which dna viral family have the ability to synthesize dna by copying rna using viral reverse transcriptase?

it might be cell membrane

Answer:

A dominant allele is a variation of a gene that will produce a certain phenotype, even in the presence of other alleles. A dominant allele typically encodes for a functioning protein. The allele is dominant because one copy of the allele produces enough enzyme to supply a cell with plenty of a given product.

Answer:

Coral Reefs

Explanation:

Correct pretty sure one edge 2021

Coral reefs are underwater ecosystems made of calcium carbonate structures, hence option B is correct.

Diverse underwater ecosystems known as coral reefs are kept together by calcium carbonate structures that corals manufacture. Polyps, microscopic invertebrates that live in nutrient-poor marine waters, form colonies that form coral reefs.

Over a skeleton made of calcium carbonate, coral polyps create a living carpet. The corals that are largely in charge of constructing and laying the foundations for reef structures are known as stony corals (or scleractinians).

Therefore, calcium carbonate is used by corals that form intricate reefs to build their own houses, which also serve as a habitat for a variety of other creatures.

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Answer:

The sun's waves heat the ground, causing it to warm (radiation). The energy flows from the warmer ground to the cooler air (conduction), causing it to rise (convection). When the rising air reaches a certain point, it expands, cools, and the cooler expanded air can no longer hold as much water vapor so it rains.

Explanation:

Answer:

convection occurs over a very very long time in the earth's mantle.  Rock slowly gets melted down from the core, then shoots back up from volcanoes.  The new rocks get buried by sand and sediments, and the process resets.

Explanation:

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Answer:

phototropism

Explanation:

Auxins promote stem elongation, inhibit growth of lateral buds (maintains apical dominance). They are produced in the stem, buds, and root tips. ... This produces a curving of the plant stem tip toward the light, a plant movement known as phototropism. Auxin also plays a role in maintaining apical dominance.

Phototropism made possible by a high concentration of auxins in a plant's shoot and root

The correct answer is C

A plant can maximize photosynthetic light absorption in the aerial portion and water and nutrient uptake in the roots by using phototropism, or the differential cell elongation displayed by a plant organ in response to directed blue light.

What occurs during phototropism?

Positive phototropism, or growing toward the light, is the term for how a plant stem reacts to light. A negative phototropism, or root growth away from the light, is the term used to describe how a plant root reacts to light.

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Explanation:

Answer:

A stroller being pushed

Explanation:

Blood pressure is usually estimated from indirect measurements of the pressure in the brachial artery.

This is typically done using a device called a sphygmomanometer, which consists of an inflatable cuff that is wrapped around the upper arm and a pressure gauge. The cuff is inflated to a pressure higher than the expected systolic pressure, which temporarily occludes blood flow in the brachial artery. The pressure in the cuff is then slowly released, and a healthcare provider listens with a stethoscope over the brachial artery while the pressure in the cuff is reduced.

The first sound that is heard is the systolic pressure, and the point at which the sound disappears is the diastolic pressure. These two measurements are used to estimate a person's blood pressure. Blood pressure is an important indicator of cardiovascular health and is used to diagnose and manage hypertension and other cardiovascular conditions.

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Answer:

C) Radio waves are used to transmit television and radio  programs.

Explanation:

Radio wave is a form of electromagnetic radiation which is used in communication technologies, such as radio, television, and mobile phones. Communication technologies or devices receive radio waves and then they are converted into mechanical vibrations in the speaker that creates sound waves.

Hence, the correct answer is "C) Radio waves are used to transmit television and radio  programs."

According to the given passage, viruses are not living because they (C) do not have a cellular organization.

Viruses lack a cellular organization which is a basic feature of all living organisms. A virus is a nucleoprotein, with the genetic material enclosed by a protein coat. The genetic material could be either DNA or RNA. The genetic material is responsible for causing infection in the host.

Viruses are inactive outside their specific host cell. They are non-cellular organisms. They possess an inert crystalline structure outside the living host cell. The protein coat of a virus, i.e. capsid, serves as a protective covering for the genetic material.

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Answer:

What are the advantages and disadvantages of both asexual and sexual reproduction?

