The extract from a heat-killed S-strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae was treated with following enzymes.I. DNaseII. RNaseIII. ProteaseThe treated extract was mixed with a non-pathpgenic R-strain and used to infect mice. Which of the following treatments will not result in pneumonia in the treated mice?A) DNase treatedB) RNase treatedC)Protease treatedD) All the aboveE) None of the above
Answers
The treatment with DNase will not result in pneumonia in the treated mice. The correct answer is:
A) DNase treated
In the given scenario, the researchers are attempting to determine which treatment will prevent pneumonia in mice when a heat-killed S-strain extract of Streptococcus pneumoniae is mixed with a non-pathogenic R-strain. The presence of pneumonia indicates that the non-pathogenic R-strain has been transformed into the pathogenic S-strain, most likely due to the transfer of genetic material from the heat-killed S-strain.
The presence of DNA in the heat-killed S-strain extract suggests that the transformation process may involve a genetic material transfer. To investigate this, the researchers treat the extract with three different enzymes: DNase, RNase, and protease.
DNase is an enzyme that specifically degrades DNA, while RNase degrades RNA, and protease degrades proteins. Since DNA is the genetic material responsible for transmitting hereditary traits, its degradation by DNase would prevent the transfer of genetic material from the heat-killed S-strain to the non-pathogenic R-strain.
If the treated extract, which has undergone DNase treatment, is mixed with the non-pathogenic R-strain and used to infect mice, the absence of pneumonia in the mice would indicate that the treatment effectively prevented the transfer of genetic material and transformation into the pathogenic S-strain.
On the other hand, RNase and protease treatments would not specifically target the DNA responsible for the transformation process. Therefore, treating the extract with RNase or protease would not prevent the transfer of genetic material, and the mice would likely develop pneumonia when infected with the treated extract mixed with the non-pathogenic R-strain.
To summarize, the correct answer is:
A) DNase treated
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Related Questions
How much sunlight does the twilight zone get? none at all almost as much as the sunlight zone a lot in the summer but none in the winter the small amount that penetrates the sunlight zone
Answers
Answer:
The area between 200 and 1,000 meters (656 and 3,280 feet) is the mesopelagic or “twilight” zone.
Explanation:
Light intensity in this zone is severely reduced with increasing depth, so light penetration is minimal. About 20 percent of primary production from the surface falls down to the mesopelagic zone.
Answer:
D. The small amount that penetrates the sunlight zone
1. What makes water so unique?
Answers
Answer:
It is the reason the sky is blue
Explanation:
That faces are somewhat special visual stimuli is supported by all these findings except that:
Select one:
a. babies prefer stimuli with vertical (left/right) symmetry over those with horizontal (up/down) symmetry.
b. babies only a few days old prefer to look at the faces of their own mother over other age-matched female faces.
c. we are better at recognizing previously seen faces than other types of visual stimuli.
d. even very impoverished line drawings can be interpreted as faces.
e. babies prefer to look at faces over other stimuli
Answers
The faces are some what special visual stimuli that are supported by most of the findings except that babies prefer stimuli with vertical (left/right) symmetry over those with horizontal (up/down) symmetry. The remaining options (b, c, d, e) are consistent with the concept that faces are unique visual stimuli.
Babies only a few days old prefer to look at the faces of their mother over other age-matched female faces. It suggests that infants have an innate preference for the unique features of human faces, which distinguishes them from other objects and faces.
Therefore, all of the options given (except option a) support the idea that faces are unique visual stimuli that are processed using a distinct neural mechanism. These findings suggest that humans have an innate preference for faces and that our ability to recognize and remember them is better than for other types of visual stimuli.
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Need answers pleaseeeeeeeee
Answers
DNA and RNA are required molecules .
Define nucleic acids.
The main molecules that convey information in cells are called nucleic acids, which are chemical substances that are found in nature. In controlling the synthesis of proteins, they are particularly significant. Ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are the two primary types of nucleic acids (RNA).
When comparing DNA and RNA, there are two differences: In contrast to DNA, which includes thymine instead of the nucleobase uracil, RNA has the sugar ribose, whereas DNA has deoxyribose, a kind of ribose that lacks one oxygen atom.
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Arranging the four RNA nucleotides A, G, C and U in groups of three with all possible combinations leads to a set of codons called the ______.
Answers
Arranging the four RNA nucleotides A, G, C, and U in groups of three with all possible combinations leads to a set of codons called the genetic code.
