The metabolic breakdown of glucose to pyruvate is known as.
Answers
The metabolic breakdown of glucose to pyruvate is known as glycolysis.
It is a metabolic pathway occurring in the cytoplasm of all living cells, this process is the first stage of cellular respiration and can take place without the presence of oxygen in anaerobic organisms. In eukaryotic cells, the energy derived from glycolysis is used to produce ATP, the universal energy currency of cells. The glycolytic pathway involves the breakdown of one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate.
In addition to pyruvate, the pathway also generates two molecules of ATP and two molecules of NADH, which are used later in the electron transport chain for ATP production. In the energy-investing stage, glucose is phosphorylated, and ATP is used to generate a high-energy intermediate. In the energy-harvesting stage, the high-energy intermediate is converted to pyruvate, and ATP and NADH are generated. The glycolytic pathway plays a critical role in cellular metabolism and is the starting point for other metabolic pathways. So therefore glycolysis is The metabolic breakdown of glucose to pyruvate.
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Related Questions
(7th grade question)
If you start with 100 g, how much do you have after 30 minutes?
Answers
Answer:
100 g? i dont understand, ill update answer if you explain
Introductory policy proposal for San Francisco
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San Francisco's hiring proposal is to provide employees with breastfeeding breaks and feeding areas.
Employees who regularly work eight or more hours per week in San Francisco are covered by the HCSO. For example, a worker who regularly works eight hours a week in January is a covered worker for the month, even if she has not worked for two months at the end of the quarter.
These supplements are not to be confused with the SF mandate where employees fund the health care of her over 20 corporate restaurant employees. Employer Mandate is the latest term for Healthy San Francisco. SF requires employers to provide health insurance to their employees. Some have chosen to charge a different fee to cover this as well as increase the prices on the menu sometimes a per person fee and sometimes a percentage of the bill.
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Which of these is a sexual stereotype?
Answers
Answer:
C is the answer
Explanation:
Answer:
If you mean sexual as in sex ( male & female ) then it'd be 1. If you mean it as in sexual sexual then C.
Explanation:
sorry the answer isn't clear, i dont know what the question implies with sexual.
What is mercury bioaccumulation? What are the main issues with that type of bioaccumulation?what organisms does it affect? What are the causes? What could humans do to prevent it?
Answers
Bioaccumulation is the total accumulation of certain chemicals/contaminants in an organism, coming from diverse sources such as water, air, and diet. Therefore the case of mercury occurs when mercury is accumulated in an organism, for example, fish. The most common pathway for this to happen is through the food chain, nonetheless can occur through abiotic means, an example is in fish, where methylmercury is acquired through the gills.
When methylmercury is absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract & enters the bloodstream and goes rapidly to other parts of the body.
Mercury is a persistent substance, which can bioaccumulate, in living organisms, inflicting increasing levels of harm on higher-order species such as predatory fish and fish-eating birds and mammals through a process known as "biomagnification"
The release of processed mercury can lead to a progressive increase in the amount of atmospheric mercury, which enters the atmospheric-soil-water distribution cycles where it can remain in circulation for years. Mercury poisoning is the result of exposure to mercury or mercury compounds resulting in various toxic effects depending on its chemical form and route of exposure.
The major route of human exposure to methylmercury (MeHg) is largely through eating contaminated fish, seafood, and wildlife that have been exposed to mercury through the ingestion of contaminated lower organisms.
King mackerel, marlin, orange roughy, shark, swordfish, tilefish, ahi tuna, and all contain high levels of mercury.
Human activity is the main cause of mercury release, especially coal-fired power stations, residential coal burning for heating and cooking, industrial processes, waste incinerators, and as a result of mining for mercury, gold, and other metals.
Reducing consumption of raw materials and products generating mercury releases
Substitution by non-mercury alternativesEnd-of-pipe techniquesWaste managementWhat is the best overall approach to reducing emissions?What further research and information are needed?National initiativesRegional and international initiativesTo learn more about mercury bioaccumulation visit,
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The epidermis in the thin skin contains ________ layer(s) and in the thick skin contains ________ layers.A) 1; 2B) 2; 3C) 3; 4D) 4; 5E) 5; 6
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The epidermis in the thin skin contains 1 layer and in the thick skin contains 2 layers. The correct answer is: A) 1; 2
In thin skin, the epidermis consists of only one layer called the stratum corneum. This layer is composed of dead, keratinized cells that provide a protective barrier for the underlying tissues.
