The enzyme class that is not found in the citric acid cycle is E. ligase. Ligases are enzymes that catalyze the joining of two molecules using the energy from ATP hydrolysis. While the citric acid cycle involves a series of enzymatic reactions that play a crucial role in cellular respiration, the specific step-by-step reactions in this cycle do not involve ligase enzymes.
The citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle or the tricarboxylic acid cycle, is a central metabolic pathway occurring within the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells. It is responsible for the oxidation of acetyl-CoA, derived from various fuel sources, to produce energy-rich molecules such as NADH and FADH2.
The reactions in the citric acid cycle are primarily catalyzed by enzymes belonging to other classes, such as oxidoreductases, isomerases, hydrolases, and lyases. Oxidoreductases facilitate oxidation-reduction reactions, isomerases catalyze the rearrangement of molecular structures, hydrolases participate in hydrolysis reactions, and lyases mediate the breaking or forming of chemical bonds without involving water.
However, ligases, which are involved in ATP-dependent bond formation, are not directly involved in the specific reactions of the citric acid cycle.
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What nervous system is responsible for pupil dilation.
Answer:
the sympathetic nervous system
Explanation:
specialized proteins that target specific markers on the surface of a pathogen to facilitate the process of eliminating a pathogen, is the edfinition of?
Antibodies are specialized proteins that eliminate a pathogen.
Antibodies target specific markers on the surface of a pathogen to facilitate the process of eliminating the pathogen. These specific markers are called antigens, and the interaction between antibodies and antigens plays a crucial role in the immune system's ability to recognize and neutralize harmful pathogens.
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3. Imagine that you are a drop of blood. What path would you follow through a
human's body as you travel from the left little toe, through the heart, and into the
right big toe?
1. Start in the
a. Heart...
b.
C.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
Answer:
a. Heart...
b. pulmonary artery
C. lungs
d. pulmonary vein
e. heart
f. aorta
g. arteries
h. big toe.
Explanation:
First I will go from the heart to the lungs through pulmonary artery in order to purification from carbondioxide and loaded oxygen. After that, I return to the heart through pulmonary vein and the heart pump this blood to the aorta which is a big blood vessel that branched into small arteries that reaches to every cell of the body and through these arteries I reach the big toe of the foot.
What atoms make up chromosome
chromosomes are made of dna that are tightly wrapped around proteins called histones
State the reason for the difference in the concentration of glucose between the fluid in the kidney tubule and the urine.
Answer:
The glomeruli filter from plasma approximately 180 grams of -glucose per day, all of which is reabsorbed through glucose transporter proteins that are present in cell membranes within the proximal tubules. If the capacity of these transporters is exceeded, glucose appears in the urine
Forms of Energy
Directions: Applain the differences among each set of terms on the lines provided. Use complete sentences.
1. energy, wave
2. speed; kinetic energy
3. kinetic energy; potential energy
4. chemical energy, nuclear energy
5. mechanical energy; thermal energy
6. radiant energy, sound energy, electric energy
Answer:
don't know this one sorry
Why should we care about water management interventions
Setting water management as a top priority can help you reduce water waste and maintain the efficiency of your water infrastructure. Your water bill will go down if you use water wisely, and there are various additional methods to save money on water-related expenses.
Why is prudent water resource management crucial?Water that is essential for both people and wildlife is stored and cleaned by them. Water from healthy freshwater ecosystems is used for drinking, farming, manufacturing, energy production, and transportation. Additionally, they aid in garbage disposal, erosion prevention, and flood protection through natural means.
What is the water management plan's purpose?The strategy acknowledges that water is essential for social and economic development, while also taking ecological preservation into account. The interdependence of the various sectors and the necessary steps are highlighted.
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1. What makes California special in terms of biodiversity?
Answer:
California is a biodiversity hot spot because of its unique geography, climate, geologic history and size. California’s network of terrestrial protected lands covers 46% of the state.
Explanation:
Write mechanism of absorption
Answer: The mechanism for absorption is that a photon transfers all its energy to an electron in the absorbing material. The photon is "lost" from the light beam as it is absorbed in a single event. The electron is excited by the gain in energy to a higher energy state in the electron configuration around the atom. (hope it helps)
Answer: I don't know
Explanation: i am brainless
points Save Amer Recall the experiment about drug resistance in m. tuberculosis. Explain why m. tuberculosis displayed resistance to rifampin. Did these micro organism adhered to Darwin's postulates about natural selection? Explain.