The genetic code is a system that translates the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA into the corresponding sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis. Each codon represents a specific amino acid or a stop signal.
There are a total of 64 possible codons in the genetic code, including 61 codons that code for amino acids and 3 codons (UAA, UAG, UGA) that act as stop signals to terminate protein synthesis.
The genetic code is nearly universal, meaning that most organisms use the same codons to specify the same amino acids, allowing for the transfer of genetic information across different species.
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the adrenal gland's relationship with the autonomic nervous system? Check all that apply.A. The adrenal cortex is an extension of the sympathetic nervous system.B. The adrenal glands secrete norepinephrine when stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system.C. The adrenal glands are strictly nerve tissue.D. The parasympathetic division stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoidsE. The adrenal medulla contains cells that synapse with sympathetic nerve fibers.
Answers
The adrenal glands are small, triangular-shaped endocrine glands located on top of each kidney. They are composed of two main regions: the outer adrenal cortex and the inner adrenal medulla.
The adrenal cortex, the outer layer of the adrenal gland, is indeed an extension of the sympathetic nervous system. It is influenced by the sympathetic preganglionic fibres that release acetylcholine onto the cells of the adrenal cortex, stimulating the secretion of hormones such as cortisol. The adrenal medulla, the inner part of the adrenal gland, contains cells called chromaffin cells that are innervated by sympathetic nerve fibres. These cells release catecholamines (primarily epinephrine and norepinephrine) into the bloodstream when stimulated by sympathetic nerve impulses. Therefore, the correct statements are A and E.
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A “flight or fight” response occurs when the body perceives a type of threat. The hormone known as adrenaline is released which will affect a variety of body systems. Which system needs to increase its activity in order for the muscular system to respond to the perceived threat?
A)Endocrine
B)Integumentary
C)Excretory
D)Digestive
Answers
Answer:
It is the Endocrine System.
Explanation:
The Endocrine System controls and regulates almost all the hormones in your body.
Integumentary System = Skin Tissues
Excretory System = Release of Waste out of the Body
Digestive System = Breakdown of Food
i need help please somebody
Answers
Answer:
26 is A. becoming inflamed
27 is The white blood cell is part of the immune system, while red blood cells are part of the circulatory system.
Explanation:
Where are CO2 and O2 found in our enviromment?
Answers
Answer:
They both are naturally found in our environment
Explanation:
CO2 accounted for about 80 percent of all greenhouse gas emissions from human activities. Carbon dioxide is naturally present in the atmosphere as part of the Earth's carbon cycle (the natural circulation of carbon among the atmosphere, oceans, soil, plants, and animals). the atmosphere as part of the Earth's carbon cycle (the natural circulation of carbon among the atmosphere, oceans, soil, plants, and animals).
Almost all living things generate it both plants and animals. Every time we breathe, we release it into the air. All living organisms, Where CO₂ and O₂ are found in our environment.
How are oxygen and carbon dioxide used by living organisms?Oceanic, freshwater, and terrestrial species that photosynthesize create oxygen. Plants, algae, and bacteria are some of these creatures. Around 70% of the oxygen in the atmosphere is produced by photosynthesizing marine algae.
Carbon dioxide (CO₂ ) is produced by both natural such as volcanoes, animal breath, and plant degradation, and anthropogenic sources primarily the burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas to generate energy.
Therefore, carbon dioxide is released into the environment by all living things, including those without lungs or gills, this includes bacteria, plants, insects, and more.
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Types of coordination their examples and differences???
Answers
Answer:
Hey there!
The coordination system tells the body how to respond to a stimulus. There are two types of coordination systems, the nervous and endocrine systems, which help humans react to situations. The endocrine system using chemical signaling, while the nervous system uses electrical signaling.
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two processes of producing energy for an ecosystem include...
a) photosynthesis & chemosynthesis
b) fermentation & photosynthesis
c) chemosynthesis & respiration
d) respiration & fermentation
Answers
Answer:
A) photosynthesis and chemosynthesis
Explanation:
Chemosynthesis is the biological conversion of one or more carbon-containing molecules and nutrients into organic matter using the oxidation of inorganic compounds or ferrous ions as a source of energy and photosynthesis obviously.
Write in phrases or sentences the similarities and differences between DOGS and CATS.
13. COMPARE (SIMILARITIES)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
CONTRAST (DIFFERENCES)
1.
2.
3.
4
5.
