Answers
The master mix now contains: 0.16 mL of 10 µM ethanol, 0.2 ml of 10 µM NAD, and 0.54 mL buffer. The substrate concentration of the master mix is
a = 0.0016 mM
This is further explained below.
How do find the substrate concentration of the master mix?Generally, Ethanol is acting as the substrate for this master mixture.
The following formula is used in order to determine the amount of ethanol that is included in the master mix:
CiVi= CfVf
Ci equals the starting concentration of ethanol, which is equal to 10 muM. 0.16 milliliters is equal to the volume of ethanol that was consumed initially.
Cf = final concentration, often known as the amount of ethanol present in the master mix = a Vf = final volume, which also refers to the final volume of the master mix = 1 milliliter
Introducing the values into the equation:
CiVi= CfVf
10 uM X 0.16 ml = a X 1 ml
a = (10 uM X 0.16 ml ) / 1ml
a = 1.6 uM
a = 1.6/ 1000 mM ... ( 1\muM = 1/1000 mM )
a = 0.0016 mM
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Related Questions
4-ethyl-2-methyl-3-propyl heptanoic acid
drawing
Answers
The structure of the 4-ethyl-2-methyl-3-propyl heptanoic acid is shown in the image attached
How do you know the structure of a compound?
The arrangement and connectivity of the atoms within a molecule are referred to as the structure of an organic substance. Along with other elements including oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and halogens, organic molecules are largely made of carbon atoms bound to hydrogen atoms.
It is crucial to remember that organic compounds can exist in several isomeric forms, where the same chemical formula leads to various structural configurations. The connection of atoms or the spatial arrangement of atoms in three-dimensional space might vary between isomers.
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If 56 J of heat is added to an aluminum can with a mass of 23.6 g , what is its temperature change? Specific heat capacity of aluminum is 0.903 J/g∘C.
Answers
Answer:
2.627775588 degrees Celsius (with 2 sig figs)
Explanation:
We need to use our equation q=m×s×(change in temp) and solve for our change in temperature. So divide both sides by m×s and you'll get:
Change in temp=q/(m×s) Where q= J of heat m=mass and s= specific heat
So now we just plug our numbers in:
56J/(23.6g×0.903J/g°C)= 2.627775588 and since 56 only has 2 sig figs, we round the final answer to 2.6°C
what are neutral salts
Answers
Answer:
Salts that produce acidic solutions are acid salts. Neutral salts are those salts that are neither acidic nor basic. Zwitterions contain an anionic and a cationic centre in the same molecule, but are not considered to be salts. Examples of zwitterions include amino acids, many metabolites, peptides, and proteins.
Explanation:
Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu. Fats obtained from a variety of foods are essential nutrients but may be harmful to the body in some forms. ____are healthy fats that have at least one double bond in the fatty acid chain. Most____are artificially hydrogenated fats that have detrimental effects on health.
a. saturated fat
b. unsaturated fat
c. trans fat
Answers
Unsaturated fats are the healthy fats which have at least one double bond in the fatty acid chain. Most trans fats are artificially hydrogenated fats that have detrimental effects on health. Option B and C is correct.
Unsaturated fats are a type of fat that is typically liquid at room temperature and comes from plant-based sources such as nuts, seeds, and vegetable oils. These fats have at least one double bond in the fatty acid chain, which creates kinks in the molecule, preventing them from packing tightly together, and giving them their liquid state.
Trans fats are a type of unsaturated fat that is created when liquid vegetable oils are partially hydrogenated, a process that adds hydrogen atoms to the fatty acid chain, making it more solid and stable at room temperature. Trans fats can be found in many processed foods, such as baked goods, fried foods, and snack foods, as well as in some margarines and shortenings.
Hence, B. C. is the correct option.
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why does every atom of barium has 56 protons and 56 electrons
Answers
In a stable, neutral atom of barium, the number of protons and electrons always remains equal, contributing to the overall stability of the atom.
