Given a one locus, two allele system in which the relative fitness of AA is 0.5, Aa is 1.0, and aa is 0.0, this is an example of what?
Answers
The given scenario is an example of natural selection. Natural selection is a process in which certain traits become more or less common in a population over time, depending on their impact on the survival and reproduction of individuals. In this case, the fitness of each genotype determines its ability to survive and reproduce.
The one locus, two allele system refers to a genetic system in which there is only one gene locus that has two different alleles (variants of the same gene). In this system, AA refers to individuals with two copies of the dominant allele, Aa refers to heterozygous individuals with one copy of each allele, and aa refers to individuals with two copies of the recessive allele.
The relative fitness values assigned to each genotype indicate how well each genotype can survive and reproduce in a given environment. A relative fitness of 1.0 means that the genotype is perfectly adapted to the environment, while a value of 0.0 means that the genotype cannot survive or reproduce in the environment at all.
In this scenario, the relative fitness of AA is 0.5, meaning that individuals with two copies of the dominant allele are only half as likely to survive and reproduce as individuals with one copy of each allele (Aa). This suggests that the environment favors heterozygous individuals over individuals with two copies of the dominant allele.
Overall, this scenario illustrates how natural selection can lead to changes in the frequency of alleles within a population over time, depending on their impact on fitness.
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Related Questions
In what molecule does the energy from these high-energy electrons end up
Answers
The energy from these high-energy electrons ends up in ATP molecules.
What is the energy currency of the cell?The main molecule for storing and transferring energy in cells is adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP). It is frequently referred to as the cell's energy currency and is like the money that is kept in a bank. When the cell needs energy, ATP can be taken out and used to fuel processes or stored for use in later ones. Animals use ATP to retain the energy released during meal digestion.Plants use photosynthesis to absorb light energy, which they then store in ATP molecules. An adenine base is joined to a ribose sugar, which is joined to three phosphate groups, to form the nucleotide ATP. Two phospho-anhydride bonds, which have high energy, connect these three phosphate groups. Energy is released and ATP is changed into adenosine diphosphate when one phosphate group is removed by breaking a phosphoanhydride bond during a procedure known as hydrolysis (ADP).When phosphate is taken out of ADP to create adenosine monophosphate, energy is also released (AMP).In order to make unfavorable reactions in a cell favorable, this free energy can be transferred to other molecules. By creating fresh phosphoanhydride bonds, AMP can subsequently be converted back into ADP or ATP and used to store energy once more. As they take part in biological reactions, AMP, ADP, and ATP constantly undergo interconversion within the cell.To learn more about ATP molecules, refer to
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quizlet cells may frequently find themselves in an environment with very low extracellular concentrations of substances needed in higher amounts inside the cell. to obtain these needed items, such cells would be most likely to engage in
Answers
Cells may frequently find themselves in an environment with very low extracellular concentrations of substances needed in higher amounts inside the cell. To obtain these needed items, such cells would be most likely to engage in active transport.
A cell is the most basic and fundamental unit of life. It is the building block of all the organisms. Cells can be of two types: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. A prokaryotic is the primitive type of cell with no true nucleus. Whereas, eukaryotic is the cell with true nucleus and cell organelles.
Active transport is the type where substances cross the plasma membrane against their concentration gradient. This means they travel from the region of low concentration to the higher one. For this they require energy and hence the name active transport.
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when you wake up in the middle of the night to a growling sound outside of your tent, your adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine into your bloodstream. how do your liver cells respond to epinephrine
Answers
Upon detecting epinephrine, the liver cells, also known as hepatocytes, respond by rapidly breaking down glycogen, a stored form of glucose, through a process called glycogenolysis.
This process releases glucose into your bloodstream, supplying your body with a quick source of energy. This increase in blood glucose levels is essential for providing your muscles and brain with the energy needed to react promptly to the potential danger.
Furthermore, epinephrine also stimulates other metabolic processes that help your body cope with stress. These include increased heart rate, blood flow redirection to essential organs, and heightened alertness. Overall, the response of your liver cells to epinephrine plays a critical role in your body's ability to quickly adapt to threatening situations.
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during a portacaval shunt, what will the surgeon need to clamp the proximal and distal branches once the bifurcation of the right and left hepatic arteries and veins are identified and exposed with tapes?
