How was the use of model organisms advanced our knowledge of the genes that control human diseases?
Answers
The use of model organisms has greatly advanced our understanding of the genes and molecular pathways that control human diseases, and has paved the way for the development of new treatments and therapies.
Model organisms are non-human species that are used in scientific research to study biological processes and disease mechanisms. By studying model organisms, researchers can gain insights into the genes and molecular mechanisms that underlie various human diseases.
For example, researchers have used the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster to study the genetics of eye development, which has led to a better understanding of human eye diseases.
Model organisms also share many genetic and physiological similarities with humans, making them useful tools for studying human disease.
For instance, the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans has been used to study genetic mutations that cause Parkinson's disease, while mice have been used to study the genetic basis of cancer and to test potential treatments.
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Related Questions
Identify the importance of water. check all that apply. it ensures life on earth can exist. it is a part of all organic compounds. it is used by plants for photosynthesis. it is the main component of many biological components, including blood.
Answers
Answer:
A, C, D
Explanation:
I said so
Answer:
A,C,D
Explanation:
e2020
Are
graded potential local to the dendrites anf soma of a neuron? Yes
or no? No explanation needed
Answers
Yes, graded potentials are local to the dendrites and soma of a neuron.
Graded potentials are changes in the membrane potential of a neuron that occur in response to incoming signals. They can be either depolarizing (making the cell more positive) or hyperpolarizing (making the cell more negative). Graded potentials are called "graded" because their magnitude can vary, depending on the strength of the stimulus.
These potentials are typically generated in the dendrites and soma (cell body) of a neuron, where they serve as local signals. Graded potentials can result from the opening or closing of ion channels in response to neurotransmitters, sensory stimuli, or other electrical signals.
Unlike action potentials, which are all-or-nothing events that propagate along the axon, graded potentials do not propagate as far and decay over short distances. However, if a graded potential is strong enough, it can trigger the initiation of an action potential at the axon hillock, leading to the transmission of the signal down the neuron.
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Which choice best describes how DNA fingerprinting has improved the identification of organisms?
A.Scientists can identify which genes are connected to specific adaptations.
B.DNA sequences are unique for each species and can be directly compared.
C. Most organisms share the vast majority of their DNA.
D.An organism's DNA is constantly changing.
Answers
3 interesting facts about strokes
Answers
Answer:
Stroke Facts
In 2018, 1 in every 6 deaths from cardiovascular disease was due to stroke.
Someone in the United States has a stroke every 40 seconds. ...
Every year, more than 795,000 people in the United States have a stroke. ...
About 185,000 strokes—nearly 1 of 4—are in people who have had a previous stroke.
I gave you more than three just in case you don't think of one
Raj made the timeline below to show the progression of thinkers who developed theories about Earth's place in the universe. ? À Copernicus à Galileo à Newton Which thinker belongs at the beginning of Raj's timeline? Aristotle Kepler Ptolemy Thales
Answers
Answer:
Ptolemy
Explanation:
Ptolemy is the earliest earliest astronomer and mathematician in the list who lived and worked in the second century AD. Nothing is known about his personal life but his scientific work is well known.
He made his observations using naked eyes. In his opinion, the Universe is ''a set of nested, transparent spheres, with Earth in the center.''(Khan Academy). His argument was that the Moon, Mercury, Venus, and the Sun were all revolving around around Earth.
Although Ptolemy made significant contributions in Astronomy but he was wrong in positing that the earth did not move at all. This is inconsistent with our present day knowledge about the celestial bodies. Also, his work missed out other planets that were yet to be discovered then such as Uranus, Neptune, Pluto etc.
rituximab targets which tumor specific antigen?
Answers
Rituximab targets the CD20 antigen on tumor cells.
Rituximab targets is a monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of certain types of cancer, particularly B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. It specifically targets the CD20 antigen, which is a cell surface marker expressed on the surface of B-lymphocytes, including both normal and malignant B-cells.
