What are the 5 conditions required for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
Answers
The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a theoretical concept in population genetics that describes a stable and unchanging frequency of alleles in a population over time. The following five conditions must be met for the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium to hold true:
1. No mutation: The allele frequencies in the population must not change due to mutations.
2. No migration: The population must be isolated and not receive new individuals from other populations.
3. No natural selection: The environment must not favor one genotype over another, and all genotypes must have equal fitness.
4. Random mating: Mating between individuals must be completely random, with no preference for specific genotypes or phenotypes.
5. Large population: The population must be large enough that chance events, such as genetic drift, do not significantly alter the allele frequencies.
If these conditions are met, the frequencies of alleles and genotypes in the population will remain constant from one generation to the next, and the population will be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
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Related Questions
What is the best description
of a mechanical wave?
A. A mechanical wave transfers energy through matter.
B. A mechanical wave transfers energy through empty
space.
C. A mechanical wave has many vibrations.
Answers
Answer: I think its A? im not completely sure though!!
Explanation:
What do you understand by the terms radial node and nodal plane, as applied to AO wavefunctions? Illustrate your answer using the 2s and 2p AOs. Explain why radial nodes arise from the radial part of the wavefunction, whereas nodal planes arise from the angular part of the wavefunction
Answers
In the context of atomic orbital (AO) wavefunctions, the terms "radial node" and "nodal plane" refer to different aspects of the wavefunction's behavior.
A radial node is a region in the AO wavefunction where the probability of finding an electron is zero along the radial direction. In other words, it represents a spherical shell where the electron is unlikely to be found. The number of radial nodes is determined by the principal quantum number (n) of the orbital. For example, the 2s orbital has one radial node, while the 2p orbital has no radial nodes.
On the other hand, a nodal plane is a flat plane within the AO wavefunction where the probability of finding an electron is zero along a particular direction. It represents a surface that divides the orbital into two regions of opposite phases. The number of nodal planes is determined by the angular quantum numbers (l and m) of the orbital. For example, the 2s orbital has no nodal planes, while the 2p orbital has one nodal plane (the xz or yz plane).
Radial nodes arise from the radial part of the wavefunction because they depend on the distance from the nucleus. The radial part determines the distribution of the electron density as a function of distance, and the nodes correspond to regions where the density drops to zero.
On the other hand, nodal planes arise from the angular part of the wavefunction because they depend on the orientation and shape of the orbital. The angular part describes the angular distribution of the electron density around the nucleus, and the nodal planes correspond to regions where the phase of the wavefunction changes sign.
In summary, radial nodes are related to the distance from the nucleus and arise from the radial part of the wavefunction, while nodal planes are related to the orientation and shape of the orbital and arise from the angular part of the wavefunction. The 2s orbital has one radial node and no nodal planes, while the 2p orbital has no radial nodes and one nodal plane.
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WILL MARK BRAINLIEST FOR CORRECT ANSWER
Continue reading from Ruby Bridges’s autobiography.
We drove down North Galvez Street to the point where it crosses Alvar. I remember looking out of the car as we pulled up to the Frantz school. There were barricades and people shouting and policemen everywhere. I thought maybe it was Mardi Gras, the carnival that takes place in New Orleans every year. Mardi Gras was always noisy.
As we walked through the crowd, I didn’t see any faces. I guess that’s because I wasn’t very tall and I was surrounded by the marshals. People yelled and threw things. I could see the school building, and it looked bigger and nicer than my old school. When we climbed the high steps to the front door, there were policemen in uniforms at the top. The policemen at the door and the crowd behind us made me think this was an important place.
It must be college, I thought to myself.
–Through My Eyes,
Ruby Bridges
What evidence in the text supports the idea that Bridges did not realize the significance of her first day? Check all that apply.
“I remember looking out of the car as we pulled up to the Frantz school.”
“I thought maybe it was Mardi Gras.”
“As we walked through the crowd, I didn’t see any faces.”
“[The school] looked bigger and nicer than my old school.”
“The crowd behind us made me think this was an important place.”
“It must be college, I thought to myself.”
Answers
Answer: I remember looking out of the car as we pulled up to the Frantz school.”
“I thought maybe it was Mardi Gras.”
“As we walked through the crowd, I didn’t see any faces.”
“[The school] looked bigger and nicer than my old school.”
“The crowd behind us made me think this was an important place.”
“It must be college, I thought to myself.
Explanation:
“I thought maybe it was Mardi Gras.”
“[The school] looked bigger and nicer than my old school.”
“It must be college, I thought to myself.”
When calculating specific heat, what does the variable 'Q'
represent?
