The minimum amount of stimulation required to tell the difference between two stimuli is called the ________.
difference threshold
Answers
The difference threshold, also known as the just noticeable difference (JND), is the minimum amount of stimulation needed to detect a difference between two stimuli.
It is a measure of the sensitivity of the human sensory system to changes in stimulus intensity, pitch, color, or other attributes.
The difference threshold varies depending on the nature of the stimuli and the sensory modality involved. For example, the JND for weight is about 2% for a 1 kilogram object, while the JND for brightness is about 8% for a moderate level of illumination. The JND is also influenced by the context in which the stimuli are presented, such as the background noise level or the presence of other stimuli.
The ability to perceive small differences between stimuli is an important aspect of sensory processing, allowing us to detect changes in our environment and make fine discriminations between different sensory inputs.
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Related Questions
If the thymus shrank and stopped making hormones in a child, we would expect to see a decrease in the number of:___.
Answers
If the thymus shrank and stopped making hormones in a child, we would expect to see a decrease in the number of T lymphocytes
The immune system's T lymphocytes are formed from stem cells in the bone marrow. They may aid in the fight against cancer and protect the body from infection. also known as a thymocyte and a T cell. blood cell formation.
T lymphocytes, commonly known as T cells, are important elements of the adaptive immune system. Their functions involve destroying infected host cells directly, stimulating the activity of other immune cells, generating cytokines, and controlling the immune response. Recognition of a particular antigen conveyed by an antigen-presenting cell and a second co-stimulatory signal are both necessary for T lymphocyte activation.
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Which structure in these animals helps protect their internal body parts?
Answers
Answer:
The shell
Explanation:
The shell helps protect the internal body parts
Which of these statements about narrow sense heritability (h^2) is TRUE?
Group of answer choices
Narrow sense heritability includes only epistatic effects of alleles.
Narrow sense heritability can be estimated by comparing quantitative trait loci among offspring using regression.
The numerator of narrow sense heritability includes only the additive effects of alleles.
The numerator of narrow sense heritability includes additive, dominant, and epistatic gene effect
Answers
The statement that is true about narrow sense heritability is that the numerator of narrow sense heritability includes only the additive effects of alleles.
The narrow sense heritability (h²) measures the proportion of the total phenotypic variance that is caused by additive genetic variance. Narrow-sense heritability refers to the relative contribution of additive genetic variance to total phenotypic variance. This is used to determine how much of the phenotype is determined by the genetic differences between individuals and how much is determined by the environment. The numerator of narrow sense heritabilityThe numerator of narrow sense heritability includes only the additive effects of alleles. The additive genetic variance refers to the additive effects of alleles, which means that the variance is equal to the sum of the individual genetic effects. Therefore, the numerator of the narrow sense heritability equation is composed of only the additive genetic variance. The denominator of narrow sense heritabilityThe denominator of the narrow sense heritability equation includes both additive genetic variance and environmental variance. Therefore, the denominator includes all factors that contribute to the total phenotypic variance. The formula is as follows: h² = VA / (VA + VE)Where VA is the additive genetic variance and VE is the environmental variance. Therefore, narrow sense heritability can be defined as the ratio of additive genetic variance to total phenotypic variance.
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7. Where does translation take place?
Answers
Answer:
outside the nucleus in the cytoplasm
Explanation:
PLSSS HELP IF YOU TURLY KNOW THISS
Answers
Answer:its the fruit :D
Explanation:
Answer:
Fruit
Explanation:
It looks to be some sort of fruit, but not knowing what it could be, you could use deduction. We know it isn't the stem because the stem is the green parts connecting the roots to the leaves. We know it isn't a lead because, well, we all know what a leaf is. And it isn't a root because roots are the lines underground that collect water for the plant.
Which of the following is NOT true regarding cross-sectional studies? (2 points)
A. Good for generating hypotheses.
B. Not used for diseases that are rare or of short duration.
C. Permit the determination of population characteristics.
D. The temporal relationship between exposure and disease can be determined.
Answers
The temporal relationship between exposure and disease can be determined, option D is correct.
