the golden age of antibiotics began in 1928 with sir alexander fleming's discovery of an antibacterial compound he called what?
Answers
The golden age of antibiotics began in 1928 with Sir Alexander Fleming's discovery of an antibacterial compound he called penicillin.
Penicillin was discovered in 1928 by Alexander Fleming. He was a Scottish scientist. People began using it to treat infections in 1942. This discovery marked the beginning of the golden age of antibiotics, as penicillin revolutionized the treatment of bacterial infections and paved the way for the development of many other life-saving antibiotics. This discovery greatly reduced the number of deaths from infection. There are several enhanced penicillin families which are even more effective. They are derived from Penicillium fungi.
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Related Questions
A historian is reading a book of ancient history that describes a plant bred for long, leafy flower buds that never open, resulting in a white flower that does not produce chlorophyll. Which domesticated plant is he reading about?
Answers
Answer: cauliflower
Explanation: i just did it on savvas
A historian is reading a book of ancient history that describes a plant bred for long, leafy flower buds that never open, resulting in a white flower that does not produce chlorophyll. The domesticated plant is cauliflower.
What is Brassica's family?A member of the vegetable family that also includes collard greens, kale, turnips, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, and cauliflower. These vegetables have compounds that could offer cancer protection. Likewise known as a cruciferous vegetable.
Informally known as cruciferous vegetables, Brassica is a genus of plants in the mustard family or Brassicaceae in Latin.
There are numerous varieties and subspecies in the Brassica family, some of which are used to grow some of the most significant agricultural crops in the world.
Therefore, the domesticated plant, the historian was reading, about is cauliflower.
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how many million metric tons (mmt) of energy-related co2 were released in 2018.how did this compare with 2008?
Answers
5.27 million metric tons (mmt) of energy-related \(CO_{2}\) were released in 2018.
Carbon dioxide (\(CO_{2}\)) emissions from all energy-related sources in the United States increased to 5.27 billion metric tons in 2018, a 2.7% increase over 2017. Higher natural gas-related emissions brought on by more severe summer and winter weather as well as a rise in petroleum emissions from transportation, which are tied to a robust economy, were the main causes of the increase.
A data series from the U.S. Energy Information Administration's (EIA) Monthly Energy Review shows that the country's \(CO_{2}\) emissions have decreased six out of the previous ten years and were 12% lower in 2018 than they were in 2005.
According to early figures made public today by the U.S. Energy Information Administration, energy-related \(CO_{2}\) emissions in 2008 decreased by 2.8% from the previous year (EIA). In 2008, the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) increased by a negligible 1.1 percent.At the same time, energy consumption fell by 2.2 percent.
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Explain the concept Conservation of Matter
Answers
Answer:
Concept of Conservation: Matter cannot be created or destroyed. Matter can only change forms!
Explanation:
conservation of matter - a fundamental principle of classical physics that matter cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system
Red-green color vision is a sex-linked recessive trait Gail (who is heterozygous for red-green color blindness) marries color-blind George If Gail and George have a baby girl, what is the chance that the baby will be color-blind? A. 0% B. 25% C. 50% D. 75% E. 100% Gail has an extra-marital affair with Greg, who has normal color vision.
Answers
When George is the father, there is a 50% chance of having a color blind daughter, but when Gerg is the father, all of the girl children are normal, indicating that George is the father. As a conclusion, option B "George only" is the right response.
Because red, green color blindness is an x linked recessive disease, the defective allele is denoted by x' and the normal allele by x. Gail's genotype will be x'x because she is heterozygous for the trait. George is colorblind, so his gemotype is x'y. a hybrid of Gail and George Color blindness is defined as the inability to see colours normally. Color deficiency is another term for it. Color blindness occurs when a person is unable to distinguish between certain colours.
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Look at the picture below.
What macromolecules make up most of the structure that is shown?
Answers
Answer:
there is not a picture ....................