By binding to the CD20 antigen, rituximab triggers a variety of immune-mediated mechanisms that lead to the destruction of the targeted B-cells. These mechanisms include antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), and induction of apoptosis.
The CD20 antigen is an attractive target for therapy because it is highly expressed on B-cell lymphomas and leukemias, making it a tumor-specific antigen. By selectively binding to CD20-positive cells, rituximab can selectively destroy malignant B-cells while sparing normal cells that do not express CD20.
In summary, rituximab targets the CD20 antigen on tumor cells, allowing for specific and targeted therapy against B-cell lymphomas and leukemias.
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Observations - Write in the observations
from the picture you watched
Inferences - Write your inference for what the student is
describing. Be sure to reference the Observations you wrote
down
Answers
Answer:
observation :- the stone hills and land lily
Inference :- the students r good seeing nature
What is the purpose of ethical guidelines for the handling of experimental subjects?
a. to help scientists plan an experiment in which no animals or humans are harmed
b. to make sure that the hypothesis is revenant to the research question
c. to list all of the materials that are needed to perform an experiment on garden plants
d. to indicate that the research question under investigation has never been asked before
Answers
The purpose of ethical guidelines for the handling of experimental subjects is to help scientists plan an experiment in which no animals or humans are harmed. The answer is a.
These guidelines aim to prevent any physical, psychological, or emotional harm to the subjects involved in the experiment. They also ensure that the experiment is designed to achieve its scientific objectives without compromising the dignity, welfare, and safety of the subjects.
The guidelines require that researchers obtain informed consent from the subjects, maintain confidentiality of their data, and minimize any risks or discomfort associated with the study.
Adhering to ethical guidelines promotes the integrity and credibility of research and helps to maintain public trust in scientific studies. Hence, a. is the right answer.
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Asthma is... Question 38 options: a) caused by Myobacterium tuberculosis. b) due to an excessive stimulation of smooth muscle in bronchioles. c) an obstructive tumor targeting primarily the terminal bronchioles. d) a collapsed lung resulting from insufficient production of surfactant. e) characterized by fluid buildup in the alveoli
Answers
Answer:
The answer is b) due to an excessive stimulation of smooth muscle in bronchioles.
Can someone please help me? :( I will give brainliest!!
Answers
Answer:
lower temperatures. brainliest would be much appriciated
Growth of chest hair, deepening of the voice, and muscle growth are secondary sex characteristics. Which structure or structures produce substances most likely to affect the development of these traits?
Answers
The development of secondary sex characteristics such as the growth of chest hair, deepening of the voice, and muscle growth is primarily influenced by sex hormones.
In males, these traits are primarily driven by the production of androgens, particularly testosterone, which is produced by the testes. Testosterone is responsible for the development and maintenance of male secondary sex characteristics.
The testes are the main structures that produce testosterone. They contain specialized cells called Leydig cells, which produce and release testosterone into the bloodstream. Once in circulation, testosterone exerts its effects on various target tissues throughout the body.
Testosterone stimulates the growth of hair follicles in certain areas of the body, leading to the development of chest hair. It also affects the vocal cords, causing them to lengthen and thicken, resulting in a deeper voice. Furthermore, testosterone promotes muscle growth and development, leading to increased muscle mass and strength.
While other tissues and organs in the body also produce small amounts of testosterone, the testes are the primary source of this hormone in males. The production and release of testosterone from the testes play a crucial role in the development of these secondary sex characteristics.
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Use the drop down menus to match the structure to its definition.
✔ tonsils
Two oval shaped tissues at the back of the throat that prevent infection by trapping pathogens that enter the nose and the mouth.
✔ spleen
An organ near the stomach that filters blood, stores red blood cells, destroys old red blood cells, and contains lymphocytes.
✔ adenoids
Spongy tissues at the back of the nasal cavity that prevent infection by trapping pathogens that enter through the nose.
