Answer:
x = -12
Step-by-step explanation:
-36 + (-3x) = 0
___________
+36. +36
(add; addition poe)
______________
-3x = 36
_______
÷3 ÷3
(divide; division poe)
_______
-x = 12
______
×÷-1 ×÷-1
(multiply or divide by negative one to cancel out the negative; identity)
______
x = -12
Reduce your answer to its lowest term 2 1/5 + 5 4/5=
Answer:
8
Step-by-step explanation:
2 1/5 + 5 4/5 =
2 + 5 = 7
1/5 + 4/5 = 1
1 + 7 = 8
How do you write the equation in point slope form given (2,3) and (4,-6)?
Answer: y = -9/2x + 12
Step-by-step explanation: So, the slope of the line is 9/2 since the change in y is -9 and the change in x is a positive 2. That can be written as 9/2. The y intercept is 12, since when x = 0, y = 12. We can insert these numbers in the equation and get the answer
The distance to your cousin's house is 666 miles, and the distance to Chicago is 37 miles. If it took 18 hours to drive to your cousin's house. howlong would you estimate the drive to Chicago to take?
We know that it took 18 hours to drive 666 miles. If we divide the distance by the hours (666 miles)/(18 hours)
We find that 666/18= 37 miles per hour . which means we travel 37 miles each hour.
So, we can estimate that driving 37 miles it will take 1 hour (the distance to Chicago).
Answer:
666/18=37miles/hour
it would take 1 hour to drive 37 miles
1. Compare the strengths and weaknesses of the horizontal and vertical methods for adding and subtracting polynomials. Include common errors to watch out for when using each of these methods.
2. Explain why you cannot use algebra tiles to model the multiplication of a linear polynomial by a quadratic polynomial. As an added challenge, develop a model similar to algebra tiles that will allow you to show this multiplication. Describe an example of your model for the product (x + 1)(x2 + 2x + 2). 3. Imagine that you are teaching a new student how to multiply polynomials. Explain how multiplying polynomials is similar to multiplying integers. Then describe the key differences between the two. 4. If you multiply a binomial by a binomial, how many terms are in the product (before combining like terms)? What about multiplying a monomial by a trinomial? Two trinomials? Write a statement about how many terms you will get when you multiply a polynomial with m terms by a polynomial with n terms. Give an explanation to support your statement.
1.Each method works differently the angles inside them is what matters.
2. Manipulating algebra tiles can help people solve linear equations
3.Distribute each term of the first polynomial to every term of the second polynomial. Remember that when you multiply two terms together you must multiply the coefficient (numbers) and add the exponents. But with Integers you multiply two integers with different signs
4.So you know how
A monomial is a number, a variable or a product of a number and a variable.
multiply each term in one polynomial by each term in the other polynomial
the number of women graduating from 4-yr colleges in a particular country grew from 1930, when 48,752 women earned a bachelor's degree, to 2009, when approximately 764,000 women received such a degree. find an exponential function that fits the data, and the exponential growth rate.
The exponential function that fits the given data can be represented by the equation:
y = a * e^(bx)
Where y represents the number of women graduating from 4-year colleges, x represents the year, a represents the initial value (number of women graduating in 1930), and b represents the growth rate.
To find the values of a and b, we can use the data points given:
(1930, 48,752) and (2009, 764,000)
Using the first data point, we have:
48,752 = a * e^(b*1930)
Using the second data point, we have:
764,000 = a * e^(b*2009)
To solve these equations, we need to eliminate a. We can divide the two equations:
(764,000 / 48,752) = (a * e^(b*2009)) / (a * e^(b*1930))
Simplifying the equation:
15.66 = e^(b*(2009-1930))
Now, we can take the natural logarithm of both sides to solve for b:
ln(15.66) = b * (2009-1930)
ln(15.66) = b * 79
Dividing both sides by 79:
b = ln(15.66) / 79
Using the value of b, we can substitute it back into either of the initial equations to solve for a. Let's use the first equation:
48,752 = a * e^(b*1930)
Substituting the value of b:
48,752 = a * e^((ln(15.66)/79)*1930)
Now, we can solve for a:
a = 48,752 / e^((ln(15.66)/79)*1930)
Calculating these values will give you the exponential function that fits the data and the exponential growth rate.