Answers
During a portacaval shunt, the surgeon will need to clamp the proximal and distal branches once the bifurcation of the right and left hepatic arteries and veins are identified and exposed with tapes debakey ring bulldog clamp.
Portаcаvаl shunting is а surgicаl treаtment to creаte new connections between two blood vessels in the аbdomen. It is used to treаt people who hаve severe liver problems.
Portаcаvаl shunting is mаjor surgery. It involves а lаrge cut (incision) in the belly аreа (аbdomen). The surgeon then mаkes а connection between the portаl vein (which supplies most of the liver's blood) аnd the inferior venа cаvа (the vein thаt drаins blood from most of the lower pаrt of the body). To make the connection, the surgeon will need the ring hаndles debаkey bulldog clаmps аre used to ceаse flood flow during cаrdiothorаcic procedures.
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pls answer this i need help fast!!
Answers
Answer:
Ok here
Explanation:
Answer:
Body System Primary Function
Reproductive Reproduction
Nervous/Sensory Communication between and coordination of all the body systems
Integumentary Protects against damage
Muscular/Skeletal Provides form, support, stability, and movement to the body
Explanation:
PLEASE HELP! Which of the following is true of codominance?
A. One allele is dominant and one allele is recessive
B. The alleles are neither completely dominant nor recessive
C. Both alleles
D. The alleles are both dominant and both get expressed
Answers
Answer:
D
Explanation:
The answer is D, A is heterozygous so definitely not it
The symptoms of an immune complex reaction are due to Group of answer choices destruction of the antigen. complement fixation. phagocytosis. antibodies against self. cytokines.
Answers
The symptoms of an immune complex reaction are due to complement fixation.
What is immune complex reaction?When antigen-antibody (immune) complexes are deposited in tissues, Type III, or immune-complex, reactions which are characterized by tissue damage brought on by complement activation. The same antibody classes that take part in type II reactions are implicated here. —IgG.
A typical immunological response includes immune complexes. Immune complexes can, however, lead to autoimmune diseases, infections, and cancers when they build up in the blood.
An enzyme complex called C4bC2a breaks down the complement protein C3 into the anaphylatoxin subtypes C3a and C3b. C1q can be activated by apoptotic and necrotic cells, as well as by acute phase proteins such C-reactive protein, in addition to IgG and IgM immune complexes.
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What can you use to see all the
different colors in white light?
Answers
Answer:
prism
Explanation:
Answer:
A prism!
Explanation:
Like in the picture, a Prism shows all the colors you can see when you shine a light on it. I hope this helps!
Determine the amino acid chain that would result from the sequence AUG-CCC-GGA-UUA-UAG.
Answers
Answer:
methionine-proline-glycine-leucine-stop
Explanation:
Using an amino acids chart, you can line up the 3 bases in each section to find the protein chain that corresponds. The stop at the end marks the end of protein synthesis, which ends the sequence.
The compound comprising carboxylic and amino groups is called amino acids. They are vital for the formation of proteins in the cells.
Sequences are read in the three pairs of codons in the form of triplets to form a form an amino acids sequence.
The amino acid sequence that will be formed from the given sequence AUG-CCC-GGA-UUA-UAG will be:
methionine-proline-glycine-leucine-amber
AUG is the start codon which also codes for the amino acid methionine.CCC codes for the amino acid proline and its one-letter code will be P.GGA is glycine and is abbreviated as G.UUA codes for leucine and is represented by U.UAG is the amber or the stop codon which is responsible for terminating the sequence.Therefore, Met-Pro- Gly- Leu- Amber is the amino acid sequence.
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The sum of the genetic traits in this population
called its ✓ gene pool
COMPLETE
In guinea pigs, fur length is controlled by one
gene. The Fallele generates long fur and the f
allele generates short fur. Because only one F
copy is needed to show the trait, if a guinea pig
has the FF or Ff allele combination, they will have
long fur. If they have the ff allele combination, they
will have short fur
There is a total of 4 y alleles in this populatio
There are
Falleles in the population,
There are
falleles in the population
Look at the data for a guinea pig population to
answer the following questions,
DONE
Guinea pig 1: Long fur (FF)
Guinea pig 2 Short fur (ff)
Guinea pig 3. Long fur (FF)
Answers
The fur length of the guinea pig will depend on the alleles present in the offspring, whether they are dominant or recessive.
