Scalar is a _____ having _______ (amount)

Answers

Answer 1

Scalar is a physical quantity  having only magnitude. (amount)

scalar quantity : The physical quantity which are specified with the magnitude are known as scalar quantities.

For example :

length - 5m

speed - 10 m/s , 10km/h etc

Mass - 6kg , 20g etc

energy - 30 joule

density - 56kg/m³

It has no direction. It has only magnitude. Described by real numbers.

There is another quantity known as vector quantity.

vector quantity : The physical quantity which are specified by its magnitude and direction also.

For example, velocity, acceleration, force etc.

Scalar is a physical quantity  having only magnitude. (amount)

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Related Questions

an l-r-c series circuit l = 0.121 h , r = 245 ω , and c = 7.34 μf carries an rms current of 0.450 a with a frequency of 407 hz .
What is the impedance of the circuit? What is the rms voltage of the source? What average power is delivered by the source? What is the average rate at which electrical energy is converted to thermal energy in the resistor? What is the average rate at which electrical energy is dissipated (converted to other forms) in the capacitor? What is the average rate at which electrical energy is dissipated (converted to other forms) in the inductor?

Answers

The impedance of the circuit is 252.15 Ω, the RMS voltage of the source is 113.47 V, the average power delivered by the source is 51.06 W, the average rate at which electrical energy is converted to thermal energy in the resistor is 49.55 W

To solve this problem, we can use the following formulas:

Impedance (Z) of an L-R-C series circuit:

\(Z = \sqrt{R^{2} + (X_{L}-X_{C})^{2} }\)

where R is the resistance, \(X_{L}\) is the inductive reactance, and \(X_{C}\) is the capacitive reactance.

In an L-R-C series circuit, the inductive reactance \(X_{L}\) is given by

\(X_{L}\) = 2πfL, where f is the frequency and L is the inductance.

\(X_{L}\) = 2πfL = 2× 3.14×4070.121 = 98.09 Ω

In an L-R-C series circuit, the capacitive reactance \(X_{C}\) is given by

\(X_{C}\) =  \(\frac{1}{2\pi fC}\), where f is the frequency and C is the capacitance.

\(X_{C}=\frac{1}{2\pi fC}\)

\(X_{C}\) =  \(\frac{1}{(2\pi 4077.34*10^-6)}\)

\(X_{C}\)= 3.21 Ω

Impedance (Z) of an L-R-C series circuit:

\(Z = \sqrt{R^{2} + (X_{L}-X_{C})^{2} }\)

Z=\(\sqrt{(245)^{2} )+(98.09 - 3.21)^{2} }\)

Z= 252.15 Ω

Hence impedance is 252.15Ω

The RMS voltage \(V_{rms}\)of the source is given by \(V_{rms}\) = \(I_{rms}\)×\(Z\), where \(I_{rms}\)is the RMS current.

\(V_{rms}\)= \(I_{rms}\) × Z

= 0.450 ×252.15 = 113.47 V

The average power (P) delivered by the source is given by

P = \(V_{rms}\)×\(I_{rms}\) ×cos(θ), where cos(θ) is the power factor.

P = \(V_{rms}\)×\(I_{rms}\) ×cos(θ)

P = 113.47 × 0.450

P= 51.06 W

The average rate at which electrical energy is converted to thermal energy in the resistor\(P_{R}\) is given by

\(P_{R}\) = \((I_{rms})^{2}\) × R

\(P_{R}\) = \((0.450)^{2}\)× 3.21 = 49.55W

The average rate at which electrical energy is dissipated  in the capacitor (\(P_C\)) is given by

\(P_C = I_RMS^2\)×\(X_C\).

\(P_{C}\) = \((0.450)^{2}\)× 3.21

0.65W

The average rate at which electrical energy is dissipated in the inductor (\(P_L\)) is given by

\(P_L = I_RMS^2\) × \(X_L\).

\(P_{L}\) = \((0.450)^{2}\)× 98.09

Therefore, the impedance of the circuit is 252.15 Ω, the RMS voltage of the source is 113.47 V, the average power delivered by the source is 51.06 W, the average rate at which electrical energy is converted to thermal energy in the resistor is 49.55 W, the average rate at which electrical energy is dissipated in the capacitor is 0.65 W, and the average rate at which electrical energy is dissipated in the inductor is 19.91 W.

