The yeast cell Saccharomyces cerevisiae is moved from an environment containing oxygen to an entirely oxygen-free environment. What type of metabolic changes/ reactions will occur in the yeast cell? Describe your answer within two to three sentences
Answers
In the absence of oxygen, Saccharomyces cerevisiae will switch from aerobic respiration to anaerobic fermentation, producing ethanol and carbon dioxide as byproducts. This metabolic shift will result in decreased ATP production, but the yeast will still be able to generate energy to sustain its survival.
When a yeast cell such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae is moved from an environment containing oxygen to an entirely oxygen-free environment, it will undergo a metabolic shift from aerobic respiration to anaerobic fermentation.
Aerobic respiration is a process that requires oxygen and occurs in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells, including yeast cells. During aerobic respiration, glucose is broken down in a series of reactions to produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the primary energy source of the cell. Carbon dioxide and water are also produced as byproducts.
In the absence of oxygen, yeast cells cannot perform aerobic respiration and must rely on anaerobic fermentation for energy production. During fermentation, glucose is broken down into pyruvate in a process called glycolysis, which occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell. Unlike aerobic respiration, fermentation does not require oxygen.
In yeast cells, pyruvate is then converted to ethanol and carbon dioxide in a process called alcoholic fermentation. This process regenerates the coenzyme NAD+ that is needed for glycolysis to continue and produces ATP as well. However, unlike aerobic respiration, the production of ATP during fermentation is relatively inefficient.
As a result of this metabolic shift, the yeast cell will produce less ATP, and the byproducts of fermentation, such as ethanol and carbon dioxide, will accumulate in the cell and its environment. In addition, the cell's metabolic rate will decrease since fermentation is less efficient than aerobic respiration.
Overall, when the yeast cell Saccharomyces cerevisiae is moved from an environment containing oxygen to an entirely oxygen-free environment, it will undergo a metabolic shift from aerobic respiration to anaerobic fermentation to produce energy.
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Related Questions
Which sequence represents the levels of biological organization from smallest to largest?
Answers
The sequence that represents the levels of biological organization from smallest to largest is Option D. Organelle -> cell -> tissue -> organ -> organ system -> organism.
PROFILE OF THE ORGANIZATION:
Living things, or biological creatures, are by their very nature complicated. They are composed of smaller structures, though, which combine to create their intricacy.Although the cell is the fundamental building block of life, various structures within the cell known as organelles are in charge of particular tasks that are essential to the operation of the cell.TISSUES are groups of cells with related activities.
Organized tissue is arranged into tissues. The ORGAN SYSTEM is a collection of organs that have similar functions.A system of organs collectively constitutes an ORGANISM.Therefore, the sequence that represents the levels of biological organization from smallest to largest is: Organelle → cell → tissue → organ → organ system → organism.
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Complete question is:
Which sequence represents the levels of biological organization from smallest to largest?
A. Organism -> cell ->tissue -> organelle-> organ system -> organ
B. Organ system -> organ -> organism -> cell -> tissue -> organelle
C. Organelle-> organ system -> cell -> organism -> tissue -> organ
D. Organelle -> cell -> tissue -> organ -> organ system -> organism
what bone in the human body is not connected to another
Answers
hyoid bone is not connected to the any other
pls help asap What process is depicted (shown) in this image?
noun
Answers
Genes contain specific instructions for how to make(1 point)
carbon.
nucleotides.
gametes.
proteins.
Epigenetic changes are generally(1 point)
not heritable changes in gene structure of a population.
not heritable genetic changes that are specific to an individual.
heritable genetic changes that are due to environmental factors.
heritable changes in gene frequency of a population.
Meiosis produces(1 point)
hydrogen molecules.
skin cells.
DNA molecules.
gamete cells.
Which environmental factor will most likely increase the possibility of mutations in the Escherichia coli in the human body?(1 point)
eating dessert daily
a very stressful experience
drinking bottled water regularly
exposure to extreme heat
Changes to body cells affect(1 point)
gene activity.
cell division.
individuals.
offspring.
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Genes contain specific instructions for how to make proteins within the body.
Epigenetic changes are generally heritable genetic changes that are due to environmental factors, which work by turning genes that already exist in the body 'on' or 'off' depending on these factors.
Meiosis produces gamete cells. This is usually a total of 4 gamete cells which are all part of producing everything required in the reproductive process.
exposure to extreme heat is probably the most likely cause of mutation for E. Coli as it needs a steady 36–40°C for survival.