What are dominant and recessive traits?Dominant traits are characters which are always expressed in an offspring wherever they occur.
Recessive traits on the other hand are expressed only if the dominant trait is absent in the offspring.
In the trait for fur length in guinea pig, there are two alleles for it.
F is for long fur and is dominant f is for short fur and is recessive.Thus, the possible combination of the two alles will be:
FF for long furFf for long fur andff for short furTherefore, the fur length of the guinea pig depends on the alleles present in th offspring, either dominant or recessive.
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Which taxonomic level has the closest relation? *
A) Family
B)Phylum
C)Class
D)Order
Answers
Answer:
A
Explanation:
because they more closely related
How many X chromosomes do males have? _______
Answers
Answer:
There are 2 sex chromosomes – X and Y. Females have 22 autosomes and two X chromosomes, i.e., 22 + XX, while males have 22 autosomes and an X and Y chromosome each, i.e., 22 + XY. hope it helps.
basically 22
Explanation:
Answer:
one
Explanation:
females have two and males have one
If all of the moths had been completely identical, could they have evolved?
Answers
Answer: i would say no
Explanation:
Answer:
Depends on the Genes
Explanation:
If all of the moths carry one dominant gene and one recessive gene then it is possible this is due to the fact that if each parent has a recessive gene it can appear a 1/4 chance in their offspring causing a change or evolution of the moths. This idea that recessive genes can sometimes be the key of survival in a species such as snow foxes being white even though white hiar is a recessive trait.
How is irrigation leading to future growing problems in areas such as California and Arizona?
Answers
Irrigation causes future growing problems in areas such as California and Arizona because irrigation worsens water quality which leads to many dangerous diseases.
What are some problems that are caused by irrigation?The expansion and intensification of agriculture are made possible due to irrigation which has the potential for increased erosion, pollution of surface and groundwater from agricultural biocides, worsening of water quality, nutrient levels in the irrigation increases, and drainage water results in algal blooms.
California's agricultural success would not be possible without the method of irrigation. In an average year, about 9.6 million acres are irrigated with about 34 million acre-feet of water, an amount that would cover 31 million football grounds with 1 foot of water. Most of this irrigation water is used very efficiently and can produce a large amount of yield.
So we can conclude that irrigation causes the problem of water quality.
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A moth's color is controlled by two alleles, G and g, at a single locus. G (gray) is dominant to g (white). A large population of moths was studied, and the frequency of the G allele in the population over time was documented, as shown in the figure below. In 1980 a random sample of 2,000 pupae was collected and moths were allowed to emerge. Assuming that the population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the G locus, what percentage of the gray moths that emerged in 1980 was heterozygous? (The Answer is 67%, can you please explain why it's 67%? thank you!!)
Answers
Answer:
67%
Explanation:
When taking random samples from a population, the observed numbers are not always as the expected ones. The difference is by chance, instead of 50% heter0zyg0us, the sample included 67%.
--------------------------
Available data:
- Moths' color ⇒ diallelic gene
G allele → dominant → Codes for greyg allele → recessive → Codes for white- f(G) 1960 = 0.8
- f(G) 1965 = 0.7
- f(G) 1970 = 0.6
- f(G) 1975 and 1980 = 0.5
- 1980 ⇒ N = 2000 pupae
- Population in H-W equilibrium
Hardy-Weinberr equilibrium,
Assuming a diallelic gene, p and q are the allelic frequencies in a locus and represent the allelic d0minant or recessive forms. The gen0typic frequencies after one generation are p² (H0m0zyg0us d0minant), 2pq (Heter0zyg0us), q² (H0m0zyg0us recessive). Populations in H-W equilibrium will get the same allelic frequencies generation after generation.When adding the allelic frequencies of a population in H-W equilibrium, the result should be 1, this is p + q = 1.In the same way, when adding the genotypic frequencies, the result should also equal 1, this is p²+ 2pq + q² = 1In this problem we assume that the population is under H-W equilibrium, and we know that p = 0.5.
Considering that p + q = 1, then by clearing the equation, we get the value of q = 0.5
Finally, we know that the genotypic frequency of the heter0zygous genotype is 2pq, so,
F(Gg) = 2pq = 2 x 0.5 x 0.5 = 0.5 = 50%
Now, among the options in the problem, there is not 50% but others. One of them, and the closest to 50%, is 67%.
