what is the overall function of the extra-pyramidal system?
Answers
The overall function of the extrapyramidal system is to regulate and modulate regulate involuntary motor functions, particularly those related to maintaining posture, balance, and coordination.
The extrapyramidal system operates through a complex network of interconnected brain structures, including the basal ganglia, substantia nigra, and other subcortical nuclei. This system acts as a supporting mechanism for the primary motor pathway, known as the pyramidal system, which directly controls voluntary movements. The extrapyramidal system refines motor commands and reduces undesired movement, ensuring smooth and coordinated actions.
In addition, this system plays a crucial role in preventing involuntary muscle contractions or spasms, known as dystonia, and suppressing unintentional movements or tremors. The extrapyramidal system is also involved in the initiation and termination of movement, allowing for a seamless transition between different motor tasks. When the extrapyramidal system is dysfunctional or impaired, various movement disorders may arise, such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, or tardive dyskinesia.
These conditions can result in symptoms like tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia (slowed movement), and difficulties in initiating or stopping movements. In summary, the extrapyramidal system is essential for refining and regulating involuntary motor functions, ensuring that our movements are well-coordinated, precise, and adaptable to the changing demands of our environment.
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Related Questions
Please help me with this question.
Answers
If the given region of the myosin were disrupted, and it did not function properly then the muscle contraction would be affected. Therefore option A s correct.
Myosins are motor proteins that are involved in muscle contraction and other motility processes in eukaryotes. It is a fibrous protein present in the muscle cells as contractile filaments. It converts chemical energy to mechanical energy.
It is found in all body cells but is particularly found in abundance in the muscle cells as myofibrils. The muscles that contain actin and myosin are skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles.
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The fruiting body found above ground in fungi is called the
A. cap.
B. hyphae.
C. mycelium.
Answers
Answer:
fruiting body is called cap
The mycelium is the fruiting body found above ground in fungi.
The pileus is the technical name for the cap, or cap-like part, of a basidiocarp or ascocarp (fungal fruiting body) that supports a spore-bearing surface, the hymenium.
A hypha is a long, branching, filamentous structure of a fungus, oomycete, or actinobacterium. In most fungi, hyphae are the main mode of vegetative growth, and are collectively called a mycelium.
A mycelium is a network of fungal threads or hyphae. Mycelia often grow underground but can also thrive in other places such as rotting tree trunks. A single spore can develop into a mycelium. The fruiting bodies of fungi, such as mushrooms, can sprout from a mycelium.
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What type of cell is shown in the diagram above? Explain your answer.
Answers
Answer:
Plant Cell
Explanation:
It is shaped like a rectangle and has a huge vacuole which is the biggest thing in a plant cell. Your welcome :)
A researcher who is studying the behavior of lions interacting with zebras is interested in what level of ecology
Answers
A researcher studying the behavior of lions interacting with zebras would be interested in the ecological level known as the community or the ecosystem level.
At the community level, the researcher would be investigating the interactions between lions and zebras as part of a larger community of organisms within their shared habitat. This includes understanding how predation by lions influences the behavior and population dynamics of zebras, and how the presence of zebras affects the hunting strategies and social structure of lion prides.
At the ecosystem level, the researcher would be examining the broader ecological context in which lions and zebras coexist. This involves studying the interactions between the lion-zebra interaction and other species and environmental factors within the ecosystem. For example, the researcher might investigate how the presence of lions and zebras affects the vegetation dynamics, nutrient cycling, and overall biodiversity of the ecosystem.
By studying these ecological levels, the researcher can gain insights into the intricate relationships between lions and zebras, their impacts on the community and ecosystem, and the ecological processes that shape their behavior and interactions.
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What is 14.48 to the nearest 0.1
Answers
Answer:
14.50
Explanation:
if your trying to find the nearest 0.1 and the number is 14.48 you need to round it by the number next to it and that is 14.48, if the number is greater than 5 you round up, and 8 is greater than 5. Meaning you round 4 up meaning its 5. Making the total number, 14.50.
Cow fur is intertied in a co-dominant pattern. If a Roan Cow (red and white hair) is crossed with a red haired cow, what are the chances that there will be an offspring with only red hair?