Comparison chart

Asexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction

Advantages Time Efficient; no need to search for mate, requires less energy Variation, Unique., organism is more protected

Disadvantages No variation - if the parent has a genetic disease, offspring does too. Requires two organisms, requires more energy

Answer:

Prokaryotes and eukaryotes vs. only eukaryotes

Mitosis and binary fission vs. meiosis

Both forms of reproduction

Two vs. four cells produced

Diploid vs. haploid  cells produced

Advantages or disadvantages of each

Explanation:

When acutely stimulated, contractility is the capacity to forcefully shorten. This characterizes muscle from all other types of tissues.

Excitability, contractility, extensibility, and elasticity are the four distinct properties of muscle tissue. Excitability, contractility, extensibility, and elasticity are the four distinct properties of muscle tissue.

The structure and function of each type of muscle tissue in the human body are distinct. Skeletal muscle moves structures like bones. The heart contracts in order to pump blood. In order to facilitate bodily functions, the smooth muscle tissue that makes up organs like the stomach and bladder changes shape.

Contractility, or the capacity of the cells in a muscle to shorten and generate force, is a characteristic that is shared by all three types of muscle. Extensibility, or the capacity to stretch and extend beyond the cells' resting length, refers to the muscle tissue's ability to contract and shorten.

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Answer:

There is a 75% probability that an offspring will have the dominant trait and a 25% probability that an offspring will have a recessive trait.

Explanation:

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The dental formula of the modern horse is 3.0.3.3. There are no upper incisors or canines in the modern horse's mouth. There is a gap between the incisors and the cheek teeth in the modern horse's mouth. The cheek teeth of the modern horse are hypsodont and brachydont for the tooth structure.

Fifty-five million years ago, the modern horse's ancestors lived in rainforests. Over time, a gradual shift in the climate made the planet drier, and some rainforests became open grasslands. This led to a change in the tooth structure of horses over time, which is recorded in the fossil record.

The table given shows how the horse tooth structure changed over time.What is the tooth structure of the modern horse?The tooth structure of the modern horse is suited to grazing. The dental formula of the modern horse is 3.0.3.3. There are no upper incisors or canines in the modern horse's mouth. There is a gap between the incisors and the cheek teeth in the modern horse's mouth. The cheek teeth of the modern horse are hypsodont and brachydont.

The molars and premolars have long, complicated crowns with ridges and valleys that enable them to grind tough grasses. The molars have a crescent-shaped ridge known as the "cementum-enamel junction," which allows them to shear through tough grasses by moving their jaws in a circular motion.What is the significance of the change in tooth structure in horses?The shift in tooth structure in horses is indicative of their evolutionary response to environmental pressures.

As the climate shifted, the vegetation changed from forests to open grasslands. This change in vegetation necessitated changes in the tooth structure of horses so that they could better adapt to their changing diet.

The hypsodont and brachydont teeth of modern horses are more suited to grazing than the teeth of their rainforest-dwelling ancestors, which had more complex, multi-cusped teeth that were suited to a more varied diet.

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The first primates which were similar to modern monkeys appeared during the Paleocene. Option C is correct.

The first primates that were similar to modern monkeys appeared during the Paleocene epoch, which occurred approximately 66 to 56 million years ago. This period followed the extinction of the dinosaurs at the end of the Cretaceous period.

During the Paleocene, the first true primates, known as "proto-primates," emerged. These early primates were small and arboreal (tree-dwelling) mammals that possessed some primate-like characteristics, such as grasping hands and feet, forward-facing eyes, and an increased emphasis on vision. While they were not identical to modern monkeys, they represented the early evolutionary steps towards the development of primates as we know them today.

Hence, C. is the correct option.

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The calvin cycle uses ATP and NADPH, the byproducts of photosynthesis' light reactions.

NADPH and ATP are the byproducts of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are used in the Calvin cycle. Sunlight raises the energy level of photosystem II electrons during the light reactions. As the electrons move along the electron transport chain, a gradient of hydrogen ions is produced.

Each produces a triose phosphate (C₃H₇O₆P) molecule after consuming one ATP and one NADPH molecule. The cycle generates triose phosphates, of which one-sixth is used in pathways for the synthesis of carbohydrates. The remaining triose phosphates are retained and go through the regeneration phase.

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The energy carrying molecules are made in stroma where the calvin cycle takes place.

In photosynthesis, light energy is utilized to cause the photosystem I molecule to make ATP by transferring electrons from chlorophyll to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) (Figure 5). In the light-independent processes of photosynthesis, this metabolic energy is utilized to fixation CO2 (Calvin cycle).

