Diagrams, tables, and graphs are used by scientists to

Answer:

Here's what I get  

Explanation:

(i) Voltaic cell

A voltaic cell is a device that uses a chemical reaction to produce electrical energy.

(ii) Overall Cell Potential

The standard reduction potentials for the half-reactions are

                               ℰ°/V

Cu²⁺ + 2e⁻ ⇌ Cu    0.34

Zn²⁺ + 2e⁻ ⇌ Zn   -0.76

The half-reaction with the more positive potential is the reduction half-reaction. It is the reaction that occurs at the cathode.

The half-reaction with the more negative potential is the oxidation half-reaction. It is the  reaction that occurs at the anode.

We reverse that half-reaction and subtract the voltages to get the cell reaction.

                                                          ℰ°/V

Cathode:  Cu²⁺ + 2e⁻ ⇌ Cu              0.34

Anode:     Zn ⇌ Zn²⁺ + 2e⁻              -0.76

Cell:          Zn +  Cu²⁺ ⇌ Zn²⁺ + Cu    1.10

\(\mathcal{E}_{\text{cell}}^{\circ} = \mathcal{E}_{\text{cat}}^{\circ} - \mathcal{E}_{\text{an}}^{\circ} = \text{0.34 V} - \text{(-0.76 V)} = \text{0.34 V} + \text{0.76 V} = \textbf{1.10 V}\)

(iii) Diagram

The specific labels will depend on your textbook.

They are often as follows.

a. Electron flow

b. Voltmeter or lightbulb

c. Electron flow

d. Cathode or Cu

e. Cu²⁺(aq) and NO₃⁻(aq)

f. Salt bridge

g. Zn²⁺(aq) and NO₃⁻(aq)

h. Anode or Zn

The salt bridge enables ions to flow in the internal circuit and to maintain electrical neutrality in the two compartments.

It often consists of a saturated solution of KCl.

As Zn²⁺ ions form in the anode compartment, Cl⁻ ions move in to provide partners for them.

As Cu²⁺ ions are removed from the cathode compartment, K⁺ ions move in to replace them.

Answer:a. Electron flow

b. Voltmeter or lightbulb

c. Electron flow

d. Cathode or Cu

e. Cu²⁺(aq) and NO₃⁻(aq)

f. Salt bridge

g. Zn²⁺(aq) and NO₃⁻(aq)

h. Anode or Zn

Explanation:

Answer:

The percentage concentration (w/v) of phenylephrine in the injection is 1 %.

Explanation:

The percentage concentration in w/v of the phenylephrine hydrochloride can be calculated as follows:

\(\%^{w}/_{v} = \frac{m}{V} \times 100\)

Where:

m: is the mass of the solute in grams

V: is the volume of the solution in milliliters

The concentration of the phenylephrine hydrochloride is 10 mg/mL, so the percentage concentration is:

\(\%^{w}/_{v} = \frac{m}{V} \times 100\)

\(\%^{w}/_{v} = \frac{10 \cdot 10^{-3} g}{1 mL} \times 100\)

\(\%^{w}/_{v} = 1 \%\)

Therefore, the percentage concentration (w/v) of phenylephrine in the injection is 1 %.

I hope it helps you!

The names of the compounds differ by the type of metal present in them, which are Calcium (Ca) and Cadmium (Cd)

From the question,

We are to determine the how the name of CaS differ from the name of CdS

First, we will determine the identities of the elements in the given compounds

Ca represents calcium

and

S represents sulfur

∴ The compound is named Calcium sulfide

Cd represents the element Cadmium

and

S represent the element Sulfur

∴ The compound is named Cadmium sulfide

Hence, the names of the compounds differ by the type of metal present in them, which are Calcium (Ca) and Cadmium (Cd)

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Answer:

a process that involves rearrangement of the molecular or ionic structure of a substance, as distinct from a change in physical form or a nuclear reaction.

A chemical reaction rearranges the constituent atoms of the reactants to create different substances as products.

hope this helps ^^

Answer: 3.05L= V2

Explanation:

using

P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2

where p1= 345torr

T1, tempertaure= -15c+ 273=258K

T2, temperature= 36+ 273=309K

p2, Pressure= 468 torr

V2=???

P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2

v2=P1V1T2/T1P2= 345X3.46L X 309/ 258X 468=

V2=  3.05L

Answer:

The pH scale ranges from 0-14.

Explanation:

Zero is the most acidic measurement while six would be the least acidic of the acids, seven is a pure substance, neither acidic nor basic, eight is the least basic measurement while 14 is the most basic of the bases.

The activation energy of this second-order reaction is approximately 59.34 kJ/mol.