Question 7 options:
Answers
Answer:
50%
Explanation:
Try punnett squares. Say red and white is RW, and red haired is RR.
R R
R RR RR
W RW RW
Now this isn't the most neat punnett square but it works.
Answer:
h
Explanation:
the distribution of na ions across a typical biological membrane is 10 mmol dm−3 inside the cell and 140 mmol dm−3 outside the cell. at equilibrium the concentrations are equal. what is the gibbs energy difference across the membrane at 37°c? the difference in concentration must be sustained by coupling to reactions that have at least that difference of gibbs energy.
Answers
The Gibbs energy difference across a membrane can be calculated using the Nernst equation. The Nernst equation relates the Gibbs energy difference (ΔG) to the concentration difference (ΔC) of ions across a membrane at a given temperature (T):
ΔG = (RT/zF) * ln(ΔC)
where:
- ΔG is the Gibbs energy difference
- R is the gas constant (8.314 J/(mol*K))
- T is the temperature in Kelvin (37°C = 310 K)
- z is the charge of the ion (Na+ has a charge of +1)
- F is the Faraday constant (96,485 C/mol)
In this case, the concentration difference (ΔC) is the difference between the outside and inside concentrations of Na+ ions, which is 140 mmol dm−3 - 10 mmol dm−3 = 130 mmol dm−3.
Substituting the values into the equation, we get:
ΔG = (8.314 J/(mol*K) * 310 K / (1 * 96,485 C/mol)) * ln(130 mmol dm−3)
Simplifying the equation gives us the value of the Gibbs energy difference (ΔG) across the membrane.
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What is a likely consequence of a mutation that prevents apoptosis?
A - tumor
B - a loss of amino acids
C - a lack of cell division
D - a reduction in chromosome number
Answers
Answer: I think it’s A if not than b
Explanation:
Since the process apoptosis deals with Cells , only the likely to affected is cancer and mutations can cause a tumor but also it will be the lack of proteins which includes animo acids not sure tho .
Mutation is defined as the alteration of the genetic sequence of an organism due to environmental factors, replication errors, or adaptations.
The correct answer is:
Option A. Tumor
Mutation can lead to:
The mutation is the change in the genes, which can lead to disorders or any illness. The functions of the body and other molecules can be altered, and therefore can be inherited from parent to offspring. Apoptosis is defined as the programmed death of the cells. During the replication, some cells have errors, therefore, they undergo apoptosis to prevent replication of errored genes.Thus, the mutation in the gene controlling the apoptosis will eventually lead to uncontrolled growth of cells leading to tumors or cancer.
Therefore, option A is correct.
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organic chem need help
Of the following, which correctly uses curved arrows to display a possible step in a radical mechanism?
Answers
The correct answer that uses curved arrows to display a possible step in a radical mechanism is the fourth option, which shows a curved arrow from a bond to a radical: Option 4:
Explanation: Curved arrows are used to display the movement of an electron pair or a single electron in organic chemistry reactions. Radical mechanisms involve the formation of a radical intermediate and the subsequent reaction of the radical with another molecule.
In this type of mechanism, single electrons are involved, and therefore, curved arrows are used to represent the movement of a single electron.
correct way to draw a curved arrow in a radical mechanism is to start from the location of the single electron and show its movement to the location of the new bond that it forms.
For example, in option 4, the curved arrow starts from the single electron in the carbon radical and ends at the bond between carbon and hydrogen. This indicates the movement of the single electron from the radical to the hydrogen atom, forming a new bond.
Therefore, option 4 is the correct answer that uses curved arrows to display a possible step in a radical mechanism.
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A microorganism which releases water into its environment to regulate its salinity during osmosis is undergoing a process that is similar to a human being who releases moisture on a hot day. This process that helps keep both the microorganism and the human body fluids in balance is known as -
f cell division
g mutation
h homeostasis
j heredity
20 points !
Answers
process that helps keep both the microorganism and the human body fluids in balance is known as homeostasis
What is homeostasis?Homeostasis is the ability of an organism to maintain a steady and balanced internal environment in spite of changes in the external environment. This is accomplished using a variety of physiological and behavioral mechanisms that collaborate to control and maintain the balance of the body's numerous systems and processes.
