Rna polymerase and primase both add nucleotides to a.
Answers
RNA polymerase and primase both add nucleotides to a. 3' OH.
While they have similar functions, they differ in their mechanism of action and target molecules. Both enzymes add nucleotides to a growing chain, but they differ in their template and product molecules. RNA polymerase adds RNA nucleotides to a growing RNA strand using a DNA template. Primase, on the other hand, adds DNA nucleotides to the growing DNA strand using an RNA primer.
RNA polymerase is responsible for transcription, the process of copying DNA into RNA, while primase is responsible for replication, the process of duplicating DNA. Both RNA polymerase and primase add nucleotides to a growing chain, but they differ in their template and product molecules. RNA polymerase adds RNA nucleotides, whereas primase adds DNA nucleotides. RNA polymerase and primase are essential for the proper functioning of cells and are therefore found in all living organisms.
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Related Questions
Which of the following factors is most likely to increase genetic variation in a population?a. natural selectionb. mutationsc. non-random matingd. genetic drifte. stabilizing selection
Answers
Mutation factors are most likely to increase genetic variation in a population.
Hence, Option B is correct.
Changing an organism's DNA sequence is known as a mutation. An infection with a virus, exposure to mutagens, or mistakes in DNA replication during cell division can all cause mutations. anything that alters a cell's DNA sequence. Both exposures to environmental DNA-damaging chemicals and mistakes made during cell division can result in mutations. The effects of a mutation can be neutral, negative, or both. A genetic mutation is an alteration to the DNA sequence of a gene that results in the production of a new organism. The DNA sequence of that gene undergoes a permanent modification. Human evolution, which is the process of change across generations, depends on the genetic variety.To know more about mutation here
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One family has more cars than what can fit in their driveway, so they park extra ones in their neighbor's yard. Over time, some spots of grass on the neighbor's lawn are no longer green near where the extra cars are parked. This scenario represents a tragedy of the commons. True False
Answers
Answer:
true
Explanation:
because of the fumes the car produces
Answer:
true
Explanation:
in this case, a tragedy of commons describes "oh, if we have this here, we will lose this natural resource", which complies to the fumes of the car and the tires killing the grass, which is the natural resource
why is water not food and
what does the food label on water show that water does.
Answers
Neutrons are charged
Answers
Answer:
no
Explanation:
they originally have a positive charge, but overall they are neutral.
unless you gain or lose an electron, then they remain neutral
at a minimum, the following class of biological safety cabinet (bsc) must be used when manipulating potential bioterrorism agents and if aerosols are likely:
Answers
At a minimum, the Class III biological safety cabinet (BSC) must be used when manipulating potential bioterrorism agents and if aerosols are likely.
The Class III biological safety cabinet, also known as a glove box or a glove bag, provides the highest level of containment for working with highly infectious agents and potential bioterrorism agents. It is a completely enclosed, gas-tight cabinet that ensures maximum protection for both the operator and the environment.
When working with potential bioterrorism agents, which are highly dangerous and pose a significant threat to public health and safety, strict containment measures are necessary. These agents may include highly infectious pathogens or toxins that can be weaponized. Additionally, if aerosols are likely to be generated during the manipulation or processing of these agents, additional precautions are required.
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If your observation had not been restricted to the tip of the onion root, how would the results be different?
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Answer: If the area of observation in the experiment had not been restricted to the area of the root tip that is actively dividing, then the results of the experiment would have been different because the cells would supposedly be spending their entire existence in inter-phase.
If your observation had not been restricted to the tip of the onion root, how would the results be different - The only difference is that chromosomes are only visible in that of dividing cells that are meristematic cells.
Meristematic cellsTip of the onion root is meristematic cellit divides but if it is a permanent cell then here would be no divisionmeristematic cells are responsible for the growth of the plant stem and roots which is essential for the development of the plant.