A. Mass
B. Specific heat capacity
C. Latent heat
D. Thermal energy
Answers
Answer:
D.) Thermal energy
Explanation:
I got it correct on founders edtell
the distribution coefficient between methylene chloride and water for solute y is 11. an amount of 50.0 g of y is dissolved in 250 ml of water. a) what weight of y would be removed from water with a single extraction with 250-ml of methylene chloride? show calculations and report to 1 decimal place. copyright 2021. govindarajoo, g. rutgers, the state university of new jersey. all rights reserved. b) what weight of y would be removed from water (the original solution) with two successive extractions with 125-ml portions each of methylene chloride? show calculations and report to 1 decimal place.
Answers
Using the distribution coefficient, we can calculate the masses removed from water: a) 45.8 g; b) 48.8 g.
If the distribution coefficient between DCM (methylene chloride) and water is 11, that means that the concentration in DCM is 11 times greater than the concentration in water.
a) When equal volumes of the solvents are used, the amount of the solute in DCM (A) will be 11 times greater than the amount of solute remaining in water (B).
A + B = 50.0 g
A = 11 B
11 B + B = 50.0 g
12 B = 50.0 g
B = 50.0 g / 12
B = 4.17 g
A = 11 * 4.2 g
A = 45.8 g
b) Because the solvent volumes are not the same, we have to use concentrations. We can still label the mass of Y in DCM as A, and the mass of Y in water as B. After a single extraction with 125 mL of DCM we get:
A₁ + B₁ = 50.0 g
(A₁ / 125 mL) / (B₁ / 250 mL) = 11
2 A₁ / B₁ = 11
A₁ = 11 B₁ / 2
A₁ = 5.5 B₁
5.5 B₁ + B₁ = 50.0 g
6.5 B₁ = 50.0 g
B₁ = 50.0 g / 6.5
B₁ = 7.7 g
So, after the first extraction, 7.7 g of Y has remained in water. That means that for the second extraction:
A₂ + B₂ = 7.7 g
A₂= 5.5 B₂
5.5 B₂ + B₂ = 7.7 g
6.5 B₂ = 7.7 g
B₁ = 7.7 g / 6.5
B₁ = 1.2 g
After the second extraction, only 1.2 g of Y has remained in water, while 50.0 g - 1.2 g = 48.8 g of Y was removed from water.
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What mineral is used in paint and roofing, is nonmetallic, has cleavage, and a hardness of 2?
Answers
Answer:
Muscovite is the mineral
What is the volume of one nanocontainer?
Answers
The volume of one nanocontainer is the amount of space it can hold. To find the volume, you need to know the dimensions of the nanocontainer.
If the nanocontainer is a regular shape, such as a cube or a cylinder, you can use the appropriate formula to calculate the volume. For example, the volume of a cube is found by multiplying the length, width, and height of the cube. If the nanocontainer is an irregular shape, you can use water displacement to find the volume. Here's how it works:
1. Fill a graduated cylinder with a known volume of water.
2. Carefully place the nanocontainer into the cylinder, making sure it is fully submerged.
3. Measure the new volume of the water in the graduated cylinder.
4. The difference between the initial and final volume is the volume of the nanocontainer.
Remember to record your measurements accurately to get an accurate volume.
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The substance oxidized causes the other substance to be reduced and is called the:.
Answers
Answer:
Reducingagent
Explanation:
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Tori
Tokyo, Japan is 8817.6 km from california. How many milimeters is this? Answer in scientific notation.
Answers
Hope this helps!
If you have a piece of gold that has a mass of 1.87 kg, what is the mass of gold in g?
Answers
mass of gold = 1.87 kg x 1000 = 1870 g
The total number of calcium atoms in the expression 3 cos 2 shown in the equation 3 CaCl 2 +2Na 3 PO 4 Ca(PO 4 ) 2 +6 NaCl is:
Answers
Answer:
\(C\)Explanation:
Here, we want to calculate the percentage composition of the compound formed when oxygen reacts with iron
We have the equation of reaction as follows:
\(4Fe_{(s)}\text{ + }3O_{2(g)}\text{ }\rightarrow\text{ }2Fe_2O_{3(s)}\)The compound formed is Fe2O3
Now, let us get its percentage composition
The molar mass of the compound is 160 g/mol
The atomic mass of iron is 56 amu
The atomic mass of oxygen is 16 amu
Now, let us get the percentage composition:
\(\begin{gathered} \text{Iron = }\frac{2\times56}{160}\text{ }\times\text{ 100 \% = }70\text{ \%} \\ \\ \text{Oxygen = }\frac{3\times16}{160}\text{ = 30\% } \end{gathered}\)The closest here is thus the option C
20 mL of a gas at 200K is heated until the new volume is 55 mL. What is the final temperature of the gas?
answer options:
4.0 K
5.5 K
400K
550 K
Answers
Answer:
550 K
Explanation:
Given the following data;
Original Volume, V1 = 20mL
Original Temperature, T1 = 200K
New Temperature, V2 = 55mL
To find new temperature T2, we would use Charles' law.