Temperature regulation, fluid balance, pH balancing, and blood sugar regulation are a few examples of homeostatic processes. For an organism to survive, it must maintain homeostasis because it enables efficient functioning and controlled responses to environmental changes.
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1. Frequenices for
HH:________
Hh:________
hh:________
Answers
Answer:HH: 0.01
Hh: 0.74
hh: 0.16
Explanation:
Which process is part of translation but not transcription?
A DNA template is used to create an mRNA strand.
A tRNA template is used to create a DNA strand.
A tRNA template is used to create an mRNA strand.
An mRNA template is used to create an amino acid chain.
Answers
Answer:
An mRNA template is used to create an amino acid chain.
Explanation:
Transcription is the process where new mRNA is created from DNA. Translation, however, is the process of creating proteins by using mRNA as a template. Proteins are made up of amino acids often in the form of an amino acid chain.
The process that is part of translation but not transcription is "mRNA template is used to create an amino acid chain"
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS:
Protein synthesis is the process that synthesizes amino acid sequence (protein) from genes. The process involves two steps namely: transcription and translation. Transcription is the process whereby a DNA molecule is used to synthesize a mRNA molecule in the nucleus of the cell. Translation is the process whereby the mRNA transcript is used to synthesize an amino acid sequence in the ribosome. Therefore, the process that is part of translation but not transcription is "mRNA template is used to create an amino acid chain"Learn more at: https://brainly.com/question/11390351?referrer=searchResults
some proteins will become denatured when they are adsorbed to the surface of fat droplets (emulsions) or air bubbles (foams). what is the origin of this effect? select one answer.
Answers
The origin of the denaturation of proteins when adsorbed to the surface of fat droplets or air bubbles is due to the disruption of the protein's native structure and loss of its functional properties.
Proteins have a specific three-dimensional structure that determines their function. When proteins come into contact with fat droplets or air bubbles, they can become adsorbed to the surface. The interface between the protein and the surface is not conducive to maintaining the protein's native structure, leading to a disruption of the protein's structure and the loss of its functional properties. This denaturation of the protein can also result in aggregation or precipitation of the protein, which can further affect its functionality. Therefore, it is important to consider the interactions between proteins and surfaces in various applications, such as food processing, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
When proteins are adsorbed to surfaces like fat droplets or air bubbles, they experience a change in their environment, leading to altered interactions between the amino acids in the protein. This change in interactions can cause the protein to lose its native conformation and become denatured. Protein denaturation at the surface of emulsions or foams can be caused by factors such as changes in pH, temperature, or hydrophobic interactions with the surface. This denaturation can alter the protein's function and affect the stability of the emulsion or foam.
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Which would best be described as abiotic?
water in a stream
Ofish in a stream
O bacteria in the soil
roots in the soil
Answers
Match the TECHNOLOGY with the EXAMPLES below.
1) Inserting a gene to allow a diabetic to produce insulin.
2) A man's pays a lab to
recreate his deceased dog from tissue samples.
3) Breeding corn plants that are resistant to disease and drought.
4) Using a virus to insert a gene that allows monkeys to see in color. 1. GENE THERAPY 2. CLONING 3. GMOs
Answers
Answer:
( Inserting a gene to allow a diabetic to produce insulin.) and (Using a virus to insert a gene that allows monkeys to see in color.) are both gene therapy
the corn plants one is GMO's
and the dog one is cloning
Complete these sentences by matching the phrases below.
Scientists
recreate early
conditions of the
universe using
?
the Doppler effect
The speed of
stars can be
measured using
?
cosmic microwave
background radiation.
The prevailing
idea about the
beginning of the
universe is
called:
12
particle accelerators
The heat left
over from the
beginning of the
universe is:
the Big Bang theory
Ii
Answers
Answer:
Start from the basics
Explanation:
A physics theory called the Big Bang event explains how the cosmos grew from a highly dense and hot starting condition. The evolution of the visible universe from the oldest known times through its succeeding large-scale form is explained by several numerical solutions of the Big Bang.
According to scientists, the universe started with every last bit of energy compressed into a single, minuscule point. The explosion from this incredibly dense point created matter and propelled it outward to form the galaxies that make up our vast universe.
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Why is bronze considered an alloy?
