The classical, alternative and lectin pathways all lead to the cleavage of complement c3 into c3a and c3b.The complement system is a crucial component of the immune system, which is made up of proteins that operate together to defend against bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens.
The classical, alternative, and lectin pathways are the three ways in which the complement system can be activated to start a chain reaction that ends in the destruction of the target pathogen. These three pathways are the means by which the complement system is activated in response to various stimuli.In all three complement pathways, the enzyme C3 is cleaved into C3a and C3b, which then initiates downstream reactions, leading to the opsonization and/or destruction of the target pathogen.
To know more about lectin visit:
https://brainly.com/question/32346579
#SPJ11
use kinetic molecular theory to explain why a gas takes the shape and volume of its container
Answer:
Imo : Gas particles are in constant, random motion. The volume of gas particles is negligible in comparison to the volume of the container. There are no attractive forces between gas particles.
The distance between the gas molecules are far apart and they assume the volume and shape of their container.
What is kinetic theory of gasesThe kinetic theory of gases states that gas molecules are in state of constant motion colliding with one another and with walls of the container.
Shape and volume of gasesBased on this theory, at an ideal condition the volume of the gas molecules are negligible and hence they take the shape of the containing vessel.
Thus, the distance between the gas molecules are far apart and they assume the volume and shape of their container.
Learn more about kinetic theory of gases here: https://brainly.com/question/2901837
what is the average speed of a train that covers 40 kilometers (km) in 1 hour, 100 kilometers (km) in 2 hours (hr), and 210 kilometers (km) in 4 hours (hr)?
Answer:
\(40 \times 1 = 40\)
When should a lab coat, safety goggles, and gloves be worn in the laboratory?
always, no exceptions
always, unless the teacher instructs otherwise
only when the teacher says to wear them
never in chemistry labs
Answer: the answer is a
Explanation:
you should always keep lab coat on when in lab
Answer:
its A. chemistry labs have a lot of things that can hurt you, even with just a few drops . its one of the most dangerous experiment types you do in science. even if your not doing an experiment but your in the room you should have on protection in case of a spill or something. it is always impotent to have safety gear on. even more so in chemistry
Why is alcoholism considered a chronic disease? a. Alcoholism requires lifelong treatment. B. It is marked by the sudden onset of severe symptoms. C. Alcoholism must be cured repeatedly throughout life. D. It can be overcome with proper treatment. Please select the best answer from the choices provided. A b c d.
A is the best choice. Since alcoholism requires lifetime treatment, it is regarded as a chronic condition. Due to its extreme difficulty in treatment, alcoholism is regarded as a chronic condition.
And tends to come back over the course of the affected person's lifespan. An alcoholic is never fully freed from their addiction, even though it can be treated. They must take action and keep in mind that their illness may flare up at any time. Navigate to content To search, click. A chronic condition is a sickness that develops over time or a human health condition that is persistent or has other long-lasting impacts. Alcoholism is generally defined as any drinking of alcohol that causes serious issues with one's mental or physical health.
Learn more about alcoholic here
https://brainly.com/question/4698220
#SPJ4
Rank the following elements by increasing atomic radius: Carbon, aluminum, oxygen, potassium.
⊂(◉‿◉)つ༼☯﹏☯༽(⊃‿⊂)
Answer
The elements in increasing order of atomic radius: oxygen, carbon, aluminum, potassium
Explanation:
The distance from the center of the nucleus to the outermost shell of the electron is known as the atomic radius of an element. The atomic radius decreases rightward along each period (row) of the table due to the increase in effective nuclear charge (the charge of the nucleus equal to the number of protons). Across a period, electrons are added to the same energy level and the increasing number of protons causes the nucleus to exert more pull on these electrons, which makes the atomic radius smaller. Atomic radius increases down each group (column) of the periodic table because of the addition of electrons to higher energy levels, which are further away from the nucleus and the pull of nucleus weakens. Another reason for the increase in atomic radius is the electron shielding effect, which is the reduction of the attractive force between a nucleus and its outer electrons due to the blocking effect of inner electrons
While moving from left to right in the second period, c arbon comes before oxygen and so oxygen will have a smaller atomic radius than carbon. While moving down the periodic table, al uminum comes before potassium even if they are not in the same period. So aluminum 's atomic radius will be smaller than that of potassium but bigger than that of carbon and oxygen.
