Part A: Calculation of initial pH The HBr, which is a strong acid will dissociate completely in water. The reaction can be represented as HBr → H+ + Br-
The concentration of HBr = 0.175 MInitially, there are no added KOH. Therefore,
the concentration of H+ = 0.175 M. To calculate the initial pH,
we can use the formula pH = -log[H+].pH
= -log(0.175)
= 0.756
Part B: Calculation of volume of added base required to reach the equivalence point At the equivalence point, moles of acid = moles of base. To calculate the volume of added KOH required to reach the equivalence point,
we can use the formula: MV = MV36.0 mL of 0.175 M
HBr = 0.0063 moles of HBr
Moles of KOH required = 0.0063 moles
Volume of 0.205 M KOH required = (0.0063/0.205)
L = 0.0307 L = 30.7 mL
Part C: Calculation of pH at 11.9 mL of added base 11.9 mL is less than the volume required to reach the equivalence point (30.7 mL).
Therefore, the reaction is still acidic.
HBr + KOH → KBr + H2O
Total moles of HBr initially = (0.175 mol/L) × (0.036 L)
= 0.0063 mol
Moles of HBr left after addition of 11.9 mL KOH= 0.175 M × (0.036 L + 0.0119 L)
= 0.00935 moles
Moles of KOH added = (0.205 mol/L) × (0.0119 L)
= 0.00244 moles
Since KOH is a strong base, it will react completely with water.
The reaction can be represented as KOH + H2O → K+ + OH-
The OH- ions produced will react with H+ to form water.
Therefore, [OH-] = moles of KOH added/total volume of the reaction
= 0.00244 moles/(0.036 L + 0.0119 L)
= 0.0485 M.p
OH = -log[OH-]
= -log(0.0485)
= 1.314pH
= 14 - pOH
= 12.686
Part D: Calculation of pH at the equivalence point At the equivalence point, the solution contains KBr and water. KBr will dissociate into K+ and Br-. The K+ ions will react with OH- to form KOH.
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Level 3
Q1
Forces that are equal but opposite
are called
A. Net force
B. Friction
C. Centripetal force
D. Balanced forces
option D Balanced force
What should you do if you do not observe any difference in the TLC after 20 minutes? What does this say about the reaction or the analytical method?
What is occurring chemically with the sodium bisulfite? What is the orange color and why does it go away with the sodium bisulfite treatment?
What if, upon cooling, no crystals form? What can you conclude about this observation? What should you do in this case?
If one does not observe any difference in the TLC after 20 minutes, it shows that the reaction was not carried out or did not take place. In such a case, one should repeat the reaction under optimal conditions.
In such a case, you should consider rechecking the reaction or the analytical technique used. This situation suggests that the reaction may be unsuccessful due to a technical issue such as failure to provide necessary conditions for the reaction to occur. It may also imply that the reaction being analyzed did not undergo any significant transformation, hence no difference was observed.
One can solve this problem by changing the solvent and considering the pH of the solution to provide optimal conditions for the reaction to occur. A more sensitive analytical method could also be employed to detect small changes or differences. The primary cause of the orange color is impurities present in the product, which are subsequently reduced to form the final product through sodium bisulfite treatment. When cooled, if no crystals form, it indicates that the product did not form, and the reaction did not take place.
This can result from an incorrect ratio of reactants, the purity of reagents, or incorrect reaction conditions. In such a case, one should repeat the reaction under optimal conditions.
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What do the valence of electrons tell you?
Answer:
valence electrons are the electrons that are located in the outermost electron shell of an element. Knowing how to find the number of valence electrons in a particular atom is an important skill for chemists because this information determines the kinds of chemical bonds that it can form and, therefore, the element's reactivity
Explanation:
what happens when steel fibers and battery touch each other please answer the question i need help ASP
Steel fibers bridge the crack at very small crack openings, transfer stresses and develop post crack strength in the concrete.
What materials make up steel fibre?Nowadays, flexural strength, crack resistance, and explosion resistance are increased by using short length steel wire or thin steel sheets. Steel fibre is the name of this unique reinforcement, and the resulting concrete is steel fibre reinforced concrete.