The chart reflects that through the years, the moth's populations stabilized. Both alleles were favored, and their frequencies got to be equal to each other -0.5-. So there is a high probability of getting heter0zyg0us individuals in the population -50%-, more than any of the h0mzyg0us ones -25%-.
However, in a natural population, the amount of h0m0zyg0us and heter0zygous individuals observed is not always the same as the expected ones. This fact happens especially when there are random samples.
In this experiment, the researcher took 2000 pupae, but they did not know their genotype. They just took them randomly. Even though the population is in H-W equilibrium, when sampling, the researcher took more heter0zyg0us individuals than the expected ones. It does not mean that the population is not under H-W equilibrium. It just means that by chance, more heter0zyg0us were selected.
So what you need to do in these situations, is to analyze your problem and the provided information, and think about the most feasible answer.
In this case, the expected number is 50% heter0zyg0us. The closest option is 67% and the most feasible. So that would be the answer.
------------------------
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The peppered moth population in England changed in response to darkening forests due to air pollution during the Industrial Age. Dark-colored moths became much more common, a characteristic that helped camouflage them on dark trees which, prior to the industrialization of England, were light in color. Which is the most likely reason that dark coloration became more common in peppered moths populations?
Question 1 options:
Nature selected for the more fit dark-colored peppered months in the new environment.
The original peppered moths stopped reproducing.
The pollution in the air settled on the peppered moths' wings, causing discoloration.
Dark coloration is a dominant trait, making it more likely to be passed on to the next generation.
Answers
As a result of natural selection, the dark-coloured moths were favoured over the light-coloured moths therefore the light-coloured moths died out and didn't have the chance to reproduce while the dark-coloured moths thrived, allowing them to pass on their genes to the next generation of peppered moths.
The correct answer is the first option.
3. Which structure protects the developing embryo of a beech tree?
A. cotyledon
B. cuticle
C. seed coat
D. stomata
Answers
Answer:
Seed Coat
Explanation:
Staphylococcus aureus produces ________, an enzyme that results in the accumulation of fibrin around the bacterial cells, and the test for it helps to diagnose it.
Answers
The Staphylococcus aureus enzyme that causes fibrin to build up around the bacterial cells and aids in the diagnosis of the infection is coagulase.
What is the significance of the enzyme coagulase?S. aureus produces a number of enzymes, including coagulase (bound and free coagulases), which makes it easier for fibrinogen to turn into fibrin, which is crucial for the formation of clots in skin infections. It is a protein enzyme that allows fibrinogen to be changed into fibrin by a variety of bacteria.
Coagulase test- Additionally, it is used to differentiate between several Staphylococcus isolate kinds in the lab. If the coagulase test is positive, it indicates that S. aureus or any of the other coagulase-positive Staphylococci are present. Instead, a negative coagulase test may indicate the presence of organisms that lack the enzyme.
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The animal that says cocorico in france, quiquiriqui in spain, and chicchirichi in italy, says what in america?.
Answers
Answer:
It is called
Explanation:
A researcher is trying to estimate how many trout there are in a 1,000-acre lake. She counted the trout in three 50-acre areas and recorded 88, 80, and 57 trout. What is the approximate size of the trout population?
Answers
approximately 550 trout population present in the lake.
what is population ?A discrete accumulation identifiable characteristics such as people, animals with the objective of analysis and data collection is called a population.
A population consists of a same group of species who reside in a particular geographical place with their reproductive capacity to interbreed.
when individuals in local populations spread between other local populations called as metapopulation.
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Answer: The correct answer is 1,500
Explanation:
The available answers to this question are:
225
1500
3750
4500
Average the recorded trout:
Avg = (88 + 80 + 57) / 3 = 75
Sample size = 50 acres
Lake size = 1,000 acres
Number of samples = 1000 / 50 = 20
Use the average for population:
75 * 20 = 1,500
psoriasis is an autoimmune disease in which the cells in the dermis and epidermis thickened. decreased cell maturation occurs as a result of
Answers
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the skin, causing it to become thickened, red, scaly, and itchy. In psoriasis, the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy skin cells, causing them to grow too quickly and accumulate on the surface of the skin.
This abnormal growth of skin cells leads to the thickening of the skin and the formation of scaly patches.
Normally, the skin cells in the epidermis go through a process of maturation, starting as immature cells in the basal layer and gradually maturing as they move toward the surface of the skin.