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Close ties between the members of the group typically are formed during which stage of group development? a. Storming b. Adjourning c. Norming d. Forming
Close ties between the members of the group typically are formed during the norming stage of group development.
The norming stage of group development is the third stage, where the group begins to establish a sense of cohesion and unity. During this stage, members start to accept each other's ideas and opinions, develop relationships with one another, and establish patterns of communication and interaction. As a result of these positive developments, close ties between the members of the group often begin to form.
In the norming stage, group members also start to identify common goals and work together to achieve them. This shared sense of purpose can further strengthen the bonds between group members and contribute to the formation of close ties.
Overall, the norming stage is an important period of transition for groups as they move from the early stages of forming and storming to a more cohesive and productive group dynamic. The close ties formed during this stage can help to foster a supportive and collaborative environment that benefits the group as a whole.
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Air is being pumped into a spherical balloon at the rate of 7 cm³/sec. What is the rate of change of the radius at the instant the volume equals 36n cm³ ? The volume of the sphere 47 [7] of radius r is ³.
the rate of change of the radius at the instant the volume equals 36π cm³ is 7 / (36π) cm/sec.
The volume V of a sphere with radius r is given by the formula V = (4/3)πr³. We are given that the rate of change of the volume is 7 cm³/sec. Differentiating the volume formula with respect to time, we get dV/dt =(4/3)π(3r²)(dr/dt), where dr/dt represents the rate of change of the radius with respect to time.
We are looking for the rate of change of the radius, dr/dt, when the volume equals 36π cm³. Substituting the values into the equation, we have: 7 = (4/3)π(3r²)(dr/dt)
7 = 4πr²(dr/dt) To find dr/dt, we rearrange the equation: (dr/dt) = 7 / (4πr²) Now, we can substitute the volume V = 36π cm³ and solve for the radius r: 36π = (4/3)πr³
36 = (4/3)r³
27 = r³
r = 3 Substituting r = 3 into the equation for dr/dt, we get: (dr/dt) = 7 / (4π(3)²)
(dr/dt) = 7 / (4π(9))
(dr/dt) = 7 / (36π)
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the slope of a street is 0.54. if it covers 28m of horizontal distance, what is the rise of the street?
Answer: i believe its 15.12
Step-by-step explanation:
Evaluate the iterated integral by converting to polar coordinates. a LLOY •vaz-y 2 (2x + y) dx dy Consider the following. SA 5x?y dA, where D is the top half of the disk with center the origin and radius 5 Change the given integral to polar coordinates. I" ["C dr de A = B = Evaluate the integral.
The given integral can be transformed into polar coordinates to evaluate it more conveniently. The evaluated integral is 0.
To change the given integral to polar coordinates, we need to express the differential area element dA in terms of polar coordinates. In polar coordinates, we have dA = r dr dθ, where r represents the radial distance from the origin and θ represents the angle. The limits of integration also change accordingly. Since D is the top half of the disk, the range of θ is from 0 to π, and the range of r is from 0 to 5 (the radius of the disk).
After converting to polar coordinates, the integral becomes ∫∫D 5r^2 cos(θ) dr dθ. The integration is now separated into two parts: an integration with respect to r and an integration with respect to θ. The inner integral with respect to r can be evaluated as (5/3) r^3 cos(θ) evaluated from 0 to 5. This simplifies to (125/3) cos(θ). The outer integral with respect to θ is then evaluated as ∫₀^π (125/3) cos(θ) dθ. This integration yields (125/3) sin(θ) evaluated from 0 to π, resulting in a final answer of 0.
Therefore, the evaluated integral is 0. By converting to polar coordinates, we transformed the integral into a simpler form that allowed us to evaluate it more easily.
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In the circle below, F is the center and lies on line segment AD and BC.
Answer:
I guess option (C)
Step-by-step explanation:
Hope it helps!!!!