Changes to body cells affect cell division. This is because genetic mutations cause cells that are designed for normal cell growth to greatly increase which can throw the system off and cause many problems.
1. Proteins
2. Heritable genetic changes that are due to environmental factors
3. Gamete cells
4. Exposure to extreme heat
5. Individuals
You will get 100% using these:)
Wich elephant (left or right) has both the largest ed and smallest fragments
Answers
Answer:
A giant african elephant
Explanation:
Question 7 (1 point)
Which structure in the illustration contains the cell's genetic information?
Answers
Answer:
its the nucleus
Explanation:
Answer:
B
Explanation:
The chromatin in the nucleus of the cell contains DNA
What is the name of the jelly-like substance that is inside the cell?
Answers
Answer:
Cytosol
Explanation:
Hope this helps!
Answer:
Cytoplasm
Explanation:
I can tell you what cytoplasm is...
It's the material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus.
Look at the four eukaryotes shown below.
Which of the organisms is likely to be multicellular?
I. protozoan
II. mushroom
III. tree
IV. cat
A. I and II only
B. II, III, and IV only
C. I, II, III, and IV
D. III and IV only
Answers
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Because 2 3 and 4 are multicellular
How are trees agents of mechanical weathering?
Practice
A
Growing tree roots physically break apart rock.
B
Tree roots secrete a lot of acids that react with minerals in the rock.
C
Trees cause chemical reactions to take place altering the soil and rock nearby.
D
Trees do not cause rocks to weather.
Answers
Growing tree roots physically break apart rock are the tree agents of mechanical weathering. So, the correct option is (A).
What is Mechanical Weathering?Mechanical weathering is also called physical weathering in which a large rock breaks down into smaller pieces of rocks. When rocks decompose or break down without experiencing any change in their chemical composition, it is known as mechanical weathering.
There are 3 Mechanical Weathering Processes which break down rocks
Frost wedging.Exfoliation.Biological activityThe roots of a plant grow into a crack in a rock. When these roots grow, they open the crack. Burrowing animals can also cause weathering. The animal may break the rock to dig for food or make a hole to live in.
Thus, growing tree roots physically break apart rock are the tree agents of mechanical weathering. So, the correct option is (A).
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recognize the various arrangements and composition patterns found in stems and leaves (alternate, opposite, whorled, distichous, decussate).
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Stems and leaves have a variety of arrangements and composition patterns such as alternate, opposite, whorled, decussate, and distichous phyllotaxy.
Different arrangements and patterns of stems and leaves:
Stems and leaves show different arrangements and composition patterns. These are listed below:
Alternate: Alternate phyllotaxy is a common pattern in which a single leaf occurs at each node. It occurs when successive leaves are rotated 90 degrees, concerning each other, from node to node.
Opposite: Opposite phyllotaxy is a pattern in which two leaves are produced at each node. The leaves on the stem are situated opposite to each other, and they are typically at right angles to the leaves above and below them on the stem.
Whorled: Whorled phyllotaxy is a pattern in which three or more leaves are produced at each node. When two leaves occur at a node, they are opposite in arrangement, and when three or more leaves occur at a node, they are often arranged in a whorl.
Decussate: Decussate phyllotaxy is a pattern in which each successive pair of leaves is at right angles to the previous pair, with each leaf located above the base of the previous leaf in the pattern. The leaves alternate with one another in the same plane.
Distichous: Distichous phyllotaxy is a pattern in which leaves are arranged in a single plane on opposite sides of the stem. Each leaf is located at a right angle to the previous leaf, with the leaves on one side of the stem located in a different plane than those on the other side.
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What global circulation cell most strongly affects the weather
and climate and Vancouver, British Columbia?
Select one:
a. Ferrel cell
b. Polar cell
c. Trade winds
d. Polar high
e. Hadley cell
Answers
describe two ways the body prevents the entry of organisms
ASAP!!!!
Answers
1. Physical barriers: The first line of defense against the entry of organisms is physical barriers such as the skin, mucous membranes, and hair. The skin is a tough, waterproof layer that provides a physical barrier to prevent the entry of microorganisms. Mucous membranes lining the respiratory, digestive, and reproductive tracts also act as physical barriers by secreting mucus that traps microorganisms and prevents them from entering the body. Hair in the nose and ears also helps to filter out pathogens.