Bronze can be shaped to make tools.
Bronze has been used by people for millennia.
Bronze is a hard, golden-brown metal.
Bronze is made of the metals copper and tin.
Answers
Answer:
D. bronze is made of metals copper and tin.
Explanation:
an alloy is a material that is a mixture of two or more metals
At which of the following times in the respiratorycycle is the intrapleural pressure most negative?A.just after the beginning of inhalation (inspiration)B.just before the end of inhalationC.just after the beginning of exhalation (expiration)D.just before the end of exhalationE.any of the above, since the intrapleural pressure isconstant during the normal respiratory cycle
Answers
The intrapleural pressure is most negative just before the end of exhalation.
The pressure inside the pleural cavity is referred to as intrapleural pressure in physiology. When the pressure inside the pleural cavity is normally just a little bit lower than the surrounding pressure, it is classified as negative pressure.
When the pleural cavity is torn or ruptured and the intrapleural pressure increases above the surrounding pressure, pneumothorax may ensue.
Different from intrathoracic pressure is intrapleural pressure. The pleural space only encompasses the region between the parietal and visceral pleura around the lungs, whereas the thoracic cavity also contains the lungs, heart, and pleura.
The ventilation stage, ambient pressure, and the size of the intrapleural cavity all influence intrapleural pressure.
There is a negative intrapleural pressure when at rest. The lungs enlarge as a result of the transpulmonary pressure this produces.
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Se podría afirmar que las aletas anteriores de las ballenas se pueden comparar con estructuras similares de organismos terrestres?
Answers
Answer:
Las aletas de una ballena y el brazo de un hombre son un ejemplo de órganos homólogos, porque la estructura ósea de las aletas de una ballena es parecida (homóloga) a la estructura ósea de nuestros brazos, debido a que ambas proceden del mismo origen embrionario pero se han modificado para desempeñar funciones ...
Innate defenses include mechanical and chemical barriers, whereas adaptive defenses counter specific disease-causing agents.
True or False
Answers
what is the function of chromoplast
Answers
• Describe the arteries (including specific regions of the aorta) that blood would travel through on its way from the heart into the lower limbs • Describe the pressure differences between the lun
Answers
The arterial system comprises of arteries that are blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood from the heart to other body organs. The heart has two main arteries: the aorta and the pulmonary artery.
The aorta, which is the largest artery in the body, carries oxygenated blood to different regions of the body, including the lower limbs.The aorta is divided into several regions, and each region supplies blood to different regions of the body. The following are the regions of the aorta:Ascending aortaArch of the aortaDescending thoracic aortaAbdominal aortaArteries that supply the lower limbs arise from the abdominal aorta. Specifically, the common iliac arteries arise from the abdominal aorta, and these arteries divide to form the external and internal iliac arteries. The internal iliac arteries supply the pelvic region, while the external iliac arteries supply the lower limbs.
The pressure in the left side of the heart is higher compared to that of the right side of the heart. This is because the left side of the heart pumps blood to the systemic circulation, while the right side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs.The pressure in the aorta is high, and it ranges between 120 mmHg to 80 mmHg during diastole. Blood pressure decreases as blood flows into the arterioles and capillaries due to the resistance offered by these vessels. In the lungs, the pulmonary arterial pressure is lower compared to the systemic arterial pressure. The pressure in the pulmonary arteries ranges between 15 mmHg to 30 mmHg. During exercise, the pulmonary arterial pressure may increase, but it never exceeds the systemic arterial pressure.
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4. Describe Lamarckian and Darwinian ideas about Evolution, and highlight the key differences between them. 5 marks
Answers
Lamarckian and Darwinian ideas about evolution differ in their explanations for how species change over time. Lamarckism proposes that acquired characteristics can be inherited, while Darwinism emphasizes natural selection and variation as driving forces of evolution.
Lamarckian and Darwinian ideas about evolution have fundamental differences in their explanations:
Lamarckism, proposed by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, suggests that acquired characteristics during an organism's lifetime can be passed on to the next generation. Lamarck argued that organisms change in response to their environment and these changes are then inherited. For example, if a giraffe stretched its neck to reach higher leaves, its offspring would inherit a longer neck.