Answer:
B: Lipids
Explanation:
cause
16. Describe the process of dune formation and colonization by plants: Name some of the plant species we would expect to see from those closest to the beaches & as we moved through the dunes on a barrier island on the Georgia Coast, and indicate where they would be found (which of the portion of the successional stages? You need at least 3 different portions of the dune community/stages of dune formation and 1-2 plants per area/subcommunity) What type of succession is this?
Answers
Dunes form from sediment deposition on the beach in response to wind and ocean currents. When sand grains are transported by the wind, they settle on the leeward slope and accumulate over time to form dunes. Dunes start as embryonic foredunes and develop into mature and stabilized sand dunes as a result of plant colonization.
The formation of dunes is a result of a process called dune building. Sand dunes on barrier islands are formed in successive stages. The first stage is the embryonic stage where the sand dunes begin to form. The second stage is the foredune stage where sand dunes form close to the beach. The third stage is the backdune stage where sand dunes are farther from the beach and the vegetation has grown more.
The last stage is the climax stage where the sand dunes have reached their final height and the vegetation is at its fullest. There are various plant species that can be seen as one moves through the dunes on a barrier island on the Georgia Coast. These include: Beach morning glory (Ipomoea pes-caprae) on the foredune in the embryonic stageSea oats (Uniola paniculata) and sea rocket (Cakile edentula) on the foredune in the foredune stageSouthern live oak (Quercus virginiana), yaupon holly (Ilex vomitoria), and American beachgrass (Ammophila breviligulata) in the backdune in the backdune stage Saltmeadow cordgrass (Spartina patens) and marsh elder (Iva frutescens) in the climax dunes in the climax stage.
This type of succession is known as primary succession, which is the development of plant communities in areas that have not previously supported life.
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1. What do each of the following scientists study: botanists, systematists and paleontologists?
2. Which of the following can be further classified into Kingdoms: Fungi, Eukaryotes, Archaea, or Viruses?
3. what is Taxonomy used for?
4. Define disturbance in an ecosystem. What is the difference between light, modest, and extreme disturbances?
5. What are the main characteristics of the following: Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya and Viruses?
6. How does carrying capacity work? What happens to a consumer when what they eat decreases by half?
7. What are individuals, populations, and communities?
8. What is interspecific competition?
9. How can the damming of a river create a new ecosystem?
10. What happens to the other organisms in an ecosystem if a predator disappears?
please help
Answers
Botanists study plants and their interactions with the environment. Systematists study the classification and relationships of organisms, while paleontologists study fossils and the history of life on Earth.
some one who studies about the Fungi and their growth ?
Fungi, Eukaryotes, and Archaea can be further classified into Kingdoms. Viruses are not considered living organisms and are not classified into Kingdoms.
Taxonomy is used to classify and organize living organisms based on their characteristics and evolutionary relationships. It helps scientists to better understand the diversity of life on Earth and to develop a common language for discussing different species.
Disturbance in an ecosystem refers to any event or process that disrupts the normal functioning of the ecosystem. Light disturbances may be minor events such as a tree falling, while modest disturbances may be more significant events such as a fire or flood.
Archaea and Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms that lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Eukarya are eukaryotic organisms with a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Viruses are not considered living organisms and are composed of genetic material (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat.
Carrying capacity refers to the maximum population size that can be supported by a given ecosystem. When a consumer's food source decreases by half, its population size may also decrease due to reduced resources and increased competition for food.
Individuals are single living organisms, while populations are groups of individuals of the same species living in the same area. Communities are groups of populations of different species living in the same area and interacting with one another.
Interspecific competition is competition between different species for limited resources such as food, water, and space.
Damming a river can create a new ecosystem by altering the flow of water and creating new habitats for aquatic species. It can also provide opportunities for human use and development, such as hydroelectric power and irrigation.