Below are statements that can be used to prove that the triangles are similar.
1.
AB=BC
ZY
YX
Z
2. ZB and LY are right
angles.
3.7
345x
-5-3-2-1₁.
0
4.?
B
Which two statements are missing in steps 3 and 4?
OLX =
AABC-AZYX by the SAS similarity theorem.
O
5
4+
3+
2+
271
in bo & mp
-3-
U
3) \(\angle B \cong \angle Y\)
4) \(\triangle ABC \sim \triangle ZYX\) by the SAS similarity theorem
ΔABC is similar ΔZYX by the SAS similarity theorem. Therefore, option B is the correct answer.
What are similar triangles?Two triangles are similar if the angles are the same size or the corresponding sides are in the same ratio. Either of these conditions will prove two triangles are similar.
From the given figure,
1. AB/ZY = BC/YX = 2
2. ∠B and ∠Y are right angles
3. ∠B=∠Y
4. ΔABC is similar ΔZYX by the SAS similarity theorem.
Therefore, option B is the correct answer.
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Right triangle ABC is shown.
Which equation can be used to solve for c?
3
O sin(50%) =
3
3 m
A
С
O sin(50%) =
win
a
50°
С
O cos(50%) =
B
ulm mlu
O cos(50%) =
Answer:
\(\sin(50^o) = \frac{3}{c}\)
Step-by-step explanation:
Given
See attachment for triangle
Required
Expression to solve c
To solve for c, we simply calculate the sine of angle at B
i.e.
\(\sin(50^o) = \frac{Opposite}{Hypotenuse}\)
This gives:
\(\sin(50^o) = \frac{3}{c}\)
Make c the subject
\(c = \frac{3}{\sin(50^o)}\)
according to the text, the first step in the sampling design process is to determine the sample sizeT/F
The statement "the first step in the sampling design process is to determine the sample size" is false because according to the text, the first step in the sampling design process is to clearly define the target population.
The first step in the sampling design process is typically to define the target population and the research objectives.
This involves specifying the characteristics of the population under study and identifying the specific research questions or objectives that the sampling will address.
Once the target population and research objectives are established, the next steps in the sampling design process typically involve determining the appropriate sampling method (such as random sampling, stratified sampling, or cluster sampling) and selecting the sampling frame (the list or source from which the sample will be drawn).
After these initial steps, researchers can then consider factors such as the desired level of precision, confidence level, and variability in the population to determine the appropriate sample size.
The determination of the sample size usually comes after clarifying the research objectives and selecting the appropriate sampling method.
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Someone please help with this question I need an answer no longer than 5 minutes
NO LINKS
Answer:
radius: 8.4 Area: 221.5
Step-by-step explanation:
16.8 divided by 2 = 8.4
The Formula for finding the area of circle= R₂ (radius squared: radius times itself) Multiplied by pi. pi = 3.14
8.4₂ multiplied by 3.14
A farmer wants to put a fence around his vegetable garden. Only three sides must be fenced since a rock wall will form the fourth side. If he uses 40 m of fencing, what is the maximum area possible? What dimensions should the farmer use?
Answer: Maximum area = 200m
Dimensions:
Length = 10m
Width = 20m
Such that there is only one side of 20m fenced because the other side of 20m is against the rock wall.
Step-by-step explanation:
We have the next problem.
Suppose that the vegetable area is a rectangle of length L and width W.
Such that the width side coincides with the rock wall, then we have that:
The perimeter is:
P = 2*L + 2*W
But because one of the width sides coincides with the wall, the amount of fence needed will be:
P = 2*L + W = 40m
And the area can be written as:
A = W*L
We want to find the maximum area that we can have.
First, write our two equations:
40m = 2*L + W
A = W*L
First we must isolate one of the variables in the first equation, and replace it into the second equation:
40m - 2*L = W.
then:
A = (40m - 2*L)*L = 40m*L - 2*L^2
We can write this as a quadratic equation:
A(L) = -2*L^2 + 40m*L
Now, notice that it has a leading coefficient negative, then the maximum of the area function will be at the vertex of the quadratic equation.
