Four reasons for the increase in violence in South Africa​

Answer:

false

Explanation:

Generally speaking, a municipality is a single administrative entity having corporate status and the power to govern itself in accordance with local, state, and federal laws.

A municipality is essentially the state government's answer to the demand for specific public services (such as trash disposal, police and fire protection, water supply, and health care) beyond what the county or other local governments in the area are able to provide.

A municipality must have at least one of the following qualities: a unique geographical region. an extremely public persona. formal structure.

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Answer:

C. a city, town, or village with its own government

Explanation:

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The method of finding cases in a legal digest are as follows: descriptive word approach.topic approach.table of cases approach.key number.

The four methods of finding cases in a legal digest are given above. A legal digest is a reference book containing summaries of case law that is used to locate cases based on their keywords or phrases. The digest is arranged by subject area or jurisdiction. All of the answer choices are appropriate methods of finding cases in a legal digest.

Locate a legal digest by browsing for the appropriate digest by topic or the jurisdiction you want to search for. Legal digests can be found in print format or electronic format. The search engines may vary depending on the format you select.

The descriptive word approach is a technique used to locate cases in a legal digest. This technique involves searching for words that match your case. For example, if you are looking for a case on medical malpractice, you would search for the words "medical malpractice" in the index or table of contents. It is possible to find cases that do not include the search terms.

Topic approach:The topic approach is a technique used to locate cases in a legal digest. This technique involves searching for cases by topic. For example, if you are looking for a case on medical malpractice, you would browse through the medical malpractice section of the legal digest.

For example, if you are looking for a case on medical malpractice, you would search for the name of the case in the table of cases.

The table of cases approach is helpful when you have the name of the case but not the citation.Key numberThe key number is a system used to classify cases by topic. Each topic has a key number assigned to it. This number is used to locate cases on that topic in a legal digest.

For example, if you are looking for a case on medical malpractice, you would use the key number assigned to medical malpractice cases to locate the relevant cases in the legal digest.

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Answer:

a

Explanation:

In general, you need to file a charge within 180 calendar days from the day the discrimination took place. The 180 calendar day filing deadline is extended to 300 calendar days if a state or local agency enforces a law that prohibits employment discrimination on the same basis.

Answer:

"What is Criminal Justice?

Explanation:

criminal justice can be defined as a system through which crimes and criminal are identified, apprehend, judge and punished

Answer 1,2,8,13 15

Explanation: 1st amendment gives people the rights to religion of their choice, it also gives people the right to speak up for what they believe

2nd amendment allows people to keep and bear arms for one to protect themselves and other around them

8th amendment makes sure people do not get a cruel punishment for something minor

13th amendment allowed slaves to be free, giving them a chance into their own lives

15th amendment makes sure you cannot deny someone the right to vote based on gender or color

Courts occasionally make reference to the four unities of time, title, interest, and possession necessary to establish a legally binding joint tenancy.

According to the four unities principle of land law, a joint tenancy cannot exist unless there is unity of possession, unity of interest, unity of time, and unity of title among all the tenants under a lease.

The owners' interest is also bought concurrently. Oneness of possession: The owners are entitled to survive. Title consistency: A vesting of joint tenancy must be specified in the agreement. It is assumed that there is a tenancy in common if a vesting is not indicated.

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The scenario described within the question is an example of realignment.

Realignment is a technique wherein the companies that make up political parties undergo a good sized shift in their beliefs, priorities, and affiliations. This shift can result in the introduction of latest parties, the dissolution of antique parties, and a realignment of the electorate alongside new lines.

For the duration of the presidential election of 1896, the Democratic and Republican parties underwent a sizable realignment. The Republican celebration, which had traditionally been the party of huge enterprise and urban elites, have become the part of the working-class and farmers.

This realignment turned into due to the emergence of a brand new problem, the loose coinage of silver, which attracted assist from farmers and working-elegance people who believed it'd assist alleviate their economic struggles.

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Answer:

The court did not consider Ladd's appeal.