Thus, If your observation had not been restricted to the tip of the onion root, how would the results be different - The only difference is that chromosomes are only visible in that of dividing cells that are meristematic cells.
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what are cork tissues? how are they formed?
Answers
Answer:
Cork is a protective tissue that separates the living cells of the plant from the outside environment. The formation of cork in the periderm is the result of the activity of a secondary meristem, the cork cambium, or phellogen.
Explanation:
Question 11 Multiple Choice Worth 5 points)
(04.01 LC)
Which of the following is the lowest level in the hierarchy of the organization of living things?
O Atoms
Compounds
Organ systems
Tissues
Answers
Answer:
Compounds
Explanation:
It's not a living thing
Meiosis creates
A. 2 daughter cells
B. 4 gametes
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Answer:
B
Explanation:
Why would an overactive thyroid cause Krista's weight loss, sweating, and elevated heart rate?
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An overactive thyroid, also known as hyperthyroidism, can cause Krista's weight loss, sweating, and elevated heart rate because it increases the production of thyroid hormones, specifically T3 and T4.
The increased metabolism also leads to increased heat production, causing excessive sweating. Additionally, the increased metabolism can cause the heart to beat faster and harder, leading to an elevated heart rate.
These hormones play a vital role in regulating the body's metabolism, which affects how the body burns calories and uses energy. With an overactive thyroid, the metabolism speeds up, causing the body to burn more calories than usual, resulting in weight loss.
Overall, an overactive thyroid can cause a range of symptoms due to the disruption of the body's normal metabolic processes.
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In guinea pigs, white coat color is determined by the allele W. Black coat color is controlled by the allele w. Cross a white & black spotted pig with a black pig.
W = white
w = black
What percentage of the offspring will be black?
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Answer:
About 75%
Explanation:
About 75% will have two ww alleles, while the rest will have Ww alleles.
It is possible to discover a fully preserved organism? Explain?
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Answer:
No.
Explanation:
No, It is not possible to discover a fully preserved organism because after the death of organism, the decomposers feed on the animal and only the skeleton remains from decomposers. With the passage of millions of years, the fossil is not remain fully preserved due to the environmental conditions so that's why it is concluded that it is impossible to discover a fully preserved organism.
The classical pathway of complement activation begins with binding of __________.
a.)an antibody
b.)complement proteins
c.)lectin
d.)C3
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a.) an antibody. The classical pathway of complement activation is initiated by the binding of antibodies to antigens on the target surface. This antibody-antigen complex then binds to complement proteins, initiating the cascade of complement activation. So, option a is the right choice.
The classical pathway of complement activation begins with the binding of an antibody to antigens on the surface of a target.
The C4b and C2a fragments combine to form the C3 convertase enzyme, C4b2a.
C3 convertase (C4b2a) cleaves the C3 complement protein into C3a and C3b fragments.The C3b fragment covalently binds to the surface of the target cell, marking it for destruction by opsonization, recruitment of immune cells, and direct cell lysis.The subsequent steps involve the amplification and propagation of the complement cascade, leading to inflammation, immune cell activation, and elimination of the target.
In summary, the classical pathway of complement activation is initiated by the binding of an antibody to antigens, leading to the sequential activation of complement proteins and the subsequent destruction of the target.
The right answer is option a) an antibody
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why do scientists say that energy is the most important characteristic of living organism
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Answer:
Explanation:
All living organisms share several key characteristics or functions: order, sensitivity or response to the environment, reproduction, growth and development, regulation, homeostasis, and energy processing. When viewed together, these characteristics serve to define life.
Answer:
Without energy we or an animal can't do anything we would just be lazy.