2. Immune system: The immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against invading microorganisms. When a pathogen breaches the physical barriers, specialized immune cells called white blood cells are activated to identify and destroy the pathogen. These cells can produce antibodies that recognize and neutralize specific pathogens. Additionally, the immune system can produce inflammation, which can create an unfavorable environment for microorganisms to grow and replicate, further preventing their entry into the body.
2 : skin creates a barrier that microorganisms can’t not enter thought
the rna content in a cell a. includes both coding mrna and several types of non-coding rna b. includes only coding mrna c. includes only mrna and trna d. is restricted to mrna
Answers
The RNA content in a cell includes both coding mRNA and several types of non-coding RNA. So the correct answer is option A.
RNA is a molecule with numerous functions in living cells, its most well-known function is as a messenger between DNA and ribosomes, which translates the genetic information contained in DNA into proteins. RNA is one of the most important substances in a cell, and it is involved in a variety of processes. A variety of types of RNA are present in cells.
Messenger RNA (mRNA) is the most well-known type of RNA, which is utilized during transcription to transmit genetic information from DNA to ribosomes.Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is another type of RNA. This group of RNAs lacks the capacity to encode proteins and is involved in a variety of non-protein-coding cellular functions.Learn more about RNA: https://brainly.com/question/28073947
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what roles do condensation (dehydration) synthesis and hydrolysis play in formation of monosaccharides and disaccharides?
Answers
Answer:
Which functional groups are associated with a dehydration reaction?
Terms in this set (8)
Methyl Group. — CH3.
Carbonxyl Group. —COOH.
Phosphate Group. —OPO3-2.
Carbonyl group. C=O.
Hydroxyl Group. —OH.
Amino Group. —NH2.
Dehydration Reaction. -a chemical reaction in which two molecules become covalently bonded to each other with the removal of a water molecule.
Hydrolysis.
How can loss of biodiversity affect human health?
A. New sources of medicines can be gained.
B. Replacement species can be created.
C. Crucial natural food sources can be lost.
D. Resilience to change can increase.
Answers
Answer:
C. Crucial natural food sources can be lost.
Explanation:
internet
explain the difference between anterior and posterior dentition in terms of:a the teeth that comprise each of them.b the general function of each of them.
Answers
A. Teeth that comprise anterior and posterior dentition:
1. Anterior dentition: Anterior dentition refers to the teeth that are located in the front of the mouth, including the incisors and canines. Incisors are the four front teeth in the upper and lower jaw, while canines are the sharp, pointy teeth located next to the incisors.
2. Posterior dentition: Posterior dentition refers to the teeth that are located in the back of the mouth, including the premolars and molars. Premolars are located between the canines and molars, while molars are the largest teeth in the mouth, located at the back of the jaw.
B. General function of anterior and posterior dentition:
1. Anterior dentition: The primary function of anterior dentition is to cut and tear food. Incisors have sharp edges that are ideal for biting off pieces of food, while canines are used to tear into tougher foods like meat.
2. Posterior dentition: The primary function of posterior dentition is to grind and crush food. Premolars and molars have flat surfaces that are ideal for grinding food into smaller pieces, making it easier to swallow and digest.
In summary, anterior dentition includes the front teeth, incisors, and canines, which are used to cut and tear food. Posterior dentition includes the back teeth, premolars, and molars, which are used to grind and crush food. Understanding the differences between anterior and posterior dentition can help with proper dental care and maintenance of oral health.
State TWO characteristics that the respiratory surface used for gaseous exchange in human beings has in common with the respiratory surface used in flowering plants . Explain how EACH characteristic makes the respiratory surface suitable for gaseous exchange .
Answers
Answer:
Those gases can only cross cell membranes when they are dissolved in water or an aqueous solution, thus respiratory surfaces must be moist.
Respiratory surfaces in both human beings and plants have several characteristics that are peculiar and similar to each other. There are some requirements to be met for gaseous exchange to occur.
Two characteristics that the respiratory surface used for gaseous exchange in human beings has in common with the respiratory surface used in flowering plants include ---
1. Respiratory surface must be thin and allow for rapid diffusion.
2. These surfaces must be in contact with air or fluid.
Respiratory surfaces in plant living cells in the stem are organized in thin layers close to the surface.Their loose packing ensures air spaces where they are in close contact with the airflow either in or out. In humans, the respiratory surface is thin allowing for rapid diffusion of oxygen in and CO₂ out. They are also always in contact with the bloodLearn more: https://brainly.com/question/9128660
How do you explain how to come up with a hypothesis in one to two sentences?