(hope that helps can i plz have brainlist it will make my day :D hehe)
The chart shows the time, initial velocity, and final velocity of three riders.
A 4-column table with 3 rows. The first row labeled rider has entries Gabriella, Franklin, Kendall. The second row labeled time with entries 10 seconds, 8.5 seconds, 6 seconds. The third column labeled initial velocity has entries 55, 50, 53.2. The fourth column labeled final velocity has entries 32, 50, 67.
Which best describes the riders' final velocities ?
Gabriella is speeding up at the same rate that Kendall is slowing down, and Franklin is not accelerating.
Gabriella is slowing down at the same rate that Kendall is speeding up, and Franklin is not accelerating.
Gabriella and Franklin are both slowing down, and Kendall is accelerating.
Gabriella is slowing down, and Kendall and Franklin are accelerating.
Answer:
Gabriella is slowing down at the same rate that Kendall is speeding up, and Franklin is not accelerating.
Gabriella is slowing down at the same rate that Kendall is speeding up, and Franklin is not accelerating. Hence option B is correct.
What is acceleration?Acceleration is defined as the speed at which an object's velocity changes over time. The rate at which an item changes its velocity is known as acceleration, a vector quantity. If an object's velocity is changing, it is accelerating. Acceleration can be expressed as
Acceleration = Displacement / Time
Velocity is defined as the pace at which an item changes position while moving in one direction, as seen from a certain point of view and as measured by a specific unit of time. Velocity is the pace and direction of an object's movement, whereas speed is the time rate at which an object is travelling along a path.
Thus, Gabriella is slowing down at the same rate that Kendall is speeding up, and Franklin is not accelerating. Hence option B is correct.
To learn more about acceleration, refer to the link below:
https://brainly.com/question/12550364
#SPJ6
If one mole of ozone gas has a mass of 47.997g, what is the mass of three moles of ozone gas?
help me pls :(
Answer:
143.991
Explanation:
47.997 * 3 = 143.991
Part E
In which state of matter are the particles the most spread out?
Gas has the most spread out particles.
Plants use a process called photosynthesis to survive. What
evidence proves this process is a chemical change?
A. They turn green and change space
B. They get taller and change size
C. Water is needed
Glucose is created in the chloroplasts
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Glucose is produced through a process powered by sunlight that consumes Carbon Dioxide and produces oxygen as a waste product. In order for glucose to be produced, Carbon dioxide (a compound) must be, in essence, converted into a completely different chemical: dioxygen.
Photosynthesis is biochemical process by which green plants produce energy and release oxygen. Glucose is produced in this reaction and thus it is a chemical change. Thus, option D is correct.
What is a chemical change?The change in a substance if involves any bond making or bond breaking then it is called a chemical change. Whereas, if the substance just changes from one phase or state to the other it is called a physical change.
All chemical reactions are chemical changes involving bond making or breaking or both. Photosynthesis is a biochemical reaction takes place in plant leaves with the aid of light energy.
Photosynthesis involves several stages where an electron transport chain, various oxidising and reducing agents are performing significant roles.
The net reaction in photosynthesis is the combination of water and carbon monoxide to form molecular oxygen and glucose. Therefore, there occurs bond making and breaking. Thus option D is correct.
To find more about photosynthesis, refer the link below:
https://brainly.com/question/1757345
#SPJ2
Hard water in parts of the midwest may have a calcium ion concentration as high as 400 ppm. what is this calcium ion concentration when expressed as a percentage?
A calcium ion concentration of 400 ppm is equivalent to 4% when expressed as a percentage.
To convert the calcium ion concentration from parts per million (ppm) to a percentage, we need to divide the concentration by 10,000. The reason for this is that parts per million represents the number of parts of the substance per million parts of the solution.
Given:
Calcium ion concentration = 400 ppm
Calcium ion concentration (as a percentage) = (400 ppm / 10,000) * 100
Calcium ion concentration (as a percentage) = 4%
Therefore, a calcium ion concentration of 400 ppm is equivalent to 4% when expressed as a percentage.
