The concept that accounts for the whole-number subscripts in chemical formulas is the law of definite proportions.
Law of definite proportionsThe law of definite proportions, often known as Proust's Law, states that chemical compounds have a set proportion of elements by weight in their compositions. The proportions of the elements that make up any particular chemical compound are always the same, no matter where it is found. It is the essential principle of stoichiometry and the foundation of quantitative chemistry.
In chemical reactions, it is necessary to represent the reactants and the products. This representation is done in the form of chemical equations, which have chemical formulas and subscripts representing the proportion of atoms in the molecule and ratio of atoms in a compound.
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For the reaction between aqueous silver nitrate and aqueous sodium chloride, write each of the following. The products of the reaction are aqueous sodium nitrate and solid silver chloride.
Complete equation
Complete ionic equation
Net ionic equation
Answer:
A balanced ionic equation shows the reacting ions in a chemical reaction. These equations can be used to represent what happens in precipitation reactions or displacement reactions.
Precipitation reactions
In a typical precipitation reaction, two soluble reactants form an insoluble product and a soluble product.
For example, silver nitrate solution reacts with sodium chloride solution. Insoluble solid silver chloride and sodium nitrate solution form:
AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)
The Na+ ions and NO3- ions remain separate in the sodium nitrate solution and do not form a precipitate. Ions that remain essentially unchanged during a reaction are called spectator ions.This means these can be ignored when writing the ionic equation. Only how the solid silver chloride forms is needed to be shown:
Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq) → AgCl(s)
In a balanced ionic equation:
the number of positive and negative charges is the same
the numbers of atoms of each element on the left and right are the same
Displacement reactions
Displacement reactions take place when a reactive element displaces a less reactive element from one of its compounds.
A common type of displacement reaction takes place when a reactive metal reacts with the salt of a less reactive metal. For example, copper reacts with silver nitrate solution to produce silver and copper(II) nitrate solution:
2AgNO3(aq) + Cu(s) → 2Ag(s) + Cu(NO3)2(aq)
In this reaction, the NO3- ions remain in the solution and do not react - they are the spectator ions in this reaction. So, they can be removed from the ionic equation:
2Ag+(aq) + Cu(s) → 2Ag(s) + Cu2+(aq)
Question
Explain why this ionic equation is balanced:
Ba2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) → BaSO4(s)
Hide answer
There are the same numbers of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation. The total charge on both sides is also the same (zero).
Question
Balance this ionic equation, which represents the formation of a silver carbonate precipitate:
Ag+(aq) + CO32-(aq) → Ag2CO3(s)
Hide answer
2Ag+(aq) + CO32-(aq) → Ag2CO3(s)
Question
Balance this ionic equation, which represents the displacement of iodine from iodide ions by chlorine:
Cl2(aq) + I-(aq) → I2(aq) + Cl-(aq)
Hide answer
Cl2(aq) + 2I-(aq) → I2(aq) + 2Cl-(aq
Explanation:
this will help, I used this for my work x
AgNO₃ (aq) + NaCl (aq) → AgCl (s) + NaNO₃(aq) is the complete chemical equation taking place between the 2 reactants.
Chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction which is written in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.The reactants are present on the left hand side while the products are present on the right hand side.
A plus sign is present between reactants and products if they are more than one in any case and an arrow is present pointing towards the product side which indicates the direction of the reaction .There are coefficients present next to the chemical symbols and formulas .
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describe melting of a solid
In hot sunlight, dry sand heats up more than ocean water. What principles of heat and thermal energy does this difference demonstrate?
Answer:
1) Heat capacity
2) Thermal Conductivity
3) Heat reflection
Explanation:
The heat capacity of a body is the heat required to raise the temperature of the given mass of the body by 1° C.
The heat capacity = Mass × Specific heat capacity
Given that the mass of the ocean, which covers 70% of the Earth's surface has a much larger mass than a given unit of sand and that the specific heat capacity for the water (4,200 J/(kg·°C)) is much more than that of the sand (800 J/(kg·°C)), the heat required to raise the temperature of the mass of sand by 1°C is much less than the heat required to raise the temperature of the temperature of the ocean by 1°C
Therefore, the sand will have a higher temperature than the ocean when exposed to the same Sunlight
2) The ocean has a thermal conductivity of 0.5 W/(m·°C) the thermal conductivity of sand is 2.05 W/(m·°C), therefore, sand takes heat from the Sun faster than the ocean which also increases its temperature
3) The albedo, of the ocean is more than that of the sand so the ocean absorbs more of the Sun's heat than the sand but very little of the heat is conducted.