If a predator disappears from an ecosystem, the populations of its prey may increase, leading to changes in the population sizes of other organisms in the ecosystem. This can cause a ripple effect throughout the food web and alter the overall functioning of the ecosystem.
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in the desert, cactus seedlings only grow underneath trees or shrubs. the trees and shrubs provide shade, leaf litter for fertilization and moisture retention, and some protection from predators. what type of relationship do the cactus seedlings have with the trees and shrubs?
Answers
The type of relationship cactus seedlings have with the trees and shrubs is symbiotic relationship.
The Sahuaro cactus (Carnegiea gigantea), often known as a nurse plant, is frequently seen in the Sonoran Desert near canopies of trees and bushes. The local loss of specific nursing trees seems to be accelerated by this interaction, leading to a predictable pattern of species replacement. Thus, the cactus exhibit a symbiotic relationship with tress or shrubs in the desert.
The saguaro plays a crucial role in the Tohono O'odham people's culture and offers food and shelter to a variety of desert species. According to some reports, the saguaro can be ecologically related to almost every other species in its range, including people.
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what the branching filaments that conduct nerve impulses towards the cell
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The branching filaments that conduct nerve impulses towards the cell body of a neuron are called "dendrites". Dendrites are the primary site for receiving signals from other neurons and transmitting them towards the cell body.
They are characterized by their treelike shape, with numerous branches that increase the surface area available for receiving signals.
Once a signal is received by the dendrites, it is transmitted to the cell body, which integrates the information and decides whether or not to generate an action potential.
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How can the photoelectric effect be explained based on the wave theory of light?
A.
When light waves hit a metal, the trough of a wave can kick out an electron.
B.
Light waves can pile up to exert pressure on an electron, eventually ejecting it.
C.
Through superposition, many light waves can impact an electron from different angles.
D.
The photoelectric effect cannot be explained by the wave theory of light.
Answers
sorry, if im wrong
What are the bones of the foot called?
Answers
The bones of the foot are the skeletal structures that make up the foundation of the foot. The human foot is made up of 26 bones, which are divided into the forefoot, midfoot, and hindfoot.
The calcaneus, also known as the heel bone, and the talus, often known as the ankle bone, make up the hindfoot. These bones serve as the basis of the foot and are in charge of supporting and stabilising the ankle joint.
Five bones make up the midfoot, which together comprise the foot arch. The navicular, cuboid, and three cuneiform bones collectively make up this group. The midfoot bones are in charge of cushioning impacts and preserving the foot arch.
The metatarsal bones, which join the toes to the midfoot, and the phalanges, which make up the toes, make up the forefoot. While the phalanges offer leverage for walking and balance, the metatarsal bones are in charge of dispersing weight across the foot.
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An abiotic factor is a part of the environment that is not living and has never
Answers
Answer:
Ecology is the study of how living organisms interact with each other and with their environment. Abiotic factors are the parts of the environment that have never been alive, while biotic factors are the parts of the environment that are alive, or were alive and then died
Explanation:
hope this helps
How might this change affect the structure and function of the protein?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Three-dimensional folding of a protein is due to interactions among the R groups of the amino acids. Cysteine has a sulfhydryl group, which may form a disulfide bridge with another part of the polypeptide chain. Valine has no sulfhydryl group and is nonpolar, which will affect how the polypeptide will fold.
how many cellular structures did you observe when viewing the bacteria smear slide? explain how the size of the bacteria affects the ability
Answers
The number of cellular structures observed in bacteria smear slides can vary, but it depends on the magnification, staining techniques, and the size of the bacteria being studied.
The number of cellular structures observed when viewing a bacteria smear slide can vary depending on the magnification and staining techniques used. Generally, bacteria are single-celled organisms, and when viewed under a microscope, various structures can be observed. These structures may include the cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleoid (containing the genetic material), ribosomes, and sometimes flagella or pili.