In an atom, the number of protons determines its atomic number, which is a unique characteristic of each element. Barium has an atomic number of 56, which means that every atom of barium contains 56 protons in its nucleus. The number of protons defines the element itself.
According to the concept of electrical neutrality, an atom is electrically neutral, meaning it has an equal number of protons and electrons. Since barium has 56 protons, it also has 56 electrons orbiting the nucleus. The positive charge of the protons is balanced by the negative charge of the electrons, resulting in a net charge of zero for the atom as a whole.
The number of protons and electrons in an atom remains constant unless there are external influences such as ionization or nuclear reactions. In a stable, neutral atom of barium, the number of protons and electrons always remains equal, contributing to the overall stability of the atom.
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what can lead to the depletion of the ozone layer of earth
a. vehicle exhaust
b. coal fired power plants
c. burning compost
d. use of aerosols
Answers
Answer:
B
Explanation:
The ozone layer, which protects the Earth from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation, can be depleted by a number of factors. The main cause of ozone depletion is the release of certain man-made chemicals, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons, into the atmosphere. These chemicals are found in a range of products, including refrigerants, foam insulation, and fire suppressants, and they can remain in the atmosphere for many years after they are released. When they reach the upper atmosphere, they can break down and release chlorine or bromine atoms, which can react with and destroy ozone molecules.
Therefore, of the four options listed, the use of products containing CFCs and halons (option d) is likely to contribute the most to the depletion of the ozone layer. Vehicle exhaust (option a), coal-fired power plants (option b), and the use of aerosols (option d) can also contribute to ozone depletion, but the levels of ozone-depleting chemicals released by these sources are typically much lower compared to the use of products containing CFCs and halons.
But, coal fired power plants by far release more CO2 than any other source, and they operate around the clock, around the world, so they do the most damage. But, they all can lead to depletion of the ozone layer of the Earth.
Which of the following statements is true about the reactivity of 2-methylbutane towards Br2/hv and Cl2/hv? a. chlorine is more selective than bromine (for halogenation at the 2-carbon as opposed to the 1-, 3-, or 4- carbons) b. chlorine is more reactive than bromine c. both bromine and chlorine react with the alkane via cationic mechanisms d. both bromination and chlorination give optically active product mixtures. please explain your answers
Answers
The correct statement is:
(a) Chlorine is more selective than bromine for halogenation at the 2-carbon as opposed to the 1-, 3-, or 4-carbons.
Determine how to find the true statement about reactivity?Chlorine is more selective than bromine when it comes to halogenation at the 2-carbon of 2-methylbutane. This selectivity is due to the difference in reactivity between chlorine and bromine. Chlorine is more reactive than bromine, meaning it reacts more readily with the alkane.
When 2-methylbutane reacts with Br₂/hv (light), the bromine radical (Br•) abstracts a hydrogen atom from the 2-carbon, resulting in the formation of a 2° carbon radical. However, bromine can also react with the 1°, 3°, or 4° carbons, resulting in a mixture of products.
On the other hand, when 2-methylbutane reacts with Cl₂/hv, the chlorine radical (Cl•) prefers to abstract a hydrogen atom specifically from the 2-carbon due to the greater stability of the resulting 2° carbon radical.
This selectivity leads to the formation of a higher proportion of the 2-chloro-2-methylbutane product compared to the other positions.
Therefore, statement (a) is true, as chlorine is more selective than bromine for halogenation at the 2-carbon of 2-methylbutane.
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If you are given a piece of rock sugar about 2.5 cm in diameter, describe three steps you can take to dissolve it in a beaker of water in the shortest time.
Answers
Answer:
1. Crush the sugar into powder.
2. Heat the water.
3. Dissolve it by stirring continuously
Explanation:
1. Crushing the sugar into powder increases surface area. So it increases the changes of dissolving
2. Heating the water increases the capacity of water to dissolve sugar.
3. Stirring continuously increases randomness of particles so eases mixing up thus increasing dissolving tendency.
what reaction type is solid sodium bicarbonate + acetic acid?
