where it produces electron carriers that are used in the electron transport chain. Together, these processes result in the production of ATP, the energy currency of the cell.
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Chlorophyll creates___
and recycle oxygen.
Answer:
sugary carbohydrates
Explanation:
Chlorophyll captures the sun's rays and creates sugary carbohydrates or energy during photosynthesis which allows the plant to grow.
4. The main elements in Earth's crust are oxygen and
(5 Points)
O A. iron
O B. copper
O C. silicon
O D. nickel
Answer: C: Silicon
Explanation: Makes up 27.7% of Earths crust. Iron takes up 8.1% so I would say the answer is silicon.
The pond plant from your cell respiration lab (Elodea) is placed in a test tube containing water and phenol red and is wrapped in aluminum foil to block all light. After two hours you would expect the color of the phenol red to be ___________.
The phenol red turns yellow as a result of the carbon dioxide (CO2) generating carbonic acid in the water (H2O).
The experiment can be carried out in a number of different ways, but commonly four tubes are prepared, each of which is filled with phenol red and initially turned yellow by adding carbon dioxide through a straw. The Elodea would be in two test tubes, and not in the other two. Both one of the non-elodea tubes and one of the elodea tubes would have foil coverings to exclude light.
The vials' CO2 content is estimated using the pH indicator phenol red. Aqueous solutions with higher CO2 concentrations also have higher amounts of H+ ions, which lowers the pH. This happens as a result of the synthesis of the intermediate molecule carbonic acid. Substances known as pH indicators change color when the pH level changes.
For example, phenolphthalein, which is pink in a base and clear in an acid, bromothymol blue, which is yellow in an acid, greenish near neutral, and blue in a base, and phenol red, which is yellow below pH 6.8, red near neutral, and pink above pH 7.4 are some of the often used indicators. When carbon dioxide is added to test tubes for an experiment utilizing Elodea sprigs as plants and phenol red as a pH indicator, the phenol red will change color first.
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how are transgenic animals different from knockout animals?
Hiiii!
The difference between transgenic and knockout animals is simple, but they are very similar.
Transgenic animals should have 1 UNKNOWN piece of DNA(active)
Knockout animals have inactive piece(s) of DNA, I'm pretty sure
Which of the following are viruses unable to infect?
Answer:
non living things
Hope this helps :) !!!
When you stop, the water should start swirling down in a tornado-shaped funnel.
What motion is similar to this step?
a.
a bathtub drain
c.
neither of these
b.
radiator fluid through a funnel
d.
both A and B
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
A
B
C
D
Answer:
I'm confident that the answer would be
D - both A and B
;)
Explanation:
big brain
Answer:
D
Explanation:
took the test
People who are lactose intolerant lack the lactase enzyme. They often experience digestive problems when they eat dairy products. Do the results of demetri’s experience support this scenario? Explain your response
Answer:
Yes, the results of demetri's experience support this scenario.
Explanation:
A milk allergy is an immune response which involves the production of antibodies specific to substances in milk, such as casein. Lactose intolerance does not involve the immune system but is the result of an inability to produce the enzyme lactase. People with milk allergies suffer from different symptoms than people who are lactose intolerant. The symptoms of a milk allergy include hives, wheezing, and vomiting, whereas the symptoms of lactose intolerance are gastrointestinal distress, including gas and diarrhea.
What does the writer use to help readers understand
the sequence of steps?
What should the writer add when verbally presenting
the procedure to a group?
cup
How to Make Slime
For a fun activity, try making slime. You will need a 3-
quart mixing bowl, a tablespoon, 1/2 cup of shampoo, 1/4
of cornstarch, and 6 tbsp water.
Combine 1/2 cup shampoo and 1/4 cup
cornstarch in mixing bowl.
Add 1 tbsp water and stir.
Mix in 5 tbsp of water, one tablespoon at a time,
stirring well after each addition.
Answer: the numbered list and a demonstration
Explanation:
yethirrrr got it right
Answer:
1) A numbered list
2) A demonstration
Explanation:
2 native animal species from Florida?