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Y=5sin (3x -4t)
Cdculate the wavelength frequency and period.
Pls answer and explanation with formula ​

Answers

explanation

the general form of wave equation is

       y=Asin(kx-wt)

we have

      y=5sin(3x-4t)

hence the angular frequency

     w= 4s^-1

the frequency

  f=w/2 pi

  f=4/2 pi

  f=4/2*3.14

  f=0.64 hz

the period

T=1/f

T=1/0.64

T=1.5625=1.6

the wavelength

k=2 pi/lambda

lambda=2 pi/k

k=3

so

lambda=2*3.14/3

lambda=2.09

if my answer is right then mark me brainlist

If a rabbit accelerates from rest at 7.5 m/s2 for 3 seconds, how fast will it begoing? *

Answers

Given data:

* The initial velocity of the rabbit is u = 0 m/s.

* The acceleration of the rabbit is,

\(a=7.5ms^{-2}\)

* The time taken is t = 3 s.

Solution:

By the kinematics equation, the final velocity of the rabbit is,

\(v-u=at\)

Substituting the known values,

\(\begin{gathered} v-0=7.5\times3 \\ v=22.5\text{ m/s} \end{gathered}\)

Thus, the velocity of the rabbit is 22.5 m/s.

HELPPP
10m/s convert into mm/s

Answers

Answer: 10000 mm's

Explanation: Online calculator to convert meters per second to millimeters per second (m/s to mm/s) with formulas, examples, and tables.

venus and earth probably formed with similar amounts of carbon dioxide in their secondary atmospheres. which of the following is true?

Answers

The initial amounts of carbon dioxide in the secondary atmospheres of Venus and Earth were likely similar, the subsequent evolutionary paths of their atmospheres resulted in distinct differences between the two planets.


Based on the statement that Venus and Earth probably formed with similar amounts of carbon dioxide in their secondary atmospheres, the following statement is true: The initial atmospheric composition of Venus likely included a significant amount of carbon dioxide, similar to that of Earth. During the early stages of planetary formation, both Venus and Earth experienced processes such as outgassing from volcanic activity, impact events, and interactions with their surrounding environments. These processes contributed to the formation of their secondary atmospheres. It is believed that carbon dioxide played a significant role in shaping the early atmospheres of both planets. However, it is important to note that over time, the evolution of Venus' atmosphere diverged significantly from that of Earth. Venus underwent a runaway greenhouse effect, causing a dramatic increase in its atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and leading to the planet's current extremely dense and hot atmosphere. In contrast, Earth's atmosphere reached a stable equilibrium, maintaining a much lower concentration of carbon dioxide.

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As you walk to science class, you start out at a speed of 2 m/s, for a time of 120 seconds (you’re really excited to get to class). Then you see your friend and slow down to a speed of 0.5m/s for 30 seconds. You stop at your locker for 40 seconds (a speed of 0 m/s). You realize that you are about to be late so you hurry to class at a speed of 1 m/s and get to class just as the bell rings (4 minutes after your trip started). How far did you travel total?

Answers

The total travelled distance is • Speed, time and distance is one of the most common and important topics in the Mathematics or Quant section.

What is Speed?

Velocity is the pace and direction of an object's movement, whereas speed is the time rate at which an object is travelling along a path. In other words, velocity is a vector, whereas speed is a scalar value.

For instance, 50 km/hr west denotes the velocity of a car whereas 50 km/hr (31 mph) denotes the speed at which it is moving down a route.

The average speed of an object is determined by dividing the distance traveled by the amount of time it takes the object to reach the distance.

Therefore, The total travelled distance is • Speed, time and distance is one of the most common and important topics in the Mathematics or Quant section.

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the e. coli chromosome is 1.28 millimeters long. under optimal conditions the chromosome is replicated in 40 min. a. what is the distance travelled by one replication fork from the oric in 1 minute?

Answers

Under optimal conditions, the distance traveled by one replication fork from the oric in 1 minute is 0.032 millimeters.

To calculate the distance traveled by one replication fork from the origin of replication (oric) in one minute, we need to determine the speed of replication fork movement.