The size of bacteria can significantly affect the ability to observe cellular structures. Bacteria are generally much smaller than other cells, such as human cells. Their small size can make it challenging to visualize specific cellular structures with lower magnifications. Higher magnifications, such as using oil immersion lenses, can provide more detailed views of bacterial cellular structures.
The staining techniques used in microscopy can enhance the visibility of cellular structures. Staining methods like Gram staining or fluorescent dyes can selectively highlight certain components of bacteria, making them easier to identify and observe. Higher magnification and appropriate staining methods can improve the ability to visualize and identify specific cellular structures within bacterial cells.
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You observe red colored colonies growing on MacConkey agar. What does this indicate about the organism? The organism is able to ferment mannitol. The organism is able to ferment lactose. The organism is likely Staphylococci. The organism exhibits gamma hemolysis.
Answers
The observation of red colored colonies growing on MacConkey agar indicates that the organism is able to ferment lactose.
MacConkey agar is a selective and differential medium used to isolate and differentiate Gram-negative bacteria based on their ability to ferment lactose. The agar contains lactose as a carbohydrate source, and pH indicators such as neutral red or crystal violet. Organisms capable of fermenting lactose produce acid as a byproduct, which lowers the pH of the agar and causes the colonies to appear red.
This indicates that the organism possesses the necessary enzymes (such as β-galactosidase) to break down and utilize lactose. The presence of red colonies on MacConkey agar suggests that the organism is a lactose-fermenting bacterium.
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I need help please I don’t understand this
Answers
Answer:
2. It is converted into heat and energy.
Explanation:
So every time an animal eats grass, or another animal it receives 10% of the energy that the previous animal/plant had. If a rabbit ate a carrot, 10 percent of the energy the carrot had in it, will go into the rabbit. the question is asking where the 90% energy from the eaten carrot went.
Answer Explanation:
Most of the energy that isn't stored in the animal/plant is lost as heat or is used up by the body as it digests the animal/plant that was eaten. This is because the animals who consume any of the plants/animals receiving the 10% energy take energy to eat the plant/animal. this takes up the other 90%
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what is the number one factor when descending to the bottom of the ocean floor ?
Answers
7) What is the purpose of this exchange of genetic material during crossover? Why is it important?
Answers
The exchange of genetic material during crossover, also known as recombination, is a process that occurs during meiosis, the process of cell division that produces eggs and sperm cells. During meiosis, genetic material from the mother and father is combined in the offspring. This process is important because it increases the genetic diversity of the offspring, which can help the organism adapt to changes in its environment.
Crossover occurs when homologous chromosomes, which are pairs of chromosomes that contain similar genetic information, exchange pieces of DNA during meiosis. This exchange of DNA creates new combinations of genetic material that were not present in the mother or father.
Overall, the purpose of crossover is to increase the genetic diversity of the offspring, which can increase the chances of survival and reproduction in a changing environment. Crossover is therefore an important process that helps organisms adapt and evolve over time.
The purpose of this exchange of genetic material during crossover to vary the programming of a chromosome or chromosomes from one generation to the next.
Crossover is a cellular process that occurs when chromosomes of the same type are joined together during meiosis. When two chromosomes (one from the mother and one from the father) meet, parts of the chromosome can be swapped. Although the two chromosomes contain the same genes, they may have different gene shapes.
Let's say that the gene shape from the mother can be transferred to the father's chromosome and vice versa .This is a very interesting and important biological activity. Different combinations of different genotypes can then be passed on to offspring. This genetic variation helps increase species diversity. Diversity also enhances a species' ability to respond to its changing environment over time, thereby evolving.
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The common cold, most often caused by rhinovirus, causes fever, sore throat, coughing and nasal congestion. Why is treatment with antibiotics not recommended for the common cold?
They are only effective at treating the fever
They are ineffective against viral infections
They increase the susceptibility to future colds
They require a dosage that most people would not tolerate
Answers
Select all of the following that are present in both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells.
