g the reagents cl2, alcl3 chlorinate aromatic rings via electrophilic aromatic substitution. considering this reaction, at what position(s) do you expect electrophilic substitution to occur?
Answers
The electrophilic substitution of aromatic rings with the reagents Cl2 and AlCl3 typically results in the chlorination of the ring.
The substitution occurs at the ortho and para positions relative to any activating or deactivating groups present on the ring. If the ring is unsubstituted or only has weakly activating groups, then substitution will likely occur at both the ortho and para positions. However, if strongly activating groups are present, substitution may occur exclusively at the para position. The precise location of substitution will depend on the specific properties of the aromatic ring and the reagents used. Electrophilic aromatic substitution with Cl2 and AlCl3 as reagents involves chlorination of aromatic rings. In this reaction, the chlorine (Cl) acts as the electrophile, while AlCl3 serves as the Lewis acid catalyst. The electrophilic substitution typically occurs at the ortho and para positions of the aromatic ring. These positions are more reactive due to the electron-donating nature of substituents already present on the ring, which stabilizes the intermediate formed during the reaction. Overall, electrophilic substitution with Cl2 and AlCl3 targets the ortho and para positions on the aromatic ring.
To know more about electrophilic visit:
https://brainly.com/question/29789429
#SPJ11
Related Questions
calculate the binding energy per nucleon of in kj/mol. the required masses (in g/mol) are: 10.01294 g/mol 1.00783 g/mol 1.00867 g/mol
Answers
The binding energy per nucleon is 6.26x10⁸KJmol⁻¹.
Binding energy is the amount of energy required to separate a particle from a particle system or disperse all particles within a system. Binding energy is particularly applicable to subatomic particles within atomic nuclei, electrons bonded to nuclei within atoms, and atoms and ions bonded together within crystals.
The electron binding energy is the minimum energy required to remove an electron from an atom. This is because the negatively charged electrons are held in place by the electrostatic attraction of the positively charged nucleus. Electronic binding energy is measured in electron volts. This represents the energy that must be supplied by the environment so that the nucleus can decompose into individual nucleons.
Learn more about The binding energy here:- https://brainly.com/question/23020604
#SPJ4
A 5. 00 L sample of helium expands to 12. 0 L at which point the pressure is measured to be 0. 720 atm. What was the original pressure if the gas?
Answers
the original pressure of the gas was 1.728 atm.
To solve this problem, we can use the ideal gas law, which relates the pressure, volume, number of moles, and temperature of a gas:
PV = nRT
where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas constant, and T is the temperature.
Assuming that the number of moles and the temperature of the gas remain constant, we can write:
P1V1 = P2V2
where P1 and V1 are the initial pressure and volume of the gas, and P2 and V2 are the final pressure and volume.
Substituting the given values, we get:
P1 x 5.00 L = 0.720 atm x 12.0 L
Solving for P1, we get:
P1 = (0.720 atm x 12.0 L) / 5.00 L
P1 = 1.728 atm
learn more about original pressure here:
https://brainly.com/question/1132289
#SPJ11
What characteristics determine how easily two substances change temperature? Check all that apply.
volume of the two substances in contact
amount of time the two substances are in contact
area in contact between the two substances
specific heat of the material that makes up the substances
Odensity of the two substances in contact
Answers
amount of time the two substances are in contact. area in contact between the two substances. specific heat of the material that makes up the substances. the density of the two substances in contact.
The characteristics determine how easily two substances change temperature is amount of time the two substances are in contact, area of contact between the two substances, specific heat of the material that makes up the substances and the density of the two substances in contact. Therefore, option B, C, D and E are correct.
When two substances have different temperatures come into contact?When two substances that have different surface temperatures come in contact, conduction happens. The substance with the higher temperature always transfers energy to the one with the lower temperature.
When two objects with different temperatures come in contact with one another, energy moves from the hotter (higher temperature) object to the cooler (lower temperature) object until both objects reach the same temperature.
The latitude of the location has an impact on the air temperature there. The location's elevation. separation from the ocean.
Thus, option B, C, D and E are correct.
To learn more about the temperature, follow the link;
https://brainly.com/question/11464844
#SPJ6
crossed aldol reactions involve two different carbonyl compounds. which statements describe situations when such a reaction is synthetically useful? select all that apply.
Answers
Crossed aldol reactions are synthetically useful when one carbonyl is less reactive, under mild conditions, products can be further manipulated, and when one carbonyl is enolizable, leading to an alpha-beta unsaturated carbonyl compound.