Explanation:

Quand Ladd agreed to cooperate with Uecker's claims about her disrespectful and abusive behavior towards him, she accepted that his charges were real and that they could harm her legally. Therefore, it is negligent on her part to appeal against Uecker, since she accepted his accusations. This means that the court does not accept the appeal issued, as it shows a behavior of bad faith and with exploratory characteristics.

The two answer choices that a plaintiff must prove to show duress in the formation of a contract are:

a. The defendant committed a wrongful or illegal act.

c. The plaintiff was injured or feared he or she would be injured.

Duress is a situation where one party is forced to enter into a contract against their will due to some kind of coercion or threat. To prove duress, the plaintiff must show that they did not willingly enter into the contract and that they were coerced into the agreement. The plaintiff must also show that the defendant committed a wrongful or illegal act and that they suffered some kind of harm or injury as a result, whether it be physical, financial, or emotional. The intent of the defendant to harm the plaintiff is not necessarily required to prove duress.

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The lawyer is not permitted to reveal what Consuela told her about the reason she was taking the route. Thus the correct answer is D: "No, because Consuela's detour from her regular route fails to provide evidence proving she is not guilty".

The reason for Consuela's detour is not relevant to the criminal charge against her, which is being an accessory to murder. Revealing the reason for the detour would violate the attorney-client privilege, which protects communications between a lawyer and client from disclosure. This privilege exists to encourage clients to be candid with their lawyers, which allows lawyers to provide effective legal representation. Therefore, the lawyer cannot reveal this information without the client's consent.

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Aggravating factors are used in a disciplinary hearing to provide a clearer understanding of the severity of the offence committed by the accused. They are used to highlight any factors that may have contributed to the offence being committed or any actions taken by the accused that may have worsened the impact of the offence. The purpose of aggravating factors is to ensure that the disciplinary action taken is appropriate and proportionate to the offence committed, ensure that justice is served and promote a healthy and productive work environment.

The purpose of aggravating factors in a disciplinary hearing is to:
1. Highlight the seriousness of the offence: Aggravating factors emphasize the severity of the misconduct and help the decision-maker understand the potential impact it has on the organization or individuals involved.
2. Determine the appropriate disciplinary action: By considering aggravating factors, decision-makers can ensure that the disciplinary action taken is proportionate to the offence committed and the circumstances surrounding it.
3. Ensure consistency in disciplinary procedures: Aggravating factors help maintain fairness and consistency by providing a framework for considering and evaluating the severity of different offences in disciplinary hearings.
4. Discourage repeat offences: The inclusion of aggravating factors in disciplinary hearings serves as a deterrent to potential repeat offenders, as they are made aware of the serious consequences that may result from their actions.

In summary, aggravating factors in a disciplinary hearing serve to highlight the seriousness of the offence, determine appropriate disciplinary action, ensure consistency in disciplinary procedures, and discourage repeat offences.

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After filing the initial pleadings and motions, the parties gather evidence through a process known as discovery.

In common law jurisdictions, discovery is the pre-trial stage of a case during which each party can acquire evidence from the opposing party or parties through the use of discovery tools such as interrogatories, demands for the production of documents, requests for admissions and depositions. Subpoenas can be used to acquire discovery from non-parties. When a discovery request is opposed, the asking party may file a move to compel discovery to ask the court for help.

Civil discovery is broad in scope under US law and may ask for the revelation of information that is logically expected to lead to the discovery of admissible evidence. This criteria is significantly more inclusive than relevance because instead of looking at material that is actually relevant, we explore evidence that might be relevant.

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The Federal Department operates systems that are critical to the nation's financial infrastructure, such as the production of coins and currency, the disbursement of payments owed to the American public, the collection of necessary taxes, and the borrowing of funds required by congressional enactments to run the federal. This is the meaning of Federalism.

Federalism is indeed a combined/compound form of government that divides the powers between a central government and local governments within a single political system. In the unions of states under the Old Swiss Confederacy, federalism as it is known now was first practiced.

In India, the term "federalism" describes the relationship between both the Central and the state governments. The Indian government's structure is established by the country's Constitution.

Federalism is a form of government where a central authority and numerous national constituent parts share power. A federation often has three levels of governance.

