The electrophilic carbon atom is attacked from behind by the Iodide ion. To create a brand-new sigma bond, Iodine contributes a pair of electrons. The following is the arrow-show mechanism for this reaction:
I⁻ + CH₃Cl → CH₃I + Cl⁻
What is substitution reaction?A substitution reaction occurs when one functional group in a chemical molecule is swapped out for another functional group. In organic chemistry, substitution reactions are of utmost significance.A good illustration of a replacement reaction is halogenation.The two categories of substitution reactions are nucleophilic reactions and electrophilic reactions. The primary distinction between these two reactions is the type of atom that is joined to the initial molecule. Additionally, the atom is referred to as an electron-rich species in nucleophilic processes.Learn more about substitution reaction here:
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viết cấu hình electron
Fe(z=26) Zn(z=30)
Cr(z=24) Cu(z=29)
Answer:
i dont knowww bro lollll
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Question
Choose the words or phrases that apply to this scenario.
Several experiments in the 1800s demonstrated that the tips of plants are responsible for detecting light, which causes the stem of the plant to elongate and bend towards the light.
Which of these phrases are accurate about the experimental design and its validity? (Choose 3)
A The light levels should increase during the experiment as the plant grows.The light levels should increase during the experiment as the plant grows.
B All species of plants behave the same way.All species of plants behave the same way.
C The experiment should be repeatable by the same researcher.The experiment should be repeatable by the same researcher.
D A control plant with no light or top light would likely show no bending.A control plant with no light or top light would likely show no bending.
E The experiment should be replicated by different researchers.
The accurate phrases abut the study design and validity are:
All species of plants behave the same way A control plant with no light or top light would likely show no bending.The experiment should be replicated by different researchers.What is the role of light in the growth of plants?The role of light in the growth of plants is important as light is necessary for photosynthesis.
The growth regions of a plant are the shoots and the roots.
The shoots of plants show positive phototaxis by growing towards a unidirectional light source.
A unidirectional light source is light that comes from one direction.
The growth region of the shoot, that is the tips produces hormones which enable the tip of the plant to grow towards the light source.
Considering the given experiment , the accurate phrases abut the study design and validity are:
All species of plants behave the same way A control plant with no light or top light would likely show no bending.The experiment should be replicated by different researchers.In conclusion, the experiment to demonstrate the bending of plants shoots towards a light source should include a control and must be repeated by other researchers,
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what is ""volatility"" and why is the volatility of the hexane important in this experiment?
Volatility refers to the tendency of a substance to evaporate and turn into a gas at a given temperature.
In the context of an experiment, the volatility of hexane is important because it can affect the accuracy of the results.
What is volatility?The volatility of a substance is determined by its chemical properties, such as its boiling point and intermolecular forces.
Hexane is often used as a solvent in chemistry experiments because it has a low boiling point and evaporates quickly. However, the rapid evaporation of hexane can make it difficult to control the amount of hexane in a solution, which can lead to errors in the measurements.
Furthermore, the volatility of hexane can also pose a safety hazard if proper precautions are not taken. Hexane vapors can be harmful if inhaled, and can also be flammable if they come into contact with a spark or flame. Therefore, it is important to handle hexane with care and use it in a well-ventilated area.
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please help. I was hoping someone could explain it , cause I have no idea what I'm doing PLEASE HELP. ASAP!!!!
The additional information that is required to obtain the enthalpy of neutralization is the density of the solution.
What is the enthalpy?We know that the enthalpy of neutralization is defined as the heat that is evolved when an acid is neutralized by a base under standard conditions. We can be able to obtain the enthalpy of the neutralization of the acid and the base by performance of some simple chemical calculations.
To carry out this calculations we need the all of the pieces of information that have been listed in the question such as the masses of the solution, the temperature of the solution in the initial and final states and so on.
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Determine the molar solubility of BaF2 in a solution containing 0.0750 M LiF. Ksp (BaF2) = 1.7 × 10^-6.