Answers
Answer:
COMPARE (SIMILARITIES):
1. Both dogs and cats are popular domesticated pets.
2. They are mammals and have fur or hair.
3. Both are known for their ability to provide companionship to their owners.
4. They require similar basic needs such as food, water, and shelter.
5. Both can be trained to perform certain tasks or behaviors.
CONTRAST (DIFFERENCES):
1. Dogs are typically more social and interactive with their owners and other dogs, while cats are often more independent.
2. Cats are known for their grooming habits, while dogs require more bathing and grooming from their owners.
3. Dogs are often larger in size and require more space and exercise than cats.
4. Cats are typically more agile and better climbers than dogs.
5. Dogs are known for their loyalty and ability to protect their owners, while cats are known for their ability to hunt pests such as mice.
Explanation:
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Which of the following events is appropriately assigned to the "contraction phase" of the cycle of muscle contraction/relaxation?
(A) The myosin head moves from its "cocked" position to its "relaxed" position.
(B) The myosin head moves from its "relaxed" position to its "cocked" position.
(C) ATP bind to the myosin head.
(D) A and C
(E) All of the above.
Answers
The myosin head moves from its "cocked" position to its "relaxed" position is appropriately assigned to the "contraction phase" of the cycle of muscle contraction/relaxation. The correct answer is (A).
The hypothalamus is not part of the brain stem. The brain stem is composed of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata. It is located at the base of the brain and connects the spinal cord to the cerebrum. The hypothalamus is located in the diencephalon, which is part of the forebrain.
The correct answer is (B). The myosin head moves from its "relaxed" position to its "cocked" position during the contraction phase of muscle contraction. This movement is powered by the hydrolysis of ATP.
The myosin head binds to actin and uses the energy from ATP to move the actin filament towards the center of the sarcomere. This shortens the sarcomere and causes the muscle to contract.
Therefore, the correct option is A, The myosin head moves from its "cocked" position to its "relaxed" position.
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Rachel wants to test how sunlight impacts plant growth over time she will add billing amount of light to different sets of plans what is the independent variable
Answers
Answer: sunlight.
Explanation: When trying to establish the level or extent of correlation or relationship which exists between two variables, the variables are classed as independent and dependent variables. The independent variable is referred to as the variable which causes a change in the value of the other variable (dependent variable). It is also known as the explanatory or predictor variable as it lead to changes in the dependent or predicted variable. In the scenario above, the independent variable is sunlight whose impact leads to changes in the growth level of the plant.
Janet’s sister has cystic fibrosis, which is disease caused by recessive genes. Neither of her parents has the disease. What is the chance that her mother is a carrier (heterozygous) for the trait? What chance is there that Janet herself is a carrier?
Answers
The chance that Janet’s mother is a carrier (heterozygous) for the trait is 100 percent. It is a recessive disease.
What is a recessive disease?A recessive disease is a type of disease that only expresses when both recessive alleles are found in the genotype.
In this case, cystic fibrosis is a recessive disease caused by a mutation in both copies of the Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene.
In consequence, the only way of inheriting this disease is by receiving one allele from each parent.
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Date:
Page:
( write
down the differences between
Sandwich model ond Fluid
mosaic model
of
cell membrane
Answers
Answer:
The key difference between fluid mosaic model and sandwich model is that fluid mosaic model states that cell membrane is a fluid phospholipid bilayer in which proteins are either partially or wholly embedded while sandwich model described the cell membrane structure as a lipid layer sandwiched between two protein ...
2•modern evidences does not support this model
3•the one who obsereved it was unable to see catbohydrates which are also present in cell membrane
While according to fluid mosaic model the proteins are not confined to surface of lipid bilayer but are imbedded betwaan them
It is well supported by evidences
It also tells us about carbohydrates present in cell membrane
Passage 1: Two or more individuals trying to use the same resource, such as food, water, shelter, space, or sunlight, is called competition. Because resources are in limited supply in the environment, the use of them by one individual or population decreases the amount available to other organisms. Competition also occurs between individuals within a population. The elk in Yellowstone National Park are herbivores that compete with each other for the same food plants in the park. According to passage 1, competition occurs between which of the following?