Cross-sectional studies are not suitable for determining the temporal relationship between exposure and disease. Cross-sectional studies provide a snapshot of data collected at a specific point in time, capturing information on both exposure and disease prevalence simultaneously. However, they do not follow individuals over time to establish a cause-and-effect relationship. Since cross-sectional studies collect data at a single time point, they cannot determine the sequence of events or whether exposure preceded the disease.
To establish temporal relationships, longitudinal studies are typically employed, where individuals are followed over time to assess exposures and track the development of diseases, allowing for better assessment of causality and temporal associations between exposure and outcome, option D is correct.
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Why is it important for the plasma (cell) membrane to be selectively permeable? responses it helps the cell to conserve and store energy. it helps the cell to conserve and store energy. it allows the cell to speed up reactions that take place inside the cell. it allows the cell to speed up reactions that take place inside the cell. it maintains homeostasis of the cell. it maintains homeostasis of the cell. it allows the cell to grow bigger.
Answers
The correct response is: "It maintains homeostasis of the cell." The selective permeability of the plasma membrane is vital for maintaining the internal environment of the cell in a balanced and stable state, known as homeostasis. option (3)
The plasma membrane controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell, allowing essential molecules, ions, and nutrients to enter while preventing harmful or unnecessary substances from freely entering or exiting.
This regulation ensures that the cell maintains the right concentrations of ions, nutrients, and molecules necessary for its proper functioning, while also removing waste products and maintaining an optimal internal environment. Option (3)
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Full Question: Why is it important for the plasma (cell) membrane to be selectively permeable? responses
it helps the cell to conserve and store energy. it allows the cell to speed up reactions that take place inside the cell. it maintains homeostasis of the cell. it allows the cell to grow bigger.Using your knowledge of the fluid mosaic model, explain how the membrane acts as a barrier to water-soluble molecules.
Answers
The outer hydrophilic surfaces allow membranes to be soluble in water, whilst the inner hydrophobic layer prevents most water-soluble chemicals and molecules from passing through.
What is fluid mosaic model?The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane's structure as a mosaic of components such as phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates that give the membrane its fluid character.
Cell membranes function as both barriers and gatekeepers. They are semi-permeable, which means that some molecules can pass through but others cannot.
Small hydrophobic molecules and gases, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, rapidly cross membranes.
Water-soluble substances are said to diffuse more slowly through cell membranes than lipid-soluble substances because the former encounter impedance in the hydrophobic region of the phospholipid bilayer.
Water molecules move through a cell membrane during osmosis, which occurs when water diffuses into a cell via a selectively permeable membrane process.
Thus, this way, the membrane acts as a barrier to water-soluble molecules.
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a blast produces a peak overpressure of 47,000 n/m2 . a. what fraction of structures will be damaged by exposure to this overpressure? b. what fraction of people exposed will die as a result of lung hemorrhage?
Answers
The level of damage caused by a blast depends on several factors, including the distance from the blast, the duration of the overpressure, and the strength of the structures or materials involved.
However, it is possible to provide some general information about blast injuries based on the peak overpressure of 47,000 N/m2.
At this level of overpressure, individuals who are within close proximity to the blast (i.e., within the "lethal radius") are likely to experience significant injuries, including trauma to the lungs, ears, and other internal organs. The severity of these injuries can vary depending on the individual's distance from the blast and other factors.
In terms of fatalities, the risk of death from a blast injury is also influenced by several factors, including the intensity and duration of the overpressure, the location of the individual relative to the blast, and the individual's health status and other demographic factors. Without more detailed information about the specific circumstances of the blast and the population at risk, it is not possible to estimate the fraction of people who would die as a result of lung hemorrhage.
Overall, blast injuries are complex and multifactorial, and their severity and impact depend on many different variables. It is important to take appropriate precautions to prevent exposure to blasts and to seek medical attention immediately if blast-related injuries occur.