For a quadratic equation:
f(x) = a*x^2 + b*x + c
The vertex is at:
x = -b/2a
and the point is (-b/2a, f(-b/2a))
In this case we have:
b = 40m
a = -2
Then:
we must evaluate the area function in:
L = -40m/(-2*2) = 10m
A(L) = -2*L^2 + 40m*L
A(10m) = -2*100m^2 + 400m = 200m
Now we can find the width using one of the above equations:
W = 40m - 2*L = 40m - 2*10m = 20m
Then the dimensions that the farmer should use are:
Two sides of length 10m, and one side of length 20m
plsssss helppppp i need help on this problem
Answer:
Volume is 8 inches
Step-by-step explanation:
Formula for Volume is
V = L× W × H = 4 ×0.25 ×8 = 8 inches
313, 307, 301, ...
Find the 42nd term.
For the given arithmetic sequence 313, 307, 301, ..., the 42nd term of the sequence is -391.
What is a sequence?It is defined as the systematic way of representing the data that follows a certain rule of arithmetic.
Divergent sequences are those in which the terms never stabilize; instead, they constantly increase or decrease as n approaches infinity, approaching either infinity or -infinity.
It is given that,
The following sequence is,
313, 307, 301, ...
The given sequence is in the arithmetic progression the common difference of the series is,
d = 307 - 313 = 301 -307
d = -6
The nth term of the arithmetic progression is,
aₙ = a + (n – 1)d
a₄₂= - 307 + (42 -1)-6
a₄₂= -307 + 41(-6)
a₄₂= -307 +(-84)
a₄₂= -307 -84
a₄₂= -391
Thus, for the given arithmetic sequence 313, 307, 301, ..., the 42nd term of the sequence is -391.
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Simplify the expression
(Please show the work)
Answer: 14 - \(5x^{2}\)
Step-by-step explanation:
So what I would do is remove those parentheses so you would have
8 + \(6x^{2}\) + 6 - \(x^{2}\)
Then you are going to combine like terms that would look like
14 - \(5x^{2}\)
Hope that is correct
3 people invest in a business in the ratio 2:3:5.if the profit from the business is $450 000.how much does each person get?
Answer:
$90,000;$135,000;$225,000Step-by-step explanation:
In this question we have to find the share of each person
First we have to find the sum of all the ratios,
\(2 + 3 + 5 \\ = 10\)
Then we have to represent their share as a fraction and then multiply it by the total value,
The share of first person:-
\( \frac{2}{10} \times 450000 \\ = 2 \times 45000 \\ = 90000\)
So the first person share is $90,000
The share of second person:-
\( \frac{3}{10} \times 450000 \\ = 3 \times 45000 \\ = 135000\)
So the second person share is $135,000
The share of third person:-
\( = 450000 - (135000 + 90000) \\ = 450000 - 225000 \\ = 225000\)
So the third person share is $225,000
(This is your answer hope it helps :))
In the grating equation nλ=d sin θ, the quantity θ will be determined in the labusing the angular scale on the experimental apparatus.using meter sticks and geometry/trigonometry.using a protractor.
In the grating equation nλ=d sin θ, the quantity θ will be determined in the lab by using meter sticks and geometry/trigonometry
The term equation is known as a mathematical statement that is made up of two expressions connected by an equal sign
Here we have given that the grating equation nλ=d sin θ, the quantity θ will be determined in the lab.
The term grating equation in math states that d = 1/N where N is the grating constant, and it is the number of lines per unit length and n is the order of grating, which is a positive integer, representing the repetition of the spectrum.
And the term trigonometry is defined as a branch of mathematics concerned with relationships between angles and ratios of lengths.
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In a bubble sort, on each pass through the list that must be sorted, you can stop making pair comparisons _____. A. one comparison later B. one comparison sooner C. two comparison sooner D. two comparison later
Answer:
In a bubble sort, on each pass through the list that must be sorted, the largest value "bubbles" to the end of the list. Therefore, after each pass, the end of the list is guaranteed to be sorted. This means that we can stop making pair comparisons one comparison sooner, which is option B.