Answers
Answer:
the neutralization reaction occurs
Give an example of a polymer formed by addition polymerization.
Answers
Answer:
During the addition polymerization, all monomers are consumed and no byproducts are formed. Common examples of addition polymerization are polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), acrylics, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene, and polyoxymethylene (acetal).
What is meant by addition polymer?
In polymer chemistry, an addition polymer is a polymer that forms by simple linking of monomers without the co-generation of other products. Addition polymerization differs from condensation polymerization, which does co-generate a product, usually water.
Explanation:
Rank the following in order of increasing strength of their respective intermolecular forces from weakest IMF to strongest IMF(No specification about molecules were provided.)
Answers
Hydrogen Bonding is the strongest of the intermolecular forces because it is the attraction of the positively charged end of one molecule to the negatively charged end of another molecule.
What is molecules?Molecules are the smallest particles of matter that have all of the chemical properties of an element or compound. They are made up of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds. Molecules can be made of different types of atoms and can vary in size, shape and structure. They are an essential part of all living organisms and are responsible for the formation of many chemical reactions.
1. Hydrogen Bonding
2. Dipole-Dipole Interactions
3. London Dispersion Forces
4. Ion-Dipole Interactions
Rank from weakest to strongest IMF:
3. London Dispersion Forces
2. Dipole-Dipole Interactions
4. Ion-Dipole Interactions
1. Hydrogen Bonding
London Dispersion Forces are the weakest of the intermolecular forces because they are a temporary attraction of the electrons of the atoms of two different molecules. Dipole-Dipole Interactions are slightly stronger than London Dispersion forces because they are the attraction of a positive end of one molecule to the negative end of another molecule. Ion-Dipole Interactions are stronger than Dipole-Dipole Interactions because they are the attraction of an ion to the oppositely charged end of a molecule. Finally, Hydrogen Bonding is the strongest of the intermolecular forces because it is the attraction of the positively charged end of one molecule to the negatively charged end of another molecule.
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How many orbitals are described by each of the below combinations of quantum numbers? n = 3, ℓ =2 orbitals n = 4, ℓ = 2, mℓ = 2 orbitals
Answers
Orbitals that are described by each of the combinations quantum numbers ; n = 3, ℓ =2 orbitals n = 4, ℓ = 2 is 5. ml=2 here is referring to last(5th) orbital space 4d.
What is orbitals?In atomic theory and quantum mechanics, atomic orbital is a function describing the location and wave-like behavior of electron in an atom.
Quantum numbers (n, l, ml, ms )
n=3, refers to 3rd energy level
3rd energy level has 3 possible values of l and d has 5 different orientations.
s=0 p=1 d=2
--> -2,-1,0,1,2
When; n=3 l=2, then number of orbitals is 5.
n=4 refers to 4th energy level ;
4th level has 4 possible l values;
s=0 p=1 d=2 f=3
When, n=4 l=2 and ml=2
The number of orbitals is 5 and ml=2 is referring to last(5th) orbital space 4d.
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the ph of a 1.25 x 10 - 3 m naoh solution is select one: a. 11.10 b. 7.00 c. 2.90 d. 3.10
Answers
The pH of a 1.25 x 10^-3 M NaOH solution is approximately 9.81. The given options do not include the correct answer for the pH of a 1.25 x 10^-3 M NaOH solution.
A pH scale is used to calculate how acidic or basic a solution is.
In this question, we are given the molarity of a sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution and we need to calculate its pH.
The formula for calculating pH is:
pH = -log[H+],
In the context of the pH calculation, [H+] represents the molar concentration of hydrogen ions present in the solution.
For a basic solution like NaOH, we can use the formula:
[OH-] = Kw / [H+],
where Kw is the ionization constant for water, which is 1 x 10^-14 at 25°C.
We can then use the relationship [OH-] x [H+] = Kw to calculate [H+] and then use the pH formula to calculate pH.