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WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST. I need help filling this out
Answers
Answer:
i dont know man
Explanation:
lol
Focal depth/focal length/near zone length: is the distance from the transducer to the narrowest part of the beam (the focus).
Phased array: adjustable focus systems
With a fixed focus transducer, 2 factors combine to determine the focal depth
1. transducer diameter
2. frequency of the sound
Answers
Yes, that's correct. The focal depth, also known as the near zone length or depth of field, refers to the distance from the transducer to the narrowest point of the ultrasound beam, where the beam is most tightly focused.
This distance is determined by several factors, including the transducer diameter, the frequency of the sound waves, and the properties of the tissue being imaged.
Phased array systems are designed to have an adjustable focus, allowing the operator to control the depth of focus and improve image quality. In contrast, fixed focus transducers have a single, predetermined focus depth that is determined by the transducer diameter and frequency.
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Why is it a good idea for humans to create models of how populations are changing?
What do models help us do?
Answers
3 aboictic factors and there roles in the ecosystem
Answers
Answer:
The abiotic factors in an ecosystem include all the nonliving elements of the ecosystem. Air, soil or substrate, water, light, salinity and temperature all impact the living elements of an ecosystem. I WISH I HELP
Sedimentary rocks preserve ____.
A. the remains of organisms that lived on the earth's surface
B. a record of environments
C. fossils
D. the record of life
E. a record of events
AB. all of the above are preserved in sedimentary rock
Answers
Answer: AB. All of the above are preserved in sedimentary rock. Sedimentary rocks are formed by the accumulation of sediment, which may include the remains of organisms, minerals, and other materials. As a result, sedimentary rocks can preserve a wide range of information, including the remains of organisms, a record of past environments, fossils, the record of life, and a record of events.
Explanation:
photosynthesis and respiration are reciprocal processes that sustain the plant as an autonomous organism. using the chemical equations for both processes, explain why they are reciprocal.
Answers
Photosynthesis makes the glucose that is used in cellular respiration to make ATP.
The glucose needed to produce ATP during cellular respiration is produced through photosynthesis. The carbon dioxide utilized in photosynthesis is then produced from the glucose. While during photosynthesis water is broken down to create oxygen, during cellular respiration oxygen is mixed with hydrogen to create water. Cellular respiration uses oxygen and produces carbon dioxide, whereas photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide and releases oxygen. Us and the majority of other species utilize the released oxygen for cellular respiration. We take that oxygen in through our breath, and it travels through our blood to all of our cells. Oxygen enables cellular respiration to take place in our cells. With oxygen present, cellular respiration operates most efficiently. Much less ATP would be created without oxygen.
In photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6+ 6O2
In cellular Respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
Hence, both reaction are reciprocal of each other.
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I NEED HELP QUICK I HAVE OTHER WORK TO DO AND THIS IS MY FINAL GRADE Thanks Match each layer of the atmosphere with the appropriate description. (1 point)
Put responses in the correct input to answer the question. Select a response, navigate to the desired input and insert the response. Responses can be selected and inserted using the space bar, enter key, left mouse button or touchpad. Responses can also be moved by dragging with a mouse.
troposphere
stratosphere
exosphere
thermosphere
living things are protected from dangerous radiation
solar activity such as auroras occurs
the atmosphere is protected
almost all the weather occurs
Answers
Matching each layer of the atmosphere with the appropriate description:
Troposphere: Almost all the weather occurs
Stratosphere: The atmosphere is protected
Exosphere: Living things are protected from dangerous radiation
Thermosphere: Solar activity such as auroras occur
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the atmosphere, extending from the Earth's surface up to an altitude of about 7-20 kilometers. It is where weather phenomena, such as clouds, rain, and storms, take place. The troposphere is characterized by decreasing temperature with increasing altitude.