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Answer:

Cultural stereotypes are generalizations or assumptions people make about individuals or groups based on race, ethnicity, religion, gender, or other cultural characteristics. These stereotypes can hurt decision-making in criminal justice settings, such as during police investigations, jury selection, and sentencing.

One of the ways that cultural stereotypes can negatively influence decision-making is through racial profiling. Police officers may make assumptions about individuals based on their race or ethnicity, leading to unfair treatment, such as being stopped and searched without cause or being treated with more suspicion than other individuals.

Cultural stereotypes can also impact jury selection and the verdicts that are reached. Jurors may hold biases or assumptions about individuals based on their cultural background, which can lead to wrongful convictions or acquittals. For example, a juror may assume that a defendant from a certain cultural background is likelier to commit a certain crime, even if there is no evidence to support this claim.

In addition, cultural stereotypes can impact sentencing decisions. Judges may have preconceived notions about individuals based on their cultural background, which can lead to harsher or more lenient sentences. For example, a judge may believe that a defendant from a specific cultural background is more likely to be violent and, therefore may impose a harsher sentence than they would for someone from a different background who committed the same crime.

Cultural stereotypes can negatively influence decision-making in criminal justice settings by leading to unfair treatment, wrongful convictions, and unequal sentencing. Criminal justice professionals need to be aware of these biases and work to mitigate their impact on decision-making. This can include education and training on cultural competence and efforts to increase diversity and representation within the criminal justice system.

Cultural stereotypes can have a detrimental impact on decision-making in criminal justice settings due to the biases they create. These stereotypes are preconceived notions or generalizations about individuals based on their race, ethnicity, nationality, religion, or other cultural factors.

When these stereotypes influence decision-making in the criminal justice system, several negative consequences can occur:

1. Racial Profiling: Cultural stereotypes can lead to racial profiling, where law enforcement officers or other criminal justice professionals target individuals from specific racial or ethnic backgrounds based on assumptions or biases. This can result in unwarranted stops, searches, arrests, and disproportionate scrutiny of certain groups, regardless of individual behavior or evidence.

2. Unfair Treatment: Stereotypes can affect how suspects, defendants, witnesses, and victims are treated throughout the criminal justice process. When decision-makers hold prejudiced views, they may unconsciously or consciously treat individuals differently, leading to unjust outcomes.

3. Bias in Charging and Sentencing: Stereotypes can impact charging decisions and sentencing recommendations. For example, a prosecutor may be more likely to pursue harsher charges against a person from a specific cultural background based on stereotypes, even if the evidence does not support it.

4. Jury Bias: Stereotypes can influence jurors' perceptions and judgments during trials, affecting the fairness of the jury's decision. Biases may affect the credibility and sympathy given to witnesses or defendants, potentially leading to biased verdicts.

5. Resource Allocation: Cultural stereotypes can also affect resource allocation within the criminal justice system. Certain communities may receive more scrutiny or resources based on stereotypes, while others may be overlooked or underserved.

6. Impact on Rehabilitation: Stereotypes can influence decisions regarding parole, probation, or diversion programs, potentially hindering the successful rehabilitation and reintegration of individuals back into society.

7. Public Perception: When cultural stereotypes influence decision-making, it can erode public trust in the criminal justice system. Communities that feel unfairly targeted or treated are less likely to cooperate with law enforcement or participate fully in the legal process.

Addressing and mitigating the influence of cultural stereotypes in criminal justice settings is crucial for ensuring fairness, equity, and justice. Training law enforcement officers, judges, prosecutors, defense attorneys, and other stakeholders in cultural competency and unconscious bias awareness can help reduce the impact of stereotypes on decision-making. Implementing policies and procedures that promote objectivity, transparency, and accountability can also contribute to more equitable outcomes in the criminal justice system.

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It is useful to determine the chemical properties of any of the evidence because if there is a strange substance near or on the victim that may be able to tell a cause of death.

Chemical properties are any characteristics of a substance that can only be formed by changing its chemical identity. Chemical properties are those that manifest themselves during or after a chemical reaction.

Simply put, looking at or feeling a substance's chemical properties is impossible; instead, the substance's internal structure must be significantly altered in order to conduct an investigation into its chemical properties. When a substance undergoes a chemical reaction, it undergoes chemical change, which results in significant changes in its properties. However, a catalytic feature would be an additional chemical feature.