A) 2.3 × 10^-5 M
B) 8.5 × 10^-7 M
C) 1.2 × 10^-2 M
D) 0.0750 M
E) 3.0 × 10^-4 M
To determine the molar solubility of BaF2 in a solution containing 0.0750 M LiF, we need to use the common ion effect.
First, we need to write the balanced equation for the dissolution of BaF2:
BaF2(s) ⇌ Ba2+(aq) + 2F-(aq)
The Ksp expression for BaF2 is:
Ksp = [Ba2+][F-]2
We are given that Ksp = 1.7 × 10^-6.
Next, we need to consider the effect of the added LiF on the solubility of BaF2. Since LiF also contains F- ions, it will shift the equilibrium to the left, decreasing the solubility of BaF2.
Let's assume that x moles of BaF2 dissolve in the presence of 0.0750 M LiF. Then, the equilibrium concentrations of Ba2+ and F- will be:
[Ba2+] = x
[F-] = 2x + 0.0750
We can substitute these into the Ksp expression and solve for x:
1.7 × 10^-6 = x(2x + 0.0750)2
Solving this quadratic equation gives us:
x = 8.5 × 10^-7 M
Therefore, the molar solubility of BaF2 in a solution containing 0.0750 M LiF is option B) 8.5 × 10^-7 M.
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In order to break water into hydrogen and oxygen, water is heated to more than 500°C. Which kind of reaction is this and
why?
It is endothermic because heat needs to be absorbed by the reactants to form the products.
It is exothermic because heat needs to be released by the reactants to form the products.
It is endothermic because heat needs to be released by the reactants to form the products.
It is exothermic because heat needs to be absorbed by the reactants to form the products.
It is exothermic because heat needs to be released by the reactants to form the products.
Splitting of water moleculesWater molecule is made up of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen. That is H2O.
An exothermic reaction is the reaction in which energy, in the form of heat, is released into the environment. Some examples of exothermic reaction are:
Splitting of water moleculesRusting of iron andBurning of sugar.Splitting of water molecule involves a process called thermal dissociation reaction which uses high temperature to split water molecules into its two components such as hydrogen and oxygen.
Here, the reactants absorbs the heat which is needed to form the products.
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Why is it dangerous to heat a liquid in a distilling apparatus that is closed tightly at every joint and has no vent to the atmosphere? Based on your understanding of the relationship between intermolecular interactions and boiling points, which liquid would you expect to have a lower boiling point, cyclohexanol or cyclohexene (below)? Draw a molecular-level picture of the types of intermolecular interactions you would expect in a solution of the pure liquid.
It is dangerous to heat a liquid in a closed distilling apparatus without a vent to the atmosphere because pressure builds up as the liquid vaporizes. This can lead to an explosion or equipment failure.
When a liquid is heated, its molecules gain energy and eventually transform into vapor. In a closed system, the vapor has nowhere to escape, causing an increase in pressure within the apparatus. As the pressure continues to rise, it can exceed the capacity of the equipment, leading to potential hazards such as an explosion or damage to the apparatus.
Regarding the boiling points of cyclohexanol and cyclohexene, cyclohexanol is expected to have a higher boiling point due to the presence of hydrogen bonding. Cyclohexanol has an OH group which can form hydrogen bonds, while cyclohexene lacks this functional group and can only form weaker London dispersion forces.
A molecular-level picture of cyclohexanol would show its molecules interconnected by hydrogen bonds between the oxygen atom of the OH group in one molecule and the hydrogen atom of the OH group in another molecule. In contrast, a molecular-level picture of cyclohexene would show its molecules interacting through weaker London dispersion forces, with no specific bond formation between them.
It is crucial to have a vent in a distilling apparatus to avoid dangerous pressure buildup. Based on intermolecular interactions, cyclohexanol has a higher boiling point due to hydrogen bonding, while cyclohexene has a lower boiling point due to weaker London dispersion forces.
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What mass of CO2 would you need so that you had 2.5 moles of it?