Answers
Answer:
between individuals
Explanation:
Given in paragraph
put the regions of the verebral column in order from nearest to the head at the top to the farthest from the head at the bottom
1. cervical vertebrae
2. thoracic vertebrae
3. Lumbar vertebrae
4. sacrum
5.coccyx
Answers
The vertebral regions are listed below, with the topmost area closest to the head at the top and the bottommost region furthest from the head at the bottom. Order:1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
Instead of being part of the spinal column, the sacrum and coccyx are frequently seen as belonging to the pelvic area. Since they are made of fused vertebrae, they are still regarded as a part of the vertebral column. The primary axis of the skeleton in all vertebrates is the vertebral column, commonly referred to as the spinal column.
The vertebral column supports the trunk, acts as a location for haemopoiesis, and offers attachment points for muscles. It also protects the spinal cord and nerve roots.
Order:
vertebrae in the neck
chest vertebrae
cervical vertebrae
Sacrum Coccyx.
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What is the pressure at 4000 km below the earth's surface?
Answers
Pressure = 2.3 million atm
Which best expresses the relationship between genes and DNA? Genes contain DNA
DNA destroys genes
Both contain chromosomes
The are unrelated
Answers
Answer: The best choice is "Both contain chromosomes"
Explanation: A gene is a short segment of DNA that works in conjunction with chromosomes to make up someone's genetic code. Hope this helps!
2.
What happens when the chemical bond that holds the third phosphate is broken?
Answers
Answer: Varies
Explanation:
Evidently, it takes everything out of proportion, biologically.
The hydrosphere does not overlap with any other spheres true or false
Answers
Answer:
False
Explanation:
It overlaps with the lithosphere. Since some rocks produce water.
Answer:
False
Explanation:
i need help with this so if your good at embryology pleaseee help me i have a D:( :)
Answers
Answer:
Tails and gill slits
Explanation:
Brainliest
For expression of recessive traits such as blue eyes, the pairing of alleles at the gene locus for the trait must be?
Answers
For the expression of recessive traits such as blue eyes, the pairing of alleles at the gene locus for the trait must be homozygous.
Traits are inherited characteristics that distinguish one individual from another. These traits are passed down through DNA. Humans have two sets of chromosomes. These chromosomes carry genes that determine your characteristics. We inherit a copy of each gene from our parents. These genes come in different forms, called alleles.
The alleles can be dominant or recessive. Dominant alleles are expressed when paired with either a recessive or a dominant allele. Recessive alleles, on the other hand, are only expressed when paired with another recessive allele. If one dominant allele and one recessive allele are present, the dominant allele will be expressed. To express a recessive trait, both alleles must be recessive.
Therefore, for the expression of recessive traits such as blue eyes, the pairing of alleles at the gene locus for the trait must be homozygous.
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Which has the lowest albedo?
A. An icy lake
O B. A white sidewalk
O C. A blacktop highway
O D. A pond
Answers
Answer: a blacktop highway
Answer:
Explanation:
Blacktop highway
describe a pathway used for the degradation of carbohydrates by strict anaerobe
Answers
The pathway used for carbohydrate degradation by strict anaerobes is called fermentation. Carbohydrates are broken down through this pathway to produce energy in the absence of oxygen.
This process allows strict anaerobes to generate energy in the absence of oxygen, which is essential for their survival in oxygen-free environments.
Fermentation occurs through a series of enzymatic reactions that do not require oxygen. During fermentation, glucose is broken down to pyruvate and ATP is generated. The pyruvate is then further metabolized into various end products, such as lactic acid, ethanol and carbon dioxide.
Strict anaerobes are bacteria that thrive only in environments where oxygen is not present, relying on hydrogen or carbon dioxide to survive.
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Which substances diffused through the membrane.
Answers
Answer:
Through phospholipid bilayers, gases, hydrophobic compounds, and tiny polar uncharged molecules can diffuse. Charged molecules and bigger polar molecules cannot.
Explanation:
Substances that can diffuse through a membrane are called "diffusible substances." These can include gases, small molecules, and ions. For example, oxygen and carbon dioxide can diffuse through a cell membrane, and ions like sodium and potassium can also diffuse through ion channels in the membrane.
Which of the following is true of binary fission?
It produces two identical daughter cells.
It requires two gametes to fuse.
It only occurs in animal cells.
It is the result of sexual reproduction
Answers
Answer:
I THINK THIS IS NUMBER FOURRRRRRRR
Explanation:
Write a short paragraph that explains the central idea of the article. Use at least two details from the article to support your response.