Learn more about calcium ion from the link given below.
https://brainly.com/question/32824389
#SPJ4
the rate of decay of a radioactive substance is proportional to the amount of substance present. what is the half-life of a radioactive substance if it takes 5 years for one-third of the substance to decay?
The half-life of a radioactive substance if it takes 5 years for one-third of the substance to decay is 3.16 years.
The expression for the exponential decay :
N = N0 × e^(-kt)
N0/2 = N0 × e^(-k × t1/2)
Where
t1/2 is the half-life.
1/2 = e^(-k × t1/2)
ln(1/2) = -k × t1/2
Solving for the half life, t1/2, we get:
t1/2 = ln(2) / k
N/N0 = 1/5
1/3 = e^(-k × 5)
ln(1/3) = -k × 5
k = ln(3) / 5
The half-life is as follows :
t1/2 = ln(2) / k
t1/2 = ln(2) / (ln(3) / 5)
t1/2 = 3.16 years
Therefore, the half-life of the radioactive substance is 3.16 years.
To learn more about half-life here
https://brainly.com/question/1160651
#SPJ4
Calculate the volume in L of 11.6 moles of Neon at 120 K when it has a pressure of 25.9 atm
Answer:
The volume of the gas is approximately 4.41 liters
Explanation:
The details of the data of the Neon gas are;
The number of moles of Neon gas present, n = 11.6 moles
The temperature of the sample of Neon gas, T = 120 K
The pressure of the sample of the Neon gas, P = 25.6 atm
By the ideal gas equation, we have;
P·V = n·R·T
Where;
R = The universal gal constant = 0.08205 L·atm·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹
Therefore, we get;
V = n·R·T/P
Which gives;
V = 11.6 moles × 0.08205 L·atm·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ × 120 K/(25.9 atm) ≈ 4.4097915 L
The volume of the gas, V ≈ 4.41 L.
using your experimental data, what does it suggest about the stability of compound 4 to acid hydrolysis?
The experimental data suggests that compound 4 is stable to acid hydrolysis, as it did not undergo hydrolysis under the acidic conditions tested.
The stability of compound 4 to acid hydrolysis can be determined through experimental testing. To test this, compound 4 can be subjected to acidic conditions and the reaction can be monitored to see if hydrolysis occurs. If hydrolysis occurs, it would suggest that the compound is not stable to acid hydrolysis.
Based on the experimental data, it can be concluded that compound 4 is stable to acid hydrolysis. This conclusion can be drawn from the lack of any observed hydrolysis products or changes in the compound's structure or purity under the acidic conditions tested. It is important to note that this conclusion is based on the specific acidic conditions tested, and different acidic conditions may lead to different results. Nonetheless, the experimental data suggests that compound 4 is stable to acid hydrolysis under the conditions tested, which can be useful information for future use and handling of the compound.
Learn more about acid hydrolysis here :
https://brainly.com/question/25735055
#SPJ11
Nate measured an iron bar. He put the iron bar in the hot sun. When he measured the bar after it had been in the sun, it was slightly longer. Which sentence best describes what happened to the iron atoms after the bar was left in the hot sun?
Consider what happens to an iron bar when left out and exposed to sunlight and why it happens.
Evaluate the statements and select the one that best represents what happens.
Provide your reasoning in the text box provided.
The number of atoms increased.
The size of the atoms increased.
The space between each atom increased.
The air in the spaces between the iron atoms expanded.
Answer:
need dim points back ma boi
Explanation:
How will wolf emigration affect a grassland ecosystem that supports rabbits, the wolf's primary prey?
The wolf population will increase.
The producer population will increase.
The rabbit population will increase.
The rabbit population will decrease.
The emigration of wolves from a grassland ecosystem that supports rabbits which happens to be wolve's primary prey will lead to an increase in the population of rabbits in the ecosystem
Effects of Wolf's Emigration on a grassland ecosystemPredators and preys share a relationship such that the former feeds on the latter as food. Thus, the presence of wolves serves as a limiting factor to the growth of the rabbit population.
Therefore, once the wolves emigrate away from the ecosystem, the population of rabbits will thrive because one of its limiting factors has been removed.