Crossed aldol reactions are synthetically useful when:
1. One of the carbonyl compounds is less reactive than the other, allowing for the selective formation of a desired product.
2. The reaction is performed under mild conditions to avoid overreaction and side products.
3. The products formed have functional groups that can be further manipulated in subsequent reactions to yield a desired final product.
4. One of the carbonyl compounds is enolizable, leading to the formation of an alpha-beta unsaturated carbonyl compound.
learn more about Crossed aldol reactions here:
https://brainly.com/question/29857280
#SPJ11
Why can ammonium hydroxide pass through a filter but lead (II) sulfate
cannot?
Answers
Answer:
Lead (II) sulfate is not a liquid.
Explanation:
You'd need a solubility chart for this problem, a chart that can help you determine whether or not a specific compound is a solid or not.
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Supplemental_Modules_(Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry)/Equilibria/Solubilty/Solubility_Rules
Ammonium Hydroxide is a liquid so it can pass through a filter. However, in the rules it states that sulfate salts are soluble except for the exception PbSO4. This is lead sulfate, which means that it is insoluble=solid.
Therefore lead(II) sulfate is not a liquid and cannot pass through a filter.
What is the area of a medium triangle?
Answers
Answer: Area of a Triangle Equals Base x Height / 3
Explanation: Hope this works
Identify two raw materials necessary for photosynthesis.
Answers
Answer:
Water and CO2
Explanation:
These are both materials that are used in the process of photosynthesis that can be acquired from the around the plant, and the rain, which are natural raw materials that can be found anywhere in nature.
-Hope this helped
2. (1:25) How much does the moon pull on the Earth?
A. More than the Earth's pull on the moon
B. Less than the Earth's pull on the moon
C. Equal to the Earth's pull on the moon
Answers
Answer:
a. more than the earth pull on the moon sorry if false
Which choice tells the main causes of convection currents in the asthenosphere?
Responses
weight and pressure
density and weight
temperature and pressure
density and temperature
Answers
In the asthenosphere, density and temperature are the primary contributors to convection currents.
What exactly is the Earth's asthenosphere?
The weaker, denser layer below the lithospheric mantle is known as the asthenosphere. It is between 62 miles and 410 kilometers (100 miles) below the surface of the Earth. Because of the asthenosphere's extreme heat and pressure, rocks begin to weaken and partially melt, turning semi-molten.
What is the short definition of the asthenosphere?
Located under the lithosphere, the asthenosphere is a region of the Earth's mantle that is thought to be significantly hotter and more fluid than the lithosphere. Between 100 km (60 miles) and 700 km (450 miles) below the surface of the Earth is the asthenosphere.
To know more about asthenosphere visit:
https://brainly.com/question/7152935
#SPJ1
How many mole of Oxygen will react with 2 mole of Aluminum?
Answers
Answer:
1.5 mol of Oxygen will react with 2 mol of Aluminium
Stoichiometry:The stoichiometry of a chemical reaction, is the relationship between the quantities of reactants and products before, during, and following chemical reactions. This is represented as a ratio of reactants to products.
Consider the following reaction: aA + bB ⇄ cC + dD.
The stoichiometry for this reaction, is the ratio of coefficients:
a : b : c : d. When attempting mole calculations and other quantitative chemistry problems, we are required to follow the stoichiometry always, unless stated otherwise. (This situation would occur in the presence of an excess/limiting reagent).
For the following reaction:
\(\boxed{\rm 4Al_{\,(s)}+3O_{2\,(g)} \rightarrow 2Al_2O_{3\,(s)}}\)
The stoichiometry is 4 : 3 : 2.
∴ moles of O₂ = 3/4 × moles of Al = 3/4 × 2 = 1.5 mol
∴ 1.5 mol of Oxygen will react with 2 mol of Aluminium
To learn more about stoichiometry:
https://brainly.com/question/29775083
Which of these relationships is true of an uncharged atom?a. The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons.b. The number of positive charges is equal to the number of negative charges
Answers
The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons.