M. tuberculosis displayed resistance to rifampin due to genetic mutations that provided a survival advantage, adhering to Darwin's postulates of natural selection.
M. tuberculosis displayed resistance to rifampin due to genetic mutations that conferred a survival advantage in the presence of the drug. These mutations affected the target site of rifampin, such as the rpoB gene encoding the RNA polymerase beta subunit. By altering the binding site of rifampin, the bacteria were able to evade its inhibitory effects and continue to grow and reproduce. This resistance is an example of natural selection in action, as the presence of rifampin created a selective pressure that favored the survival and proliferation of the resistant strains.
Darwin's postulates about natural selection are as follows: (1) Individuals within a population show variation, (2) Some variations are heritable, (3) More offspring are produced than can survive, and (4) Individuals with favorable variations have a higher chance of survival and reproduction.
In the case of M. tuberculosis and rifampin resistance, these postulates are met. Within the population of bacteria, there is genetic variation due to spontaneous mutations. Some of these variations, specifically the ones conferring rifampin resistance, are heritable and can be passed on to future generations. The selective pressure exerted by rifampin creates a scenario where those bacteria with favorable variations (resistant strains) have a higher chance of survival and reproduction compared to non-resistant strains. This leads to the increased prevalence of rifampin-resistant M. tuberculosis strains over time.
Therefore, the resistance of M. tuberculosis to rifampin adheres to Darwin's postulates about natural selection.
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urine specimen?
A specimen collected from an ambulatory patient.
A specimen free from contamination from the genital area.
A specimen using a sterile collection cup.
A specimen collected from a catheter.
A clean-catch urine specimen refers to a method of collecting urine for testing that aims to minimize contamination from the genital area. The correct answer is: b) A specimen free from contamination from the genital area.
It involves following specific instructions to ensure a clean and uncontaminated sample. This method is commonly used when urine analysis is required to diagnose or monitor urinary tract infections or other urinary system disorders.
During a clean-catch urine collection, the individual is instructed to clean the genital area thoroughly, discard the initial stream of urine, and then collect a midstream sample into a sterile container. The purpose is to avoid any bacteria or contaminants from the external genitalia from contaminating the urine specimen.
The other options listed in the question are not accurate descriptions of a clean-catch urine specimen.
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Complete Question
Which of the following best describes a clean-catch urine specimen?
a) A specimen collected from an ambulatory patient.
b) A specimen free from contamination from the genital area.
c) A specimen using a sterile collection cup.
d) A specimen collected from a catheter.
The _________ has the most vigorous circulation because it is
caused by more intense heating from the sun.
A/. Ferrell cell
B/. subtropical jet stream
C/. polar jet stream
D/. westerlies
E/. Hadley cell
The Hadley cell has the most vigorous circulation because it is caused by more intense heating from the sun, option E is correct.
The Hadley cell is a tropical atmospheric circulation pattern that is responsible for the most vigorous circulation on Earth. It is caused by intense heating from the sun near the equator, which creates a region of low pressure. As the air rises near the equator, it moves poleward at high altitudes and then descends into the subtropics, creating a belt of high pressure.
The intense heating near the equator drives the Hadley cell and contributes to its vigorous circulation. This circulation pattern influences weather and climate in the tropics and beyond and plays a crucial role in the formation of tropical rainforests, deserts, and the trade winds, option E is correct.
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Which of the following is an example of pseudoscience?
A. Horoscopes
B. Biology
C. Radiometric dating
D. Electromagnetism
Answer:
Horoscopes
Explanation:
Pseudo is a prefix that means fake or false. So pseudoscience is science that is not proven to work. All the other answer options are proven areas of science except horoscopes, which are a (not proven) way of predicting the future.
Carbon can make up to ___ bonds
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
Answer:
Carbon can form up to 4 bonds, so the answer will be *D.*
How is dna like a ladder
Explanation:
The structure of DNA can be compared to a ladder. It has an alternating chemical phosphate and sugar backbone, making the 'sides' of the ladder. ... These bases make up the 'rungs' of the ladder, and are attached to the backbone where the deoxyribose (sugar) molecules are located.
How dose this author use parentheses to explain ph
The author use parentheses to explain pH through the power of Hydrogen.
What is the power of hydrogen?The power of hydrogen (pH) is a measure of the acidity or basicity (alkalinity) of a solution. It is defined as the negative logarithm (base 10) of the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in moles per liter (M) of the solution. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral.