The calvin cycle or light independent reaction of photosynthesis happens in the stroma of the Chloroplast. It has certain enzymes that work with NADPH and ATP.

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Answer:

streaking

Explanation:

bacterial cultures are steaked on to agar plated and stored at 4C for daily or weekly use.

The method is used to infer the timing of branching events by using the fossil record or geologic events to calculate dna divergence rates is the molecular clock

Evolution is a change in the body structure of living things that takes place slowly over a very long time. Evolution results in changes in shape for the better or more complex as a result of adaptation to the environment.

Molecular clock is a procedure in molecular evolution that uses comparisons of fossil developments to infer the history of geological drift of species. The molecular clock hypothesis states that DNA and protein sequences evolve at a relatively constant rate over time and among different organisms. It is used in the time span of evolution.

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Plants provide shelter and shade from the sun which support the emergence of land animals. Therefore, option (B) is correct.

The area of the planet that is home to all forms of life, including animals, plants, and microorganisms, is referred to as the biosphere.

Because they are the main creators of all other organisms, plants have a significant place in the biosphere. This indicates that these organisms are the ones responsible for the production of organic compounds, which are then taken in by other creatures. They do this via a process known as photosynthesis, which utilises the light energy provided by the sun.

They provide shelter to many birds and animals like a home. Also, they provide food for birds, animals and human beings in the form of leaves, vegetables, fruits and roots

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The information which is provided is insufficient to determine the uncertainty in the measurements done by Sandy.

The correct option is option d.

Based on the information which is provided, it is not possible to accurately determine the uncertainty of Sandy's measurement without additional context or knowledge about the measuring instrument's precision or the method used.

Uncertainty in measurements basically depends on factors such as instrument precision, measurement technique, and environmental conditions. To determine the uncertainty, one needs to consider factors beyond the reported value itself. Without specific information about these factors, it is not feasible to determine the uncertainty with certainty.

Hence, the correct option is option d.

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Fermentation breaks down the glucose when no oxygen is available in order to make some ATP, hence option a is correct.

Glycolysis, the first step in fermentation, converts glucose into two pyruvate molecules, two ATP (net), and two NADH.

The constant breakdown of glucose to produce ATP during fermentation is made possible by the recycling of NADH to NAD+, to produce lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation.

Therefore, the fermentation's need for anaerobiosis is made easier by the carbon dioxide that is created in place of the air, hence option a is correct.

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The population of beetles in the next three generations, considering the carrying capacity, is y1 = 130 beetles, y2 = 130 beetles, and y3 = 130 beetles.

The population of beetles can be calculated using the formula: y = y0 * (1 + r)^n, where y is the population at a given generation, y0 is the initial population, r is the intrinsic growth rate (expressed as a decimal), and n is the number of generations.

Given that the initial population (y0) is 60 beetles and the intrinsic growth rate (r) is 150% (or 1.5), we can calculate the population for the next three generations.

For the first generation (y1), we substitute y0 = 60, r = 1.5, and n = 1 into the formula: y1 = 60 * (1 + 1.5)^1 = 60 * 2.5 = 150 beetles.

For the second generation (y2), we substitute y0 = 60, r = 1.5, and n = 2 into the formula: y2 = 60 * (1 + 1.5)^2 = 60 * 6.25 = 375 beetles.

For the third generation (y3), we substitute y0 = 60, r = 1.5, and n = 3 into the formula: y3 = 60 * (1 + 1.5)^3 = 60 * 15.625 = 937.5 beetles.

However, since the environment can only sustain a maximum population of 130 beetles, we need to consider the carrying capacity.

To find the population at each generation while considering the carrying capacity, we compare the calculated population with the carrying capacity and use the smaller value as the population.

For y1, the population is 150 beetles, which exceeds the carrying capacity of 130 beetles. Therefore, y1 = 130 beetles.

For y2, the calculated population is 375 beetles, which is also above the carrying capacity. Thus, y2 = 130 beetles.

For y3, the calculated population is 937.5 beetles, which is still above the carrying capacity. Therefore, y3 = 130 beetles.

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Dams preserve water, generate power, cause mass migration, and are expensive. Dams regulate water supply for domestic, industrial, and electric uses.

A dam is a structure that stops or slows the flow of water on the surface or in the ground.

Advantages of building a dam are:

Disadvantages are:

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Approximately 15% of the fluid that enters the interstitial space is normally absorbed into lymphatic capillaries :Note - small amount of proteins as well to join the solutes. The correct option is (B).