More on population limiting factors can be found here: https://brainly.com/question/23358549?referrer=searchResults
A liquid that occupies a
volume of 3.23 L has a mass of
3.188 kg.
What is the density of this
liquid
in kg/L?
A. 1.01 kg/L
C. 0.04 kg/L
B. 10.3 kg/L
D. 0.987 kg/L
Answer:
D
Explanation:
You are looking for kg / L
3.188 kg / 3.23 L = .987 kg/L
How to balance this equation
NaCl +
F₂ →
NaF +
Cl₂
Answer:
The balanced equation is:
2NaCl + F₂ → 2NaF + Cl₂
Explanation:
Balancing an equation is a bit like playing musical chairs. There is no quick formula for success, but a little trial and error will lead to the solution. And a little practice goes a long way.
NaCl + F₂ → NaF + Cl₂
Check how many times an element appears on each side of the equation:
Element Reactants Products Balanced?
Na 1 1 Yes
Cl 1 2 No
F 2 1 No
The equation has two elements not balanced. Lets start with the Cl. Each molecule of Cl2 has 2 Cl atoms, but there is only 1 brought in by the NaCl. We can't use Cl as a product, since it does not exist under normal conditions. So lets make the coefficient for the NaCl 2, instead of 1.
2NaCl + F₂ → NaF + Cl₂
Element Reactants Products Balanced?
Na 2 1 No
Cl 2 2 Yes
F 2 1 No
Now the sodium is unbalanced due to this change. Add a coefficient of 2 to the NaF to accomodate the extra sodium atom:
2NaCl + F₂ → 2NaF + Cl₂
Element Reactants Products Balanced?
Na 2 2 Yes
Cl 2 2 Yes
F 2 2 Yes
The equation is now balanced. Each atom can be accounted for.
2NaCl + F₂ → 2NaF + Cl₂
====
This process may seem a bit tedius, but it becomes easier with practice: Some points that can help:
Use pencil and paper. Be prepared to try/erase the options.Look for the most "difficult" or complex moplecule first and assign a coefficent of 1 just to get started. Each molecule must be a whole number in the final equation.Although the final equation needs to have whole numbers, there is nothing wrong with fractions to start the process. For the example above, instead of doubling the NaCl, add a (1/2) as the Cl2 coefficient:NaCl + F₂ → NaF + (1/2)Cl₂
Element Reactants Products Balanced?
Na 1 1 Yes
Cl 1 2 Yes
F 2 1 No
Now do the same for the F2 on the reactant side:
NaCl + (1/2)F₂ → NaF + (1/2)Cl₂
Element Reactants Products Balanced?
Na 1 1 Yes
Cl 1 2 Yes
F 2 2 Yes
The equation is now balanced. But there is no such thng as 1/2 of a molecule (except, perhaps, in politics).
So multiply all the coefficients by a facor that makes them whole numbers. We can use 2, in this case.
2NaCl + 2(1/2)F₂ → 2NaF + 2(1/2)Cl₂
2NaCl + 1F₂ → 2NaF + 1Cl₂
This is the correct equation. The point is that a non-whole coefficient may be used to start, as long as they are all whole numbers at the conclusion.
would the substance below (h2o2 with geometry given) be soluble in water (a polar solvent) or in benzene (a nonpolar solvent)?
Since H2O2 is an acid, its molecules react with water molecules to produce H3O+ and Br ions, which give the solution conductivity.
What differentiates polar from nonpolar solvents?
n contrast to nonpolar solvents, which dissolve nonpolar substances, polar solvents dissolve in polar compounds. The major difference between polar and nonpolar solvents is this. Additionally, polar liquids contain molecules with polar bonds, whereas nonpolar fluids contain molecules with comparable electronegativity values.
A nonpolar or polar solvent?
Polar solvents contain bonds between atoms with widely differing electronegativities, such as oxygen and hydrogen, and have strong dipole moments (also known as "partial charges"). Bonds between elements with comparable electronegativities, such as carbon and hydrogen, are found in non-polar fluids (think hydrocarbons, such as gasoline)
To know more about non-polar solvent visit:
https://brainly.com/question/29356611
#SPJ4
In the scene where dr. mark hall (the surgeon specializing in blood chemistry) and dr. jeremy stone went to piedmont in space suits, what information did they gather by viewing the bodies?