A:44g
B: 88g
C. 110g
D: 132g
what is the current estimate for the number of photographs snapped in a year? over half-a-trillion over 380 billion nearly one trillion 350 million
The latest estimate for the annual number of photos taken is 1.72 trillion.
In 2022, how many pictures?People are taking more images all around the world, and Rise Above Research, a consulting organization that conducts market research for the digital imaging sector, predicts that the total number of photos taken worldwide will reach 1.5 trillion in 2022.
How many pictures are taken annually?Around the world, 1.72 trillion images are taken annually, or 54,400 each second or 4.7 billion per day. Every year, around 2.3 trillion pictures will be taken by 2030. Photutorial research indicates that 1.2 trillion photos were shot globally in 2021. In 2022, the amount will rise to 1.72 trillion.
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Please help I will give brainliest!
What is the velocity of a wave with a wavelength of 0.03 m and a frequency of
120 Hz?
Answer:
3.6m/s
Explanation:
v= fλ
v= 120* 0.03
v= 3.6 m/s
Which horizon in a soil profile is known as topsoil? This rich, darker soil is alive with bacteria, algae, and fungi.Question 6 options:horizon Bhorizon Ohorizon Ahorizon C
Answer:
its horizon O
Explanation:
When the o is h is horizon O
Give three properties of organic compounds
The there properties of organic compounds are
melting pointboiling pointindex of refractionMatter can not be created nor destroyed: it can only be
a)Destroyed a little bit
b)Invisible
c)Transformed, changed
d)None of the above
Answer:
C- transforemed or changed
Explanation:
matter can be changed by application of heat or cold
NEED HELP FAST!!! Suppose someone gave you a picture of an electron dot diagram. What would be included in your interpretation of the diagram?
PLEASE HELP!!!!!!
Bonding is demonstrated using electron dot diagrams by representing the valence electrons that form bonds.
What do you mean by Bonding?
Atoms in molecules are joined by a chemical bond. Electrostatic forces between negatively charged electrons and positively charged atomic nuclei give rise to bonds.
An electron dot diagram is a representation of the arrangement of valence electrons around an atomic symbol.
The outermost shell contains valence electrons, which are electrons. By representing the valence electrons, which are the ones responsible for bonding, in electron dot diagrams bonding is demonstrated.
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How many grams are in 4.5 mol of CO2?
Answer: 44.0095 grams.
Explanation: The SI base unit for amount of substance is the mole. 1 mole is equal to 1 moles CO2,
If you have half a mole of octane (c8h18), how much water is produced? 2c8h18 + 25o2 --> 16co2 + 18h2o
Answer:
4.5 moles H₂O
or
81.072 g H₂O
Explanation:
I am not exactly sure whether you want moles H₂O or grams H₂O. So, I'll calculate both. To find the moles H₂O, you'll need to covert moles C₈H₁₈ to moles H₂O via the mole-to-mole ratio from the reaction coefficients. To find the grams H₂O, you need to convert moles H₂O to grams H₂O via the molar mass.
2 C₈H₁₈ + 25 O₂ ---> 16 CO₂ + 18 H₂O
0.5 mole C₈H₁₈ 18 moles H₂O
----------------------- x ------------------------- = 4.5 moles H₂O
2 moles C₈H₁₈
Molar Mass (H₂O): 2(1.008 g/mol) + 16.00 g/mol
Molar Mass (H₂O): 18.016 g/mol
4.5 moles H₂O 18.016 g
---------------------- x ---------------- = 81.072 g H₂O
1 mole
Which Bohr diagram is drawn INCORRECTLY?