The density of zinc is 7.13 g/mL. What would be the volume of a 300.0 g sample of this metal?
Answer:
The answer is 42.08 mLExplanation:
The volume of a substance when given the density and mass can be found by using the formula
\(volume = \frac{mass}{density} \\\)
From the question
mass of metal = 300 g
density = 7.13 g/mL
We have
\(volume = \frac{300}{7.13} \\ = 42.07573632...\)
We have the final answer as
42.08 mLHope this helps you
1. How many atoms are in 3.5 moles of nickel?
The number is 6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol.
Will chlorine displace bromine from a solution of potassium bromide? Explain your answer
Answer:
When chlorine water is added to potassium bromide solution, chlorine will displace the bromine from the salt solution. The chlorine will be REDUCED (gain electrons) to chlorine ions. The bromide ions will be OXIDISED (lose electrons) to become bromine. The bromine will turn the solution orange.
Explanation:
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what hydrogen/signal in the product structure/nmr is strongly indicative that you successfully reduced the imine to the amine?
When an imine is reduced to an amine, a hydrogen signal is observed in the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum that is indicative of the newly formed amine group.
Specifically, a broad singlet peak is typically observed in the NMR spectrum at around 2-3 ppm, which corresponds to the protons attached to the nitrogen atom in the amine.
This peak is distinct from the peak observed for the protons attached to the carbon atoms in the molecule, which typically appear as sharp peaks at around 0-2 ppm in the NMR spectrum.
Additionally, the chemical shift of the amine proton peak is typically lower than that of the imine proton peak, which is typically observed at around 6-8 ppm in the NMR spectrum.
Therefore, the presence of a broad singlet peak at around 2-3 ppm in the NMR spectrum is strongly indicative that the imine has been successfully reduced to the amine.
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In a particular titration experiment, a 25.0 mL sample of HC 2H 3O 2 requires 30.0 mL of a 0.200 M NaOH solution to reach the equivalence point. What is the concentration of the HC 2H 3O 2
Therefore, the concentration of the titration \(HC_2H_3O_2\) in the sample is 0.240 M.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between \(HC_2H_3O_2\) is (acetic acid) and NaOH (sodium hydroxide) is:
\(HC_2H_3O_2\) i + NaOH → \(NaC_2H_3O_2\) + \(H_2O\)
From the equation, we can see that the stoichiometric ratio of \(HC_2H_3O_2\) NaOH is 1:1. This means that the number of moles of NaOH used in the titration is equal to the number of moles of \(HC_2H_3O_2\) present in the 25.0 mL sample.
We can use the formula:
moles = concentration × volume (in liters)
to calculate the number of moles of NaOH used:
moles NaOH = 0.200 M × 0.0300 L = 0.00600 mol
Since the stoichiometric ratio of \(HC_2H_3O_2\) to NaOH is 1:1, the number of moles of \(HC_2H_3O_2\) present in the 25.0 mL sample is also 0.00600 mol.
We can now use the formula above to calculate the concentration of \(HC_2H_3O_2\):
concentration \(HC_2H_3O_2\) = moles \(HC_2H_3O_2\) / volume (in liters)
The volume of the sample is 25.0 mL, or 0.0250 L:
concentration \(HC_2H_3O_2\) = 0.00600 mol / 0.0250 L = 0.240 M
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Neutral atom has 17 electrons. How many neutrons are there in this atom?
Answer:
17
Explanation:
in a neutral atom the number of proton is equal to the number of neutron which is also equal to the number electron in a neutral element so according to the question the mass number is 34 it's proton and atomic number is still 17 and the electron is still 17
Which of these is not a structural adaptation? A) Horns B) Thick white fur C) Seasonal migration D) A long beak
Answer:
c) Seasonal migration
Explanation:
Because A, B and C are all examples of structural adaptations. And seasonal migration is not something that is in an animals structure but is instinct.
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How many ions are in 0.5 moles of NaCl?
Explanation:
Step 1: Write out the chemical formula of the compound.
Magnesium Chloride = MgCl^2
Step 2: Convert moles into number of compounds using Avogadro's number
0.5 moles MgCl^2 ⋅(6.022⋅10^23 - 1 mole MgCl^2)= 3.011⋅ 10^23
Step 3: Determine how many Chloride ions there will be in 1 compound
There will be 2 Cl− ions in each compound (Cl^2 part)
Step 4: Multiply the number from Step 2 by the number in Step 3
3.011 ⋅ 10^23 ⋅ 2= 6.022 ⋅ 10^23
We do this because the ratio is 2 Cl− ions for every 1 compound.