- nucleus
- cytoplasm
- pigments
- DNA
- RNA
- ribosomes
Answers
DNA, RNA, ribosomes, pigments, cytoplasm, and prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells all contain these components.
Are mitochondria present in eukaryotes and prokaryotes alike?There are mitochondria only in eukaryotic cells. Only eukaryotic cells contain the mitochondria, a cytoplasmic membrane-bound organelle. Mitochondria are not present in prokaryotic cells, which include bacteria and archaea.
Why do prokaryotes lack mitochondria?They lack a nucleus, thus the genetic material inside each cell is free to move around. Furthermore, eukaryotic cells' many membrane-bound organelles are absent from prokaryotes. Prokaryotes lack mitochondria as a result. Some cell types, including red blood cells, are completely devoid of mitochondria. Bacteria and archaea are prokaryotic creatures and lack mitochondria.
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Match the term to the most correct definition. The process of determining the future value of an investment made today: The process of determining the present value of money to be received in t future: Equal periodic payments of principal and interest to repay any investment: The periodic repayment of principal and interest for a given loan: This TVM calculator key is used to enter or compute periodic level payments, such as monthly payments on a fixed rate mortgage: The value of a stream of payments and/or single future amount to be received over a specified number of discounting periods: The sum of the present values of all future cash flows, netted against the initial investment: The general term for the annual return provided by cash flows such as stock dividends or bond coupon payments: The general term for the annual return provided by the growth or increase in value of the investment itself, separate from annual cash flows: The percentage rate earned on each dollar invested for the entire time it is invested, this includes both the periodic and appreciation return:
Answers
The process of determining the future value of an investment made today is called compounding.
Compounding refers to the process of calculating the future value of an investment by considering the initial amount invested, the interest rate, and the time period. It takes into account the concept of earning interest on both the principal amount and any accumulated interest. Through compounding, the investment grows over time as the interest is added to the principal, generating additional returns. This allows investors to estimate the value of their investment at a future date, taking into account the effects of compound interest. It is an essential concept in finance and helps individuals and businesses make informed decisions regarding their investments.
In compounding, the future value of an investment is determined by considering factors such as the interest rate, the length of the investment period, and the frequency of compounding. The more frequent the compounding, the greater the future value of the investment. This concept is widely used in various financial calculations, such as calculating the growth of savings accounts, estimating the value of retirement funds, or assessing the profitability of long-term investments. Compounding allows investors to understand the potential growth of their investments over time and make strategic decisions accordingly. It highlights the power of time and compound interest in generating wealth and achieving financial goals.
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why you think rust forms on metal. Then read the lesson to learn the role of chemical reactions in living things.
Answers
Answer: I think rust forms on metal because it is exposed to oxygen and which it begins to corrode.
Explanation:
Which of the enzyme-substrate pairings is correct?
lipase-fat
amylase-starch
pepsin-protein
nuclease-DNA
Answers
The substance on which an enzyme functions in biochemistry is known as an enzyme substrate.
All pairings are correct.
The body employs the enzyme lipase to digest dietary fats so they may be absorbed in the intestines. The pancreas, mouth, and stomach all manufacture lipase.Amylases break down starch into smaller molecules, producing maltose, which is then split by maltase into two molecules of glucose.Pepsin is the main enzyme involved in breaking down proteins. It reduces proteins into more easily absorbed peptides and amino acids in the small intestine.The breaking of phosphodiester bonds is catalysed by DNA nucleases. In the processes of DNA replication, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, mismatch repair, and double strand break repair, these enzymes are essential.To know more about Enzyme-substrate visit:
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Diarrhea is when what organ does not absorb water?
Answers
GIVING BRAINLIEST!!!!!
how do the kidneys and the bladder work together??
Answers
Answer:
From the kidneys, urine travels down two thin tubes called ureters to the bladder. The ureters are about 8 to 10 inches long. Muscles in the ureter walls constantly tighten and relax to force urine downward away from the kidneys. If urine is allowed to stand still, or back up, a kidney infection can develop.