Explanation:
individual organism can adaptTrue, But it has to increase their fitnesssometimes, it depends on where they are located if the adoption is helpful or notfalse, only a population can adapt
Answers
Organisms can adapt to different environments, however, this usually occurs over generations and at the population level. At the level of the individual, an example is mutations, in which the offspring may have different characteristics from the progeny. However, these adaptations of the offspring will either be detrimental or give an advantage depending on the environment in which it is
Because these changes occur gradually over generations, individual organisms cannot increase their fitness on their own. And although there are special cases in which an organism can adapt to environmental changes through a phenomenon called phenotypic plasticity, this is not common in all species and is not due to a genetic change in the individual. Therefore, the answer would be B (sometimes, it depends on where they are located if the adaptation is helpful or not).
A carbohydrate composed of two covalently-bonded simple sugars (monosaccharides) is called a(n)?
Answers
A carbohydrate composed of two covalently bonded simple sugars is called a disaccharide.
Carbohydrates or sugars are one of the four main categories of the macromolecules that make up living things (the other three being nucleic acids, proteins and lipids). It can either be a simple sugar (sugar monomer or monosaccharide) or a polymer of simple sugars.
Carbohydrates are composed entirely of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen atoms. Simple sugars or monosaccharides contain six carbon atoms, twelve hydrogen atoms and six oxygen atoms. When two monosaccharides bond covalently, they form a disaccharide.
Some examples of disaccharides include:
Sucrose or table sugar - It is made up of one glucose molecule and one fructose moleculeLactose or milk sugar - It is made up of one glucose and one galactose moleculeMaltose or malt sugar - It is made up of two glucose molecules.Learn more about carbohydrates here:
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Which of the following identifies a difference between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
A
Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide.
B
Photosynthesis uses oxygen while cellular respiration produces oxygen.
C
Photosynthesis releases ATP while cellular respiration stores ATP.
D
Photosynthesis uses sunlight while cellular respiration releases sunlight.
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Give an example of where secondary succession could take place:
Answers
Answer:
In Oak and Hickory forests cleared by wildfire.
Explanation:
Wildfires will burn most vegetation and kill animals unable to flee the area. Their nutrients, however, are returned to the ground in the form of ash.
Please help me with my class work
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natural selection can be defined as . group of answer choices a process in which organisms with certain inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than individuals with other traits the evolution of a population of organisms the production of more offspring than can survive in an environment a process that changes that changes gene frequencies in an individual
Answers
Natural selection can be defined as a process in which organisms with certain inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than individuals with other traits.
Natural selection is one of the driving forces of evolution, and it works by favoring traits that increase an organism's chances of survival and reproduction. This can happen due to various factors such as competition for resources, predation, environmental changes, etc. Individuals with favorable traits have a better chance of passing on those traits to their offspring, leading to a gradual change in the population over time.
Therefore, natural selection is an important mechanism that shapes the diversity of life on Earth by selecting for traits that increase the chances of survival and reproduction in a given environment.
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which best describes bacterium?
Answers
Answer:
Bacteria (singular: bacterium) are classified as prokaryotes, which are single-celled organisms with a simple internal structure that lacks a nucleus, and contains DNA that either floats freely in a twisted, thread-like mass called the nucleoid, or in separate, circular pieces called plasmids. Hope this helps :))
Explanation:
Answer:
Bacteria are classified as prokaryotes, which are single-celled organisms with a simple internal structure that lacks a nucleus, and contains DNA that either floats freely in a twisted, thread-like mass called the nucleoid, or in separate, circular pieces called plasmids.
Explanation:
in the 14th century, the bubonic plague killed more than 2/3 of europeans. the plague was transmitted by fleas who were infected by rats and would inject a bacteria into the bloodstream that shuts down a person's immune system. while not as common today, the bubonic plague still exists, infecting around a thousand people a year. there are about seven cases in the united states each year, many of those in arizona and new mexico. scientists have discovered that the bacteria works by affecting signaling pathways in the immune system.