Answers
Answer:
spend some time doing background research. Once you have completed a literature review, start thinking about potential questions you still have.
Explanation:
Answer: A hypothesis is an educated guess and is a minimum of two sentences. Do not use the words “I think”. The hypothesis can be written using the “If . . . then . . .” format. ... Include a second sentence using background information to support your hypothesis.
A bumblebee carries pollen from the male portion of a plant to the female portion of the same flower. Fertilization occurs. Which statement is true about this type of reproduction?
A.
It’s asexual, and the offspring are genetically identical to the parents
B.
It’s sexual, and the offspring are genetically identical to the parents.
C.
It’s asexual, and the offspring are genetically different from the parents.
D.
It’s sexual, and the offspri
Answers
Answer:
U R (A)sexual
Explanation:
If you see my dear, the answer will be A because it is not sexual (just like you lol) the offspring will be genetically similar to the parent, which you probably are not, you are adopted :)
single-strand-binding proteins are necessary for: group of answer choices identifying nucleotides initiating dna replication all of these polymerizing dna priming dna inhibiting double-helix formation
Answers
Answer:
Single-strand-binding proteins are necessary for inhibiting double-helix formation. They prevent the separated single strands of DNA from coming back together and forming a double helix before replication or repair can occur.
What is organic matter that contains stored energy
called?
Answers
Answer:
Biomass is an organic matter that cointains stored energy,
Extra stuff reguarding the answer:
such as animals waste, crops, wood, seaweed
Answer:
biomass energy
Explanation:
an organic matter used as an energy source
Help me out with this question
Answers
Answer:
the answer is B, hope this helps
Explanation:
Sensorineural hearing loss may be related to: Group of answer choices Foreign bodies Perforated tympanic membrane Impacted cerumen Gradual nerve degeneration
Answers
Sensorineural hearing loss may be related to gradual nerve degeneration.
Sensorineural hearing loss is a type of hearing loss that occurs due to damage to the inner ear or the auditory nerve that transmits sound from the inner ear to the brain. This type of hearing loss is usually permanent and cannot be corrected with medications or surgery.
Gradual nerve degeneration is one of the most common causes of sensorineural hearing loss. It occurs when the hair cells in the inner ear, which are responsible for transmitting sound signals to the auditory nerve, become damaged or die off over time.
This can be caused by a variety of factors, such as aging, exposure to loud noises, certain medications, and diseases such as Meniere's disease.
Foreign bodies, perforated tympanic membrane, and impacted cerumen (earwax) are more likely to cause conductive hearing loss, which occurs when sound waves are blocked or cannot be transmitted effectively through the outer or middle ear.
This type of hearing loss can often be corrected with medications, surgery, or the removal of the foreign body or impacted cerumen.
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Which observation would be evidence for allopatric speciation among finch species of the Galápagos Islands? a. specific beak sizes are adaptations to the seeds of different plant species b. Precipitation varies dramatically between El Niño and La Niña years, which affects the type of vegetation on each island differently c. no pairs of sister species evolved on the same island the birds are closely related to birds found on the South American mainland d. many different finch species are found on the islands, as well as many different microenvironments
Answers
The observation that would be evidence for allopatric speciation among finch species of the Galápagos Islands is "no pairs of sister species evolved on the same island, the birds are closely related to birds found on the South American mainland". The correct answer is option c.
The Galápagos Islands is known for the diversity of the species that it contains. This is primarily due to allopatric speciation.
Allopatric speciation is the formation of new species as a result of geographic isolation from the main population. In other words, it is the division of a population into two separate subgroups due to physical, geographic, or some other barrier, which can lead to the development of a new species.
For example, in the case of Galapagos finches, each island's finch populations have undergone unique changes to become suited to their particular environment.
The finch species found on the Galápagos Islands are an excellent example of allopatric speciation. Darwin's Finches are the most famous of all of these bird species. The beaks of these birds vary depending on the food source available on their respective island.
Moreover, according to scientists, all of these species of finches have evolved from a single ancestor species from the mainland of South America. No pairs of sister species have evolved on the same island, which is an observation that can provide evidence for allopatric speciation among finch species of the Galápagos Islands.
Therefore option c is the correct answer.
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What are the 4 main digestive enzymes?.
Answers
The 4 main digestive enzymes are
Amylase : This is synthesized in the mouth and pancreas. It used to breaks down complex carbohydrates.