What is an atom?A chemical element is uniquely defined by its atoms, which are tiny pieces of substance. An atom is made up of a core nucleus and one or more negatively charged electrons that orbit it. The positively charged, comparatively hefty protons and neutrons that make up the nucleus may be present.Daltons (Da), commonly known as the unified atomic mass unit, are frequently used to express the actual mass of an atom at rest (u). This quantity is equal to one-twelfth of a carbon-12 free neutral atom's mass, or around 1.66 1027 kg.Democritus, a Greek man, was contemplating something when he was sitting around 2,500 years ago. He had the thought of chopping things up when he realised there had to be a purposeTo learn more about atom refers to:
brainly.com/question/17545314
#SPJ4
Z = 8, number of neutrons = 9 atomic symbol
Answers
How many moles in 4.65 g of Helium?
Answers
Answer:
4.65 g x 1 mol/4.0026 g/mol = 1.162 mol helium
Explanation:
The ionization energies for removing successive electrons from sodium are 496 kJ/mol, 4562 kJ/mol,
6912 kJ/mol, and 9544 kJ/mol. The great jump in ionization energy after the first electron is removed
indicates that
Select one:
O a. sodium has four or five electrons.
O b. the atomic radius has increased.
c. a d-electron has been removed.
d. the noble gas configuration has been reached.
Answers
Answer:
D
Explanation:
The high jump of ionization energy indicates that we are trying to remove electron from noble gas configuration state.
The ionization energy data specifies that the Elements are from group 1 at period 3 or greater.
Removing the first electron require 496 kJ and the second ionization energy jump significantly due to the removal of electron from the noble gas configuration which is logical because electron try to maintain the especially stable state.
Cuántos moles de hipoclorito de sodio (NaCIO)se generan cuando reaccionan 5 moles de NaOH
Answers
Answer:
5 mol NaOH = 5 mol NaClO
Plantear y balancear reacción: NaOH + HClO ⇒ NaClO + H2O
Como se puede apreciar, los coeficientes estequiométricos son uno por lo tanto, la cantidad de NaClO que se genera será igual a la cantidad de moles que reaccionan de NaOH
please help with both of these lol
Answers
Answer: 1. Unbalanced
2. Atoms cannot be created or destroyed only rearranged
Explanation:
Which of the following reactions are examples of substitution reactions?
Select all that apply.
A. Ethene reacts with hydrogen chloride.
B. Chloroethane reacts with a dilute potassium hydroxide solution.
C. Methane reacts with chlorine in the presence of sunlight.
D. Propene reacts with hydrogen in the presence of a platinum catalyst.
E. Ethene reacts with water in the presence of a dilute acid at 100°C.
Answers
C) Methane reacts with chlorine in the presence of sunlight is example of substitution reaction.
One atom from one molecule is replaced with an atom from another one in a substitution process.CH4 + Cl2 → CH3Cl + HClChlorine substitutes one hydrogen of methane. Therefore is a substitution reaction. It is a substitution reaction in which a chlorine atom replaces one of an alkane's hydrogen atom to produce an alkyl chloride. This reaction can only occur in the presence of light and produces both an alkyl halide and hydrogen chloride.Properties of chloromethane:It has a light odour and is a clear, colourless gas.It is highly flammable and poisonous.It weighs more than air. It is water soluble.If there is too much chlorine present, the process continues, and the four hydrogen atoms are all replaced by four chlorine atoms, forming carbon tetrachloride (CCl4).Therefore, Methane reacts with chlorine in the presence of sunlight is example of substitution reaction.
Learn more about substitution reaction here:
https://brainly.in/question/2800505
#SPJ9
As the ball moves from Point 3 to Point 4, which energy conversion is taking place?
Answers
Answer:
Potential energy to kinectic energy
Explanation:
Most fire extinguishers found in public paces are what type?
Answers
Answer:
Dry Chemical Extinguishers
Explanation:
They are found in apartments,homes and any other place that you live.
during a 2 hour trip,a family is able to travel 140 kilometers. what is the average speed of the family during this portion of this trip?
Answers
The average speed of the family : 70 km/h
Further explanationGiven
time = 2 hour
distance = 140 km
Required
The average speed
Solution
Distance is the length traveled by an object within a certain time
Average speed = total distance/total amount of time
Can be formulated :
Avg speed = d : t
Total distance traveled : 140 km
Total time : 2 hr
Avg speed = 140 : 2 = 70 km/h
A gene or trait that appears or expresses itself over a recessive trait is called the anstwer
Answers
How is polyethene formed?
A. None of these
B. The double bond on reactive ethene molecules breaks allowing them to bond with each other and form a chain.
C. Double bonds are very strong. This means when ethene is heated, hydrogens will be removed before the double bonds break. When ethene molecules lose hydrogens, their carbons bond with each other forming branching chains.