Explanation:
Can small changes in just one part of the climate system have a global impact? Find what you believe to be evidence of a small change in your regional climate system. Could this have a global impact? Support your opinion using specific examples and evidence from a local news article or video and post with your discussion.
Answers
Yes, small changes in just one part of the climate system can have a global impact. For example, the melting of Arctic sea ice has the potential to impact global weather patterns and ocean currents, as well as to release methane gas from the seafloor, which is a potent greenhouse gas.
One example of a small change in a regional climate system that could have a global impact is the melting of glaciers in the Himalayas. According to a news article from the BBC, glaciers in the region are melting at an unprecedented rate due to rising temperatures. This is having a number of impacts, including changes in water availability and increased flooding risk in nearby regions.
However, the melting of glaciers in the Himalayas is also causing sea levels to rise around the world, as the meltwater flows into the oceans. This can have significant impacts on low-lying coastal regions, including increased risk of flooding and erosion, as well as impacts on ecosystems and human communities.
Overall, small changes in regional climate systems can have far-reaching impacts on the global climate, highlighting the importance of addressing climate change at both the local and global levels.
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Which would have most likely stopped Mendel from finding a pattern in his
results?
A. If having a wrinkled seed had been a recessive trait
B. If garden peas had used sperm and egg to reproduce
C. Being short is a recessive trait
D. If seed color and shape were located on the same chromosome
Answers
Answer:
D. If seed color and shape were located on the same chromosome
Explanation:
If seed color and shape were located on the same chromosome, they would not be inherited independently of one another.
Genes on the same chromosome are more likely to be inherited together. The only way they could be inherited independently is if crossing over occurred between the two genes.
Therefore, this would argue against Mendel's law of independent assortment.
Answer:
Answer:
D. If seed color and shape were located on the same chromosome
Explanation:
AP3X
When damage occurs to the antidiuretic hormone (ADH)-producing cells in the hypothalamus from head trauma, intracranial tumors, or neurosurgery, what disorder is suggested by a large diuresis of very dilute urine
Answers
Answer:
diabeytes insupidus
Explanation:
Another name for antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is arginine vasopressin.
It is made by the hypothalamus in the brain.
It is stored in the posterior pituitary gland.
This hormone helps in regulation of the amount of water in blood.
When damage occurs to the antidiuretic hormone (ADH)-producing cells in the hypothalamus from head trauma, intracranial tumors, or neurosurgery, what disorder is suggested by a large diuresis of very dilute urine diabeytes insupidus.
Please help!!!! Use what you have learned to match the parts of sentences
Answers
The part of the earth with respect to its structure and functions are matched below:
The part that includes land and water ---- is called the crust. The crust ---- is the outermost layer. The mantle ---- is under the crust. The core ---- is both solid and molten. What is Earth?Earth may be defined as a planet where life is known to exist with proper conditions and requirements. It is a huge area of land where diverse organisms live.
Therefore, the matching is well mentioned above.
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Answer:
look at the image below
Explanation:
Glycogen use during physical activity depends on all of these factors except _____.
how well-trained the person is
quantity of glycogen stores
duration of the activity
body weight
intensity of the activity
Answers
Glycogen use during physical activity depends on all of these factors except body weight.
During physical activity, glycogen is the primary fuel source for the muscles. The factors that influence glycogen use include how well-trained the person is, the quantity of glycogen stores available in the body, the duration of the activity, and the intensity of the activity.
Well-trained individuals tend to have more efficient glycogen utilization. The quantity of glycogen stores determines the initial availability of fuel for the muscles. Longer durations of activity and higher intensities generally lead to greater glycogen utilization.
However, body weight itself does not directly influence glycogen use during physical activity. It is the other factors mentioned above that play a more significant role in determining glycogen utilization.
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