Solutions with a pH below 7 are acidic, while those with a pH above 7 are basic (alkaline). A change in pH of 1 unit represents a tenfold change in the concentration of H+ ions. The pH of a solution is an important parameter in many biological, chemical, and environmental processes, as it affects the solubility, reactivity, and stability of substances.
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Lichen is often the first organism to appear in an area that has had all life stripped from it because of some disturbance. what is lichen in this regard?
Lichen is often the first organism to appear in an area that has had all life stripped from it because of some disturbance. In this regard, lichen is the pioneer species.
In the field of ecology, pioneer species can be described as the first species that colonize a particular land that did not have growth of other life forms before or the area was disrupted due to a disaster.
It is due to pioneer species that life begins to form in a disrupted area again. Lichens are often the first kind of pioneer species to grow on barren land because they have the capability to grow on rocks. The lichens then, with the passage of time, break down these rocks so that soil can be formed. Also, lichens themselves die and their decomposition makes the soil richer with nutrients. As a result, small plants start growing on the land, and in this way, other organisms start to invade that land.
Hence, lichens are often the pioneer species that are seen in secondary succession.
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A wave has a frequency (f) of 35 Hz and a wavelength (λ) of 20 meters (m). What is the speed (v) of the wave? Type the equation and your work to show how you got your answer.
Answer:
v=700 m/s
Explanation:
Given that,
The frequency of a wave is 35 Hz and its wavelength is 20 m
We need to find the speed of the wave. Let it is v. It is given in terms of frequency and wavelength as follows :
\(v=f\lambda\\\\v=35\times 20\\\\v=700\ m/s\)
So, the velocity of the wave is 700 m/s.
Does this explain something I learned about in biology that was covered in AP environmental science?
The current topic connects to some things I have learned in biology of my freshman year by covering the ecosystems of certain creatures in relation to their environments. It explains a lot about biomes because many ecosystems exist in one biome which also explains biodiversity and a biome's relation to it.
Which membrane-bound organelle is the site of protein and lipid synthesis?.
Answer:
The endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation:
Lipids are synthesized in the Smooth endoplasmic reticulum and proteins are synthesized in the Rough endoplasmic reticulum.
I believe this is the right answer. Did it help?
The evolution of photosynthesizing organisms on Earth and the development of an oxygen-rich
environment led to a rapid diversification of life. Explain why there is an evolutionary advantage
tO an organism that requires oxygen to live compared to one that does not require oxygen.
The evolutionary advantage of organisms that require oxygen in comparison to others is that they can create much more energy from sunlight than others.
Autotrophs are organisms that can make their food through the process of photosynthesis by using carbon dioxide and hydrogen in the presence of sunlight. The presence of enzymes and mitochondrial apparatus can utilize oxygen better in the metabolism of glucose which releases 36 molecules of ATP in a single cycle. This provides a higher amount of energy to these organisms.
Thus organisms that deploy oxygen in their cellular respiration cycle are provided with an added advantage that they can use in body growth and development. This is the reason behind the presence of a greater number of aerobic species in the world.
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PLease hurry
Marcie is trying a new cookie recipe. She wants to see if the amount of baking powder she uses will make the cookies rise more. She makes three batches of cookies and changes the amount of baking powder for each batch.
6. What is the independent variable? _______________________________________________
7. What is the dependent variable? _________________________________________________
8. What are 2 things that must remain constant for this experiment? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
9. Write a testable question for this experiment. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
10. Write a hypothesis for this experiment.
If…____________________________________________________________________
Then…__________________________________________________________________
Answer: .
Explanation:
the following alignment represents part of the sequence of a gene in two species, the mouse (mus musculus) and woolly monkey (lagothrix lagotricha). mouse mgdvekgkkifvmkcaqchtvekggkhktgpnlhglfgrktgqaagfsytdanknk woolly monkey mgdvekgkrifimkcsqchtvekggkhktgxnlhglfgrktgqasgytyteanknk what term is used for different forms of a gene such as these?
Different forms of a gene, such as the ones represented in the alignment between the mouse (Mus musculus) and woolly monkey (Lagothrix lagotricha), are known as alleles.
The alignment provided represents a portion of the gene sequence in two species, the mouse and the woolly monkey. The gene sequence in both species shares a common ancestral form but has diverged over evolutionary time, resulting in slight differences. These differences are termed alleles.