In psoriasis, this process is disrupted, and the cells do not mature properly, leading to the accumulation of immature cells on the surface of the skin.
The exact cause of psoriasis is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
Researchers have identified several genes that may contribute to the development of psoriasis, as well as triggers such as stress, infections, and certain medications that can exacerbate the condition.
Treatments for psoriasis include topical creams and ointments, phototherapy, and systemic medications that suppress the immune system.
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list and describe the four parts of all cells
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
The four parts if all cells are
Plasma MembraneCytoplasmRibosomesDNAPlasma membrane- transport nutrients into the cell and also to transport toxic substances out of the cell.
Cytoplasm-the semifluid substance of a cell that is external to the nuclear membrane and internal to the cellular membrane,
Ribosomes- a minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells
DNA-deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material which is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
All cells, regardless of their type or function, share four essential components:
1. Plasma membrane
2. Genetic material
3. cytoplasm
4. Organelles
The plasma membrane, also called the cell membrane, forms the outer wall of the cell. It is made up of a phospholipid bilayer containing chemicals and proteins.
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the genetic material present in every cell. DNA contains the genetic material that controls the properties and functions of the cell.
Cytoplasm: In eukaryotic cells, the cytoplasm – a gel-like substance – fills the space inside the cell that is between the cell membrane and the nucleus. It is composed of many cellular structures, organelles, ions, enzymes, and water.
Organelles are specialized cellular structures that perform specialized functions. The nucleus, which contains DNA, the mitochondria, which provide energy, the endoplasmic reticulum, which makes proteins, the Golgi apparatus, which modifies and sorts proteins, and the lysosomes, which remove waste, are examples of organelles.
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a type of kinetic energy that powers a cellphone.
Answers
Answer:
electric energy
Explanation:
reactants bind to enzymes at the what?
Answers
Answer:
Enzymes bring reactants together so they don't have to expend energy moving about until they collide at random. Enzymes bind both reactant molecules, called the substrate, tightly and specifically, at a site on the enzyme molecule called the active site
Explanation:
I need a cytoskeleton pick up line!
Answers
Answer:
Call me a cytoskeleton because I'll provide you with all the support you need and cause some movement inside you
Explanation:
it’s not mine so I can’t take credit but I hope this works and is what you are looking for.
Did I do these questions right?
Answers
How does diabetes affect the blood flow in the cardiovascular system?A)speed up the flow by increasing heart rateB)speed up because of the increase in insulin)slow down due to a thickening of the arteries)slow down due to increase of triglycerides in the blood
Answers
slow down due to increase of triglycerides in the blood.
If you were to compare the endocrine system and the body's electrochemical information system in terms of speed, you might call the former a ________________ and the latter a text message.
Answers
If you were to match the endocrine system and the body's electro chemical information system in terms of speed, you would possibly call the former a tortoise; hare and the latter a text message.
What is endocrine system explain?
The system is a complex network of glands and organs. It uses hormones to regulate and coordinate your body's metabolism, energy state , reproduction, growth and development, and response to injury, stress, and mood. the subsequent are integral parts of the endocrine system: Hypothalamus.
What is the main function of endocrine system?
The system , made from all the body's different hormones, regulates all biological processes within the body from conception through adulthood and into old age, including the event of the brain and nervous system, the expansion and function of the reproductive system, also as the metabolism and blood sugar.
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Identify the following structure indicated
by the arrow.
CCG GCC ACU CCC
GGG
(
UGA
A. Anticodon
B. Amino Acid
C. tRNA
D. Codon
f ज
Answers
Answer:c
Explanation:
The pressure exerted by the left ventricle must push blood where?
a. To the body
b. To the lungs and back to the left atrium
c. To the lungs and back to the right atrium
d. To the aorta only
Answers
The pressure exerted by the left ventricle must push blood to the body.
The left ventricle must similarly contract quickly and forcefully during the systolic phase to force this blood into the aorta and overcome the significantly higher aortic pressure. In order to accommodate the increase in blood volume, more pressure must be applied in order to expand the aorta and other arteries.
The ventricles contract during systole, pumping blood throughout the body. The ventricles relax and refill with blood during diastole. The left ventricle gets oxygenated blood from the left atrium via the mitral valve and pumps it into the systemic circulation via the aortic valve.
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