Given that the E. coli chromosome is 1.28 millimeters long and replication occurs in 40 minutes, we can calculate the speed of replication fork movement as follows:

Speed = Distance ÷ Time

Distance traveled by one replication fork in 40 minutes = 1.28 mm

Speed = 1.28 mm ÷ 40 min

= 0.032 mm/min

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For a rotating object experiencing no net external torque, what happens to the rate of rotation if the moment of inertia of the object decreases by a factor of 2

Answers

Answer:

The rate of rotation increases by a factor of 2.

Explanation:

The rate of rotation will become two times as the moment of inertia will be decreased by 2 times for the constant torque.

What will be the rate of rotation?

The torque for the rotating body will be given by the formula

\(T= I\alpha\)

Here,

T= Torque

I= Moment of inertia

\(\alpha=\) Angular acceleration / Rate of rotation

Now from the question, it is given that a rotating object experiencing no net external torque, what happens to the rate of rotation if the moment of inertia of the object decreases by  2 times.

Here moment of inertia will be   \(I'=\dfrac{I}{2}\)

So the formula will become

\(T= \dfrac{I}{2} \times \alpha\)

Now for making the Torque to be constant the acceleration should be two times  \(\alpha'=2\alpha\)

So for constant torque

\(T= \dfrac{I}{2} \times 2\alpha\)

Thus The rate of rotation will become two times as the moment of inertia will be decreased by 2 times for the constant torque.

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While on a weekend trip to New York Cily. You So! Angelina
Jolie and just HAVE to meet her You run after hier a! 27 ms.
How far will you have moved in 15.9 s?

Answers

Answer:

429.3 m

Explanation:

Speed=Distance÷Time

⇒Speed×Time=Distance

In this case,

Distance=27×15.9

              =429.3m

Hope it helps.

A race car traveling at 10 meters per second accelerates at a rate of 1.5 meters per second squared while travelling a distance of 600 meters. The final speed of the race car is approximately

Answers

Answer: 44m/s

Explanation:

The space between the the axon of one neuron and the dendrites of anohter is called the?

Answers

Answer:

The synaptic cleft... though the synaptic cleft is also apart of a synapse it is strictly only regarded as the space between an axon of one neuron and dendrite of another

The space between the axon of one neuron and the dendrites of another is called the synaptic cleft, where neurotransmitters facilitate communication between neurons.

The synaptic cleft, also known as the synaptic gap or synaptic junction, is the remarkably intricate and infinitesimal space that separates the axon of one neuron from the dendrites of another.

Within this minuscule abyss, a symphony of neurotransmitters dance and interact, bridging the gap between neural cells and enabling the transfer of information.

Like a celestial conduit, the synaptic cleft acts as a portal where electrical signals are transmuted into chemical messages, facilitating the intricate web of communication within the brain. This ethereal realm of intercellular communication represents the delicate interplay of molecular interactions, transmitting knowledge, emotions, and thoughts from one neuron to another.

It is within this enchanting void that the awe-inspiring complexities of neural connections come to life, fostering the astonishing capabilities of the human mind.

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A student is given a 5.4 g mineral sample. She determines that the volume of her sample is 2 cm3. What is the density of her mineral

Answers

Answer:

6.7

Explanation:

Newton's Law of Gravity states that if the mass of one object doubles, the gravitational pull on a second object will
____.
doubles
decreases by half of half
quadruples
decreases by half​

Answers

Answer:

It will double.

Explanation:

Newton's Law of Gravity states that \(F_G=\frac{Gm_1m_2}{r^{2}}\), where G is the gravitational constant, r is the distance between the objects' centers, and \(m_1\) and \(m_2\) are the objects' masses. We just have simple math here: by doubling \(m_1\), we double the entire fraction. By doubling the entire fraction, we double the gravitational pull. Therefore, Newton's Law of Gravity states that if the mass of one object doubles, the gravitational pull on a second object will double.

I hope this helps you understand it! Have a great day, 'kay?

Answer:

It doubles.

If the mass of one of the objects is doubled, then the force of gravity between them is doubled. Since the gravitational force is inversely proportional to the square of the separation distance between the two interacting objects, more separation distance will result in weaker gravitational forces.

A ball is thrown up at an angle. Neglecting air resistance, which of the following is true. Group of answer choices The horizontal component of the velocity is constant. The horizontal component of the velocity increase with time. The horizontal component of the velocity decreases with time. The horizontal component of the velocity increases, and then decreases.