0 iv
O i
Oii
Pls helppp
Answer:
It is indeed c (II) because there can only be 2 electrons on the first layer
Explanation:
suppose you saw statue made of solid silver medal in the museum US meet at the statues volume of 8 L if you wanted to steal the statue would you be able to lift it by yourself or would you need to bring along a friend to help carry it? The Density of Silver per cm^3 is 10.5. 1 liter is equivalent to 1000cm^3
The volume of the statue = 8 L
The density of the silver = 10.5 per \(cm^{3}\)
The mass of the statue is x kg
As we know,
\(Density = \frac{Mass}{Volume}\)
Therefore, \(10.5 = \frac{x}{8} \\x = 10.5\) × \(8 = 84 kg.\)
So, the weight of the statue is heavy. You have to took help of your friend to carry the statue.
The density of a substance indicates how dense it is in a particular area. Mass per unit volume is the definition of a material's density. In essence, density is a measurement of how closely stuff is packed.
It is a special physical characteristic of a certain thing. The Greek scientist Archimedes made the discovery of the density principle.
If you are familiar with the formula and the relevant units, calculating density is simple. The letter D can also be used to signify density instead of the symbol.
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Which of these does not cause seasonal change?
A.the tilt of the Earth’s axis
B.the Earth’s orbit around the sun
C.the Earth’s distance from the sun
D.which side of the Earth is tilted toward the sun
Answer:
C.the Earth’s distance from the sun
Explanation:
Distance Does Not Cause Seasons
It is a common misconception that seasons occur because of Earth's elliptical orbit around the Sun, with winter occurring when Earth is farthest away from the Sun, and summer when it is closest to it. However, our planet's distance from the Sun has little effect on the onset of seasons.
The distance of the earth from the sun does not cause seasonal change. Therefore, option (C) is correct.
What is the reason for the seasonal changes?The seasons are changing depending on the sunlight reaching the Earth as it orbits around the sun during the year. The season changes are caused by the Earth as it is tilted on its axis. The earth travels each year in a loop around the sun.
The hemisphere of the Earth has tilted towards or away from the Sun. Because of that, there are different types of seasons are formed which are experienced in a whole year.
Summer season occurs on the earth when the hemisphere is tilted towards the sun and winter occurs in the hemisphere tilted away from the sun.
Because sunrays travel directly to the surface of Earth, the hemisphere which is tilted toward the sun is warmer. So they are less scattered in the atmosphere.
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which of the following is a reason to protect biodiversity?
Answer:
C. people rely on ecosystem services provided by intact ecosystems
Explanation:
:) Comment was correct! <3
Protecting and managing biodiversity resources is a crucial part of maintaining ecological harmony and ensuring the survival of species' future generations so that they can live long healthy lives. The correct option is C.
In order to stop the extinction of species, biodiversity should be protected. To keep nature in balance, it is conserved. Other organisms will suffer if one species in the food chain becomes extinct.
The systems that sustain all life on Earth, including humans, depend on biodiversity. We cannot have the healthy ecosystems that we depend on to give us the air we breathe and the food we consume without a diverse variety of animals, plants, and microorganisms.
Thus the correct option is C.
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Easyyyyy plz ...................
Permanent hardness of water is caused by dissolved :-
A) CaCl
B) Ca(HCO3)2
C) Mg(HCO3)2
D) NaOH
Answer:
The answer is B
Explanation:
Answer:
Hello!
Your answer is B) Ca(HCO3)2!!
Explanation:
Hope this helps you!!
itsMATT04
:>
Please help fast i will be so happy please
1. Explain why smokeless tobacco causes more oral cancer than smoking:
2. Why doesn't smokeless tobacco have tar and carbon monoxide in it?
Answer:
1.Some smokeless tobacco products might expose people to lower levels of harmful chemicals than tobacco smoke, but that doesn’t mean these products are a safe alternative to smoking.
2.Tobacco smoke is made up of thousands of chemicals, including at least 70 known to cause cancer. These cancer-causing chemicals are referred to as carcinogens. Some of the chemicals found in tobacco smoke include.
Explanation:
brainleist please
6.Find the empirical formula of a compound that contains:19.16 g Sodium1.680 g Hydrogen25.81 g Phosphorus
The empitical formula shows the simplest ratio of elements in a compound (not the total number of atoms in the molecule).