Answers
Answer:
That is correct?
Explanation:
why is the blood red in color?
Answers
Answer:
human blood is red because of the protein hemoglobin, which contains a red-colored compound called heme that's crucial for carrying oxygen through your bloodstream. Heme contains an iron atom which binds to oxygen; it's this molecule that transports oxygen from your lungs to other parts of the body.
Explanation:
At a pressure of 5. 0 atmospheres, a sample of gas occupies 40 liters. What volume will the same sample hold at 1. 0 atmosphere?.
Answers
At a pressure of 5. 0 atmospheres, a sample of gas occupies 40 liters, then the volume that the same sample will hold at 1. 0 atmosphere will be 200 liter.
What is Boyle's law?Boyle's law is an experimental gas law that explains the relationship between pressure and volume of a confined gas.
Using the formula for Boyle's law :
P1V1= P2V2
where,
P1 is initial pressure; P2 is final pressure; V1 is initial volume and V2 is the final volume.
Given P1 = 5 atm, V1= 40 l and P2 = 1atm
V2= P1V1/P2
= (5*40)/1
= 200 liter
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which of the following best explains why triploid bananas do not produce seeds? responses the cells of the banana plant are unable to replicate dnadna, thus preventing cell division and limiting growth. the cells of the banana plant are unable to replicate d n a , thus preventing cell division and limiting growth. the banana plants lack enough genetic diversity to properly hybridize. the banana plants lack enough genetic diversity to properly hybridize. the production of gametes is disrupted because of unequal pairing of homologous chromosomes during meiosis. the production of gametes is disrupted because of unequal pairing of homologous chromosomes during meiosis. the production of seeds is not required because triploid plants produce gametes without fertilization.
Answers
DNA replication is not possible in the banana plant's cells, which prevents cell division and restricts growth.
Successful seed germination is extremely rare in triploids because they rarely produce eggs or sperm with a balanced set of chromosomes.
Most sterile plants don't produce any fruits, and triploid bananas are sterile. The banana fruit, which is the mammalian equivalent of a placenta without fertilisation or an embryo, is produced without any seeds, however. Bananas are sterile and seedless, like other odd polyploids (with three sets of chromosomes), because one set of chromosomes (A or B) lacks a homologous set to pair with during synapsis of meiosis. Because of this, meiosis is disrupted, and no viable gametes (sex cells) are produced.
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Description 1_ In your own worlds explain how the Western Blot technique works and give some examples of it's application 2_ In your own work explain how the ELISA techniques works and give some examples of it's application
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Western Blot technique The Western blot technique is a commonly used laboratory technique that allows researchers to detect specific proteins in a sample and determine their size.
The procedure involves separating proteins using gel electrophoresis, then transferring them to a membrane. The membrane is then treated with antibodies that bind specifically to the protein of interest, allowing for detection through various methods such as chemiluminescence or fluorescence.Some examples of the applications of Western blotting include:1. Detecting viral infections such as HIV or Hepatitis C2. Identifying proteins that are involved in disease processes such as cancer.
Detecting infectious diseases such as Lyme disease or Zika virus Identifying allergens in food or environmental samples. Measuring levels of hormones or other biomarkers in clinical samples such as blood or urineIn conclusion, both Western blotting and ELISA are powerful techniques that allow researchers to detect and measure specific proteins in a sample. While they have different mechanisms of action, they share a common goal of providing valuable insights into the molecular processes that underlie many biological phenomena.
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Please help! Due tomorrow
Answers
For the original sequence:
Original DNA Sequence: TACACCTTGGCGACGACTmRNA Sequence: AUGUGGAACCGCUGCUGAAmino Acid Sequence: Met-Trp-Asn-Arg-Leu-ArgWhat are the different mutated sequences?Mutated DNA Sequence #1: TACATCTTG
mRNA Sequence: AUGUAUCCU
Amino Acid Sequence: Met-Tyr-Pro
(Circle the change) A substitution mutation occurred at position 6.