In the case of finding how many ions in general (both sodium and chloride), we would multiply by 3 because there are 3 ions per 1 compound.
I hope this helped!
1 mole of NaCl = 2 moles of ions, so 0.5 moles of NaCl contain 1 mole of ions.
Sodium chloride (NaCl) dissociates into sodium ions (Na⁺) and chloride ions (Cl⁻) in a 1:1 ratio. This means that for every mole of NaCl, you get one mole of sodium ions and one mole of chloride ions.
Therefore, 0.5 moles of NaCl will yield 0.5 moles of sodium ions and 0.5 moles of chloride ions. Since you asked about the total number of ions, you need to add the number of sodium ions and chloride ions together. As a result, 0.5 moles of NaCl will contain a total of 1 mole of ions.
The key factor here is the balanced stoichiometry of the dissociation reaction, which gives a 1:1 ratio of ions for NaCl.
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Clouds form because water vapor in the air...
a. Warms
b. Conducts
c. Condenses
d. Evaporates
the answer is D. The rain cycle says that Evaporation turns water into gas
Calculate the relative formula mass of strontium nitrate, Sr(NO3)2.
(relative atomic masses: N = 14, O = 16, Sr = 88)
Answer:
its 210
Explanation:
Just add all atomic mass used in the formula together: 2*(14+16*3)+88= 2*62+88=124+88=210
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The relative formula mass of strontium nitrate Sr(NO₃)₂ is 210
The relative atomic masses of N, O and Sr are 14,16 and 88 respectively.
In calculating the relative atomic mass of an element with isotopes, the relative mass and proportion of each is taken into account. Adding the atomic masses together gives the relative formula mass of a compound
So, relative atomic mass of Sr(NO₃)₂ is calculated as
88+ 2(14+16×3) = 210
The atomic mass constant (symbol: mu) is defined as being 1/12 th of the mass of a carbon-12 atom. Since both quantities in the ratio are masses, the resulting value is dimensionless; hence the value is said to be relative atomic mass.
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A. The resistivity of aluminum is 2. 8 x 10-8 Qm. What is the conductivity of aluminum?
The resistivity of a material refers to how strongly it opposes the flow of electric current through it. In contrast, conductivity is the measure of a material's ability to conduct electric current.
These two properties are related by a mathematical formula, which states that conductivity (σ) is equal to the reciprocal of resistivity (ρ), or σ=1/ρ.
In the case of aluminum, the given resistivity is 2.8 x 10^-8 Qm. Using the above formula, we can calculate its conductivity as follows:
σ = 1/ρ
σ = 1/(2.8 x 10^-8 Qm)
σ = 3.57 x 10^7 S/m
Therefore, the conductivity of aluminum is 3.57 x 10^7 S/m. This means that aluminum is a good conductor of electricity, which is why it is widely used in electrical wiring and other applications that require the efficient transfer of electrical energy. It is also a relatively lightweight and cost-effective material, making it a popular choice in many industries.
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1. saturated solutions of each of the following compounds are made at 20°c. circle the letter(s) of the solution(s), which will form a precipitate upon heating.
a) nacl b) na2so4 c) li2co3 d) sucrose
2. a saturated solution of potassium chloride is prepared in 100.0 g of water at 20°c. if the solution is heated to
50°c, how much more kcl must be added to obtain a saturated solution?
3. a saturated solution of sucrose in 1000.0 g of boiling water is cooled to 20°c. what mass of rock candy will be formed?
The solubility curve can show the variation of solubility with temperature.
What is a saturated solution?A saturated solution is one in which there is just enough solute as it can dissolve at a given temperature. The imege is missing hence the question is incomplete.
The solubility curve shows us the solubility of each substance but unfortunately we do not have it hence we can not answer the questions but we do know that the solubility curve can show the variation of solubility with temperature.
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Which animal would you want to swim with the most, Dolphin or A White Whale?
Answer:
White whale
Explanation:
Just because I never seen a white whale:)
Change 6 miles to feet
what is an oxidation reaction?
Fe + O2 —(H2O)—> Fe2O3
2 NH3 + 3 CuO g 3 Cu + N2 + 3 H2O
In the above equation how many moles of N2 can be made when 13 moles of CuO are consumed?