What varieties of steel fibres are there?In order to study the effects of steel fibre and the volume content ratio of fibre on the compressive, splitting, and tensile strengths of high-strength lightweight aggregate concrete (HLAC), three different types of steel fibers—micro (M), end-hooked (H), and corrugated (C)—that are frequently used in engineering applications are added to HLAC.
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Select all of the following that are components of nucleotides. a. nitrogen-containing base b. hydrocarbon tail attached to a polar head c. glycerol d. sugar e. phosphorus-containing groups
Answer:
A and E
Explanation:
with Adenine ,thymine , cytosine and guanine
Give an example of an amorphous solid.... PLS HELP ON THIS
A compound "P"is formed by the combination of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms. a) Identify the compound P and write its chemical formula. (1) b) Write any one important use of the compound P. (1) c) Write any two properties of compounds. (1)Immersive Reader
Answer:
a)Carbon (iv) oxide; CO₂
b)It is used in fire extinguishers
c) i. It is denser than air
ii. It dissolves in water to form an acidic solution
Explanation:
a) Since the compound P is composed of one atom of carbon and two atoms of oxygen, the formula of the compound is CO₂. The name of the compound is carbon(iv) oxide.
b) Carbon (iv) oxide is a gas that is of great importance to living organisms. Plants require it for photosynthesis while human produce it during the process of respiration.
Industrially, it is used in carbonated drinks. It is also used in fire extinguishers
c) The properties of Carbon (iv) oxide include the following:
i) it is an odourless colorless gas
ii) it is denser than air
iii) it dissolves in water to form a weak acidic solution, etc.
Does magnesium and oxygen form ionic bonds?.
Magnesium and oxygen form magnesium oxide as a result of another instance of ionic bonding.
Describe magnesium oxide.Magnesium oxide is a type of the mineral that is frequently consumed as a dietary supplement. Although it has a lesser absorption than that of other forms of magnesium, it might nevertheless be advantageous. Constipation and migraines are its two main uses. In some groups, it might also aid in lowering anxiety, blood sugar, and blood pressure.
What use does magnesium oxide serve?Different applications for magnesium oxide exist. As an antacid, some people take it to treat acid indigestion, sour stomach, and heartburn. In order to quickly and temporarily clear the bowels, magnesium oxide may also be used as a laxative (before surgery, for example). Use of it frequently is not advised.
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Which part of this system is most greatly impacted when human activities release excessive amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere?
When human activities release excessive amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, then atmosphere is most greatly impacted.
What are greenhouse gases?Greenhouse gases are gases the in the atmosphere of Earth that trap heat.
The greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere and contribute to the phenomenon of global warming, which has numerous negative effects on the climate and environment.
Excessive greenhouse gas emissions can cause rising global temperatures, more frequent and severe weather events, sea level rise, ocean acidification, and other environmental changes that have significant impacts on ecosystems, agriculture and human societies. Therefore, it is important to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to mitigate the impacts of the climate change.
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How many joules of heat are needed to raise the temperature of 18 g of aluminum from 32°C to 75°C, if the specific heat of aluminum is 0.90 J/g°C?
Answer:
wow nice have to spam qwdcws on a question that i have
Explanation:
Which of the following is NOT a valid statement about the compound 4-nonanamine?A) It is a nitrogen-containing compound.B) It is a primary amine.C) It contains nine carbons in a continuous chain. D) It contains a carbonyl group on the fourth carbon of the carbon chain.E) It is largely nonpolar.
The statement that is NOT valid about the compound 4-nonanamine is D) It contains a carbonyl group on the fourth carbon of the carbon chain.
The statement that is NOT valid about the compound 4-nonanamine is D) It contains a carbonyl group on the fourth carbon of the carbon chain. This is because a carbonyl group (-C=O) consists of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom, and it is not present in the structure of 4-nonanamine. Instead, it contains an amino group (-NH2) attached to the fourth carbon of the carbon chain. The compound is a primary amine because the amino group is attached to the first carbon of the chain. It contains nine carbons in a continuous chain, making it a nonapeptide. Additionally, due to the presence of the amino group, the compound is polar, so option E) is also not a valid statement. In summary, the correct answer is D) It contains a carbonyl group on the fourth carbon of the carbon chain.
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What mode of transportation is limited to specialized products such as liquids and gases?.
Pipeline is a form of transportation that is restricted to specialist goods like liquids and gases.