To calculate the activation energy of the second-order reaction, we can use the Arrhenius equation, which relates the rate constant (k) to the activation energy (Ea) and the temperature (T):

\(k = A * e^{-Ea/RT}\)

Where:

- k is the rate constant

- A is the pre-exponential factor or frequency factor

- Ea is the activation energy

- R is the gas constant (8.314 J/(mol·K))

- T is the temperature in Kelvin

We have two sets of data:

At 25°C (298 K):

k1 = 0.008 L/(mol·s)

At 70°C (343 K):

k2 = 0.027 L/(mol·s)

To simplify the calculation, we will take the ratio of the rate constants at the two temperatures:

\(k2/k1 = (A * e^{-Ea/(R * T2} / (A * e^{-Ea/(R * T1} )\)

Simplifying further, we can cancel out the pre-exponential factor (A) and rearrange the equation:

\(k2/k1 = e^{(Ea/R) * (1/T1 - 1/T2)}\)

Taking the natural logarithm (ln) of both sides:

\(ln(k2/k1) = (Ea/R) * (1/T1 - 1/T2)\)

Now, we can plug in the values:

ln(0.027/0.008) = (Ea/8.314) * (1/298 - 1/343)

Solving for Ea:

Ea = (8.314 * ln(0.027/0.008)) / ((1/298) - (1/343))

Ea ≈ 59.34 kJ/mol (rounded to 2 decimal places)

Therefore, the activation energy of this second-order reaction is approximately 59.34 kJ/mol.

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After solving the equation the volume of the gas in the container is 26.6L.

What is ideal gas law?

Pressure times volume are equal to moles times the universal gas constant times temperature, according to the ideal gas law formula.

PV=nRT

where P is for pressure

n = number of moles, where V = volume

T stands for temperature.

R is the gas constant

Energy units per temperature increase per mole are measured by the gas constant R. It is sometimes referred to as the molar gas constant, the ideal gas constant, and the universal gas constant.

Depending on the units you use in your computation, the gas constant R has a different value.

To convert degree celcious to kelvin, 55degree C+273= 328K

To convert pressure from mmHg to atm= 890/760=1.17atm

Number of moles of oxygen= 37.04/32=1.16mol

V= nRT/P

 =1.16*0.0821*328/1.17

 =26.6L

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Answer:

sorry i can't figure out the exact answer but i think it is 2amu if it is wrong again i'm so sorry

Explanation:

Hydrogen has three isotopes, which include hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium with atomic masses of about 1 amu, 2 amu, and 3 amu. Then the average atomic mass will be 2 amu. Thus option b is correct.

Isotopes are defined as a variation of an element that posses same atomic number but different atomic mass.

Isotopes has nearly same chemical behavior by different physical properties.
It can also be defined as the variant of chemical elements that posses same number of protons and electrons but different number of neutrons.

Radioactive isotopes are used in agriculture, food processing, pest control, archaeology and medicines.

Thus, Hydrogen has three isotopes, which include hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium with atomic masses of about 1 amu, 2 amu, and 3 amu. Then the average atomic mass will be 2 amu. Thus option b is correct.

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Your question is incomplete but probably your fell question was

Hydrogen has three isotopes, which include hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium with atomic masses of about 1 amu, 2 amu, and 3 amu, respectively. Considering the average atomic mass of hydrogen that appears on the Periodic Table, which statement is correct?

a. 1.5 amu

b. 2 amu

c. 3 amu

d. 1.01 amu

Answer:

Some of the common methods of separating substances or mixtures are:

Leaving the bottle open allows the CO2 gas to escape, shifting the equilibrium towards the production of more CO2 until eventually, the drink becomes flat, losing its fizziness.

When you open a bottle of a soft drink and leave it open, the drink eventually goes flat because the equilibrium between carbonic acid (H2CO3) and carbon dioxide (CO2) shifts to produce more CO2 gas.

In a closed bottle of soft drink, there is a balance between dissolved CO2 and carbonic acid. The carbonic acid forms when CO2 gas dissolves in the liquid. This equilibrium between CO2 and carbonic acid helps give the drink its characteristic fizz.

When you open the bottle, the pressure inside decreases, causing the dissolved CO2 to come out of the solution in the form of gas bubbles. This process is known as degassing. As the CO2 gas escapes, the equilibrium shifts to produce more CO2 to compensate for the lost gas. However, without the closed environment of the bottle, the CO2 gas escapes into the air, and the drink loses its carbonation.

Therefore, leaving the bottle open allows the CO2 gas to escape, shifting the equilibrium towards the production of more CO2 until eventually, the drink becomes flat, losing its fizziness.

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Explanation:

The atoms on the periodic table are grouped according to having similar properties. Therefore, atoms of group 15 has 5 valence electrons.