In thick skin, such as the skin found on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet, the epidermis is thicker and contains an additional layer called the stratum lucidum.
The stratum lucidum is a translucent layer that is located between the stratum granulosum and the stratum corneum.
Therefore, thin skin has one layer (stratum corneum) in the epidermis, while thick skin has two layers (stratum lucidum and stratum corneum) in the epidermis.
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guys why is it important to know the three different type of rocks?? ( i need help please i have a 45 in this grade :(
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Rocks are classified into the three different types for easy identification.
What are rocks?Rocks are rigid structures in geology which are made up of various minerals such mica, halite, and calcites.
There are various types of rocks which include the following:
Igneous rocks: These are the rocks that are formed when molten magma cools from a volcanic eruption. The commin types of igneous rocks include:felsic, intermediate, mafic, and ultramafic.Sedimentary rocks: These are the types of rocks formed from deposition of mineral or organic materials. The common types of sedimentary rocks include: breccia, conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, and shale.Metamorphic rocks: These are the type of rocks formed when sedimentary or igneous rocks are being subjected to high pressure or high heat. The common types of metamorphic rocks include phyllite, schist, gneiss, quartzite and marble.The above classification is very important especially to geologists for easy identification of rock that are under study which can easily be differentiated through their various composition and texture.
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results from chemical reactions involving sunlight, air, exhaust, and
Ozone?
Answers
Why? - Composition of Photochemical Smog
NO2+hν→NO+O. This is a continual cycle that leads only to a temporary increase in net ozone production.
what can you infer about the pH of a stomach and an intestine? Justify your answer.
Answers
Answer:
The pH of a stomach is more acidic as the enzymes found in the stomach work best in acidic environments while enzymes in the intestines work better at a more neutral pH - like 6-7 depending on the intestine.
The stomach has a pH between 1.5 and 3.5 generally and this is due to the cells in the stomach releasing hydrochloric acid. The low pH is useful for “unraveling” proteins making them easier to digest and killing bacteria and other pathogens.
In the small intestine, the enzymes that "work" there need an alkaline pH in order to have optimum working conditions. Strong acids (like hydrochloric) can end up damaging the lining of your intestine.
The stomach has a lower pH (acidic) compared to the intestine (basic).
The pH of a solution indicates its level of acidity or alkalinity. A lower pH value indicates greater acidity, while a higher pH value indicates greater alkalinity or basicity. Based on this understanding, we can infer the following about the pH of the stomach and the intestine:
Stomach: The stomach is an organ responsible for food digestion. It secretes gastric juices containing hydrochloric acid (HCl) and enzymes that help break down food. The acidic environment of the stomach is essential for the activation of these enzymes and the breakdown of proteins. The pH of the stomach is typically around 1.5 to 3.5, making it highly acidic. This acidic environment aids in the initial stages of digestion.
Intestine: The intestine, specifically the small intestine, is where most of the digestion and nutrient absorption occur. After leaving the stomach, partially digested food enters the small intestine. The acidic chyme from the stomach needs to be neutralized to protect the intestinal lining and allow for efficient enzyme activity. The pancreas secretes bicarbonate ions to neutralize the chyme, raising the pH. The small intestine has a pH range of around 7 to 8, which is more alkaline or basic compared to the stomach.
In summary, the stomach has a lower pH (acidic) due to the presence of hydrochloric acid and the need for optimal protein digestion. The intestine has a higher pH (basic) due to the neutralization of stomach acid and the requirements of effective enzymatic activity and nutrient absorption. The pH difference between the stomach and intestine reflects the specialized functions of these digestive organs and how their environments are tailored to facilitate different stages of digestion and nutrient processing.
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a bone process or eye membrane disease term that means resembling a wing is ________:
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A bone process or eye membrane disease term that means resembling a wing is alar. Alar refers to a bony structure or an eye membrane that is shaped like a wing, typically with a broad base and a narrow tip.