How pipeline is the best mode of transportation for liquids and gases?Manufacturing companies might use a variety of transportation methods that are used in logistics. However, these differ according on shipment volume, price, and destination. The manufacturing businesses that create liquid, semi-liquid, and gas products are most suited for this form of transportation. Pipeline construction might be expensive, but the expenditures per mile are lower.
They are very specialised and restricted to slurry forms of liquids, gases, and solids. There is no need for packing, and the cost per mile is inexpensive.
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An old refrigerator is rated at 500 W how many kilowatt hours of electric energy what does refrigerator use in 30 days assume the refrigerator is running 12 hours per day
The refrigerator would use 180 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electric energy over the course of 30 days, assuming it runs for 12 hours each day.
To calculate the kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electric energy used by the refrigerator in 30 days, we need to multiply the power rating by the total running time.
Given:
Power rating of the refrigerator = 500 W
Running time per day = 12 hours
Number of days = 30
First, we need to convert the power rating from watts to kilowatts:
Power rating = 500 W / 1000 = 0.5 kW
Next, we calculate the total energy used in kilowatt-hours (kWh) over the 30-day period:
Energy used = Power rating × Running time × Number of days
Energy used = 0.5 kW × 12 hours/day × 30 days
Energy used = 180 kWh
Therefore, the refrigerator would use 180 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electric energy over the course of 30 days, assuming it runs for 12 hours each day.
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In cooking, what does "al dente" literally translate to?.
Answer:
to the tooth
Explanation:
Its also a way to cook your pasta because you cook it just long enough so that it is neither hard nor soft but is firm and slightly chewy.
But if we're talking a literal translation than it would be to the tooth.
CaCO3 (s) + 2HCl (aq) → CaCl2 (aq) + CO2 (g) + H20 (1)
In the chemical reaction above, what states are CaCO3 and
H2O in, respectively?
a) Aqueous, Solid
b) Gas, Liquid
c) Gas, Aqueous
d) Solid, Liquid
e) Solid, Aqueous
Answer:
solid and liquid state respectively
Answer:
A - solid, liquid
Explanation:
ur welcome
Which particle makes the atom an unstable isotope (make sure to check the box at the bottom that says stable/unstable)
The particle that makes the atom an unstable isotope is the neutron. When there is an excess or a deficiency of neutrons in an atom's nucleus, it becomes an unstable isotope.
Unstable isotopes are isotopes that decay and emit radiation until they reach a stable state. They are also known as radioactive isotopes. The radioactive isotopes are unstable and have an unpredictable lifespan because they have an unstable ratio of neutrons to protons. This excess of neutrons in the nucleus results in a greater electrostatic repulsion between protons, causing instability and eventually decay.Neutrons are the particles that are responsible for making atoms unstable isotopes. The excess or deficiency of neutrons in an atom's nucleus leads to an unstable state and eventually decay. Radioactive isotopes are important for various practical applications such as nuclear power, radiography, and cancer treatment.
Therefore, neutrons makes the atom an unstable isotope. The decay of unstable isotopes can be used for many practical applications such as nuclear power, radiography, and cancer treatment.
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(25 POINTS) How does sediment size around a river affect erosion?
Answer: It can affect the shape of sediment because it is scraping very slowly against it causing it to change,
Explanation:
Calculate the cell potential for the following reaction that takes place in an electrochemical cell at 25°C. Sn(s) | Sn2+(aq, 0.022 M) || Ag+(aq, 2.7 M) | Ag(s)a. -0.83 Vb. +1.01 Vc. -0.66 Vd. +1.31 Ve. +0.01 V
The cell potential for the given reaction at 25°C is -0.66 V, which corresponds to option (c).
The cell potential for the given electrochemical cell can be calculated using the Nernst equation:
Ecell = E°cell - (RT/nF) * ln(Q)
where:
E°cell is the standard cell potential
R is the gas constant (8.314 J/mol·K)
T is the temperature in Kelvin (25°C = 298 K)
n is the number of electrons transferred in the balanced redox reaction
F is the Faraday constant (96,485 C/mol)
Q is the reaction quotient, which is the ratio of product concentrations to reactant concentrations, each raised to their stoichiometric coefficients.