Answers

Answer A is true. The horizontal component of the velocity stays constant.

When a ball is thrown up at an angle and air resistance is neglected, the horizontal component of velocity stays constant.

The term neglecting air resistance means that there is no air friction that will slow down the object as it travels.

This assumption is often utilized in physics experiments in order to better comprehend a concept.

What happens to the ball when it is thrown up in the air will be calculated.

The ball has an initial velocity with both vertical and horizontal components.

The vertical component of the velocity is directed upward and its value decreases as the ball rises higher. The horizontal component of the velocity remains constant throughout its flight.

Therefore, answer A is true. The horizontal component of the velocity stays constant.

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Net filtration pressure (NFP) = HPg + OPg + HPc (T/F)

Answers

False. The formula for net filtration pressure (NFP) is calculated as the difference between the hydrostatic pressure (HP) and the colloid osmotic pressure (OP) across the capillary walls. The formula for NFP is:

NFP = HP - OP

HP represents the hydrostatic pressure exerted by the fluid within the capillaries, while OP represents the osmotic pressure exerted by the proteins and solutes in the blood. The sum of HP and OP gives the forces acting in opposite directions, determining the movement of fluid across the capillary walls.

There is no term of HPc (hydrostatic pressure in the interstitial fluid) in the calculation of NFP.

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A 5kg bowling ball is rolling with 75kg*m/s. How fast is it going?

Answers

Answer:

you are going 1 mile per hour depending on how fast

Explanation:

a ball is thrown straight up with a velocity of 20 m/s. at the end of 3 s, its velocity will be close to

Answers

At the end of 3 seconds, the velocity of the ball will be close to -9.4 m/s.

When a ball is thrown straight up with an initial velocity of 20 m/s, we can use the laws of motion to find its velocity at the end of 3 seconds.

First, we need to determine the acceleration due to gravity, which is approximately 9.8 m/s². Since the ball is thrown straight up, the acceleration due to gravity acts in the opposite direction to the initial velocity.

To find the final velocity at the end of 3 seconds, we can use the following formula:

final velocity = initial velocity + (acceleration due to gravity * time)

Plugging in the values:

final velocity = 20 m/s + (-9.8 m/s² * 3 s)

Simplifying the equation:

final velocity = 20 m/s - 29.4 m/s

final velocity = -9.4 m/s

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When you drop a 2 kg iron weight and a 5 kg iron weight from a height, predict which one will fall first to the ground. Justify your answer

helppppp!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Answers

Answer:

The 5kg iron.

Explanation:

It would be 5Kg iron because it is heavier. Heavier objects fall faster.

When you drop a 2 kg iron weight and a 5 kg iron weight from a height, both will hit the ground at the same time.

What is weight ?

"It is the measure of the force of gravity acting on a body. "The formula for weight it is given by: w = mg. As weight is a force its SI unit is also the same as that of force, SI unit of weight is Newton (N).

What is free fall of a body ?

"State of a body that moves freely in any manner in the presence of gravity. The planets, for example, are in free-fall in the gravitational field of the Sun. Newton's laws show that a body in free-fall follows an orbit such that the sum of the gravitational and inertial forces equals zero."

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i need help on this please answer rrght away!

i need help on this please answer rrght away!

Answers

Correct answer: Artery.

13. Ravi's teacher asked their class to make a pinhole camera by themselves. Ravi read the activity 5 given in his textbook on how to make a pinhole camera. But he was unable to get the image of a well lit object. He was very upset. His elder brother on observing his pinhole camera found that the hole made by him was quite large. He rectified Ravi's mistake and helped him making another pinhole camera. Now, Ravi can see the image of the object. (a) On which principle of light does a pinhole camera works? (b) Why was Ravi unable to get the image of a well lit object? (c) How does the formation of the image by a pinhole camera is affected by size of the hole? (d) What values of Ravi is shown here? ​

Answers

brother" (and any subsequent words) was ignored because we limit queries to 32 words.

Pls help me Will mark you as brain plssss help me for these 2 questions just say top or bottom for which answers you pick

Pls help me Will mark you as brain plssss help me for these 2 questions just say top or bottom for which

Answers

Answer:

Top(Question 4): A. Increase the duration of walking each day

Bottom(Question 5): C. Evaluate and adjust her choice of activities, frequency, duration, and intensity

Explanation:

Question 4: The principle of progression states that as your body adapts to your exercise routine, you have to change it up. This can mean gradually increasing the weight, duration, or intensity of your weight training to see growth.

