The value of ΔG for the first reaction was calculated to be -16,21,956 kJ. The reaction is spontaneous as the value of ΔG is negative. The value of ΔS for the second reaction is 3.8 J/K. In the second equation, neither the forward nor the reverse reaction is spontaneous.
ΔG only relates to variations where the temperature and the pressure are constant. This is where most reactions take place in the lab. The system is typically open to the environment (constant pressures) and the reaction is started or ended at room temperature.
If ΔG < 0, the process is spontaneous. If ΔG = 0, the system is stable. If ΔG > 0, the process isn’t spontaneous according to the formula but occurs in the opposite direction.
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sodium chloride is made from sodium and chloride. would you expect the properties of sodium chloride to be simliar to sodium or cloride
Answer:
No
Its a chemical change so the characteristics or chemical properties always differs thereby the properties of sodium chloride isn't similar to sodium or chloride
What type of reaction will occur if AH is negative and entropy increases?
O spontaneous reaction
O Gibbs free reaction
O exothermic reaction
endothermic reaction
The type of reaction that will occur if AH is negative and entropy increases is option A which is a spontaneous reaction .
Spontaneous reaction explained.The spontaneity of any chemical reaction depends on the Gibbs free reaction which is related to entropy change and enthalpy change.ΔG= ΔH-TΔS
Where T is temperature change in kelvin.If AH is negative, entropy will increases which is ΔS. Then the ΔG will depend on the temperature change.
If TΔS is larger than ΔH, the reaction will be spontaneous and ΔG will be negative which means the reaction will move forward without any external input.
When a change in entropy increases with the temperature in the system, the reaction will be spontaneous and this will make the Gibbs free energy to be negative.
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5. The density of water at 4.00°C is 0.967 g/mL. How many molecules of water are present in a 499.8 mL bottle of water? Express your answer to the correct number of significant figures
There are approximately 1.62 x 10^25 water molecules in the 499.8 mL bottle of water.
To determine the number of water molecules in the given volume of water, we need to use the relationship between mass, volume, and molar mass of water.
First, we need to find the mass of water in the bottle:
Mass = Density * Volume
Mass = 0.967 g/mL * 499.8 mL = 483.9 g
Next, we need to convert the mass of water to moles using the molar mass of water. The molar mass of water (H2O) is approximately 18.015 g/mol.
Moles = Mass / Molar mass
Moles = 483.9 g / 18.015 g/mol = 26.88 mol
Finally, we can calculate the number of water molecules using Avogadro's number, which is approximately 6.022 x 10^23 molecules/mol.
Number of molecules = Moles * Avogadro's number
Number of molecules = 26.88 mol * (6.022 x 10^23 molecules/mol) = 1.62 x 10^25 molecules
Therefore, there are approximately 1.62 x 10^25 water molecules in the 499.8 mL bottle of water.
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A student conducts an experiment to see how music affects plant growth. The student obtains four identical plants. Each one is potted in the same type of soil and receives the
same amount of sunlight and water each day. Plant A listens to classical music for three hours each day. Plant B listens to rock music for three hours each day. Plant C listens to
country music for three hours each day. Plant D does not listen to any music at all.
2. Based on the experiment in the scenario, which visual aid would be most helpful in showing the change in the plants' heights over time?
O A. A timeline
OB. A line graph
OC. A pie chart
D. A bar graph
Answer:
The type of music each plant listens to.
Explanation:
A variable is any factor or condition whose value is changing in an experiment. A variable can occur in different types or quantity, and three types of variable (independent, dependent, and controlled) can be found in an experiment. In the experiment described above, "the type of music each plant listens to" is the variable. It is an independent variable whose value is changing because it exists in different types and it is the one that the student is observing its effect on the plant’s growth. In this experiment, this variable which differ will also produce different results (or effects).
What molecules does a plant need to make glucose in the process of photosynthesis? Choose all correct answers. carbon dioxide light oxygen water
Answer: carbon dioxide and water.
Explanation: I took the test
Answer:
water and carbon dioxide
Explanation:
i took the K12 test :p
What is the value of the equilibrium constant K ?