Answer:

The last option is correct.

The Ka of the weak acid is 1.97 × 10⁻⁵.

We have to determine the Ka of this weak acid.Let us first recall the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:pH = pKa + log([A⁻]/[HA])Here, A⁻ represents the conjugate base of the weak acid, and HA represents the weak acid itself.We are given pH = 5.600.

Taking the negative log of both sides gives:

pH = -log[H⁺]5.600

= -log[H⁺]

H⁺ = 2.51 × 10⁻⁶ mol/LNext, we can use the fact that [A⁻]/[HA] = 1\(10^(^p^H^-^p^K^_a)\) to calculate the ratio of the concentrations of the weak acid and its conjugate base.

Rearranging gives:pKa = pH - log([A⁻]/[HA])We know pH and we just calculated [H⁺]. Since the weak acid is not strong, it is assumed that it completely ionizes.

So, [A⁻] = [H⁺] and [HA] = initial concentration of weak acid.

Therefore, the ratio of [A⁻] to [HA] is simply [H⁺] / initial concentration of weak acid.

Plugging all these values in gives:pKa = 5.600 - log(2.51 × 10⁻⁶/0.250)

pKa = 4.65

The Ka can be calculated as follows:

Ka = \(10^-^p^K^_a\)

pKa = 1.97 × 10⁻⁵

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In an endothermic reaction, products are higher in potential energy and  less stable than reactants.

Endothermic reactions are those reactions that do not release heat but absorb heats, that's why the products are of higher potential energy and due to this they are less stable.

Thus, the correct option is C, higher; less.

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Answer: 6.57 L of solution can be made.

Explanation:

Molarity is defined as the amount of solute expressed in the number of moles present per liter of solution. The units of molarity are mol/L. The formula used to calculate molarity:

\(\text{Molarity of solution}=\frac{\text{Moles of solute}}{\text{Volume of solution (L)}}\) .....(1)

Given values:

Molarity of LiBr = 3.5 M

Moles of LiBr = 23 moles

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

\(3.5mol/L=\frac{23mol}{\text{Volume of solution}}\\\\\text{Volume of solution}=\frac{23mol}{3.5mol/L}=6.57L\)

Hence, 6.57 L of solution can be made.

The molecule has a Linear shape with a bond angle of 180  degrees.

Bond angle refers to the dihedral angle between two atoms that are connected to the same central atom. The central atom in this case is Xe.

We are told that there are three lone pairs of electrons that surround Xe. It then follows that the molecule has a Linear shape with a bond angle of 180  degrees.

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True. The electrochemical gradient is due to the fact that the membrane is selectively permeable. Membrane permeability determines which substances can enter or leave the cell.

When the concentration of an ion is higher on one side of the membrane than on the other side, an electrochemical gradient is created. This gradient causes ions to move across the membrane to reach equilibrium, resulting in a potential difference across the membrane.

This potential difference, or membrane potential, is a form of stored energy that the cell can use to do work, such as driving the movement of substances across the membrane or powering cellular processes like muscle contraction or nerve impulse transmission.

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Answer:

A

Explanation:

A compound machine is a combination of two or more simple machines.

The following statements are true regarding the use of indicators in selective media: they provide a visible change in the media indicating a reaction.

They often indicate whether an acid or base has been produced they may react with a product from a biochemical reaction to produce a color change. Indicators are substances that change color based on their response to an alteration in pH, such as the presence of acidic or basic components. Indicators are used in selective media to reveal the presence of the required organisms. The use of indicators in selective media has several benefits.

When the organism grows in a selective medium that has been supplemented with an indicator, the presence of the organism is immediately apparent because the indicator undergoes a color change as a result of the metabolic activity of the organism.

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Answer:

When nitric acid reacts with ammonia, ammonium nitrate is formed.

The mass of the zinc ribbon that reacted in the given reaction is 0.981 grams.

To determine the mass of the zinc ribbon that reacted in the given reaction, we need to use the concept of stoichiometry and the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between silver nitrate (AgNO₃) and zinc (Zn).

Balanced chemical equation for reaction is;

2AgNO₃ + Zn → 2Ag + Zn(NO₃)₂

From the balanced chemical equation, we can see that 1 mole of zinc (Zn) reacts with 2 moles of silver nitrate (AgNO₃) to produce 2 moles of silver (Ag).

First, we need to calculate the molar mass of silver (Ag) and silver nitrate (AgNO₃) from the periodic table;

Molar mass of Ag = 107.87 g/mol

Molar mass of AgNO3 = 107.87 g/mol + 14.01 g/mol + (3 x 16.00 g/mol) = 169.87 g/mol

Now, we can use the given mass of silver obtained (1.62 g) and its molar mass (107.87 g/mol) to calculate the moles of silver;

moles of Ag = mass of Ag / molar mass of Ag = 1.62 g / 107.87 g/mol = 0.015 moles

Since 2 moles of silver nitrate (AgNO3) react with 1 mole of zinc (Zn), the number of moles of zinc (Zn) that reacted is also 0.015 moles.