Alleles are alternative forms of a gene that occupy the same position, or locus, on a chromosome. They can arise due to various genetic changes, including single nucleotide substitutions (point mutations), insertions, deletions, or recombination events. In the given alignment, a few nucleotides have been substituted, resulting in different amino acids being coded for in the two species.
The presence of different alleles within a population or between species contributes to genetic diversity. Genetic diversity is important as it provides the raw material for natural selection and adaptation to changing environments. Additionally, alleles can influence traits and phenotypes, including disease susceptibility, response to drugs, or physical characteristics. Therefore, studying and understanding the different forms of genes, such as the alleles in the mouse and woolly monkey, is crucial for comprehending the genetic basis of variation and evolution.
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You find a new organism and are trying to determine what how it eats. You found it in a mud flat at the ocean and it has no teeth, but a very long alimentary canal. You see living examples moving through the mud very slowly. Based on all of this, you conclude that this animals is
Answer:
A Detritivore
Explanation:
A Detritivore is a heterotrophic organism that feeds on dead plant and animal materials. They could also feed through coprophagy which is nutrition obtained by feeding on feces. Worms that dwell on the soil, insects, and mollusks are examples of detritivores. Detritivores can also be found residing in aquatic environments. Crabs and Lobsters are examples of these organisms.
Detritivores have no teeth. So, they tend to suck in their food, and this food, through peristaltic actions, moves directly into the digestive tract where it is acted upon by digestive enzymes. From the observations, I made about the organism at the mudflat at the ocean, I can conclude that it is a detritivore.
What is an enzyme?
a cell that stores the information for building
proteins
a molecule that initiates processes in the
body
a protein that breaks down into nitrogen-
based amino acids
Answer:
The last choice.
Explanation:
An enzyme is a protein that breaks down into nitrogen- based amino acids.
Which microfossils are useful for paleotemperature determination
using the oxygen isotope ratios of their shells?
The microfossils that are useful for paleotemperature determination using the oxygen isotope ratios of their shells are foraminifera.
Foraminifera are tiny marine animals that have been living for millions of years. Their shells are made up of calcium carbonate and are well-preserved in sediments. The shells of these microorganisms are widely used in paleoceanography to determine past climatic conditions. Paleoceanography is the study of the history of the oceans in the geological past using sediments and fossils. It helps us to understand how the oceans and climate have changed over time.
Paleotemperature is the measure of the temperature that existed in past geological ages. The temperature is determined by various means, including studying the growth rings of trees, ice cores, and microfossils, and others. Microfossils are microscopic fossils that are found in rocks and sediments that help in reconstructing past environmental and climatic conditions.
Oxygen isotope ratio is the measure of the relative abundance of oxygen isotopes 18O and 16O in a sample. The ratio of the two isotopes changes as a result of temperature changes. The ratio is used to reconstruct past temperature changes.
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Why is it necessary to model the concept above?
Answer:
You did not write the concept, so i will try to answer in a general way.
Why sometimes we really need to model concepts?
Well, sometimes the things are really complicated, or we just do not have the knowledge or tools to fully understand them.
Here is where the models came to be handy, we can somewhat "simplify" the things, and explain them with models.
For example, the movement of a particle as the wind pushes it can be really complex, so this can only be explained with a model.
Now, once we have a model (supported by theory and experiments) we can start to investigating furthermore in the given subject.
So for example, we could model how a given therapy acts on a given disease, and with that model, we could extrapolate the effects of the therapy in a similar disease (for example, testing how radiotherapy acts on a given tumor in some organ, can give information on how the same therapy can act on other types of tumors)
Concluding, models simplify some concepts, which allow us to understand them and work better with them
Organelles are specialized structures that perform various functions in the cell. What are the
functions of the organelles in an animal cells?
Answer:
The function of organelles is to provide a specific function for the cell.
Explanation:
Eukaryotes have organelles not prokaryotes. All the cellular processes of prokaryotes occur in one cell. The advantage of having seperate spaces to do various functions is for regulation and maintance.
Trees that lose their leaves during winter are called
A. Deciduous
B. Fern
C. Herbacious
D. Woody
E. Evergreen
Answer:
a. deciduous
Explanation:
hope this helps :) have a great day.
Which has been a negative impact of technology?
OA. More waste
B. Less access to food
OC. Less farming
OD. More human labor
SUBM