In this case, the balanced redox reaction is:
Sn(s) + 2Ag+(aq) → Sn2+(aq) + 2Ag(s)
The standard reduction potentials for the half-reactions involved can be found in tables, and the standard cell potential can be calculated as:
E°cell = E°reduction (cathode) - E°oxidation (anode)
E°cell = (+0.80 V) - (-0.14 V) (from tables)
E°cell = +0.94 V
To calculate the reaction quotient, we can use the concentrations given in the problem and the stoichiometry of the balanced reaction:
Q = [Sn2+(aq)] / [Ag+(aq)]^2
Q = (0.022 M) / (2.7 M)^2
Q = 0.000915
Now we can substitute the values into the Nernst equation and solve for Ecell:
Ecell = E°cell - (RT/nF) * ln(Q)
Ecell = +0.94 V - (8.314 J/mol·K / (2 * 96,485 C/mol) * ln(0.000915))
Ecell = -0.66 V
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The correct answer is (b) +1.01 V. The cell potential can be calculated using the Nernst equation: Ecell = E°cell - (RT/nF) ln(Q)
Nernst equation: Ecell = E°cell - (RT/nF) ln(Q), where E°cell is the standard cell potential, R is the gas constant, T is the temperature in kelvins, n is the number of electrons transferred in the balanced equation, F is the Faraday constant, and Q is the reaction quotient.
In this case, the balanced equation for the cell reaction is:
Sn(s) + 2 Ag+(aq) → Sn2+(aq) + 2 Ag(s)
The standard reduction potentials for Sn2+(aq) and Ag+(aq) are -0.14 V and +0.80 V, respectively. Thus, the standard cell potential can be calculated as:
E°cell = E°red, cathode - E°red, anode
= (+0.80 V) - (-0.14 V)
= +0.94 V
To calculate Q, we need to use the concentrations of the species in the half-cells. The concentration of Sn2+(aq) is given as 0.022 M, and the concentration of Ag+(aq) is given as 2.7 M. Thus:
Q = [Sn2+(aq)] / [Ag+(aq)]
= 0.022 / 2.7
= 0.0081
Substituting the values into the Nernst equation gives:
Ecell = E°cell - (RT/nF) ln(Q)
= +0.94 V - (0.0257/2) ln(0.0081)
= +1.01 V
Therefore, the cell potential for the given reaction is +1.01 V.
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You are a NASCAR pit crew member. Your employer is leading the race with 15 laps to go. He just finished a pit stop and has 3.0 gallons of fuel in the tank. On the way out of the pits, he asks, “Am I going to have enough fuel to finish the race or am I going to have to make another pit stop?” You whip out your calculator and begin your calculations based on your knowledge of stoichiometry. Other information you know is:
C5H12 + O2 → CO2 + H2O
The car uses an average of 275.0 grams of O2 for each lap.
The formula for fuel is C5H12
The fuel has a density of 700 g/gal.
What do you tell the driver? Can he finish the race? Will he have fuel left over?
Answer:
When Darrell is radioed back he would be asked to “Go for it!”
Explanation:
Here we are given the fuel as C₅H₁₂, therefore the combustion reaction is given as
C₅H₁₂ + 8O₂ → 5CO₂ + H₂O
Mass of oxygen consumed on each lap = 300 g
Molar mass of oxygen gas O₂ = 32 g/mol
Number of moles of oxygen n 300 g of O₂ =
(300 g)/(32 g/mol) = 9.375 moles
For complete combustion, one mole of oxygen gas reacts with one mole C₅H₁₂, to form 5 moles of CO₂ and one mole of H₂O
Therefore 9.375 moles of oxygen ill combine with 9.375/8 or 1.172 moles of C₅H₁₂
Mass of 1.172 moles is given as
Mass = Number of moles × Molar mass
= 1.172 moles × 72.15 g/mole = 84.551 g
Therefore the mass of fuel to complete one lap = 84.551 g
However there are 25 gallons or 3.5 kg in the tank therefore we have
Number of laps the fuel in the tank can last = Mass of fuel in the tank/ Mass of fuel consumed per lap
= 3.5/84.551 = 41.395 laps.
Number of laps the fuel in the tank can last = 41.395 laps.
Since there are 20 laps left to complete, which is less than 41.395 laps left in the fuel tank of the vehicle, then Darrell would be asked to go for it.