Answer:
K = 0.0209
Explanation:
K = \(\frac{[H_{2}][I_{2}]}{[2HI]^{2}}\)
K = \(\frac{[4.35 x 10^{-2} ][2.79 x 10^{-2} ]}{[0.241]^{2} }\)
K = 0.0208958
K = 0.0209
Mikael runs with a speed of 3 m/s for 45 seconds. How far does Mikael run? A. 15m. B. 30m. C. 90m. D. 135
Answer:
The answer is option DExplanation:
To find the distance covered by an object given it's velocity and time taken we use the formula
distance = velocity × timeFrom the question
velocity = 3 m/s
time = 45 s
The distance covered is
distance = 3 × 45
We have the final answer as
135 mHope this helps you
Answer:
D.) 135
Explanation:
Hope this helps!!! ( Sorry if my handwriting is bad, I´m working on improving it!)
Baking soda (NaHCO3, 84.0 g/mol) requires acids from other ingredients to generate the carbon dioxide needed to make bread rise. The following equation describes this reaction, where HB is some unspecified acid. If 20.4 g of baking soda are used in a recipe and enough acid is present for a complete reaction, how many moles of carbon dioxide are generated?
HB + NaHCO3 ⟶ H2O + CO2 + NaB
a. 0.243 mol
b. 0.204 mol
c. 0.334 mol
d. 0.232 mol
e. 0.464 mol
The dotted arrow in this reaction is a placeholder. Select the arrow that best describes the relationship between the reactants and products. -CECAH -CEC-L Identify the correct arrow descriptor.
To solve this, we must know each and every concept related to mechanisms of organic reaction. Therefore, the arrow that best describes the relationship between the reactants and products is the equilibrium arrow. The correct option is option A.
What are mechanisms of organic reaction?The technique of just an organic reactions is just the order of the steps in the process, giving information on which bonds are produced and/or disrupted in each step.
Understanding the processes of organic reactions is vital for understanding Organic Chemistry and for being able to harness the reactions to generate useful molecules. The arrow that best describes the relationship between the reactants and products is the equilibrium arrow.
Therefore, the correct option is option A.
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What is known about a reaction with a positive enthalpy?
A. Heat is given off as a product of the reaction.
B. The reaction has a large activation energy.
OC. Heat is required to make the reaction occur.
OD. The reaction will never be spontaneous.
Answer: C
Explanation:
In endothermic reactions, enthalpy is positive, and in exothermic reactions, enthalpy is negative, So, if enthalpy is positive, then it is an endothermic reaction, and hence is required for the reaction to occur.
Fissure eruptions can produce a flattened layer of cooled lava called a lava ____.
Answer:
magma
Explanation:
brainly me and il give reason in comment
AcellusPerform the following operationand express the answer inscientific notation.7.15x103 x 6.10x10-5[ ? ]x10!??Coefficient (green)Exponent (yellow)Enter
ANSWER
\(4.3615\cdot10^{-1}\)STEP-BY-STEP EXPLANATION:
You are given the below expression from the question provided
\(7.15\cdot10^3\text{ x 6.10 }\cdot10^{-5}\)\(\begin{gathered} (7.15\text{ x 6.10) }\cdot10^{3\text{ + (-5)}}\text{ } \\ (43.615)\cdot10^{3-\text{ 5}} \\ 43.615\cdot10^{-2} \\ 4.3615\cdot10^{1\text{ -2}} \\ 4.3615\cdot10^{-1} \end{gathered}\)This particle, an/a ___ has a negative charge
Answer:
Explanation:
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This particle, an/a ___ has a negative charge
The COD of a water sample is found to be 30 mg of O, per liter. What vol- ume of 0.0020 MK,Cr, will be required to titrate a 50-ml sample of the water…
The COD of a water sample is found to be 30 mg of O, per liter. What vol- ume of 0.0020 MK,Cr, will be required to titrate a 50-ml sample of the ains the same throughout the diagram. OC The graph starts at a lower energy value and ends at a higher energy value. Od The potential energy of the products is equal to the potential energy of the reactants.
Energy and Chemical Reactions: Mastery Test 4 Select the correct answer. Which factor is defined as the average kinetic energy of a substance? A. the …mass of the substance B. the volume of the substance C. the pressure of the substance D. the temperature of the substance
2 Select the correct answer. Which is a form of kinetic energy? OA gravitational energy OB. chemical energy OC. electrical energy D. sound energy
23.4 grams of Al2(SO3)3 is yielded through a chemical reaction. How many moles is this?