Answer:
From 13 moles of CuO 4.3 moles of N₂ are formed
Explanation:
Given data:
Number of moles of N₂ formed = ?
Number of moles of CuO react = 13 mol
Solution:
Chemical equation:
2NH₃ + 3CuO → 3Cu + N₂ + 3H₂O
Now we will compare the moles of CuO and N₂.
CuO : N₂
3 : 1
13 : 1/3×13 = 4.3 mol
Thus, from 13 moles of CuO 4.3 moles of N₂ are formed.
From 13 moles of CuO 4.3 moles of N₂ are formed.
Given:
Number of moles of CuO react = 13 mol
To find:
Number of moles of N₂ formed = ?
The balanced chemical equation:
2NH₃ + 3CuO → 3Cu + N₂ + 3H₂O
On comparing the moles of CuO and N₂.
CuO : N₂
3 : 1
13 : 1/3*13 = 4.3 mol
Thus, from 13 moles of CuO 4.3 moles of N₂ are formed.
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Convert 1.4 x 1024 molecules of H2O to grams of H20.
Answer:
41.8 g of water.
Explanation:
To solve this, we introduce the concept of mol.
1 mol of anything contains 6.02×10²³ particles.
In this case, we talk about molecules of water.
Molecular weigh is 18 g/mol which indicates that 1 mol of water weighs 18 g.
So let's do the conversion
(18 g of water / 6.02×10²³ 1 mol of molecules) . 1.4×10²⁴ molecules = 41.8 g
Is the following chemical equation and exothermic or endothermic
reaction..... Mg + 2H20 - Mg(OH)2 + H2+ heat
Answer:
Exothermic
Explanation:
Exothermic reactions RELEASE heat as a product.
If you were to see "heat" or "energy" above the reaction arrow, then it would be endothermic.
Gerry is looking at salt under a powerful microscope and notices a crystalline structure. What can be known about
the salt sample that Gerry is looking at?
Answer:
The atoms are vibrating in place.
Explanation:
One of the properties of an ionic substance is the possession of a crystalline structure. As Gerry observed the salt under a microscope, he discovered that it has a crystalline structure. Crystalline salts are all ionic in nature, hence the salt observed by Gerry is an ionic salt.
Solids containing a definite crystalline structure always has their particles vibrating in place. This is immediately evident as Gerry looks at the salt through a microscope.
Answer:
D.The atoms are vibrating in place
Explanation:
How is protenin in milk broken down in our digestive system
Answer:
when we drink the milk the digestive system produce protease enzyme to break down the protein of milk.
Consider the following balanced equation:H₂SO4 (aq) + 2LiOH (aq) --> 2 H₂O (1) + Li₂SO4 (aq)A 33.98 mL sample of H₂SO4 is completely titrated with 18.19 mL of 1.35 M LIOH. What is the molarity of the H₂SO4?
1) Write the chemical equation.
\(H_2SO_{4(aq)}+2LiOH\rightarrow2H_2O+Li_2SO_4\)2) List the known and unknown quantities.
Sample: H2SO4
Volume: 33.98 mL.
Concentration: unknown
Titrant: LiOH
Volume: 18.19 mL = 0.01819
Concentration: 1.35 M
3) Find moles of LiOH
3.1- Set the equation
\(M=\frac{moles\text{ }of\text{ }solute}{liters\text{ }of\text{ }solution}\)3.2- Plug in the values
\(1.35\text{ }M=\frac{moles\text{ }of\text{ }solute}{0.01819\text{ }L}\)\(moles\text{ }of\text{ }solute=1.35\text{ }M*0.01819\text{ }L\)\(moles\text{ }LiOH=0.0245565\)The number of moles of LiOH in the reaction is 0.0246.
4) Find moles of H2SO4
The molar ratio between H2SO4 and LiOH is 1 mol H2SO4: 2 mol LiOH.
\(mol\text{ }H_2SO_4=0.0246\text{ }mol\text{ }LiOH*\frac{1\text{ }mol\text{ }H_2SO_4}{2\text{ }mol\text{ }LiOH}\)\(mol\text{ }H_2SO_4=0.01228\text{ }mol\text{ }H_2SO_4\)5) Molarity of H2SO4
Sample: H2SO4
Moles: 0.01228
Volume: 33.98 mL.
5.1- Convert mL to L.