On the other hand, Darwinism, formulated by Charles Darwin, centers around natural selection and variation. Darwin proposed that organisms with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing those advantageous traits to subsequent generations. This process, known as "survival of the fittest," leads to the gradual accumulation of beneficial traits in a population over time.
The key differences between Lamarckism and Darwinism are:
1. Inheritance of acquired characteristics: Lamarckism suggests it is possible, while Darwinism rejects this idea.
2. Mechanism of change: Lamarckism proposes that organisms change in response to the environment, while Darwinism emphasizes natural selection acting on variations already present in a population.
3. Timescale: Lamarckism implies rapid and continuous change, while Darwinism allows for gradual and cumulative changes over long periods of time.
In summary, Lamarckian evolution focuses on the inheritance of acquired characteristics, while Darwinian evolution emphasizes natural selection and the accumulation of beneficial variations over time. Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection is widely accepted and forms the basis of modern evolutionary biology.
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Gregor thinks that anthills are wider when the ground is muddy. he created the table below. is his investigation a scientific experiment
Answers
In the case above, His investigation is scientific but it is not an experiment because he does not manipulate variables.
What is the investigation?In controlled research, an experiment usually includes the manipulation of variables to respect the happening belongings. However, not all controlled studies need to be experiments.
In Gregor's case, if he is not maneuvering variables but alternatively making remarks and illustration ends based on those notes, welcome review can still be thought-out scientific, but not an experiment.
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See text below
Gregor thinks that anthills are wider when the ground is muddy. He creates the following table. Is Gregor’s investigation a scientific experiment?
His investigation is scientific but it is not an experiment because he does not manipulate variables.
His investigation is a scientific experiment because he is taking measurements to confirm a hypothesis.
His investigation is not scientific but it is an experiment because he is comparing evidence of multiple observations.
His investigation is not scientific and it is not an experiment because he is just making observations.
why were respiratory organs, similar to lungs or gills, not seen on any of the earthworm slides?
Answers
When examining earthworm slides, you will not see any specialized respiratory organs because the earthworm relies on its skin for gas exchange.
Earthworms do not have respiratory organs like lungs or gills because they breathe through their skin. Earthworms belong to a group of animals called annelids, which are characterized by their segmented bodies. Each segment of an earthworm's body has tiny hair-like structures called setae, which help the worm move and also aid in respiration.
Earthworms breathe through their skin using a process called diffusion. Oxygen from the air diffuses through the earthworm's moist skin and into its bloodstream, while carbon dioxide produced by the worm's cells diffuses out through the skin and into the surrounding environment.
Therefore, when examining earthworm slides, you will not see any specialized respiratory organs because the earthworm relies on its skin for gas exchange. Instead, you may see structures such as the digestive tract, reproductive organs, and nerve cords.
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Can any one help plzzzz :(
Answers
both have visible nuclei.
mark me brainloest pls :))
What phase of the moon does this image represent?
Answers
Answer:
Waxing Quarter
Explanation:
Which of the following is not a physical property of iron?
Answers
Answer:,
Explanation:,
fitness trade-off refers to selection favoring which genotype?
Answers
The genotype favored by selection depends on the specific environmental conditions and the trade-offs associated with different traits. Natural selection acts to maximize the fitness of individuals in their particular environment.
In evolutionary biology, fitness trade-off refers to the concept that natural selection may favor certain traits or characteristics in an organism's genotype while simultaneously disadvantaging other traits. This trade-off occurs because resources and energy available for an organism are limited, and investing more in one trait may come at the expense of investing in another.
For example, in the context of reproduction, an organism may allocate more energy and resources towards producing a large number of offspring, resulting in higher reproductive fitness. However, this investment may come at the cost of individual survival or parental care, which could reduce the survival fitness of the organism.
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8.why is it important that weak forces, not strong forces, mediate biomolecular recognition? how do hydrophobic interactions drive formation of protein structures?
Answers
Answer:
Biomolecular interactions are mediated by weak forces because these forces are more easily reversed or modified allowing for more dynamic systems. Hydrophobic interactions drive protein structure formation because nonpolar side chains must be "buried" away from the water and polar side chains can reside on the surface, allowing water to remain as disordered as possible.
Explanation:
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