Molarity of NaOH solution = 1.25 x 10^-3 M
First, we need to calculate the hydroxide ion concentration ([OH-]) using the formula:
[OH-] = Kw / [H+]
[OH-] = 1 x 10^-14 / (1.25 x 10^-3)
[OH-] = 8 x 10^-12 M
Next, we can use the relationship [OH-] x [H+] = Kw to calculate [H+]:
8 x 10^-12 x [H+] = 1 x 10^-14
[H+] = 1.25 x 10^-3 M / 8 x 10^-12
[H+] = 1.56 x 10^-10 M
Now that we have the hydrogen ion concentration, we can use the pH formula to calculate pH:
pH = -log[H+]
pH = -log(1.56 x 10^-10)
pH = 9.81
Therefore, the pH of a 1.25 x 10^-3 M NaOH solution is approximately 9.81. The given options do not include the correct answer for the pH of a 1.25 x 10^-3 M NaOH solution.
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Hydrogen atoms are excited by a laser to the =4 state and then allowed to emit.
What is the maximum number of distinct emission spectral lines (lines of different wavelengths) that can be observed from this system? Calculate the wavelength of the 4⟶3 transition.
Answers
Answer:
1875 nm
Explanation:
Given the Rydberg formula for hydrogen: 1/λ = R(1/n₁² - 1/n₂²)
where R ≈ 1.097* 10^7 /m
Hence;
1/λ = 1.097* 107/m * (1/3² - 1/4²) = 5.3 * 10^5/m
λ = 1.875 * 10-6 m = 1875 nm
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Is anybody see my princess i mean sara
Answers
Answer:
hi I dont see princess or sara but have a good day!
Answer:
Hola chica
¿Qué paso?
Dimelo
An alkene X undergoes ozonolysis and gives two compounds Y and Z of molecular formula CHO. Y and Z. are functional isomers of each other Write the two-steps chemical equation for the conversion of X into Y and Z. 121 Write the structural formula of Y and 7. Why are they called functional isomers? [3] ili. What happens when hydrogen gas in the presence of nickel catalyst is passed over X? (1] TV. What is the application of ozonolysis in the organic reaction mechanism? 11 How can you prove chemically the compound X is unsaturated? [1]
Answers
The answers to the given questions are given below.
What is Ozonolysis ?A reaction done with Ozone to determine the position of C-C double bond in unsaturated Hydrocarbons.
It is given in the question
An alkene X undergoes ozonolysis and gives two compounds Y and Z of molecular formula CHO
Y and Z. are functional isomers of each other
The two-steps chemical equation for the conversion of X into Y and Z.\(\rm \\(CH_3)_2 -C= CH-CH_2-CH_3 + Zn - > CH_3 -CO-CH_3 + CH0-CH_2-CH_3\\\\Y \;is \;CH_3 -CO-CH_3 \\\\and \;Z \;is \;CHO-CH_2-CH_3\)
Here X is 2 methyl pent-2 eneOn reaction with ozone , ozonide is formed\(\rm Y \;is \;CH_3 -CO-CH_3 \\\\and \;Z \;is \;CHO-CH_2-CH_3\)
These are functional isomers as they have same molecular weight , but different functional groups.When hydrogen gas in the presence of nickel catalyst is passed over 2 methyl pent-2 eneA process called catalytic Hydrogenation will take place , and the alkene will get converted into alkane , 2-methyl pentaneThe ozonolysis process is useful in the pharmaceutical industry The unsaturation can be tested by bromine water testTo know more about Ozonolysis
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which tehcnique is used butane from a mixture of propane and butane
Answers
Answer:
→ Fractional distillation
Explanation:
• This is because butane and propane have different boiling points.
• Butane has greater boiling point than propane.
\(.\)
Answer:
How do you separate propane from butane?
Using fractionation, which involves temperature.
They have different boiling points, so you can boil off the propane whilst the butane remains as a liquid.
This would occur anywhere between -0.4°C and -42°C, the temperature range where propane boils and butane does not.