1 L = 1000 mL
\(L=33.98\text{ }mL*\frac{1\text{ }L}{1000\text{ }mL}=0.03398\text{ }L\)5.2- Set the equation to find molarity.
\(M=\frac{moles\text{ }of\text{ }solute}{liters\text{ }of\text{ }solution}\)\(M=\frac{0.01228\text{ }mol\text{ }H_2SO_4}{0.03398\text{ }L}\)\(M=0.3614\text{ }M\)The molarity of the sample is 0.3614 M H2SO4.
What is the difference between an element, a compound, and a mixture? Give an example of each.
Answer:
compounds are formed by chemically combination of two or more elements such as water. mixtures are formed by physical combination of two or more substances such as a mixture of maize and beans.An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means such as sulphur
Identify the 13 c nmr chemical shift for each carbon atom in a molecule of 1-penten-3-one
Carbon 1: δ = 2.09 ppm (The C1 atom is a methyl group, and is in a tertiary environment, which typically corresponds to a chemical shift of around 2.09 ppm).
What is chemical shift?Chemical shift is a term used in NMR spectroscopy to describe the relative difference in the resonance frequency of a nucleus in a molecule compared to a reference frequency.
2. Carbon 2: δ = 11.81 ppm (This is the carbonyl carbon, and is in a sp2 hybridized environment, which typically corresponds to a chemical shift of around 11.81 ppm).
3. Carbon 3: δ = 13.92 ppm (This is the terminal carbon of the pentene chain, and is in a sp3 hybridized environment, which typically corresponds to a chemical shift of around 13.92 ppm).
4. Carbon 4: δ = 16.53 ppm (The C4 atom is a methylene group, and is in a secondary environment, which typically corresponds to a chemical shift of around 16.53 ppm).
5. Carbon 5: δ = 17.86 ppm (The C5 atom is a quaternary carbon, and is in a sp3 hybridized environment, which typically corresponds to a chemical shift of around 17.86 ppm).
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Directions: show all your work, box your answer, and use significant figures to receive credit.Write the pathway to solve a mass to mass stoichiometry problem.
Explanation and Answer:
When trying to find the mass of a substance from the mass of another substance using a chemical equation we have to follow some steps.
Before starting solving the problem we have to make sure that we have a balanced equation of the reaction. The steps are:
1. Make sure that we are working with a balanced chemical equation.
2. Convert the mass of the given compound to moles using its molar mass.
3. Convert the moles of the given compound into moles of the target compound using their molar ratio. Their molar ratio will be given by the relationship of their coefficients in the equation of the reaction.
4. Convert the moles of the target compound into grams using its molar mass.
Explain in a three-paragraph essay the mechanics of how a battery works. How does the choice of metals used in a battery affect its performance? what specific metals work best?
A battery is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy through a process known as an electrochemical reaction.
How does a battery work ?When a battery is connected to a circuit, the electrochemical reaction causes a flow of electrons from the anode to the cathode, generating an electric current that can power a device.
The metal chosen for the anode must be capable of losing electrons easily, while the metal chosen for the cathode must be capable of accepting electrons. The choice of metals can also affect the voltage and capacity of the battery, as well as its overall efficiency.
In general, the metals used in a battery should have a large difference in their electronegativity values, which determines how easily an atom can attract electrons. Common metals used in batteries include zinc, lithium, nickel, and cadmium.
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Which particle changes to create a positive or negative ion of an atom?
A.proton
B. neutron
C. electron
Answer:
it is alkali
Explanation:
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Where is hyaline cartilage found?
In your body, hyaline cartilage is the most prevalent form. Your bones' ends are covered by it, and it lines your joints. Often referred to as "articular cartilage," hyaline cartilage lines the ends of your bones.
Three distinct forms of cartilage. A cartilage can be one of three types: The most prevalent type, hyaline, is located in the ribs, nose, larynx, and trachea. The trachea, larynx, nose, ears, and smaller respiratory tubes are all made of hyaline cartilage. Around the bones of joints with free motion is hyaline cartilage. Articular cartilage is what this is. The tissue lining the respiratory tract's walls serves as another illustration of hyaline cartilage. This comprises the bronchi, the nose, the tracheal rings, and the rib ends.The embryonic skeleton is made of hyaline cartilage, which is also the most prevalent kind. Adult humans still have it in their noses, larynxes, tracheas, and bronchiae as well as at the ends of ribs and in the articular cartilage of their free-moving joints, ribs, and other body parts.
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