Therefore, the chemical properties of the evidence helps to determine the cause of death.

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The correct answer is option (C) Women since the 1950s mostly votes Republican.

The Constitution was written in 1787, while the Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776. There were other occasions when the United States was founded than these. These seven men—George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison—are regarded as the principal Founding Fathers in order of significance.

While many other people also played a part in the establishment of the United States, most people regard these seven to be the Founding Fathers. The Americas were found in 1492, according to Christopher Columbus.

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Answer:

Hello. Under Uniform Residential Landlord and Tenant Act, if the lease does not specify or make clear an expiration date, the lease will be regarded as: A tenancy from period-to-period.

Explanation:

Question does not ask for an explanation, so one will not be given. Have a nice day user.

Explanation:

56 degree angle.

The principle of a necessity dictates that every alternative should be exhausted before an individual resorts to deadly force, and that an individual should be required to withdraw. Option B

The principle of necessity is an essential aspect of self-defense laws, and it dictates that an individual should only use deadly force when it is absolutely necessary to protect themselves from imminent harm. The principle of necessity also states that every alternative should be exhausted before an individual resorts to deadly force.
In this context, the answer to the question is that an individual should be required to withdraw before using deadly force. This means that the person should try to remove themselves from the situation as safely as possible before resorting to the use of deadly force.
Standing their ground or retreating to a wall are not ideal options because they do not necessarily involve trying to remove oneself from the situation. Standing their ground could result in escalating the situation and lead to more violence, while retreating to a wall could leave the person trapped and unable to defend themselves effectively.
Therefore, the principle of necessity requires that an individual should try to withdraw from the situation as safely as possible before using deadly force. This principle is crucial to ensure that the use of deadly force is only used as a last resort and is necessary to protect oneself from harm. Option B is correct.

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Answer: The negligence penalty is 20% of the amount you underpaid

The IRS may impose the negligence penalty if it decides that a taxpayer's negligence or disregard of the rules or regulations caused an underpayment of taxes.

Explanation:

Answer:

deduct it from your wages  or paycheck and also you can go to jail for tax invasion

Explanation:

Answer:

what is this  

Explanation:

Answer:

general election ..............

Answer:

Bio-social criminology tries to break this down and explain why certain factors can contribute to criminal behavior. Bio-social criminology posits that it's not just environmental and social factors affecting criminal behavior but biological factors as well.

Explanation:

Answer:

Larry, Moe and Curly own an investment property as tenants in common. Because of a recent business disagreement, Curly wants to divest himself of the property. If the three owners cannot mutually agree on a plan to settle the matter, Curly may seek an equitable distribution of the property

All three own Moe's interest in the Three Stooges as all of them were the tenants.

This is due to the fact that a business with a survivorship right legally goes to the person who survives. As a result, the property cannot be considered part of both the estate of the dead owner under the law.

Joint property owners have the right of succession, which guarantees that, in the event of one owner's passing, the surviving owner(s) will take over ownership of the deceased owner's part of the property.

As renters in common, Curly, Moe, and Larry jointly own a rental. Cindy wishes to sell property due to a recent economic quarrel. Curly may ask for a fair division of the land if the three owners are unable to come to an arrangement. The Three Stooges are owned by Larry, Moe, and Curly as equal partners with right of survivorship.

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Instead of a predetermined length of time, an indeterminate sentence has a definite minimum and maximum term of incarceration.

In terms of the law, a "indeterminate sentence" is a term of imprisonment with no set end date but a permitted maximum. The parole authority chooses who is qualified for parole. In this regard incarceration, an indeterminate sentence varies from a definite one in that regulations dictating the latter typically provide for parole eligibility after a specific percentage of the complete term—in most nations, from one-half to two-thirds of the initial sentence.

During the last quarter of the 19th century's reformatory movement, indeterminate sentence were invented. Rather than a sentence handed down by a judge, release was based on how well the incarceration training program was going. As of right now, the parole authorities, field parole officers, and prison staff are the ones that propose a person be released on parole after serving an indeterminate sentence.

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