What is the solubility of NaNO3 at 75C (graphed)
5. Find the molecular formula for a compound with a mass of 40 amu and the empirical formula C2H4.
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what properties of a natural resource make it useful for humans as a materials or energy source?
The properties of a natural resource that make it useful for humans as a material or energy source is the ability to convert mass into energy and vice versa.
What are natural resources?The expression natural resources make reference to all types of matter and energy extracted from nature that can be used to produce goods and services.
Some examples of natural resources include for example irreversible resources such as fossil fuels (i.e., oil, or coal, gas, minerals such as metals, rocks, etc) as well as those based on the use of reversible energy such as eolic air energy, solar radiation or sunlight, soil and hydric resources or water.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that natural resources can be defined as any material and or energy obtained from nature that may be irreversible or reversibly used to produce goods and services.
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A beaker contains a total of 500 ml of solution which is 0.00050 M Ag^+, 0.00050 M Pb^2+, and 0.00050 M in Mn^2+ ions. If 10.00 ml of 1.0*10^-6 M Na2CO3 is added to the beaker, what will precipitate?
Ksp Ag2CO3 = 8.1*10^-12
Ksp PbCO3 = 7.4*10^-14
Ksp MnCO3 = 8.8*10^-11
Only Ag2CO3 will precipitate from the solution.
Precipitation reactionWhen Na2CO3 is added to the solution, it will react with the Ag^+ and Pb^2+ ions to form precipitates of Ag2CO3 and PbCO3. The Mn^2+ ion concentration is not high enough to form a precipitate with Na2CO3.
First, let's calculate the initial concentration of Ag^+ and Pb^2+ ions in the solution:
Ag^+: 0.00050 M
Pb^2+: 0.00050 M
Next, we need to calculate the concentration of Na2CO3 after it is added to the solution. Since we added 10.00 ml of 1.0*10^-6 M Na2CO3 to a total volume of 500 ml, the final concentration of Na2CO3 is:
[Na2CO3] = (10.00 ml / 500 ml) * 1.010^-6 M
[Na2CO3] = 2.010^-8 M
Now we can use the Ksp values to determine which precipitates will form.
For Ag2CO3:
Ksp = [Ag^+]^2[CO3^2-]
8.110^-12 = (2x)^2 (2x)
8.110^-12 = 4x^3
x = 2.0*10^-4 M
Since the concentration of CO3^2- is higher than the solubility product, Ag2CO3 will precipitate.
For PbCO3:
Ksp = [Pb^2+][CO3^2-]
7.410^-14 = (0.00050 M)(2x)
x = 9.210^-11 M
Since the concentration of CO3^2- is lower than the solubility product, PbCO3 will not precipitate.
Therefore, the only precipitate that will form is Ag2CO3.
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What a balanced chemical equation for the single displacement reaction you observed in Experiment 3. Include physical states.
Choose all the answers that apply.
Which of the following energy forms are involved in a nuclear power plant?
heat
sound
mechanical
electrical
nuclear
Answer:
electrical
nuclear
mechanical
Explanation:
Help with homework for work sheet
The theoretical yield of the ammonia that is produced in this reaction is 43.9g.
What is the moles?The mole is commonly used to express the amount of a substance in a chemical reaction or to compare the amount of different substances.
Number of moles of N2
1 mole of N2 occupy 22.4 L
x moles of N2 occupies 29 L
x = 1.29 moles
Number of moles of H2 is;
14g/ 2 g/mol = 7 moles
Now;
1 mole of N2 reacts with 3 moles of H2
x moles of N2 reacts with 7 moles of H2
x = 2.33 moles
Then N2 is the limiting reactant
If 1 mole of N2 produces 2 moles of NH3
1.29 moles of N2 will produce 1.29 * 2/1
= 2.58 moles
Mass of NH3 = 2.58 moles * 17 g/mol
= 43.9g
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A 0.470 g sample of a metal, M, reacts completely with sulfuric acid according to M(s)+H2SO4(aq)⟶MSO4(aq)+H2(g) A volume of 217 mL of hydrogen is collected over water; the water level in the collecting vessel is the same as the outside level. Atmospheric pressure is 756.0 Torr, and the temperature is 25 °C. The vapor pressure of water at 25 °C is 23.8 Torr. Calculate the molar mass of the metal.