Answers
In the 14th century, the bubonic plague, also known as the Black Death, indeed caused devastating effects in Europe, resulting in the deaths of more than two-thirds of the European population. The primary mode of transmission was through fleas that were infesting rats. These fleas would carry the bacterium Yersinia pestis, which is responsible for causing the bubonic plague. When an infected flea bites a human, the bacterium is introduced into the bloodstream, leading to the onset of the disease.
Yersinia pestis has several virulence factors that enable it to evade and compromise the host's immune system. One key mechanism is the ability of the bacteria to interfere with signaling pathways in the immune system. By doing so, Yersinia pestis can suppress the immune response, impair the body's ability to eliminate the bacteria, and promote the progression of the infection.
Although the bubonic plague is not as widespread or severe as it was in the 14th century, isolated cases still occur today. The disease is primarily found in certain regions of the world, including parts of Africa, Asia, and the Americas. In the United States, there are usually a few cases reported each year, with Arizona and New Mexico being among the states with higher incidence due to their specific ecological conditions.
Scientists and researchers have made significant progress in understanding the mechanisms of Yersinia pestis and its interaction with the immune system. This knowledge has helped in the development of improved diagnostic methods, treatment options, and preventive measures to control the spread of the disease.
It's worth noting that prompt diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic treatment are crucial in managing bubonic plague cases, as the disease can progress rapidly and lead to severe complications if left untreated. Public health measures, such as rodent control and surveillance, also play a significant role in preventing outbreaks and reducing the risk of transmission to humans.
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What cells does Pneumonia attack Need Asap
Answers
Answer:
White blood cells
Explanation:
Most pneumonia occurs when a breakdown in your body's natural defenses allows germs to invade and multiply within your lungs. To destroy the attacking organisms, white blood cells rapidly accumulate. Along with bacteria and fungi, they fill the air sacs within your lungs (alveoli).
With your fragment now in an expression plasmid, you will need to check to ensure that the fragment is in the correct reading frame from the promoter so that a functional enzyme can be made. You will utilize the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify a section of the plasmid containing your insert so that it can be sequenced. PCR uses a DNA polymerase isolated from a hyperthermophilic bacterial species to synthesize a new DNA strand off a template strand of DNA. You are supplying a template in the form of the plasmid with the inserted fragment. PCR also uses the requirement of DNA polymerase to have a pre-existing primer with an open 3' end for new strand synthesis. You will provide the primers that will bind to specific DNA sequences before and after the inserted fragment and will act as boundaries for what part of the plasmid will be amplified. The resulting short, amplified fragments will be identical in base sequence to the original plasmid templates. Once PCR amplification is complete, you will have enough template fragments to send for DNA sequencing to ensure that you have inserted the genes correctly into the plasmid. Correct insertion will result in the production of an mRNA strand that will have the first gene codon in the correct reading frame for a working enzyme to be produced. Of the following components, which ones are required for the amplification of a specific section of DNA using the polymerase chain reaction? Select all that apply.
a. DNA primers
b. RNA polymerase
c. a strand of RNA to act as a template
d. DNA polymerase that is heat stable
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is - a. DNA primers, and d. DNA polymerase that is heat stable.
Explanation:
In Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) there are many components are required in a overall process but there is two major components that are required for amplification of a specific section of DNA:
a. DNA primers- these are short and strands or sequence of ssDNA, a pair of these sequence acts as the starting site for a new strand which is used to hybridize with the sample DNA and mark the region of the DNA of interest to be amplified.
d. DNA polymerase that is heat stable- PCR technique involves various reaction that are performed at different temperatures. A thermophilic bacteria Thermus aquaticus is used to get this heat stable enzyme, Which lives in hot springs.
Thus, the correct answer is - a. DNA primers, and d. DNA polymerase that is heat stable.
1. Which of the following is an example of sensitization:
You blink each time your eye doctor gives you a puff of air in your eyes.
A dog was hit by his previous owner, and now the dog cowers each time his new owner reaches out to pet him.
You no longer feel your shirt touching your skin.