This further fractionation can be achieved with Depropaniser, Debutaniser and Deisobutaniser fractionators.
Explanation:
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Select all that apply.
Which of the following are density labels?
Okg
L
09
m
og
mL
g
Answers
mL, g, m
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Do you think Hugh would have been able to perform this experiment in his laboratory at home 20 years ago? Explain your answer.
Answers
Answer:scientists finished deciding the human genome in 2001. This research helped genetics analyze and islote sections of DNA for investigation. Without this information and the technology invented during the Human Genome Project, Hugh would not have been able to extract portions of his daughters DNA. Also, he wouldn’t have been able to see the genes that did not function properly in his daughters DNA.
Explanation: this is a right answer for PLATO.
which types of lipids would not have their fatty acids completely hydrolyzed by treatment with acid or alkali?
Answers
Answer: Sphingolipids
Explanation: Sphingolipids are a type of lipid that would not have their fatty acids completely hydrolyzed by the treatment with acid or alkali treatment. This is because sphingolipids contain a unique type of fatty acid called a "long chain base" that is attached to the rest of the molecule through an amide bond, rather than an ester bond.
The amide bond is resistant to acid or alkali hydrolysis, so the fatty acid portion of the sphingolipid molecule would remain intact even after treatment with acid or alkali.
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IUPAC name for BaSO3
Answers
Answer:
Barium Sulfite
Explanation:
Barium Sulfite
The IUPAC name for BaSO₃ is barium sulfite.
"Ba" stands for barium, which is the chemical symbol for the element with atomic number 56. Barium is an alkaline earth metal and belongs to Group 2 of the periodic table.
"SO₃" stands for sulfite, which is a polyatomic ion composed of one sulfur atom (S) and three oxygen atoms (O). The chemical formula for the sulfite ion is SO₃²⁻. The sulfur atom in the sulfite ion has a +4 oxidation state.
When barium (Ba) reacts with the sulfite ion (SO₃²⁻), they combine to form barium sulfite (BaSO₃). The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
Ba²⁺ + SO₃²⁻ → BaSO₃
Barium sulfite is an ionic compound, where the Ba²⁺ ion and the SO₃²⁻ ion are held together by electrostatic attractions (ionic bonds). In its solid form, barium sulfite appears as a white crystalline powder.
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Which of the following is a clue that something is pseudoscience?
A
the presence of empirical evidence
B
the use of a famous athlete for support
C
the support of a respected scientist
D
the use of the scientific method
Answers
Pseudoscience has been the belief that are proportions that look scientific but are not. The use of the celebrated athlete for sponsorship is an example of pseudoscience. Thus, option B is correct.
What is pseudoscience?Pseudoscience has been defined as the claim and beliefs that are not testable and looks scientific but actually are not. They are the findings and propositions that can be considered scientific erroneously.
It includes subjective ideas and explanations based on various ideas and beliefs that are not proven scientifically. The use of an athlete for promotional and supporting a claim is an example of pseudoscience as the claim made is not proved scientifically but rather based on some famous person's statement.
Therefore, option B. the famous athlete for support is an example of pseudoscience.
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The pH of a solution is 7. Which best describes the solution?
A. The solution has more hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions.
B. The solution has fewer hydrogen ions than hand soap.
C. The solution has the same number of hydrogen ions as apple juice.
D. The solution has the same number of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions.
Which term best describes a solution with a pH of 5? A. acidic
B. neutral
C. colorless
D. basic
Which best describes the pH scale?
a. Acids measure below 7.
b. Bases measure below 7.
c. Acids and bases measure above 7.
d. Bases and acids measure at 7.
Answers
Answer:
1=B
2=A
3=A
Explanation:
Any subsatance with a ph of less than 7 is acidic.
Bases measure over 7
A HgO → Hg + O2
B 2Fe + O2 → Fe2O3
Which best represents a
balanced equation?