Hope this helps!! <3

ASAP I WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST A big wheel with triple the circumference of a smaller wheel will rotate with ____ the force. Group of answer choices

Answers

Answer:

A big wheel with triple the circumference of a small wheel will rotate with triple the force.

Explanation:

when this circumference is tripled, it means triple the force (they are directly correlated)

If we aim a radio telescope at a distant spiral arm of the Milky Way Galaxy, we will probably observe a 21-cm line. If we point a large optical telescope at this same region, we will probably not be able to detect the neutral hydrogen that gives rise to the 21-cm radio signal. Why not

Answers

Answer:

Because of the interstellar dust and interior location of the solar system.

Explanation:

We will probably not be able to detect the neutral hydrogen that gives rise to the 21-cm radio signal if we point a large optical telescope to the region because, the interstellar dust obscures the location of the spiral arm of the Milky way galaxy and this makes neutral hydrogen that gives rise to the 21-cm radio signal difficult to detect.

Also, the interior location of the solar system also makes the neutral hydrogen that gives rise to the 21-cm radio signal difficult to detect.

So, the interstellar dust and the interior location of the solar system makes it difficult to detect the neutral hydrogen that gives rise to the 21-cm radio signal with a large optical telescope.

do you expect an echo to return to you more quickly on a hot day or a cold day?

Answers

Answer:

more quickly on a hot day

Explanation:

A 50 kg trapeze artist falls from a height of 10 m, and has a speed of 14 m/s just before hitting the safety net. How much time is needed in order for them to stop if the maximum amount of force they can withstand is 500N?

Answers

Answer:

t = 1.4 s

Explanation:

momentum of the trapeze just before hitting the net = 50 x 14 kg m/s

= 700 kg m/s

final momentum = 0

change in momentum required = 700 - 0 = 700

If F be the maximum force and t be the time of action of force

impulse = force x time = F x t

500 x t

impulse = change in momentum

500 x t = 700

t = 1.4 s .

Which statement best compares the accelerations of two objects in free fall?

Answers

Answer:

increasing the masses of the objects and decreasing the distance between the objects

Answer:the objects have the same acceleration

Explanation:

Write the total equation for the proton-proton chain reaction that takes place in stars?
URGENT!! WILL MARK BRAINLIEST!

Answers

Supernova?? lollll.

12. Why does an apple look red? A. B. Red light waves are reflected by the apple. Red light waves are absorbed by the apple. C. Red light waves are reflected by a student's eyes. D. Red light waves are absorbed by a student's eyes.​

Answers

Answer:

A.red light waves are reflected by the apple

Explanation:

The apple absorbs all the colors except red so it reflects back only red light under white light

An object with a mass of 10kg accelerates 16 m/s2 when an unknown force is
applied to it. What is the amount of force?
160 N
9.8 m/s2
165.8 kg
1.6 N

Answers

Answer:

The answer is 160 N

Explanation:

The force acting on an object given it's mass and acceleration can be found by using the formula

force = mass × acceleration

From the question we have

force = 10 × 16

We have the final answer as

160 N

Hope this helps you

what is an example of an event that can compromise an ecosystem?
A. Rivers flooding the Amazon basin in south America
B. Ocean currents cooling the gulf stream
C. Solar storms hitting earths magnetosphere
D. Global warming melting summer ice floes in the arctic

Answers

The one option that specifically connects to an environment is option D: Global warming melting summer ice floes in the Arctic. All of the other alternatives have the potential to harm ecosystems.

The Arctic ecology may be significantly impacted by the melting of summer ice floes as a result of global warming. Many species, including polar bears, seals, walruses, and other bird species, are dependent on the ice for their existence in the Arctic environment since it has been specially adapted to the presence of sea ice.

The habitats and food sources of these animals are disrupted as the ice floes melt. It may result in fewer hunting areas being accessible, change marine animals' reproductive cycles, and have an effect on the entire food chain in the Arctic ecosystem.