Answer: Florida Panther and American Alligator
Which statement correctly describes a property of enzymes? A Enzymes react at identical rates under all circumstances. B Enzymes are destroyed and then reformed after each reaction. C Enzymes form permanent structures when they bind to substrates. D Enzyme structures are specific to the type of substrate they bond to.
Answer:
It's either A or D
Explanation:
A statement which correctly describes a property of enzyme is: D. Enzyme structures are specific to the type of substrate they bond to.
An enzyme refers to a biological catalyst that is typically used to speed up (accelerate) the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy of its reactants.
Basically, the rate of a chemical reaction would be faster when its activation energy of is low. Thus, an enzyme speeds or catalyzes the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering its activation energy.
On a related note, if the conditions are not optimal for an enzyme, it limits the ability of an enzyme to bind or be joined with its substrates.
This ultimately implies that, enzyme structures are specific to the type of substrate they bond to and depending on the particular chemical reaction.
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What are the 3 structures that leave from the kidney?
Answer:
an outer cortex, a medulla in the middle, and the renal pelvis in the region called the hilum of the kidney.
Explanation:
Internally, the kidney has three regions—an outer cortex, a medulla in the middle, and the renal pelvis in the region called the hilum of the kidney. The hilum is the concave part of the bean-shape where blood vessels and nerves enter and exit the kidney; it is also the point of exit for the ureters.
Which of these zones is also known as the midnight zone?
A. Bathypelagic
B. Abyssopelagic
C. Hadalpelagic
D. Epipelagic
SUBMIT
Which of these is an example of a population in a desert ecosystem?
A. a saguaro cactus
B. the amount of rainfall
C. a fennec fox and its young
D. hawks and the lizards they feed on
Answer:A. a saguaro cactus
Explanation:
Its in the desert
Answer:
D
Explanation:
hawks and the lizards they feed on
Which of the following statements about hormones is incorrect?
they are produced by glands such as the thyroid
they travel to different areas of the body
they are carried by the blood
they are used to communicate between different individuals
they elicit specific biological responses from target cells
The incorrect statement about hormones is that they are used to communicate between different individuals.
hormones are chemical messengers produced by glands in the endocrine system. They are released into the bloodstream and travel to target cells or organs in the body. Hormones play a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes, including growth, metabolism, reproduction, and mood.
One of the statements about hormones is incorrect:
They are used to communicate between different individuals. This statement is incorrect. Hormones primarily function within an individual's body to regulate physiological processes. However, some hormones, known as pheromones, can be used to communicate between individuals of the same species.They are produced by glands such as the thyroid. This statement is correct. Glands like the thyroid gland produce hormones.They travel to different areas of the body. This statement is correct. Hormones are released into the bloodstream and can reach various target cells or organs.They are carried by the blood. This statement is correct. Hormones are transported through the bloodstream.They elicit specific biological responses from target cells. This statement is correct. Hormones bind to specific receptors on target cells, triggering specific responses.Learn more:About hormones here:
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The incorrect statement among the options provided is: "They are used to communicate between different individuals."
Hormones are chemical messengers produced by glands, such as the thyroid, and they play a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes in the body. They are responsible for maintaining homeostasis and coordinating the functions of different organs and tissues. Hormones travel through the bloodstream to reach their target cells or tissues, where they elicit specific biological responses.
While hormones facilitate communication within an individual's body, they are not typically involved in communication between different individuals. Instead, communication between individuals is primarily achieved through other means, such as verbal and nonverbal communication, including speech, gestures, facial expressions, and body language.
Hormones, on the other hand, function as internal messengers within an individual's body, coordinating processes like growth, metabolism, reproduction, and response to stress. They are carried by the blood and travel to their target cells, where they bind to specific receptors, initiating cellular responses and influencing the functioning of various organs and systems.
In summary, hormones are produced by glands, travel through the bloodstream, and elicit specific responses from target cells. However, they are not involved in direct communication between different individuals.
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