The term alar is derived from the Latin word ala, meaning “wing.” It is commonly used to refer to the alar cartilages of the nose, which are two small triangular pieces of cartilage on either side of the nose that help give the nose its shape. Alar can also be used to describe certain eye membrane diseases, such as alar pannus, a type of corneal dystrophy.
Alar pannus is a degenerative eye condition in which the cornea becomes cloudy due to an accumulation of abnormal proteins. It is characterized by the presence of a grayish-white, fibrous membrane that resembles a wing. The membrane is formed due to the disruption of the basement membrane of the cornea, resulting in the accumulation of abnormal proteins. This causes the cornea to become cloudy and impair vision.
Aside from alar pannus, alar can also be used to describe the bone structure of the nasal septum, which is the wall of bone and cartilage that separates the nostrils. The nasal septum is composed of two alar processes, one on each side, which form the “wings” of the nose.
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A student was interested in comparing sunblock lotions, which contain
chemicals that protect the skin from sunburn. The student purchased three
different brands of lotion at three different prices and performed an
experiment to see which one best protected the skin. The lotions cost $3,
$5, and $7 for an 8-ounce bottle. The sun protection factor (SPF) was 30 for
all three lotions. The student applied equal amounts of each lotion next to
each other on one of her arms. The three areas covered by the lotions were
the same size. The student observed the three areas for color change after
two hours of Sun exposure. Identify one condition that were held constant
in this experiment. *
Answers
which microscope would be best to observe a living jellyfish
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The best microscope to observe a living jellyfish is the stereomicroscope.
As living jellyfish is mostly translucent, meaning light passes through them easily and they tend to be big, so in order to observe the detail on their surface, we need to use a stereomicroscope (also known as a dissection microscope). This microscope can be used to observe larger samples at a low magnification than other microscopes, and it allows for binocular (two-eyed) viewing. This is useful for observing the jellyfish in 3D, allowing us to view the structure and movement of the jellyfish and observe the characteristics of the live jellyfish.
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Which is NOT a homeostatic mechanism?
O fecal regulation
O water regulation
oxygen regulation
thermoregulation
Answers
Explanation:
To be precise, homeostasis is a process/phenomenon not a system. Homeostasis is actually the process of maintaining a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment. There are mechanisms in organisms that regulate pH and this regulation is an example of homeostasis.
How are soluble food molecules absorbed into the epithelial cells of the small intestine
Answers
Soluble food molecules are absorbed into the epithelial cells of the small intestine through the process of diffusion and active transport.
When you are jogging, your muscles are using more oxygen and releasing more carbon dioxide into the blood than when you are at home on the couch. Which of the following would occur during your jog?
A) The concentration of bicarbonate ions (HCO3-) in the blood would decrease.
B) The volume of the dead air space would decrease.
C) Blood pH would become more basic.
D) The medullary respiratory center would detect rising carbon dioxide levels.
Answers
Answer: The medullary respiratory center would detect rising carbon dioxide levels.
Explanation:
chalcone synthases (chss) are plant-specific polyketide synthases that appear to be ubiquitous in higher plants. they utilize coa-esters from the phenylpropanoid pathway and malonyl-coa to synthesize the chalcones that are the starting material for the biosynthesis of a large number of biologically important substances; their roles include flower colors, uv protection, defense against pathogens (phytoalexins), interaction with microorganisms, and fertility (in some plants
Answers
Chalcone synthases (CHSs) are enzymes found in plants that belong to the class of polyketide synthases (PKSs).
The synthesis of chalcones by CHSs involves the utilization of CoA-esters derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway, as well as malonyl-CoA. The phenylpropanoid pathway is a metabolic pathway that produces a variety of phenolic compounds involved in plant defense and development. The products of CHS-catalyzed reactions, chalcones, serve as precursors for the biosynthesis of several biologically significant compounds in plants. These compounds have diverse roles, including: Flower colors: Chalcones contribute to the pigmentation of flowers, playing a role in determining their colors. UV protection: Chalcones can act as UV-absorbing compounds, providing protection to plant tissues against damaging ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Defense against pathogens (phytoalexins): Chalcones are involved in the plant's defense mechanism against pathogens.
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The current genetic code evolved Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. Answer choices before the common ancestor of all extant life. after the common ancestor of all extant life but before eukaryotes split from the other domains of life. after eukaryotes split from other domains of life but before the split of multicellular animals and multicellular plants. after the split of multicellular animals and multicellular plants but before the common ancestor of chordates. after the common ancestor of chordates.