The stratosphere is located above the troposphere, extending from about 20 to 50 kilometers above the Earth's surface. In this layer, the concentration of ozone is higher, forming the ozone layer. The ozone layer plays a crucial role in absorbing harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the Sun, protecting life on Earth from the damaging effects of excessive UV radiation.
The exosphere is the outermost layer of the atmosphere, starting around 500 kilometers above the Earth's surface. It is a transitional region between Earth's atmosphere and outer space. In the exosphere, the atmosphere becomes extremely thin, consisting mainly of individual gas molecules and ions. This layer provides protection to living things from dangerous radiation, as the high altitude and low density of particles limit the absorption of harmful radiation.
The thermosphere is located above the mesosphere and extends up to about 600 kilometers or higher. It is characterized by high temperatures, reaching several thousand degrees Celsius, although the density of particles is very low. The thermosphere is where solar activity, such as the occurrence of auroras (northern and southern lights), takes place. The highly energetic particles from the Sun interact with the gases in this layer, resulting in the beautiful displays of auroras.
It's important to note that the layers of the atmosphere are not sharply defined boundaries but gradually transition into one another. The atmosphere is a complex system with interactions between the layers and various processes occurring throughout. Understanding the different layers and their characteristics helps us comprehend the dynamic nature of our atmosphere and its role in supporting life on Earth.
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What characteristics make a particular molecule organic? select the two answers that are correct.
Answers
Organic molecules are more complex than inorganic molecules. They generally have carbon hydrogen and carbon oxygen bonds.
What are organic molecules?Organic molecules generally have carbon, oxygen and hydrogen bonds. Organic chemistry is a branch of chemistry that deals with organic chemistry.
Organic molecules are compounds with complicated structures. Carbohydrates, lipids and proteins are some kind of organic molecules. Organic molecules are generally larger than inorganic molecules.
Carbon chain in organic molecules can be straight, branched or ring shaped. This compounds have some functional groups such as hydroxyl, methyl and carbonyl.
Therefore, Organic molecules are more complex than inorganic molecules. They generally have carbon hydrogen and carbon oxygen bonds.
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think of something that would make your life easier, anything from an automatic toothpaste dispenser to an awning that opens up when it senses rain, and imagine how you could actually create it. do you agree with massimo that the arduino makes microcontrollers and coding available to anyone, regardless of experience?
Answers
Yes, I agree with Massimo that Arduino makes microcontrollers and coding available to anyone, regardless of experience. Arduino is an open-source electronics platform that provides a user-friendly environment for creating and programming interactive projects.
It simplifies the process of hardware prototyping and allows individuals with little to no prior experience in electronics or programming to dive into the world of microcontrollers.
To create a helpful device like an automatic toothpaste dispenser, Arduino can be a valuable tool.
With Arduino, you can connect sensors, actuators, and other components to build a system that detects the presence of a toothbrush and dispenses an appropriate amount of toothpaste automatically.
Arduino's extensive library of pre-built functions and the availability of countless tutorials and examples online make it easier for beginners to understand and implement such projects.
Arduino's simplicity and versatility have contributed to its popularity among hobbyists, students, and professionals alike. It has democratized access to microcontroller technology and coding by providing an accessible platform that encourages creativity and innovation.
Whether it's creating automated home systems, robotics, or interactive artworks, Arduino opens up possibilities for individuals from diverse backgrounds to turn their ideas into reality.
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Pls help fast I need to turn this in for Hw
Answers
Answer:
b
Explanation:
that is the only positive potential characteristic listed.
Which statement describes the moment magnitude scale?
Answers
Answer:
It estimates the total energy released from an earthquake. It increases in magnitude as amount of damage increases. ... Which statement describes the moment magnitude scale? It measures only small earthquakes.
Explanation:
Answer:The moment magnitude scale is a scale that rates earthquakes by estimating the total energy released by an earthquake . Estimating the total amount of energy released, enables comparison of earthquakes more accurately.