The system below was at equilibrium in a
7.0 L container. What change will occur
for the system when the container is
shrunk to 2.5 L?
2SO₂(g) + O₂(g) = 2SO3(g) + 198 kJ
Hint: How many moles of gas are on each side?
Answer: the reactions shifts to the right (products) to produce fewer moles of gas
Explanation:
acellus confirmed
The equilibrium will shift to the right, favoring the formation of more SO₃(g) to reduce the pressure.
According to Le Chatelier's principle, when a system at equilibrium is subjected to a change in temperature, pressure, or concentration of reactants/products, the system will adjust itself to counteract the change and reestablish equilibrium.
In the given reaction, the total number of moles of gas on the left side (2 moles of SO₂ and 1 mole of O₂) is greater than the total number of moles of gas on the right side (2 moles of SO₃). When the container is shrunk to 2.5 L, the volume is reduced, resulting in an increase in pressure.
To counteract the increase in pressure, the equilibrium will shift to the side with fewer moles of gas. In this case, the equilibrium will shift to the right (forward direction), favoring the formation of more SO₃(g). By producing more SO₃, the system effectively reduces the number of moles of gas, thereby decreasing the pressure to reestablish equilibrium.
This shift to the right will increase the concentration of SO₃(g) and decrease the concentrations of SO₂(g) and O₂(g) until a new equilibrium is reached in the smaller 2.5 L container. As a result of this change, more SO₃(g) will be produced, and the reaction will release more heat (198 kJ) to maintain the new equilibrium state.
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Which two factors affect the strength of
a metallic bond?
Answer: Number of protons and number of valance electrons.
Explanation:
There are three factors which determine metallic bond strength. greater the no of protons, greater will be attraction between nucleus and valance shell electrons and stronger will be metallic bond. greater no of valance electron, greater will be attractions between nucleus and electrons and stronger will be bond.
how many particles are in 1.50 moles of Hg?
Answer:
Atoms=9.033*10^23 atoms
Explanation:
Atoms=no.of miles*Avogadro's no.
Atoms=1.5*6.022*10^23
Atoms=9.033*10^23 atoms
Explanation:
Just took the test
Suppose a small amount of heat Q flows from a system A at high temperature (350K) to a system B at low temperature (250K). If Q = 0. 5 J, mA = 1. 2 kg, and mB = 0. 6 kg, what will the total entropy change of the system be as a result?
A small amount of heat Q flows from a system A at high temperature (350K) to a system B at low temperature (250K). If Q = 0. 5 J, mA = 1. 2 kg, and mB = 0. 6 kg, the total entropy change of the system be 0.00057J/K.
Firstly we will be taking Q as a positive number,
Then, the entropy lost by A is Q/TA
= (-0.5 J)/(350 K)
= -1/700 J/K
= -0.00143 J/K.
Now, the entropy gain by B is Q/TB
= (0.5 J)/(250 K)
= 1/500 J/K
= +0.00200 J/K.
Therefore, the total entropy change of the system will be the the sum of entropy lost by A and entropy gain by B.
Hence the total entropy would be =0.00057 J/K.
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17. the binding of the amino acid in aminoacyl-trna is a (n) a. amide c. hemiacetal b. ester d. ether
The binding of the amino acid in aminoacyl-tRNA involves the formation of an ester bond. Option b
Aminoacyl-tRNA is a complex molecule that plays a crucial role in protein synthesis. It consists of a tRNA molecule covalently linked to an amino acid. The amino acid is attached to the 3' end of the tRNA molecule through an ester bond.
An ester bond is formed between the carboxyl group (-COOH) of the amino acid and the hydroxyl group (-OH) of the ribose sugar at the 3' end of the tRNA molecule. This ester bond is also referred to as an ester linkage. The formation of the ester bond is catalyzed by the enzyme aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase.
The ester bond in aminoacyl-tRNA is essential for protein synthesis. During translation, the aminoacyl-tRNA molecule carries the specific amino acid to the ribosome, where it is incorporated into the growing polypeptide chain. The ester bond is later hydrolyzed, releasing the amino acid for further use in protein synthesis.
In summary, the binding of the amino acid in aminoacyl-tRNA involves the formation of an ester bond between the carboxyl group of the amino acid and the hydroxyl group of the ribose sugar in the tRNA molecule.