These findings lead the researchers to believe that the death was not caused by a typical infectious agent but rather by an unidentified and potentially very harmful entity. The knowledge gained from examining the remains paves the way for more research into the characteristics and behavior of the Andromeda Strain.
Based on the information provided, it seems like you are referring to the scene from the novel "The Andromeda Strain" by Michael Crichton. In that scene, Dr. Mark Hall and Dr. Jeremy Stone visit the town of Piedmont, which has been affected by a deadly extraterrestrial microorganism.
When Drs. Hall and Stone examine the bodies in the book, they learn various crucial details, such as:
The Andromeda Strain bacteria causes a rapid dehydration of the bodies, leaving them dry and mummified. As a result, the bodies are fully desiccated.
No indications of degradation are seen. The absence of decomposition indicates that the microbe has a preservation function, halting the natural processes of deterioration.
The bodies exhibit weird physical anomalies: Dr. Hall notes that the bodies have unusual clotting patterns as well as other physical anomalies that are not commonly found in dead people.
There are no visible traces of trauma or injury on the outside of the bodies, which rules out any exterior wounds or traumas that would have contributed to their demise.
These findings lead the researchers to believe that the death was not caused by a typical infectious agent but rather by an unidentified and potentially very harmful entity. The knowledge gained from examining the remains paves the way for more research into the characteristics and behavior of the Andromeda Strain.
To know more about degradation :
https://brainly.com/question/30757532
#SPJ4
Na2O + H2O => NaOH *
Your answer
Balancing equations only the coefficient ratios
Answer:
1, 1, 2
Explanation:
You need to have the same amount of atoms of everything element on both the products and reactants side
Reactants:
Na=2
O=2
H=2
Products:
Na=2
O=2
H=2
How many rh atoms would have to be placed side by side to span a distance of 6.0?
24074 (Rh) atoms would have to be placed side by side to span a distance of 6.0.
What is Atom?The smallest piece of matter that exists in the universe is an atom. Atoms that are neutral or ionized make up every material in our environment. The atoms are tiny, spherical objects, and the Armstrong unit is used to measure their diameter.
1A = (10^-10)
According to the given information :The diameter of a rhodium atom (Rh) is approximately d = 2.7 x 10^-10
so,
It is assumed that if we keep n atoms next to one another, we will create a distance of L = 6.5μm = 6.5 x 10^-6
In this case,
We can see that if we keep the atoms side by side, the total length of them will be determined by adding the total diameters.
we have:
L = n d
n = L/d
Putting values :
n = (6.5 x 10^-6)/( 2.7 x 10^-10)
n = 24074
24074 (Rh) atoms would have to be placed side by side to span a distance of 6.0
To know more about Atom visit:
https://brainly.com/question/1566330
#SPJ4
Chemical equations Help pleaseeeeee
when food looks bad this type of food spoilage is usually due to
microbial growth
nitrates
organic acids
sulfides
Answer:
microbial growth
Explanation:
food that is not properly kept at a proper temperature bacteria will grow causing spoilage
how many valence electrons do the alkaline earth metals have?
What is the frequency of a radio
wave with an energy of
8.3 x 10-24 J?
[? ] × 10¹²] Hz
The frequency of a radio wave with an energy of 8.3 x 10-24 J is 1.257 ×10¹⁰ Hz
For the calculation of energy, we know that
E = h\(v\)
where. E is energy
h is planks constant
and \(v\) is the frequency.
thus, E = 8.3× 10⁻²⁴ J
and h = 6.6 × 10⁻³⁴ Js.
Now, putting values in the formula we get,
8.3× 10 ⁻²⁴ = 6.6×10 ⁻³⁴ × \(v\)
thus, \(v\) = 8.3 × 10⁻²⁴ / 6.6 ×10⁻³⁴
\(v\) = 1.257 ×10¹⁰ Hz
To know more about frequency visit the link:
https://brainly.com/question/14316711?referrer=searchResults
#SPJ1
Eugene works at a carpet factory. Which natural polymer does he most likely work with to make the carpets?
wool
rubber
nylon
silk
Answer: A. wool
Explanation:
Your Welcome;)
Wool is the natural polymer which he most likely uses in making carpets and the polymer is prepared by polymerization reactions.