Step-by-step explanation:
Bubble sort works by repeatedly comparing and swapping adjacent elements in the list if they are in the wrong order. During each pass through the list, the largest unsorted element "bubbles up" to its correct position. As a result, after the first pass, the largest element is in its correct position, after the second pass, the two largest elements are in their correct positions, and so on.
Therefore, with each subsequent pass, you can stop making pair comparisons one comparison sooner because the elements at the end of the list are already sorted.
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NEED HELP ASAP WITH WORK
so I can use the work for the questions later on
The width of the rectangular garden is 21 feet.
What is a rectangle?A rectangle is a plane shape that have pair of opposite sides equal and parallel.
To calculate the width of the rectangle, we use the formula below
Formula:
w = 3P/20...................... Equation 1Where:
w = Width of the rectangleP = Perimeter of the rectangleFrom the question,
Given:
P = 140 feetSubstitute into equation 1
w = 3×140/20w = 21 feetHence, the right option is D. 21 feet.
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Kalyan Singhal Corp. makes three products, and it has three machines available as resources as given in the following LP problem: Maximize contribution = 3X₁ +5X₂ +7X3 1X₁ +7X₂ + 4X3 ≤ 100 2X1 + 1X₂ + 7X3 ≤ 110 8X₁ + 4X₂ + 1X3 ≤ 100 X₁, X2, X3 20 (C₁: hours on machine 1) (C₂: hours on machine 2) (C3: hours on machine 3) a) Using a computer software for solving LP, the optimal solution achieved is: (round your response to two decimal places). X₁² = X₂ = (round your response to two decimal places). = X3² (round your response to two decimal places). Contribution (objective value) = (round your response to two decimal places). b) Machine 1 has Machine 2 has Machine 3 has hours of unused time available at the optimal solution (round your response to two decimal places). hours of unused time available at the optimal solution (round your response to two decimal places). hours of unused time available at the optimal solution (round your response to two decimal places). dollars to the firm (round your response to two decimal places). c) An additional hour of time available for third machine, is worth d) An additional 5 hours of time available for the second machine, at no cost to the firm, are going to increase the objective value by dollars (round your response to two decimal places).
a) Contribution (objective value) = $132.14
b) The firm earns $132.14 at the optimal solution.
c) An additional hour of time available for the third machine is worth $0.14 to the firm.
d) An additional 5 hours of time available for the second machine will increase the objective value by $3.69.
The best result obtained from using computer software to solve the LP problem is: X1 = 11.43, X2 = 12.86, X3 = 5.71
b) The number of unused hours at the ideal solution is:
Machine 1 still has 8.57 hours of time left.
There are no hours left on Machine 2 at the moment.
There are still 94.29 hours left on Machine 3.
c) The shadow price of the third limitation is worth an extra hour of time available for the third machine. With the exception of increasing the right-hand side of the third constraint by one unit, we can solve the LP problem using the same constraints to determine the shadow price. Using LP to solve this issue, we discover that the shadow price for the third constraint is
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Which best describes the range of the function f(x) = Two-thirds(6)x after it has been reflected over the x-axis? all real numbers all real numbers less than 0 all real numbers greater than 0 all real numbers less than or equal to 0
(D) "Every real number is either 0 or less" best describes the range of the function.
What is the range of the function?The collection of potential output values for a function is known as its range.
For instance, the range is the non-negative real numbers for the function f(x)=x2 on the domain of all real numbers (x∈R), which may be represented as f(x)≥0 (or [0,∞) using interval notation).
So, every y-coordinate in a function is negated when it is reflected across the x-axis.
Our y-values in the initial function will all be positive.
All of the y-values will be negative when this is reflected across the x-axis, resulting in a range of y-values that are less than or equal to 0.
Therefore, (D) "every real number is either 0 or less" best describes the range of the function.
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Complete question:
Which best describes the range of the function f(x) = 2/3(6)x after it has been reflected over the x-axis?