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Answer:

D. Global warming melting summer ice floes in the arctic

Explanation:

Other Questions
A driver who is speeding might argue that he shouldnt get a ticket because there are worse crimes being committed that should occupy the police.This is an example of _________.Question 17 options:bandwagoneither-or-fallacyred herring Use the following information to answer the questions below.Suppose an experimenter becomes proficient with a technique that allows her to move DNA sequences within a prokaryotic genome.If she moves the repressor gene (lac I), along with its promoter, to a position at some several thousand base pairs away from its normal position, which will you expect to occur? Graph (1,1), (1,2), (1,3), (1,4) In the last month you have observed Amanda pull the hair of several other girls in class. You have received complaints from the parents of the other girls and think it is time to discuss Amanda's behavior with her parents Which of the following phrases is the best to use in approaching the issue with her parents?A. "Amanda is very aggressive with the other girls in class. B. "I am worried about some of Amanda's recent behavior in class. She has been pulling her classmates hair." C. "I am worried about some of Amanda's recent behavior in class. I have kept a behavior chart in class and, as you can see, she has pulled the hair of seven of her classmates in the last month. D. Amanda is a great student, but she has been showcasing unusual behavior lately in class. I would recommend you take her to see a child psychologist." directions: for the following questions, choose the best answer or respond in complete sentences. 1. part a: which of the following best identifies a central theme of the story of oedipus? a. human relationships b. violence and war c. fate and free will d. the indifference of nature Please help!! I'll give brainliest!!!After Pocahontas married John Rifle, she went to England and wasA- divorcedB- disowned by her tribeC- presented to the king and queen and was received as royal as a princess D- killed by European settlers A 2.95F capacitor is charged to 490 V and a 4.00F capacitor is charged to 550 V.(a) These capacitors are then disconnected from their batteries, and the positive plates are now connected to each other and the negative plates are connected to each other. What will be the potential difference across each capacitor and the charge on each?(b) What is the voltage and charge for each capacitor if plates of opposite sign are connected? Problem Description: design a digital control system for the production process of bottled water as per the following process: A motor runs the conveyor belt, which move the bottle. Then, the bottle stops for the filling process. It is filled with water in 5 seconds. After that, the bottle moves away and stops for the capping (sealing) process. It is capped in 3 seconds. Then, the process repeats again for the next empty bottle Task1:Draw the module block diagram of your design. Draw a histogram for the intervals 2-4, 5-7, 8-10, and 11-13 using the following data: 11,3,13,4,2,2,13,3,6,4,6,11,4,13,7,3,3,3,10,2ABCD How are Japanese Shintoism different from African Animism? The local school district has made a scale model of the campus of Engels Middle School including a proposed new building. The scale of the model is 1 inch = 3 feet. An existing gymnasium is 8 inches tall in the model. How tall is the actual gymnasium? The addition of 1 mole of HF to enough water to make 1 L of solution can be turned into an ideal buffer solution with the addition of which of the following? (Choose all that apply) If both figures have the same perimeter what is the value of x? What is the probability that the land has NO oil and the test predicts it? all of the following are colors identified when light is separated by a prism except responses green ultraviolet orange red How many gy of gamma-ray photons cause the same biological damage as 0.34 gy of alpha radiation? This is the term used for a lawyer who argues for the conviction of a defendant in a criminal case.This is a type of criminal charge that, while illegal, is generally considered less serious. These can include things like trespassing, public intoxication, and vandalism.This is a type of criminal charge that is generally considered very serious, and can include assault, spying, and murder.This is the body of law that codifies what a state defines as legal and/or illegal as well as the punishments for the violations of the laws.A person cannot be convicted in a criminal case if there is any of THIS, suggesting that the accused could possibly be innocent. As I looked out a moment ago from the Reichstag, that embodiment of German unity, I noticed words crudely spray-painted upon the wall, perhaps by a young Berliner, "This wall will fall. Beliefs become reality." Yes, across Europe, this wall will fall. For it cannot withstand faith; it cannot withstand truth. The wall cannot withstand freedom.How does repetition create meaning in this excerpt?The repetition emphasizes information about communism.The repetition emphasizes the principles of freedom.The repetition gives context to Reagan's beliefs.The repetition gives context to Reagans goals in Europe. I WILL GIVE BRAINLIESTThe graph of the linear function f(x) has a slope of 4/3 and a y-intercept of 2. Complete the equation for the function.An equation for f(x) is f(x) = which function is used to find y, the remaining balance after x of number of years