What are polymerization reactions?Polymerization reactions are reactions in which large number of monomer molecules react to form polymer .The large molecules which are produced from polymerization may have linear or branched structure.
They can also form a complex three dimensional structure . There are different polymerization reactions like step-growth polymerization, chain -growth polymerization and condensation polymerization.
Polymers containing same kind of monomer are homopolymer and which contain different monomers are heteropolymers. Mechanisms which describe formation of polymers are of different types such as free radical mechanism and chain growth mechanisms.
Learn more about polymerization reactions,here:
https://brainly.com/question/8128920
#SPJ6
........PLEASE HELP........
How many moles of H2SO4 are present in 1.63 liters of a 0.954 M solution? Show work.
0.954mol/1L=x mol/1.63L
x=0.904x1.63
The answer would be 1.56 mol H2SO4.
Hoped I help :)
1.56 mole of H₂SO₄ is present in the solution.
Molarity is defined as the mole of solute per unit litre of the solution. Mathematically, it is expressed as:
\(Molarity = \frac{mole}{volume }\)
With the above formula, we can obtain the number of mole of H₂SO₄ present in the solution. This can be obtained as follow:
Volume = 1.63 L
Molarity = 0.954 M
Mole of H₂SO₄ =?\(Molarity = \frac{mole}{Volume}\\\\0.954 = \frac{mole}{1.63}\)
Cross multiply
Mole = 0.954 × 1.63
Mole of H₂SO₄ = 1.56 moleTherefore, 1.56 mole of H₂SO₄ is present in the solution.
Learn more: https://brainly.com/question/22221453
how much heat is emitted when 4.38 g of water condenses at 25 ∘c ? the heat of vaporization of water at 25 ∘c is 44.0 kj/mol .
When 4.38 g of water condenses at 25 °C, the heat emitted is 10.692 kJ,
What is condensation?The transition of matter from the gas phase to the liquid phase is referred to as condensation. Condensation takes place when a gas loses heat energy or is cooled. Condensation is responsible for the formation of clouds and precipitation in the atmosphere.
The heat emitted can be calculated using the heat of vaporization and the mass of water. First, we need to convert the mass of water to moles:
4.38 g * (1 mol / 18.015 g) = 0.243 mol
Next, we multiply the moles of water by the heat of vaporization:
0.243 mol * 44.0 kJ/mol = 10.692 kJ
So, 10.692 kJ of heat is emitted when 4.38 g of water condenses at 25°C.
Learn more about heat of vaporization here: https://brainly.com/question/26306578
#SPJ11
Determine the density of a liquid if a 35.2 mL sample has a mass of 28.548 g.
The density of the liquid is 0.79.
Density can be determined by the ratio of mass and volume of a particular substance. It can be denoted by the symbol d. The concept of density is crucial because it enables us to predict which compounds will float and which ones will sink in a liquid. As long as an object's density is lower than that of the liquid's density, it will often float.
Density can be determined by the formula:
Density = mass / volume.
Given data:
Volume = 35.20mL
Mass = 28.54 g
Put the values of given data in above formula:
Density = 28.20 / 35.54
Density = 0.79 m³
Therefore, the density of the liquid will be 0.79.
To know more about density.
https://brainly.com/question/13289733
#SPJ1
The density of a liquid if a 35.2 mL sample has a mass of 28.548 g is 0.811 g/mL.
What is density?
Density is defined as the mass of the substance per unit of volume. It can be understood by the mass of a substance divided by its volume. Density is denoted using symbol ρ. Density of a liquid can be calculated by -
ρ = m
v
where,
ρ = density
m = mass
v = volume
Density is a physical property of a matter. Higher the density of a substance, higher will be its mass and volume. As long as an object's density is lower than that of the liquid's density, it will often float.
To calculate density of given liquid -
we have,
mass = 28.548 g
volume = 35.2 mL
Using the formula,
Density = mass
volume
ρ = 28.548
35.2
ρ = 0.811 g/mL
Therefore, density of liquid is 0.811 g/mL or m³
To learn more about density,
brainly.com/question/13289733
#SPJ1