The molar mass when rected with sulphuric acid to liberate 249 mL of hydrogen gas is 48 g/mol
The volume (V) = 249 mL = 249 / 1000 = 0.249 L
Pressure (P) = 1.0079 – 0.03167 = 0.97623 bar
The temperature (T) = 25.0 °C = 25 + 273 = 298 K
Gas constant (R) = 8.314×10¯² bar.L/Kmol
Number of mole (n) =?
n = PV / RT
n = (0.97623 × 0.249) / (8.314×10¯² × 298)
n = 0.0098 mole
How to determine the mole of the metal
Balanced equation
M(s) + H₂SO₄(aq) —> MSO₄(aq) + H₂(g)
From the balanced equation above,
1 mole of M reacts to produce 1 mole of H₂.
Therefore,
Mole of metal = 0.0098 mole
Mass of metal = 0.539 g
Molar mass is given as mass upon mole
Molar mass of metal = 0.470 / 0.0098
Molar mass of metal = 48 g/mol
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An energy of 4.50x10^-19 J/photon was released when an electron drops to a lower energy state, what is the wavelength of the photon? What color does this energy correspond to?
4.41 × 10⁻⁴⁵m is the wavelength of the photon and the energy correspond to red color.
What do you mean by the wavelength ?The term wavelength is defined as the distance between two identical points that are adjacent crests and troughs.
The SI unit of wavelength is metre mostly represented as m.
The wavelength is mostly represented by λ is the Greek letter lambda.
Given:
E = 4.50x10⁻¹⁹ J/photon
h = Planck constant = 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴
ν = ?
E = hν
ν = E/h
By substituting the values in above question and we get,
= 4.50x10^-19 / 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴
= 0.679 × 10⁻¹⁵
c = 3 × 10⁸
E = hc/λ
λ = hc/E
By substituting the values in above question and we get,
λ = 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ × 3 × 10⁸ / 4.50x10⁻¹⁹
λ = 4.41 × 10⁻⁴⁵m
Thus, the wavelength of the photon is 4.41 × 10⁻⁴⁵m and color does this energy correspond to red.
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When multiplying and dividing, you should always round your answer according to which of the following
rules?A. Round answer to the least number of total digits found in the problem.
B. Round answer to 3 sig figs as a standard rule.
C. Round answer to the least number of decimal places found in the problem
D. Round answer to the least number of sig figs found in the problem
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Unless the question asks for a different amount of digits (sig figs) then round to 3 sig figs, for example, instead of 34.3492012 it would be 34.4, because the 9 would round the 4 up to a 5 and the 5 would round up the 3 to a 4
When a 8.00 g sample of KCN is dissolved in water in a calorimeter that has a total heat capacity of 3.19 kJ⋅K−1, the temperature decreases by 0.450 K. Calculate the molar heat of solution of KCN.
Δsoln= __________ kJ/mol
pls tysm it is due today
The reaction that is shown by the option D is a balanced reaction equation.
What is a balanced reaction equation?We can say that a reaction equation as we have it balanced number of each of the atoms that we have on the left hand side of the reaction equation is the same as the number of the atoms of the elements that we have on the right hand side of the reaction equation.
A reaction equation is a representation of a chemical reaction using chemical formulas and symbols. It shows the reactants on the left-hand side and the products on the right-hand side of the equation, separated by an arrow.
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hawks eat snakes . snakes eat toads . toads eat grasshoppers . Grasshoppers eat plants . which of the staments blow about this food chain?
Answer:
correct will be from back to the start:
grass-grasshopper-toad-snake-hawk
Explanation
ood chain begin with plant-life and end with animal-life.
An example of a suspension is a ____
A)chemical b)heterogenous
c)homogenous d)salad
Answer:
b
Explanation:
suspension is the heterogenos solution
how much energy is required to vaporize 2 kg of copper
It would require approximately 600 kilojoules of energy to vaporize 2 kg of copper.
To calculate the energy required to vaporize a substance, we need to consider the heat of vaporization, which is the amount of energy required to convert a given amount of substance from its liquid state to its gaseous state at a constant temperature.