So to find the empirical formula we need to calculate how many moles of each atom we have in this sample. Then we will see the ratio of each element.
We are given the mass, so to convert it to moles we use the molar mass. For this we go to the periodic table and see that the values for each element are:
Na (sodium): 22,99 g/mol
H (hydrogen): 1 g/mol
P (phosphorus): 25,81 g/mol
So we calculate the moles of each element as follows:
\(\begin{gathered} moles_{Na}=\frac{Mass_{Na}}{Molar\text{ }mass_{Na}}=\frac{19.16g}{22.99g/mol}=0.833\text{ mol} \\ moles_H=\frac{Mass_H}{Molar\text{ }mass_H}\text{ }=\frac{1.68g}{1g/mol}=1.68mol \\ moles_P=\frac{Mass_P}{Molar\text{m}ass_P}\text{=}\frac{25.81g}{30.97\frac{g}{mol}}=0.833mol \end{gathered}\)And as we see, for every 0.833 moles of Na we have the same number of moles of P, so the ratio of these elements in the molecule is 1 to 1.
As for the hydrogen:
\(\frac{moles_{Na}}{moles_H}=\frac{0.833}{1.68}\approx\frac{1}{2}\)So the ratio Na to H is 1 to 2.
Now we can write the empirical formula as follows=
\(NaH_2P\)
Provide the molecular formula for the proper reagent to give the highest yield in the conversion of (1S,3S)-3-methylcyclohexan-1-ol into (1R,3S)-1-chloro-3-methylcyclohexane. Stereochemistry must be taken into account. If your answer includes superscripts or subscripts, make sure that you include them.
The molecular formula for the proper reagent to give the highest yield in the conversion of (1S,3S)-3-methylcyclohexan-1-ol into (1R,3S)-1-chloro-3-methylcyclohexane while considering stereochemistry is:
Thionyl chloride (SOCl2)
Thionyl chloride (SOCl2) is commonly used for the conversion of alcohols to alkyl chlorides. In this specific case, it will result in the inversion of the stereochemistry at the carbon bearing the hydroxyl group (C1), while maintaining the stereochemistry at carbon C3.
The reaction proceeds as follows:
(1S,3S)-3-methylcyclohexan-1-ol + SOCl2 → (1R,3S)-1-chloro-3-methylcyclohexane + HCl + SO2
Thionyl chloride (SOCl2) reacts with the alcohol to form an alkyl chloride, with the chlorine substituting the hydroxyl group. The stereochemistry at C1 is inverted, resulting in the (1R,3S) configuration in the final product.
Please note that this is a general answer based on the given stereochemistry. The reaction conditions and other factors may need to be considered for a specific reaction setup.
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How many moles of sulfur are in 53.7 grams of sulfur?
Answer:
1.67 moles (find this by dividing 53.7 by the gram formula mass of sulfur, which is about 32.1)
What information does a chemist get from a chemical formula?
Answer:
the elements in a compound and the relative proportions of those elements.
Which process, in order, would be necessary for this sequence of the rock cycle:
rock → metamorphic rock → igneous rock
Heat and pressure → melting → cooling
Weathering and erosion → compaction → weathering and erosion
Melting → cooling → melting → erosion
Cooling → melting → cooling → weathering and erosion
Answer:
may be the answer is Heat and pressure - melting - cooling
If an object has a density of 0.55 g/mL, what is its density in g/L (PLEASE HELP)
Answer:
glycerin
Explanation:
the amind acid of glycrine is 0.18 g/MLA.
a. Identify the type of reaction shown:
Li + CaCl2 ---> LiCl + Ca
Answer:
single-replacement reactions
Explanation:
A single-replacement reaction is defined as a chemical reaction in which one strong element replace the other weak element.
The given chemical equation Li + CaCl2 ---> LiCl + Ca is an example of single-replacement reactions in which Lithium (Li) is stronger than Calcium (Ca) and replaces calcium to form bond with Chloride.
Hence, the correct answer is "single-replacement reactions".