What kind of mutation is this? This is a point mutation.
How many amino acids are different? The entire amino acid sequence is different.
Mutated DNA Sequence #2: TACGACCTTGGCGACGACT
mRNA Sequence: AUGCUGGAACCUGCGACU
(Circle the change) A substitution mutation occurred at position 4.
What will be the amino acid sequence? Met-Leu-Asn-Leu-Arg-Thr
How many amino acids are different? One amino acid is different.
What kind of mutation is this? This is a point mutation.
Mutated DNA Sequence #3: TACACCTTAGCGACGACT
mRNA Sequence: AUGUGGAUUCGCUUCUGA
(Circle the change) A substitution mutation occurred at position 9.
What will be the amino acid sequence? Met-Trp-Phe-Ala-Leu-Arg
How many amino acids are different? One amino acid is different.
What kind of mutation is this? This is a point mutation.
Mutated DNA Sequence #4: TACACCTTGGCGACT.ACT
mRNA Sequence: AUGUGGAACCGUGACUAC
(Circle the change) An insertion mutation occurred at position 12.
What will be the amino acid sequence? Met-Trp-Asn-Pro-Asp-Tyr
How many amino acids are different? Two amino acids are different.
What kind of mutation is this? This is a frameshift mutation.
Mutated DNA Sequence #5: TACACCTTGGGACGACT
What will be the corresponding mRNA sequence? AUGUGGAGGCCUGCUGA
What will be the amino acid sequence? Met-Trp-Arg-Pro-Leu-Arg
What kind of mutation is this? This is an insertion mutation.
How many amino acids are different? One amino acid is different.
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What makes a plant a plant?
1. Multicellular
2. Eukaryotic
3. Photosynthetic
4. __________________
I just need the 4th, any ideas? Thank you!
Answers
Explanation:
autotrops
......................
they are the producer
Mitosis and cytoplasmic division result in the formation of two genetically identical cells.
Answers
True. Mitosis and cytoplasmic division result in the formation of two genetically identical cells.
What is Mitosis?Mitosis is the division of vegetative cells.
It is also referred to as equational division because both the parent cell and the resulting daughter cells contain the same amount of genetic materials.
Also, the daughter cells produced in mitosis have identical genetic materials with their parent. This also makes them be morphologically similar to their parent.
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Explain why the calculated value for the conduction
velocity is slower than you would expect for the conduction
velocity of a motor neuron?
Answers
The calculated value for the conduction velocity is slower than you would expect for the conduction velocity of a motor neuron because of the variables that affect it.
These variables include the length of the axon, the amount of myelination, and the number of synapses along the way. The conduction velocity of motor neurons is relatively fast due to their large diameters and myelinated axons. Conduction velocities of 70-120 m/s have been reported in some motor neurons. The conduction velocity is inversely proportional to the resistance of the axon and directly proportional to the capacitance of the axon membrane.
The size and myelination of axons also have a significant impact on the conduction velocity. The velocity of nerve conduction is primarily influenced by the level of myelination of the nerve fibers. Fibers with more extensive myelination have quicker conduction velocities. The length of the axon can also have an impact on the conduction velocity.
Shorter axons typically conduct faster than longer ones because of the shorter distance for the impulse to travel. Additionally, the amount of synapses in the pathway can affect the conduction velocity because each synapse will introduce a delay in the transmission of the impulse.
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The dartos muscle:
a) causes wrinkling of the skin of the scrotum.
b) is found in the scrotal septum.
c) relaxes in response to warmth, contracts in response to cold.
d) all of these choices
Answers
The correct option is d) all of these choices .The dartos muscle causes wrinkling of the skin of the scrotum, is found in the scrotal septum, and relaxes in response to warmth, contracts in response to cold.