The heat of vaporization for copper is approximately 300 kJ/kg (kilojoules per kilogram) at its boiling point, which is around 2567 degrees Celsius (4649 degrees Fahrenheit). This means that for every kilogram of copper, 300 kJ of energy is needed to vaporize it.
Given that you have 2 kg of copper, we can calculate the total energy required as follows:
Energy = Heat of Vaporization × Mass
Energy = 300 kJ/kg × 2 kg
Energy = 600 kJ
Therefore, it would require approximately 600 kilojoules of energy to vaporize 2 kg of copper.
It's worth noting that the heat of vaporization can vary slightly depending on the purity of the copper and the specific conditions, such as temperature and pressure. The value provided here is an approximation. Additionally, it's important to handle copper and any high-temperature processes with caution, as they can pose safety hazards.
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What is the percent by mass of the solution formed when 5.0 g of solute is dissolved in 40. g of water
Answer:
2
Explanation:
so let say 5.0/100×40
that is 2
thank you please follow me
The percent by mass is the estimation of the solute present in the solution or the substance. The percent by mass of 5 gm solute is calculated to be 11.11%.
What is the percent by mass?The percent by mass is defined as the division of the mass of the solute of the element by the mass of the compound or the solution as the whole. The formula for percent by mass is given as:
mass percent = (mass of solute ÷ total mass of compound or solution) x 100%
The mass of the solute has been the numerator and the mass of the solution has been the denominator that must be multiplied by 100 to get the percent by mass or mass percentage. It is represented using %.
Given,
Mass of solute = 5.00 grams
Mass of compound (solution) = solute + water
= 40.0 grams + 5.00 grams
= 45.00 grams
Substituting the values above as:
mass percent = (mass of solute ÷ total mass of compound or solution) x 100%
The percent by mass = (5.00 ÷ 45.00) x 100%
= 11.11 %
Therefore, 11.11 % is the percent by a mass of 5.00-gram solute dissolved in 40.0 grams of water.
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A neutron is a negatively-charged particle in the atom. true or false
Answer: true
Explanation:
Consider the incomplete structure. Add formal charges as necessary to the structure. All unshared valence electrons are shown. Do not alter the structure‑just add charges. If you need to revert the drawing palette to the original state, select the More menu, then select Reset Drawing.
The net formal charge on the given species (\(ClO_4\)) is -1. From the diagram we can see that each oxygen atom has 3 pair of electrons and remaining are shared with the chlorine atom.
A charged species is a species that has an unequal number of protons and electrons, resulting in an overall charge. Examples of charged species include ions, radicals, and polar molecules. Ions are atoms or molecules that have gained or lost one or more electrons, resulting in a net charge while radicals are molecules or ions with an unpaired electron, resulting in a net charge.
Formal charge is calculated as = total number of valence electrons in free atom - number of non-bonding electrons - 1/2 (number of bonding electrons).
Free atom is chlorine with 7 valence electrons.
Oxygen has 8 electrons which are in pairs so, non-bonding electrons = 0
Number of bonding electrons = 14
formal charge on chlorine = 7 - 0 - 1/2(14) = 0
Formal charge on three oxygen atoms = 6 - 4 - 1/2(4) = 0
Formal charge on fourth oxygen atom = 6 - 6 - 1/2(2) = -1
net charge = 0 + 0 + (-1) = -1
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By titration, it is found that 47.5 mL of 0.146 M NaOH(aq) is needed to neutralize 25.0 mL of HCl(aq). Calculate the concentration of the HCl solution.
Answer:
The correct answer is 0.277 M HCl
Explanation:
NaOH is a strong base and HCl is a strong acid. NaOH reacts with HCl to form a salt (NaCl) and water via a neutralization reaction, as follows:
NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H₂O
At the equivalence point, the moles of NaOH added is equal to the moles of HCl present in the solution to be titrated. Moreover, the moles can be calculated as the product of the concentration of base or acid (Cb or Ca) and the volume (Vb and Va), as follows:
moles NaOH = moles HCl
Cb x Vb = Ca x Va
Thus, we calculate the concentration of HCl (Ca), as follows:
Ca = (Cb x Vb)/Va = (0.146 M x 47.5 mL)/(25.0 mL)= 0.277 M