Answers
Answer:
before the common ancestor of all extant life.
Explanation:
Genetics can be defined as the scientific study of hereditary in living organisms such as humans, animals and plants.
Heredity refers to the transfer of traits (specific characteristics) from the parent of a living organism to her offspring through sexual reproduction or asexual production. Some examples of hereditary traits are dimples, tongue rolling, baldness, handedness, freckles, curly hair, color blindness, height, etc.
Basically, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is an organic complex-molecular structure found in all living organisms. It comprises of genes and is essentially the foundation block of all living organisms such as humans, animals and plants.
The current genetic code evolved before the common ancestor of all extant life i.e that are still in existence or alive.
plz it will help me alot
Answers
Answer:
Physical trauma, acute disease, chronic disease, infectious disease and emotional trauma.
Explanation:
Physical trauma, acute disease, chronic disease, infectious disease and emotional trauma are the ways from which health should be affected by happening of natural disasters such as earthquake and cyclones. We are able to predict the weather with the help of satellites that monitors the movement of clouds on the earth atmosphere. Advancement of technology is the main reason which enable us to predict the weather conditions as well as the coming of cyclones in a specific region.
Compare and Contrasts Biotic Factors and Abiotic Factors. What are they?
How are the alike.
How are the different?
Answers
Read pls I need answers
Answers
Any white blood cells which are not lymphocytes are best known as:
Nature Killer cells
O B-cells
Lymphoid cells
Myeloid cells
Please help
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
lymphoid vells
plant stem cell differentiation is affected by which two types of environmental factors
a) external
b) global
c) internal
d) local
Answers
Answer: a and c
Explanation: just took the test
is it likely that rna molecules functioned as ribozymes to synthesize dna from aminoacids, and that this role was reversed when dna became the information source?
Answers
RNA molecules do not synthesize DNA from amino acids, but they can serve as ribozymes in the reverse transcription of RNA to DNA, and they play a crucial role in protein synthesis as part of the ribosome.
The RNA molecule acts as a template for synthesizing DNA through reverse transcription, which is an RNA-dependent DNA synthesis reaction. RNA molecules may also serve as ribozymes in this scenario. Ribozymes are RNA molecules that function as enzymes, catalyzing various chemical reactions in the cell, just like enzymes made up of proteins. Some ribozymes can use RNA templates to synthesize new RNA molecules, while others can use RNA templates to synthesize DNA molecules.Since DNA contains genetic material and information, it became the primary source of genetic information in organisms, while RNA remained involved in catalyzing biochemical reactions. The RNA world hypothesis suggests that RNA preceded DNA in early life on Earth, serving both as genetic material and a catalyst for the formation of other molecules necessary for life.
The discovery of ribozymes has provided evidence that RNA may have played an even more prominent role in early life than previously thought. RNA molecules do not synthesize DNA from amino acids. Instead, ribosomes, which are made up of RNA and proteins, synthesize proteins from amino acids. RNA templates are used by ribosomes to direct the assembly of amino acids into the appropriate order to produce a functional protein. In summary, RNA molecules do not synthesize DNA from amino acids, but they can serve as ribozymes in the reverse transcription of RNA to DNA, and they play a crucial role in protein synthesis as part of the ribosome.
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An astronomer notices increased chances of solar energetic particles in the ionosphere. Who should be notified of this possibility? Select the two correct answers. (1 point)
engineers who control power systems to cities in the affected area
flight operations officers who devise airline flight planes
scientists who are responsible for tracking and maneuvering satellites
computer technicians trying to charge several new computers at a warehouse
Answers
You must be notified of this engineers who control power systems for cities in the affected area and scientists responsible for tracking and maneuvering satellites.
What is a solar storm and a solar flare?The sun is a gigantic thermonuclear reactor that eventually fires huge amounts of concentrated radiation in the form of particles in a constant stream called the "solar wind".
A geomagnetic storm can last just a few minutes, or several hours, but the effects of geomagnetic storms can linger in the Earth's magnetosphere and atmosphere for days to weeks. The storm also results in a rapid drop in the strength of Earth's magnetosphere for a period of between 6 and 12 hours. Then the magnetic field gradually recovers over a few days.