Lipase : This is synthesized in the pancreas. It is used to breaks down fats.
Protease : This is synthesized in the pancreas. It is used to breaks down proteins.
Sucrase : This is synthesized in the pancreas. It is used to breaks down sucrose.
Enzymes are biological polymers that catalyze biochemical reactions, according to this definition. In the body, enzymes trigger chemical processes. Enzymes are involved in digestion, muscular growth, and the breakdown of food particles. Enzymes actually speed up chemical reactions that support life. Important bodily processes are carried out with the aid of enzymes.
Hence, the main digestive enzymes are catalyze biochemical reactions.
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Select the correct answer. Anna’s mother prepares sauerkraut, a fermented dish made from finely cut cabbage and salt. Lactobacillus bacteria present on the surface of the cabbage combine with salt to turn the cabbage into a crunchy, sour dish. What chemical process occurs to create this dish? A. alcoholic fermentation B. cellular respiration C. conservation D. lactic acid fermentation E. photosynthesis
Answers
Answer:
The answer is D!
Explanation:
This dish is actually called fermented cabbage. Hence the process of lactic acid fermentation. I also took the test. Good Luck!
Hope this will help :)
The chemical process that occurs to create this dish is lactic acid fermentation. The correct option is D.
What is lactic acid fermentation?Lactic acid fermentation is a metabolic process which basically transforms glucose or other six-carbon sugars into cellular energy and the lactate metabolite, which is lactic acid in solution.
In the absence of oxygen, lactic acid fermentation produces ATP by converting glucose to lactic acid. Making lactic acid from pyruvate oxidizes NADH, regenerating NAD+ and allowing glycolysis to produce more ATP more quickly.
Lactobacillus bacteria on the surface will aid in the breakdown of the carbohydrate or sugar present in cabbage, converting it into acid, which is responsible for the dish's sour taste. Lactic acid fermentation is the chemical process that creates this dish.
Thus, the correct option is D.
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The father a star is away from earth, the more it is
Answers
Answer- red shifted
The farther a star is from Earth, it will be more red shifted. Hope it helps!
identify the physiologic action that results from the administration of venodilators such as nitroglycerin and isosorbide dinitrate.
Answers
The administration of venodilators such as nitroglycerin and isosorbide dinitrate results in the physiologic action of venous dilation.
Venodilators primarily act on the smooth muscle lining the walls of veins, causing them to relax and dilate. This dilation leads to an increase in the capacity and compliance of the veins, allowing them to hold a larger volume of blood. As a result, venous dilation reduces venous return, or the amount of blood returning to the heart, which subsequently decreases preload—the amount of blood stretching the ventricles of the heart during diastole.
By reducing preload, venodilators help to decrease the workload on the heart. This has several beneficial effects:
1. Decreased Cardiac Oxygen Demand: The reduced preload leads to a decreased ventricular filling pressure, which in turn decreases the demand for oxygen by the heart muscle. This can be particularly beneficial in conditions such as angina, where there is an inadequate oxygen supply to the heart.
2. Decreased Cardiac Work: With reduced preload, the heart has to pump less blood with each contraction. This decreases the work of the heart and can be advantageous in conditions like heart failure, where the heart is already weakened.
3. Peripheral Venous Pooling: Venodilators can promote the pooling of blood in the peripheral veins, which reduces the amount of blood returning to the heart and can help alleviate symptoms associated with venous congestion, such as swelling in the legs or pulmonary edema.
Overall, the administration of venodilators, such as nitroglycerin and isosorbide dinitrate, results in venous dilation, reducing preload and decreasing the workload on the heart.
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Please answer quick and correctly
Answers
Answer:
b
Explanation:
What procedure utilizes leukapheresis to collect the buffy coat from whole blood?
A. Photopheresis
B. Plasmapheresis
C. Therapeutic apheresis
D. Erythrocytapheresis
Answers
A. Photopheresis utilizes leukapheresis to collect the buffy coat from whole blood.
Photopheresis is a medical procedure that uses leukapheresis to collect the buffy coat, which is the layer of white blood cells, from whole blood. The collected buffy coat is then exposed to ultraviolet light and re-infused back into the patient's bloodstream.
The purpose of this procedure is to treat various skin disorders, such as cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, by modifying the immune system. Photopheresis is one type of therapeutic apheresis, which is a general term for procedures that remove blood components for therapeutic purposes.
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