Differentiate between endangered species and extinct species (1 point 2 examples)
Answers
Answer:
Endangered: Still around but at risk of going extinct (example: tiger)Extinct: Gone forever (example: wooly mammoth)Explanation:
An endangered species is one with a reduced population. These species can easily become extinct if all the remaining members die.
I'm always happy to help :)This image shows a volcanic eruption in Hawaii with lava flowing into the sea.
Which statement best describes this eruption?
Its magma is high in silica.
Its magma has low viscosity.
Its gases are released in rapid bursts.
Its lava came from an explosive eruption.
Answers
The last one is right answer i think
Which of the following organisms have existed on Earth for the longest period of time?
O single-celled organisms
O multicellular organisms
O dinosaurs
O mammals
Answers
Answer:
single-celled organisms
Explanation:
Answer:
cyanobacteria.. single celled organisms
current research suggests that these factors decrease the integrity of the immune system.
Answers
The factors that can decrease the integrity of the immune system, include poor diet and nutrition, lack of sleep, stress, lack of exercise, and exposure to toxins.
What is the immune system?
The immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from harmful pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi. It is composed of several different types of cells, including white blood cells, which are responsible for identifying and attacking foreign substances in the body.
What are the factors that can decrease the integrity of the immune system?
Several factors can decrease the integrity of the immune system, including:
1. Poor diet and nutrition: A diet that is low in essential nutrients like vitamins and minerals can weaken the immune system and make it less effective at fighting off infections.
2. Lack of sleep: Sleep is critical for the body to repair and regenerate, and a lack of sleep can lead to a weakened immune system.
3. Stress: Stress can suppress the immune system by causing the release of hormones that can decrease the production of white blood cells.
4. Lack of exercise: Regular exercise can boost the immune system by increasing blood flow, reducing inflammation, and promoting the production of white blood cells.
5. Exposure to toxins: Exposure to toxins like cigarette smoke, pollution, and chemicals can damage the immune system and make it less effective at fighting off infections.
Therefore, It is essential to take care of your immune system by eating a healthy diet, getting enough sleep, managing stress, exercising regularly, and avoiding exposure to toxins whenever possible.
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In what human body systems does this nematode reproduce?
Answers
i need help answering these questions
Answers
Answer: A
Explanation:
What most likely happens if water flows through a permeable soil layer and reaches a clay layer?
It dries up.
It soaks in.
It pools on top of the clay layer.
It flows down through the clay layer.
Answers
Answer:
It pools on top of the clay layer.
. Most of the matter in the universe: A. Exists within stars B. Is made when planets are formed C. Is unknown, called dark matter and energy D. Is blue-shifted
Answers
Answer:
B
Explanation:
is made when planet are formed
Anyone know the answer???
Answers
Answer:
what is the question
Explanation:
I does not know wnser
Sympathetic stimulation results in what effects in the kidney?
Answers
Renal vascular resistance, renin release, and tubular salt reabsorption are all increased when sympathetic nerves to the kidney are active.
Sympathetic stimulation :The sympathetic nervous system alters the cardiac output, peripheral vascular resistance, and renal function, all of which play significant roles in controlling arterial pressure under various circumstances. The system has a role in the pathogenesis of chronic arterial hypertension and is capable of significant acute pressor effects. Because of its limitless capacity to restore altered arterial pressure to its original level by increasing or decreasing water and electrolyte excretion in response to elevated or decreased systemic arterial pressure, the renal volume/pressure control system is regarded as dominating physiological long-term arterial pressure regulation.
Renal vascular resistance, renin release, and tubular salt reabsorption are all increased when sympathetic nerves to the kidney are active. By reversing the pressure-natriuresis curve, these acts contribute to long-term increases in arterial pressure. Renal sensory receptors provide signals that are transmitted by renal afferent neurons to the efferent sympathetic nervous system, which has an impact on the control of arterial pressure. The current paper's goal is to examine recent research that shows how the sympathetic nervous system and the kidneys interact in the pathophysiology of both experimental and real-world arterial hypertension.
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