Whit this information, we can conclude that you must be notified of this engineers who control power systems for cities in the affected area and scientists responsible for tracking and maneuvering satellites.
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PLSSS HELLLPP- Which of the following measurements uses a derived unit? O volume O mass O length O time
Answers
Answer:
Volume
Explanation:
volume=length ×length ×length
The metric system is the system used for the measurement. It measures the mass, length, weight, time, etc. The unit of volume is a derived unit. Thus, option A is correct.
What is a derived unit?A derived unit is a unit used to measure and estimate the substance by using the basic or the fundamental metric unit system. It is based on units of the fundamental system.
The fundamental units include mass, temperature, time, luminous intensity, length, electric current, and amount of substance. On the other hand, derived units result from a combination of base units.
A volume is a derived unit as it came from the fundamental unit of length as,
Volume = length × length × length
= cm × cm × cm
= cm³
Therefore, option A. volume is a derived unit.
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PLZ HELP me...im struggling
Answers
1. Dd
2. DD
3. dd
m ) M How many milliliters of 0.750 M H2PO4 are required to react with 250. mL of 0.150 M Ba(OH)2 if the products are barium phosphate and water?
Answers
The volume of phosphoric acid is mathematically given as
X= 75 mL of H3PO4
What is the volume of H2PO4 required?Question Parameters:
Milliliters of 0.750 M H2PO4 are required to react with 250. mL of 0.150 M Ba(OH)2
Generally, the equation for the banlanced Chemical Reaction is mathematically given as
2 H3PO4 + 3 Ba(OH)2 ------> Ba3(PO4)2 + 6H2O
Therefore
The volume of phosphoric acid=\(\frac{3*2*250*150*3*1}{1*2*750}\)
The volume of phosphoric acid=0.075 L of H3PO4
In conclusion, the volume of H2PO4 in mL is
The volume of phosphoric acid=75 mL of H3PO4
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What is waters role In forming fossil
Answers
Answer:
After an organism's soft tissues decay in sediment, the hard parts — particularly the bones — are left behind. Water seeps into the remains, and minerals dissolved in the water seep into the spaces within the remains, where they form crystals. ... If that mold gets filled with other minerals, it becomes a cast.
Explanation:
Answer:
Explanation:
Water seeps into the remains, and minerals dissolved in the water seep into the spaces within the remains, where they form crystals.
Diagnostic nasal endoscopy includes inspection of the entire nasal cavity and the associated structures.a. Trueb. False
Answers
The answer is a. true
The doctor puts an endoscope—a small, flexible tube with a light and camera—into your nose during a nasal endoscopy. They can clearly see inside of your nose and sinuses as a result. A variety of medical issues can be diagnosed and treated with the help of a nasal endoscopy. Taking samples of lesions or masses may also need it.
With the use of a magnified, high-quality image, nasal endoscopy examines the nasal and sinus passageways directly. It is a routine technique carried out in an otolaryngologist's clinic and acts as an objective diagnostic tool for assessing nasal disease, sinonasal anatomy, and mucosa. Either a rigid endoscope or a flexible fiberoptic endoscope can be used for nasal endoscopy (see the images below). Both rigid and flexible endoscopy, when carried out by qualified professionals, are typically well tolerated.
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13. What type of energy does the plant use to convert CO2 and H20 into sugar?
Answers
Answer:
light energy
Explanation:
Answer:
It's light energy.
Explanation:
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the pancreas secretes digestive enzymes and hco3− into the small intestine to break down food and neutralize acidity.
Answers
The statement 'the pancreas secretes digestive enzymes and HCO3 into the small intestine to break down food and neutralize acidity' is true.
The pancreas can be described as the organs that secrete digestive enzymes as well as bicarbonate ions into the small intestine in order to facilitate the process of digestion. Apart from this, the pancreas also secretes hormones into the blood.
In the digestive juice that is produced by the pancreas, there are enzymes that break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats all of which are majorly present in the food that we consume. The bicarbonate is produced in order to neutralize the acidity that was produced in the stomach as the stomach has a high concentration of HCl.
Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:
The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes and HCO3− into the small intestine to break down food and neutralize acidity. true or false
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