The dartos muscle is a type of smooth muscle that is located in the scrotum. It lies beneath the scrotal skin and is responsible for controlling the size and shape of the scrotum. The scrotum is the pouch that contains the testes in the male reproductive system. The dartos muscle has three primary functions:1. It causes wrinkling of the skin of the scrotum.
This helps to regulate the temperature of the testes by reducing the amount of surface area exposed to the outside environment.2. It is found in the scrotal septum. This is the tissue that divides the scrotum into two compartments, each containing one testis. The dartos muscle helps to keep the septum in place.3. It relaxes in response to warmth, contracts in response to cold. This helps to maintain the temperature of the testes within the optimal range for spermatogenesis.
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Which structure inside plant cells helps in photosynthesis?
Chloroplast
Mitochondrion
Nucleus
Vacuole
Answers
Answer:
chloroplasts
Explanation:
chloroplasts
Photosynthesis takes place in chloroplasts; cell walls allow plants to have strong, upright structures; and vacuoles help regulate how cells handle water and storage of other molecules.
Answer:
Chloroplast
Explanation:
photosynthesis takes place in chloroplasts
How long does it take for sedimentary rock to melt into magma
Answers
Answer:
1.3 million years
A heterozygous woman carrying the recessive gene for color blindness marries a man who is red/green color blind. Assume the dominant gene is XC (allelle for normal vision) and the recessive gene is Xc (determines clolr blindeness). The mother's genotype is XCXc and the father's is XcY. What percentage of children will be color blind? What percentage of children will be normal? What will be the genotype of the F1 generation?
Answers
Percentage of children to be color blind- 50%
Percentage of children to be normal- 50%
Genotypes of F1 generation: XCXc , XcXc, XCY, XcY
Explanation:
If we cross multiply these genotypes XCXc and XcY, the resulting offspring would be:
XCXc – normal vision female- 25%
XcXc – colorblind female- 25%
XCY – normal male- 25%
XcY- color blind male- 25%
a behavioral effect associated with extinction in which the behavior suddenly begins to occur after its frequency has decreased to its pre-reinforcement level or stopped entirely.
Answers
The behavioral effect associated with extinction in which the behavior suddenly begins to occur after its frequency has decreased to its pre-reinforcement level or stopped entirely is known as "spontaneous recovery."
Spontaneous recovery refers to the temporary reappearance of an extinguished behavior after a period of rest or time has passed without any reinforcement. Despite the behavior being previously extinguished, it may resurface spontaneously, typically at a lower frequency or intensity compared to its original level. This phenomenon can occur because the underlying associations or memories associated with the behavior are not completely erased during extinction. Spontaneous recovery highlights the partial and temporary nature of extinction and suggests that previously learned behaviors can be susceptible to reemergence under certain conditions, even after apparent extinction has occurred.
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Which organelle accurately completed the chart
Answers
Answer:
lysosome
Explanation:
como se forma la orina
Answers
Answer: Las nefronas de los riñones procesan la sangre y crean orina a través de un proceso de filtración, reabsorción y secreción.
Explanation:
Particles that become planets
Answers
Explanation:
The planets in our Solar System are believed to have formed from the same spinning disc of dust that formed the Sun. This disc, called the solar nebula, was composed mainly of hydrogen and helium, but also had other elements in smaller proportions.
Do organisms work together to form another level of organization?
Answers
predict what would happen to the algae in the light cuvette if we were to place them in the dark at the end of the lab. what process would they undergo?
Answers
Photosynthesis is the process by which light energy is transformed to chemical energy, resulting in the formation of organic molecules from carbon dioxide and water.
The process happens in practically all algae, and much of what we know about photosynthesis was uncovered through research on the green alga Chlorella. The indicator solution changes from red to yellow when students place the algae beads in the dark using aluminum foil. As a result of cellular respiration, carbon dioxide is released into the solution, making it more acidic.
Photosynthesis occurs very quickly in algae. Due to photosynthetic inefficiency, algae that grow under green LED light and complete darkness create less oxygen and cells than algae that grow under white LED light.
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