Charles states that when the pressure of an ideal gas is kept constant, the volume of the gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas.
Mathematically, Charles is given by;
\( VT = K\)
\( \frac{V1}{T1} = \frac{V2}{T2}\)
Making T2 the subject of formula, we have;
\(T_{2} = \frac{V2}{V1} * T_{1}\\\)
Substituting into the equation;
\(T_{2} = \frac{55}{20} * 200\\T_{2} = \frac{11000}{20}\\T_{2} = 550K\)
Therefore, the new temperature is 550K.
PLEASE HELP ASAP
which is a primary consumer?
Picture shown above
Answers
zooplankton cod and krill
Using the correct number of significant figures, determine the mass of 2.3 mol of silver (Ag).Group of answer choices250.0 g248.097 g250 g300 g248.1 g248.0969 g
Answers
Answer
250 g
Procedure
\(2.3\text{ mol Ag}\frac{107.87\text{ g}}{1\text{ mol}}=248.101\)Using 2 significant figures we have that
248.1 = 250 g
for elements in groups 13-18, the number of valence electron is____.
Ten more than their group number
Equal to their group number
unrelated to their group number
ten less than their group number
Answers
Answer:
-5 electron
hope its correct
what is a property of every mixture
Answers
The property of every mixture is right response is D)One substance can be separated from another through physical means.
A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are physically merged or mingled without losing their own identities.This indicates that the combination does not alter chemically and can be physically separated (like filtration). It may contain molecules that are solid, liquid, or gaseous.Homogeneous mixtures (having a consistent composition, so that every sample will have the same attribute) and heterogeneous mixtures are the two main categories of mixtures ( non uniform composition that is not every sample will have same property).As a result, D) is a characteristic of every blend.To learn more about mixture visit:
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I have an object with a mass of 14g and a volume of 2 mL. What is the density of the object?
Answers
D= 14/7
D= 2 g/mL
7g/mL
Explanation:Density is a measure of mass per volume.
Density Formula
The density formula is \(\displaystyle D=\frac{m}{V}\) where m is the mass in grams (g) and V is the volume in milliliters (mL). The way I learned the formula was that the m over the V looks like a heart when written out.
We can plug the mass and volume we were given to solve for density.
D = \(\frac{14g}{2mL}\)\(\frac{14}{2}\) equals 7. So, the density must be 7 grams per milliliter (g/mL).
Density Units
The units for density are important. You will not get the correct answer if you do not include your units. There are multiple ways to express density, but it is most common to have g/mL.
Additionally, density should always have the volume measurement in the denominator. This means that density will never be written in mL/g.
Ea for the following uncatalyzed reaction is . Ea for the same reaction when catalyzed is .
(a) What is the ratio of the rate constant for the catalyzed reaction to that for the uncatalyzed reaction at ? Assume that the frequency factor is the same for each reaction
Answers
The ratio of the rate constant for the catalyzed reaction to that for the uncatalyzed reaction can be determined based on the activation energies of the reactions.
What is the ratio of the rate constants?The ratio of the rate constant for the catalyzed reaction (k_cat) to that for the uncatalyzed reaction (k_uncat) can be calculated using the Arrhenius equation:
\(\[ \frac{k_{cat}}{k_{uncat}} = \frac{e^{-\frac{E_{a,cat}}{RT}}}{e^{-\frac{E_{a,uncat}}{RT}}} \]\)
Where Ea,cat is the activation energy for the catalyzed reaction, Ea,uncat is the activation energy for the uncatalyzed reaction, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
Assuming that the frequency factor (A) is the same for both reactions, it cancels out when calculating the ratio. Therefore, the ratio of the rate constants is solely dependent on the activation energies.
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Would water boil at Huntington Beach or at Big Bear. (hint, Huntington beach is at sea level, Big Bear is 6700 ft above sea level) Assume the amount of water and the air temperature are the same in both locations. Explain your answer in detail!