Lymph is a clear fluid that circulates through the lymphatic system, which is a network of vessels and organs involved in immune response and fluid balance. It is formed when interstitial fluid, the fluid that surrounds the cells in tissues, enters the lymphatic capillaries.

Option B is correct because lymph is primarily composed of water and dissolved solutes, such as ions, nutrients, and waste products. However, it also contains a small amount of proteins.

These proteins are important for maintaining osmotic pressure and assisting in the transport of larger molecules, such as lipids, vitamins, and hormones, which are not easily transported through the blood capillaries.

Option A is incorrect because it states that the majority of lymph is composed of water and dissolved solutes, but it fails to mention the presence of proteins.

Option C is also incorrect because lymph can occasionally contain metastasized cancer cells, which are cancer cells that have spread from their original site to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system. However, this is not a characteristic of all lymph.

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Lymph is mainly composed of water and dissolved solutes, including small amounts of proteins. It can also occasionally contain metastasized cancer cells, as the lymphatic system is a common pathway for cancer spread.

A. Yes, the majority of lymph is composed of water and dissolved solutes. Lymph is derived from the interstitial fluid and contains similar components, including water, electrolytes, nutrients, and metabolic waste products.

B. Additionally, lymph can contain a small amount of proteins. Proteins that are too large to enter the blood capillaries during capillary exchange can enter the lymphatic capillaries and contribute to the protein content of lymph.

C. It is possible for lymph to occasionally contain metastasized cancer cells. The lymphatic system is a common route for cancer cells to spread from their primary site to nearby lymph nodes and potentially to distant organs. Metastatic cancer cells can enter the lymphatic vessels and travel through the lymphatic system, facilitating the spread of cancer.

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Answer:

Coal-fired power plants and nuclear power plants have their own advantages and disadvantages. Coal-fired power plants are generally considered safer than nuclear power plants because a coal power plant's failure is not likely to cause catastrophic events such as a nuclear meltdown would². Coal-fired power plants are also more reliable than nuclear power plants because coal's ability to supply power during peak power demand either as base power or as off-peak power is greatly valued as a power plant fuel³. Additionally, coal-fired power plants are more affordable, abundant, and have known technologies². However, coal-fired power plants produce more outward radiation exposure than a nuclear power plant would produce¹. The emissions are also linked to increased levels of asthma and lung cancer for local populations compared to other forms of energy¹.

On the other hand, nuclear power plants are cleaner and more efficient than coal-fired power plants because they do not produce greenhouse gases or air pollutants¹. Nuclear power plants also have a smaller footprint than coal-fired power plants and can produce more energy per unit of fuel¹. However, nuclear power plants are more expensive to build and maintain than coal-fired power plants². Nuclear power plants also pose a risk of nuclear accidents and the disposal of nuclear waste is a major environmental concern¹.

It is important to note that both coal-fired power plants and nuclear power plants have their own advantages and disadvantages. The decision to choose between the two depends on various factors such as cost, reliability, safety, environmental impact, and energy efficiency.

Prion disease would NOT be a consequence of a lack of protein. Option E is correct.

Prion diseases are a group of rare neurodegenerative disorders caused by abnormal proteins called prions. These diseases are not directly linked to a lack of dietary protein intake.

However, the other options listed—swelling of the belly, stunted growth, lethargy, and kwashiorkor—are all potential consequences of a lack of protein in the diet.

Swelling of the belly is a symptom commonly associated with protein deficiency, specifically related to kwashiorkor, a severe form of malnutrition characterized by protein deficiency and edema.

Stunted growth can occur in individuals with insufficient protein intake, as proteins play a crucial role in tissue growth and repair.

Lethargy and lack of energy can result from protein deficiency, as proteins are essential for various metabolic processes and energy production.

Kwashiorkor is a severe form of protein-energy malnutrition that results from a lack of protein in the diet, leading to symptoms such as edema, muscle wasting, skin changes, and impaired growth.

Hence, E is the correct option.

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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is

"Which of the following would NOT be a consequence of a lack of protein? A) swelling of the belly B) stunted growth C) lethargy D) kwashiorkor E) prion disease."--

Answer:the equator

Explanation:

Answer:

YOUR ANSWER IS

Explanation:

to use a hand on method to develop an understanding of the mechanisim of meiosis using an organisum