You're walking on the sidewalk and a bicyclist almost hits you, so you jump out of the way.
Answers
The example of sensitization from the given alternatives is that 'A dog was hit by his previous owner, and now the dog cowers each time his new owner reaches out to pet him.'
Sensitization refers to the process in which an organism becomes more sensitive to stimuli, both good and bad. It happens when the body's nervous system becomes oversensitized to a particular stimulus that it begins to respond even to weaker or non-threatening stimuli.
The example given in the first option refers to a simple reflex action that occurs in response to the puff of air that is blown into the eyes during the eye examination. The third option is about sensory adaptation, which occurs when sensory receptors are exposed to stimuli for an extended period, resulting in a reduction in sensitivity. The fourth option refers to the fight or flight response that occurs as a result of a threatening stimulus, in which an individual's body prepares to confront or flee from danger.
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which statement is true about cell differentiation?
Answers
Answer:
It causes cells to change and specialize.
Explanation:
hope this helps you if it does please mark brainiest
Explain the effects of osmosis on cells and tissues:
Answers
Answer:
In explanation.
Explanation:
Effect of osmosis on cells:
-Osmosis is the movement of water across a cell membrane. Cells use osmosis to maintain concentration equilibrium (the concentrations of solute inside and outside the cell are equal). Changing the amount of water allows the cells to achieve equilibrium.
Effects of osmosis on tissues:
-Red blood cells placed in a solution with a higher water concentration compared to their contents (eg pure water) will gain water by osmosis, swell up, and burst. Water will diffuse from a higher water concentration outside the cell to a lower water concentration inside the cell.
Hope this helps.
10 differentiate between sublime and distillate
Answers
Answer:
distillate is the liquid that has been condensed from vapour during distillation; normally a purified form or a fraction of an original liquid while sublimate is (chemistry) a product obtained by sublimation.
Explanation:
hope it becomes helpful to you ☺️☺️
good luck
Answer:
Distillation is a method of separating mixtures based on differences in volatilitilies of components in a boiling liquid mixture. Sublimation : Sublimation is the process of transition of a substance from the solid phase to the gas phase without passing through an intermediate liquid phase .
Throughout the reflection, make sure you have a copy of the Student Guide and your data table.
In your experiment, you tested this hypothesis:
Hypothesis: If either parent mouse passes a dominant allele, then the offspring will have black fur.
You confirmed the above in steps 1 through 3, in which you changed the
phenotypes
of the
parents and predicted the fur color, or
, of the offspring.
Answers
The process was reversed in stages 4 and 5. The parents and children were previously displayed to you. You conducted a (test cross) try identify the genotyping of the parents.
What kind of hypothesis would you use?Example: Hypothesis The amount of happiness increases with daily sun exposure. The postulated cause in this case and the variables is sun exposure. The assumed impact, or dependent variable, is the degree of happiness.
What does hypotheses mean in plain English?A testable claim regarding the association between multiple variables or a theory put out to explain an observed occurrence are both considered hypotheses in the domain of science.
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The reactants in the dark reaction are:_____,______, and _____
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Answer: In the dark reaction, plants use carbon dioxide with ATP and NADPH from the light reactions to produce glucose. hope it helps <3
Plants use carbon dioxide with ATP and NADPH from the light reactions to produce glucose in the dark reaction.
What is Dark reaction?Dark reaction also called carbon-fixing reaction which is a light-independent process in which sugar molecules are formed from carbon dioxide and water molecules. This occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast, where they use up the products of the light reaction.
Dark reaction is a light-independent process in which sugar molecules are formed from carbon dioxide and water molecules. This reaction occurs in the stroma where it utilizes the products of the light reaction. Since this is not directly dependent on light, it is called as the dark reaction.
The reactants in the dark reaction are NADPH, ATP and Carbon dioxide.
Thus, plants use carbon dioxide with ATP and NADPH from the light reactions to produce glucose in the dark reaction.
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