Answers
What is the most important solid to living thing
Answers
A major accident risk in the ammonia plant is explosions and fires. In the event of an emergency, the synthesis gas used to produce H₂ for the ammonia production is channelled to a combustion unit to be burned off in a controlled manner to eliminate the risk of explosion and fire. The synthesis gas at 500°C that contain 6.4% CO₂, 0.2% 02, 40.0% CO, 50.8% H₂ and the balance is N₂ is burned with 40% excess air which is at 25°C. The composition of the flue gas which is at 720°C is 13.0 % CO2, 14.3% H₂O, 67.6% N₂ and 5.1% O₂. Calculate the amount of heat must be withdrawn from the unit per mole of feed.
Answers
The amount of heat that must be withdrawn from the unit per mole of feed is 312.58 kJ.
To calculate the amount of heat that must be withdrawn, we need to determine the enthalpy change for each component in the process. The enthalpy change can be calculated using the heat capacities and temperature differences.
First, we need to calculate the enthalpy change for the combustion of the synthesis gas. The reaction can be represented as:
CO + 0.5O₂ + 1.5N₂ + 2H₂ → CO₂ + 1.5N₂ + H₂O
The enthalpy change for this reaction can be calculated using the heat of formation values for the compounds involved. In this case, we assume the heat of formation values are constant and independent of temperature.
Next, we calculate the enthalpy change for the combustion of the excess air. The reaction can be represented as:
1.2O₂ + 3.6N₂ → 3.6N₂
Again, we use the heat of formation values to calculate the enthalpy change.
Finally, we subtract the enthalpy change for the combustion of the excess air from the enthalpy change for the combustion of the synthesis gas to determine the net enthalpy change for the process.
The enthalpy change for the synthesis gas combustion is 1969.68 kJ/mol, and the enthalpy change for the excess air combustion is -1776.76 kJ/mol.
Therefore, the net enthalpy change per mole of feed is 1969.68 kJ/mol - 1776.76 kJ/mol = 192.92 kJ/mol.
Since 40% excess air is used, the net enthalpy change per mole of feed is multiplied by 0.4 to account for the excess air: 0.4 * 192.92 kJ/mol = 77.17 kJ/mol.
The amount of heat that must be withdrawn from the unit per mole of feed is 77.17 kJ/mol, or approximately 312.58 kJ when rounded to two decimal places.
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According to Banquo, the King "Sent forth great largess to your offices." What
gift does King Duncan bring for Lady Macbeth?
Answers
Answer:
Diamond
Explanation:
The answer is gotten from Act 2, Scene 1 of the play by Shakespeare titled "Macbeth". In this scene, we see that Banquo met Macbeth late in the night where they had a profound conversation about the gift of diamond which king Duncan had given to Banquo to deliver to Macbeth.
How does an emerging idea differ from scientific consensus? Which best describes emerging scientific ideas?
Answers
Emerging scientific ideas are new theories or ideas that are gaining attention in the scientific community, but have not yet been fully accepted or confirmed.
Emerging ideas refer to the new and innovative ideas or theories that have yet to gain full scientific acceptance. While a scientific consensus is a view or theory that has been universally accepted and confirmed by multiple experiments or research, an emerging scientific idea is a new and unproven theory or idea that is gaining attention in the scientific community. These emerging ideas may also be referred to as scientific hypotheses. In contrast to scientific consensus, emerging scientific ideas have not yet been subjected to rigorous testing and confirmation.
They are generally proposed to explain new observations or experimental results, which have not yet been fully understood or explained by established scientific theories. Emerging scientific ideas can have the potential to challenge the current scientific consensus. If an emerging scientific idea is found to be valid, it can ultimately lead to the establishment of a new scientific consensus. For example, the emerging scientific idea of the Higgs boson particle led to the discovery of a new field in particle physics, which is now an established scientific consensus.
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Someone pls help me I will make you Brainly
Only D
Answers
Answer:
The height of the water balloon at 14 seconds would still be zero unless an outside force acts on it, ie. throws or raises it up.
Pls help me I don’t know how to do this
Answers
Explanation:
We have a 63.9 g sample of calcium hydroxide. First we have to convert those grams into moles. To do that we have to use the molar mass of calcium hydroxide.
Calcium hydroxide = Ca(OH)₂
molar mass of Ca = 40.08 g/mol
molar mass of O = 16.00 g/mol
molar mass of H = 1.01 g/mol
molar mass of Ca(OH)₂ = 1 * 40.08 g/mol + 2 * 16.00 g/mol + 2 * 1.01 g/mol
molar mass of Ca(OH)₂ = 74.10 g/mol
mass of Ca(OH)₂ = 63.9 g
moles of Ca(OH)₂ = 63.9 g /(74.10 g/mol)
moles of Ca(OH)₂ = 0.862 moles
In 1 molecule of Ca we have 2 atoms of O. So in 1 mol of Ca(OH)₂ we will have 2 moles of O atoms.