Dozens of earthquakes hit Hawaii as the world's largest volcano erupts
On November 27, Mauna Loa erupted for the first time in nearly 40 years. Located in Hawaii, Mauna Loa is the world's largest active volcano. Volcanoes are openings or vents where lava, small rocks, and steam erupt onto the Earth's surface. Melted rock that comes up from inside the Earth and out of a volcano is lava. The Mauna Loa eruption occurred at the Moku'āweoweo summit caldera. This is a large sunken basin at the summit — or highest point — of the volcano.
Following the eruption, dozens of earthquakes swarmed the region — one of them a magnitude 4.2 quake. Magnitude is a number that characterizes the relative size of an earthquake from 1 to 9.
Remain Vigilant
Officials issued an ashfall advisory for Hawaii's Big Island and asked residents to remain vigilant. So far the eruption's lava flows pose no risk to people living downhill from the eruption, according to Hawaii's Tourism Agency.
Map showing lava flow of Mauna Loa from the years 1843 to 1984.
Image 1. The volcano's last eruption was in 1984, when it sent a lava flow close to the city of Hilo.
"At this time, lava flows are contained within the summit area and are not threatening downslope communities," said officials from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The USGS is a government agency that collects information to help monitor natural hazards such as earthquakes. They warned, however, that the location and advance of lava flows can change rapidly.
The USGS's Hawaiian Volcano Observatory noted that it is set to perform flights to assess the eruption. They warned that "winds may carry volcanic gas and possibly fine ash and Pele's hair downwind." Pele's hair are thin strands of volcanic glass formed from cooling lava. The glass is sometimes carried into the air by strong winds and is sharp enough to tear skin and eyes.
Monitoring The Volcano
Mauna Loa takes up more than half of Hawaii's Big Island. It rises 13,679 feet (4,169 meters) above the Pacific Ocean, according to the USGS. The volcano is fairly active, having erupted 33 times since its first well-documented eruption in 1843. Its last eruption was in 1984 when it sent a lava flow close to the city of Hilo. After that, Mauna Loa entered its longest dormant period in recorded history. Periods of time when the volcano is not erupting, but could in the future, are volcanic dormant periods.
Scientists tracked an uptick in earthquake frequency beginning in June with five to 10 earthquakes a day. By September, the warning signs of an eruption increased. The number of earthquakes grew to around 40 a day in October.
Answers
The central idea that the text has is that it tells us of the fact that the scientists were talking about the eruption as a way of sending out warning to the people.
The parts that agree with this are: By September, the warning signs of an eruption increased. Officials issued an ashfall advisory for Hawaii's Big Island and asked residents to remain vigilant
What is the central idea of a passage?The most significant thought that the author wishes to convey to the reader is the key theme of a passage or story. It is possible to state the main notion immediately. The main idea is stated by the author.
The key thought or concept that the author wishes to convey to the readers about the subject is the main idea of a paragraph.
The main premise of the text is that it informs us of the fact that experts were discussing the eruption as a means of alerting the public.
The following passages support this: By September, there were more eruption warning indicators.
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Red bone marrow is found in the adult skeleton in all of the following places EXCEPT:
a. Medullary cavity
b. Metaphysis
c. Epiphysis
d. Pelvic crest
Answers
Red bone marrow is found in the adult skeleton in all of the following places EXCEPT the Medullary cavity. Red bone marrow is not found in the medullary cavity. Hence, option A is the correct answer.
Red bone marrow is found in several locations within the adult skeleton, including the medullary cavity, metaphysis, and epiphysis. However, it is not typically present in the pelvic crest.
The medullary cavity, also known as the marrow cavity, is the central hollow space within long bones. It contains yellow bone marrow, which is primarily composed of adipose (fat) cells.
In infants, the medullary cavity contains red bone marrow, responsible for hematopoiesis (formation of blood cells). As an individual matures, the red bone marrow gradually converts to yellow bone marrow, with red marrow being mainly confined to specific areas.
The metaphysis is the region of a long bone where the diaphysis (shaft) and epiphysis (ends) meet. It contains red bone marrow, which continues to play a role in hematopoiesis.
The epiphysis refers to the ends of long bones. It contains spongy bone, which houses red bone marrow. This red marrow is responsible for the production of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
While red bone marrow is present in the medullary cavity, metaphysis, and epiphysis, it is not typically found in the pelvic crest. The pelvic crest consists mainly of compact bone and contains yellow bone marrow.
Overall, red bone marrow is crucial for hematopoiesis and is primarily found in the medullary cavity, metaphysis, and epiphysis of long bones, excluding the pelvic crest.
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