D. Polyethene is formed by the formation of double bonds between carbons in ethane molecules.
Answers
Answer:
c
Explanation:
because 2× is strong. hydrogen will be remove
Explanation:
Poly(ethene) is formed when several monomers of ethene (an alkene) are joined together. Ethene can take part in this type of reaction as it is has a double bond (it's unsaturated) which opens up to allow multiple monomers to form a chain. This reaction occurs when ethene is heated and put under pressure in the presence of a catalyst.
Which of these elements have the smallest 1st ionization energy
Answers
Answer:
Ionization energy increases as you go across a period, and increases as you move up a group. So, elements with the smallest ionization energy would be at the bottom left corner of the periodic table. Examples of elements with small ionization energy: Francium (Fr), Cesium (Cs), Radium (Ra).
I hope that U guys could help me with what I need to find out :D number 9 my lil sis needs help with.
Answers
Answer:
I think it's A, not really sure though, sorry!
Answer:
the answer is: w and y
Explanation:
answer c
3.
Which statement(s) is/are TRUE for all chemical reactions?
Answers
Answer:
the statement is or are true for all chemical reaction is false
Explanation:
if you think the answer is correct then mark me as brain list
What is the name of this hydrocarbon?
Η Η Η Η Η
I
Η – C – C – C – C – C – Η
Η Η Η Η Η
ΟΟΟΟ
hexane
heptane
octane
pentane
Answers
Answer:
Pentane
Explanation:
This molecule is C₅H₁₂, which is pentane, as it has 5 carbon atoms (Pent) and 12 hydrogen atoms. Alkanes have the formula CₙH₂ₙ₊₂, and 12 is ₍2*5 + 2).
160 cm³ of ethyl alcohol has a mass of 126.4 grams. What is the density of this alcohol?
1.27 g/cm³
1.8 g/cm³
1.0 g/cm³
0.79 g/cm³
Answers
Answer: 1.27 g/cm3
Explanation:
160cm3/126.4 grams
why is it important to drop a ball from the same height three times why were the numbers slightly different
Answers
Answer:
It is important to drop a ball from the same height multiple times to test and validate a theory or hypothesis. By doing this, one can observe and measure the consistency of the results and determine the average or most common outcome. The numbers may be slightly different due to small variations in the experiment such as air resistance, the angle at which the ball was dropped, or variations in the measurement tools used to record the data. By doing multiple trials and calculating an average, the effects of these variations can be minimized and a more accurate result can be obtained.
Explanation:
Dropping a ball from the same height three times is important in an experiment to calculate the average or mean value of the times it takes the ball to fall from the height to the ground. By repeating the experiment multiple times, we can minimize the effect of random errors and get a more accurate result.
However, even when dropping the ball from the same height three times, the recorded times may be slightly different due to several reasons. Some of these reasons could be variations in the initial release height of the ball, differences in the air resistance experienced by the ball during its fall, and slight variations in the reaction time of the person measuring the time. These variations can result in slightly different measured times, which can be accounted for by calculating the average value.
A gas has a temperature of 14 degrees C and a volume of 4.5 L. If the temp is raised to 29 degrees C and the pressure is not changed, what is the new volume of the gas
Answers
Answer:
V1/T1 = V2/T2 (Charles' Law)
T is in Kelvin. Celsius temp plus 273.15 = K
T1 = 14 +273
= 287 K
T2 = 29 + 273
= 303 K
4.5 / 287 = V2 / 303
V2 = 4.75 L
= 4.8 L
what is the total number of valence electrons in a sulfite ion, so32-? question 33 options: a) 26 b) 34 c) 24 d) 22 e) none of the above
Answers
There is total a 26 number of valence electrons in a sulfite ion. Thus, option A is the correct answer.
There are total of 26 electrons in the Lewis dot structure of the sulfite ion. the compositions of this number are, there are 6 valence electrons of sulfur.
18 number of valence electrons due to the presence of oxygen, there three atoms each of which six electrons are present. Now, because the sulfite ion is negatively charged, the two electrons presence also counts.
The total number of electrons are two, when we sum up these values we get 26 as it's valence number. While, creating the Lewis dot structure, a double bond is supposed to form between one of the oxygen and sulfur atoms.
There are two single bonds which also gets formed, resulting trigonal planar. In the structure, it is observed that it is arranged in such a way that all the atoms have an octet of valence electrons around them.
to know more about valence electrons,
brainly.com/question/13552988