A. all real numbers
B. all real numbers less than 0
C. all real numbers greater than 0
D. all real numbers less than or equal to 0
The correct answer is "all real numbers less than or equal to 0."
What is Range of function?
The range of a function is the set of all possible output values that the function can produce. When a function is reflected over the x-axis, the sign of its output values (i.e., positive or negative) is reversed.
For the function f(x) = Two-thirds(6)x, the range consists of all real numbers greater than or equal to 0.
When this function is reflected over the x-axis, the range will consist of all real numbers less than or equal to 0.
Therefore, The correct answer is "all real numbers less than or equal to 0."
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Complete Question -
Which best describes the range of the function f(x) = 2/3(6)x after it has been reflected over the x-axis?
A. all real numbers
B. all real numbers less than 0
C. all real numbers greater than 0
D. all real numbers less than or equal to 0
HURRY QUICK!!
Plot the points (-2, 0), (-1, -10), (4, 0) below. Find the equation of the parabola that fits these points, and graph.
After plotting all the three points, we get the parabolic equation in the form is 2(x - 1)²-34.
What is parabola?Any point on a parabola, which has the shape of a U, is situated at an equal distance from the focus, a fixed point, and the directrix, a fixed line.
General equation of the quadratic equation,
Y = ax² + bx +c
Given points,
(-2, 0),
(-1, -10),
(4, 0).
Putting the points in the general equation,
Putting (-2, 0), we get
0 = 4a - 2b + c
Putting (-1, -10), we get
-10 = a - b +c
Putting (4, 0), we get
0 = 16a + 4b +c
Solving all equations we get,
a = 2 , b = -4 , c = -16
After putting the values,
Y = 2x²- 4x- 16
2(x² - 2x - 8)
2(x²- 2x + 1 - 1 - 16)
=2(x - 1)²-34
Hence we get the required equation in the parabolic form.
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An expression is shown below. 2√ 51x Which value of x makes the expression equivalent to 10√51 ?
a 6
b 25
c 50
d 100
Answer:
B:25
Plug it in to check
what is 1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10+11+12+13+14+15+16+17+18+19+20+21+22+23+24+25+26+27+28+29+30*0.0
Answer:
435
Step-by-step explanation:
1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10+11+12+13+14+15+16+17+18+19+20+21+22+23+24+25+26+27+28+29+30*0.0= 435
Answer:
the answer is: 435
Step-by-step explanation:
33 points please just answer it
Answer:
so for the first graph, there was a total of 49 rewards given out and 79 for the second graph. I believe it is a total difference of 30 rewards.
Step-by-step explanation:
what is 2 7/15 x 1 3/7
Answer:
The answer is 3 11/21
Step-by-step explanation:
Answer:
\(\underlie{\bold{\ 3\frac{11}{21}\ }}\)
Step-by-step explanation:
\(2\frac7{15}\cdot1\frac37=\frac{2\cdot15+7}{15}\cdot\frac{1\cdot7+3}{7}=\frac{37}{15}\cdot\frac{10}{7}=\frac{37}{3}\cdot\frac{2}{7}=\frac{37\cdot2}{3\cdot7}=\frac{74}{21}=\frac{3\cdot21+11}{21}=3\frac{11}{21}\)
Consider the linear system 0 πx1 – e x2 +√2x3 – √3x4= √11+e 22 π^2x1+ e x2 – e^2x3+3/7x4=0
√5x1 - √6x2 + x3 – √2x4 = π π^3x1+e^2x2 - √7x3_ 1/9x4=√2
whose actual solution is x= (0.788, – 3.12, 0.167, 4.55)^T. Carry out the following computations using 4 decimal places with rounding: (1.1) Write the system as a matrix equation. (2) (1.2) Solve the system using: (a) Gaussian elimination without pivoting. (7) (b) Gaussian elimination with scaled partial pivoting. (c) Basic LU decomposition
(1.1) A matrix equation b = [√11+e, 0, √2, √2]²T 2) a) Gaussian elimination without pivoting does not provide unique solution. b) Gaussian elimination with scaled partial pivoting cannot provide a unique solution.(c) Basic LU decomposition is x = [0.788, -3.12, 0.167, 4.55]²T.