Finally, we can calculate the mass of the zinc ribbon that reacted using the molar mass of zinc (Zn), which is 65.38 g/mol;

mass of Zn = moles of Zn x molar mass of Zn = 0.015 moles x 65.38 g/mol

= 0.981 g

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Answer: Thx for the free points brother!

Explanation: Thx!

The molar mass of carbon (C) is 12.0107 u.

Answer:

Explanation:

The answer is 12.0107 u

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Answer:

9.76 x 10²³molecules

Explanation:

Given parameters:

Mass of N₂O₅  = 175gram

Unknown:

Number of molecules  = ?

Solution:

To find the number of molecules contained in the given mass, we need to find the number of moles of N₂O₅ first.

   Number of moles  = \(\frac{mass}{molar mass}\)

 Molar mass of N₂O₅ = 2(14) + 5(16) = 108g/mol

  Number of moles = \(\frac{175}{108}\)   = 1.62moles

  Now;

               1 mole of a substance  = 6.02 x 10²³ molecules

              1.62 mole of N₂O₅  = 1.62 x 6.02 x 10²³  = 9.76 x 10²³molecules

The correct answer is:

c. Reduction occurs at the cathode and is where cations move towards.

In a galvanic cell, also known as a voltaic cell, a spontaneous redox (reduction-oxidation) reaction occurs, generating electrical energy. The cell consists of two half-cells: the anode and the cathode.

The anode is where oxidation occurs, and it is the site where electrons are produced. Oxidation involves the loss of electrons, so the anode releases electrons into the circuit. This process creates an excess of cations (positively charged ions) in the anode compartment.

The cathode is where reduction occurs. Reduction involves the gain of electrons. Electrons flow from the anode through the external circuit to the cathode, where they are consumed in a reduction reaction. This results in a reduction of cations at the cathode and the formation of a neutral species or anions (negatively charged ions).

To summarize, the correct statement is that reduction occurs at the cathode and is where cations move towards. It is important to note that the movement of ions in a galvanic cell is driven by the flow of electrons through the external circuit, from the anode to the cathode.

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The effect of concentration on the rate of reaction between magnesium ribbon and dilute sulphuric acid can be observed by changing the concentration of the acid while keeping the temperature constant.

As the concentration of the acid increases, the rate of reaction will also increase. This is because there are more acid particles present in the solution, which means there is a greater chance of successful collisions between the acid particles and the magnesium ribbon.
Similarly, the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction can be observed by changing the temperature while keeping the concentration of the acid constant. As the temperature increases, the rate of reaction will also increase. This is because the particles have more energy at higher temperatures, which means they will move faster and collide more frequently, leading to a faster reaction rate.
Overall, both concentration and temperature have an impact on the rate of reaction between magnesium ribbon and dilute sulphuric acid. By increasing the concentration or temperature, the rate of reaction will increase as well.

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The hydrated ions are free to move around when ionic salts dissociate in aqueous solutions. Their movement, however, is random, and there is no charge.

After separating a solid substance into its ions, the ions are ready for reactions. When a compound is solid, the ions are held together by electrostatic attractions. To allow ions to move freely, it must first be dissolved in solution. Consider the reaction between sodium chloride and silver nitrate. Both of these compounds are commonly available in solid form. First, you would dissolve both solids in a solution, in this case water. (See Equations 1 and 2)

Once the solid has dissolved and separated into its ions in solution, these ions are ready to react in the chemical reaction (Equation 3).

Keep in mind that the AgNO3(aq) and NaCl(aq) reactants demonstrate that the ions are in solution. In other words, AgNO3(aq) is the same as Ag+(aq)+NO3(aq), and NaCl(aq) is the same as Na+(aq)+Cl (aq). The equation in Equation 3 represents a double displacement reaction, which means that cations in the reactants exchange anions to form the products. A precipitate is formed in the laboratory that we identify as silver chloride.

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Answer:

Renewable resources include biomass energy (such as ethanol), hydropower, geothermal power, wind energy, and solar energy. Biomass refers to organic material from plants or animals. This includes wood, sewage, and ethanol (which comes from corn or other plants).

five examples of renewable resources

Solar energy.

Wind energy.

Geothermal energy.

Hydropower.

Bioenergy.

I hope it help you

Answer:

The most popular renewable energy sources

currently are

Solar energy

Wind energy

Hydro energy

Tidal energy

Geothermal energy

Biomass energy