1 mol of Ca(OH)₂ = 2 moles of O atoms
moles of O atoms = 0.862 moles of Ca(OH)₂ * 2 moles of O /1 mol of Ca(OH)₂
moles of O atoms = 1.724 moles
One mol is similar to a dozen. When we say that we need a dozen eggs we know that we need 12 eggs. If we want a mol of eggs, we want 6.022*10^23 eggs. So one mol of something is 6.022 * 10^23 of that.
1 mol of O atoms = 6.022 * 10^23 atoms
n° of O atoms = 1.724 moles * 6.022 * 10^23 atoms/1 mol
n° of O atoms = 1.04 * 10^24 atoms
Answer: In a 63.9 g sample of Ca(OH)₂ we have 1.04 *10^24 atoms of oxygen.
What is the Molarity (M) if you have dissolved 25 grams of NaCl (Molar Mass = 58.5 g/mol) in 250 milliliters of H2O?
Answers
The molarity of the NaCl if 25 grams of solute is dissolved in 250 milliliters of water is 1.71M.
How to calculate molarity?The molarity of a solution refers to the concentration of a substance in solution, expressed as the number of moles of solute per litre of solution.
The molarity of a solution can be calculated by using the following formula;
Molarity = no of moles ÷ volume
According to this question, 25 grams of NaCl solute is dissolved in 250mL of water (solvent). The molarity can be calculated as follows:
Molarity = (25g ÷ 58.5g/mol) ÷ 0.250L
Molarity = 1.71M
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The pH of a saturated solution of chromium (III) hydroxide is 8.56. a. Calculate the molar concentration of hydroxide ion in the solution. b. Write the equation for the dissociation of chromium (III) hydroxide in water and the corresponding Ks expression. c. Calculate the value of Ksp for chromium (III) hydroxide. d. Calculate the molar concentration of chromium ions at pH=8.11.
Answers
a. The molar concentration of hydroxide ion in the solution is 10^(-5.44) mol/L.
b. Cr(OH)3(s) ⇌ Cr3+(aq) + 3OH-(aq)
c. Ksp = [Cr3+][OH-]^3
Consider the equilibrium reaction for the dissociation of chromium (III) hydroxide in water and the expression for the solubility product constant (Ksp). Let's go step by step.
a. Calculate the molar concentration of hydroxide ion in the solution:
Since the pH of the solution is given, we can calculate the concentration of hydroxide ion ([OH-]) using the equation:
pOH = 14 - pH
pOH = 14 - 8.56 = 5.44
[OH-] = 10^(-pOH) = 10^(-5.44) mol/L
b. Write the equation for the dissociation of chromium (III) hydroxide in water and the corresponding Ksp expression:
The dissociation of chromium (III) hydroxide can be represented by the following equation:
Cr(OH)3(s) ⇌ Cr3+(aq) + 3OH-(aq)
The Ksp expression for chromium (III) hydroxide is:
Ksp = [Cr3+][OH-]^3
c. Calculate the value of Ksp for chromium (III) hydroxide:
To determine the value of Ksp, we need the concentration of the hydroxide ion ([OH-]) from part a. Since the concentration of chromium ions ([Cr3+]) is not provided, we cannot directly calculate Ksp without additional information.
d. Calculate the molar concentration of chromium ions at pH = 8.11:
To calculate the concentration of chromium ions ([Cr3+]), we need to know the equilibrium concentration of hydroxide ions ([OH-]) and use the Ksp expression. However, we don't have the concentration of [OH-] at pH 8.11, so we cannot calculate the molar concentration of chromium ions without additional information.
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How has genetic modification most likely affected the safety and availability of fruits and vegetables?
Answers
Answer:
Genetic modification most likely affected the safety and availability of fruits and vegetables by potentially causing infertility, immune problems, and allergic reactions.
Explain why people are building green roofs to live healthier lives.
Answers
Answer:
Green roofs help reduce the Urban Heat Island Effect, a condition in which urban environment absorb and trap heat. A green roof's plants remove air particulates produce oxygen and provide shade. Another important benefit of green roofs is their ability to reduce and slow stormwater runoff in urban environment.
A student has an unknown organism under a microscope. The organism was found in a local pond. He observes that the sample organism is a prokaryote. To what kingdom does the organism belong?
Answers
Answer:
Eubacteria
Explanation:
The two prokaryotic kingdoms are Eubacteria and Archaea. A prokaryote is a relatively simple single-celled organism;