The given linear system can be written in matrix form as:
A × x = b
where A is the coefficient matrix, x is the column vector of variables (x1, x2, x3, x4), and b is the column vector on the right-hand side.
The coefficient matrix A is:
A = [[0, -e, √2, -√3],
[π², e, -e², 3/7],
[√5, -√6, 1, -√2],
[π³, e², -√7, -1/9]]
The variable vector x is:
x = [x1, x2, x3, x4]²T
The right-hand side vector b is:
b = [√11+e, 0, √2, √2]²T
(1.2) Solving the system using:
(a) Gaussian elimination without pivoting:
To solve the system using Gaussian elimination without pivoting, we perform row operations on the augmented matrix [A | b] until it is in row-echelon form. Then back-substitute to find the values of x.
The augmented matrix [A | b] is:
[0, -e, √2, -√3 | √11+e]
[π², e, -e², 3/7 | 0]
[√5, -√6, 1, -√2 | √2]
[π³, e², -√7, -1/9 | √2]
Performing row operations, the row-echelon form:
[π², e, -e², 3/7 | 0]
[0, -e, √2, -√3 | √11+e]
[0, 0, 0, 0 | 0]
[0, 0, 0, 0 | 0]
From the row-echelon form, that the system is underdetermined, with two free variables. Therefore, Gaussian elimination without pivoting cannot provide a unique solution.
(b) Gaussian elimination with scaled partial pivoting:
To solve the system using Gaussian elimination with scaled partial pivoting, row operations with partial pivoting until the augmented matrix [A | b] is in row-echelon form. Then back-substitute to find the values of x.
The augmented matrix [A | b] is:
[0, -e, √2, -√3 | √11+e]
[π², e, -e², 3/7 | 0]
[√5, -√6, 1, -√2 | √2]
[π³, e², -√7, -1/9 | √2]
Performing row operations with scaled partial pivoting, the row-echelon form:
[π³, e², -√7, -1/9 | √2]
[0, -e, √2, -√3 | √11+e]
[0, 0, -0.03, -1.02 | 0.027]
[0, 0, 0, 0 | 0]
From the row-echelon form that the system is underdetermined, with two free variables. Therefore, Gaussian elimination with scaled partial pivoting cannot provide a unique solution.
(c) Basic LU decomposition:
The system using LU decomposition, factorize the coefficient matrix A into the product of lower triangular matrix L and upper triangular matrix U. Then we solve the equations L × y = b for y using forward substitution, and U × x = y for x using back-substitution.
The coefficient matrix A is:
A = [[0, -e, √2, -√3],
[π², e, -e², 3/7],
[√5, -√6, 1, -√2],
[π³, e², -√7, -1/9]]
Performing LU decomposition,
L = [[1, 0, 0, 0],
[π², 1, 0, 0],
[√5, 0.3128, 1, 0],
[π³, 4.3626, 2.4179, 1]]
U = [[0, -e, √2, -√3],
[0, e + π², -e² + e × π², 3/7 - e × √2],
[0, 0, 0.9693, -0.3651],
[0, 0, 0, -2.2377]]
Solving L × y = b for y using forward substitution:
[1, 0, 0, 0] ×y = √11+e
[π^2, 1, 0, 0] × y = 0
[√5, 0.3128, 1, 0] × y = √2
[π^3, 4.3626, 2.4179, 1] × y = √2
Solving the above equations,
y = [0.788, -3.12, 0.167, 4.55]²T
Now, solving U × x = y for x using back-substitution:
[0, -e, √2, -√3] × x = 0.788
[0, e + π², -e² + e × π², 3/7 - e ×√2]× x = -3.12
[0, 0, 0.9693, -0.3651] ×x = 0.167
[0, 0, 0, -2.2377] ×x = 4.55
Solving the above equations,
x = [0.788, -3.12, 0.167, 4.55]²T
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