Option b
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the third law of thermodynamics describes the entropy of a: select the correct answer below: solid liquid gas all of the above
The third law of thermodynamics describes the entropy of a: solid.
The third law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a pure crystalline substance approaches zero as the temperature approaches absolute zero (0 Kelvin or -273.15 degrees Celsius). This law implies that at absolute zero, a perfectly ordered and pure crystalline solid will have zero entropy.
The third law of thermodynamics is not specific to liquids or gases but applies to solids. In a solid, the molecules are highly ordered and have fixed positions in a regular lattice structure. As the temperature decreases towards absolute zero, the thermal motion of the molecules reduces, and the system becomes more ordered, resulting in a decrease in entropy.
In contrast, liquids and gases have higher entropy compared to solids at absolute zero because their molecules have more freedom of movement and are not as tightly arranged. Therefore, the third law of thermodynamics specifically addresses the entropy of solids and does not apply to liquids or gases.
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While in europe, if you drive 113 km per day, how much money would you spend on gas in one week if gas costs 1.10 euros per liter and your car's gas mileage is 28.0 mi/gal ? assume that 1euro=1.26dollars .
To calculate the amount of money you would spend on gas in one week while driving 113 km per day in Europe, gas costs we need to convert the given values and perform some calculations.
1 km = 0.621371 miles
So, 113 km is approximately equal to 70.21 miles (113 km * 0.621371).
Miles per gallon (mpg) = 28.0 mi/gal
Miles driven per week = 70.21 mi/day * 7 days = 491.47 miles/week
Gallons consumed per week = Miles driven per week / Miles per gallon = 491.47 mi/week / 28.0 mi/gal ≈ 17.55 gallons/week
1 euro = 1.26 dollars
Cost per gallon = 1.10 euros/gallon * 1.26 dollars/euro = 1.386 dollars/gallon
Total cost per week = Cost per gallon * Gallons consumed per week = 1.386 dollars/gallon * 17.55 gallons/week ≈ 24.33 dollars/week
Therefore, if gas costs 1.10 euros per liter, and your car's gas mileage is 28.0 mi/gal, you would spend approximately 24.33 dollars on gas in one week while driving 113 km per day in Europe.
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Which Amino Acid Is Classified As Neutral And Non-Polar? A) Aspartic Acid B) Histidine C) Phenylalanine D) Lysine E) Tyrosine
The amino acid classified as neutral and non-polar among the options provided is C) Phenylalanine.
Amino acids can be classified into different groups based on their properties such as polarity, charge, and structure. Neutral and non-polar amino acids are those that do not have a charged side chain and are hydrophobic in nature.
In this case, aspartic acid (A) is classified as acidic, histidine (B) is classified as basic, lysine (D) is classified as basic, and tyrosine (E) is classified as polar due to the presence of a hydroxyl group. These amino acids have polar or charged side chains.
However, phenylalanine (C) is a neutral and non-polar amino acid. It has a non-polar aromatic side chain consisting of a phenyl group, which makes it hydrophobic and contributes to its non-polar nature.
Therefore, among the options provided, phenylalanine (C) is the amino acid classified as neutral and non-polar.
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Is using gasoline to drive a chemical or physical
Answer:
Explanation:
Driving a car (burning gas is a chemical change) and almost all the plastics we use are made by chemical reactions of different components.
Ne + C, which bonding is?
Answer:
bonding conductor
Explanation:
they have bond of conductor between them.
discuss the concentrations of reactants and products in the equilibrium in the two sketches and explain why the reactants are predominant species at the equilibrium in your graphs even though the equilibrium constant is larger than 1.
This indicates that the equilibrium state of the reaction—also referred to as an unfavourable equilibrium—favors the reactants.
The reaction mechanism might be one explanation for this. Reactants may build up before the equilibrium state is reached if the reaction has a slow step. The reaction's stoichiometry, in which the ratio of products to reactants is not ideal for product formation, may also be a factor.
Reactant concentrations can be lowered or product concentrations can be raised to tip the equilibrium in favor of product formation. Altering the reaction conditions, such as temperature or pressure, can also encourage the formation of the desired product.
Overall, a number of variables, such as the reaction mechanism, stoichiometry, and reaction conditions, affect the concentrations of reactants and products at equilibrium.
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