C 2H2 + O2 → 2H20
Answers
Write the atomic symbols for nitrogen-14 and nitrogen-15
Answers
Answer:
hope this helps
Explanation:
Natural nitrogen (7N) consists of two stable isotopes: the vast majority (99.6%) of naturally occurring nitrogen is nitrogen-14, with the remainder being nitrogen-15. Fourteen radioisotopes are also known, with atomic masses ranging from 10 to 25, along with one nuclear isomer, 11mN.
H3N
Nitrogen-15 | H3N
What is the risk associated with using a computer or television? a. 1000 usv each year. b. 10 usv each year. c. 1 usv per hour of use. d. they are not radioactive, there is no risk.
Answers
They are not radioactive, there is no risk. Computers and televisions do not emit ionizing radiation and are not associated with any significant health risks in terms of radiation exposure. The correct answer is d.
The radiation emitted by electronic devices such as computers and televisions is non-ionizing radiation, which is generally considered safe.
The main concerns related to computer or television use are related to eye strain, sedentary behavior, and potential psychological effects from excessive screen time.
It is important to practice good ergonomics, take breaks, and maintain a healthy balance between screen time and other activities for overall well-being.
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Answer: 1 usv for every hour
Explanation: from founders Ed tell,
Add 1 uSv for every hour you spend watching tv or using a computer monitor per year.
What is the shape of an NH3 molecule?
O A. Bent
O B. Linear
O C. Trigonal-planar
O D. Trigonal-pyramidal
Answers
Answer:
D: Trigonal-pyramidal
Explanation:
there are four electron pairs distributed in a tetrahedral shape which is a NH3, if there is a electron pair solo and there electron pairs bonded then it creates a molecular structural shape resulting in a "Trigonal-pyramidal"
Calculate the [H3O+] for 0.0087 M H2SO4
Answer in units of M
Answers
0.0174 M is the calculated [H₃O+] for 0.0087 M H₂SO₄. Molarity is an important concept in chemistry.
What is molarity?Molarity, which is defined as the number of moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution, is a measure of a solution's concentration. It is often written with the symbol "M" and is measured in moles per liter (mol/L) units.
The molarity of a solution is determined by dividing the volume of the solution in liters by the number of moles of the solute present in that volume. because it allows us to quantify the amount of substance present in a solution. It is frequently used in stoichiometric calculations to determine the amounts of a chemical reaction's reactant and product that should be known. For instance, if a solution contains 2 moles of solute dissolved in 1 liter of solution, the molarity of the solution is 2 mol/L.
Because it fully dissociates in water, H₂SO₄ is a powerful acid that produces two H+ ions for every molecule that dissociates. As a result, the [H₃O+] in a solution of 0.0087 M H₂SO₄ is twice as molten as the H₂SO₄ solution: [H₃O+] = 2 x [H+] = 2 x 0.0087 M = 0.0174 M.
Accordingly, the [H₃O+] of a H₂SO₄ solution containing 0.0087 M is 0.0174 M.
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. (i) how does the number of atoms in a 27.5-gram gold ring compare to the number in a silver ring of the same mass?
Answers
The silver ring of the same mass of 27.5 gm of gold will have 1.9 times more atom.
We need to find moles first,
Moles = mass/ Atomic Mass
Then number of atoms can be calculated from moles,
So , no. of moles of gold ring = 27.5g/196.967
= 0.13 moles.
Since 1 mole contains 6.023 x 10^23 atoms, then 0.13 mole contains (6.023 c 10^23) x 0.13 atoms
= 7.82 c 10^22 atoms.
no. of moles for silver = 27.5/107.87
= 0.25 moles.
This contains (6.023 x 10^23) x 0.27 atoms.
= 1.5 x 10^23 atoms.
So 27.5g of silver contains 1.67 x 10^23/9.17 x 10^22 more atoms than 27.5g of gold.
So 27.5g silver contains 1.9 x more atoms than 27.5g of gold.
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Write the formula of calcium oxide
Answers
Answer:
calcium oxide CaO
hope it helps
That’s the formula for Calcium oxide.