consider the following reactions caused by triton, nuclei of 3h, interacting with16o to produce the compound nucleus 19f (10 points) for each of these reactions
3H+16O->19F+-> 18F+n
17O+d
18O+p
16N+3He
calculate in your coding language of choice (a) the q-value (use the atomic mass in appendix b in required textbook), (b) the kinematic threshold energy of the triton, (c) the threshold energy of the triton for the reaction, and (d) the minimum kinetic energy of the products. summarize your calculations in a table
Answers
(a) The q-value is -4.47 MeV
(b) The kinematic threshold energy is 1.39 MeV
(c) The threshold energy is 1.41 MeV
(d) The minimum kinetic energy of the products is 5.47 MeV
For the reaction, 3H + 16O → 19F → 18F + n, the Q-value is calculated by subtracting the sum of the masses of the products from the sum of the masses of the reactants. The Q-value for this reaction is
Q = -16.33 MeV.
The kinematic threshold energy of the triton for this reaction is the Q-value plus the mass of the triton, or
Ethresh = -16.33 + 3.01 = -13.32 MeV.
For the reaction, 17O + d → 18O + p, the Q-value is calculated by subtracting the sum of the masses of the products from the sum of the masses of the reactants. The Q-value for this reaction is
Q = -2.27 MeV.
The kinematic threshold energy of the triton for this reaction is the Q-value plus the mass of the triton, or
Ethresh = -2.27 + 3.01 = 0.74 MeV.
For the reaction, 18O + p → 16N + 3He, the Q-value is calculated by subtracting the sum of the masses of the products from the sum of the masses of the reactants. The Q-value for this reaction is
Q = 10.63 MeV.
The kinematic threshold energy of the triton for this reaction is the Q-value plus the mass of the triton, or
Ethresh = 10.63 + 3.01 = 13.64 MeV.
For the reaction, 16N + 3He → 19F, the Q-value is calculated by subtracting the sum of the masses of the products from the sum of the masses of the reactants. The Q-value for this reaction is
Q = -15.12 MeV.
The kinematic threshold energy of the triton for this reaction is the Q-value plus the mass of the triton, or
Ethresh = -15.12 + 3.01 = -12.11 MeV.
The minimum kinetic energy of the products is calculated by subtracting the kinematic threshold energy from the total energy of the incident particles. For the reaction, 3H + 16O → 19F → 18F + n, the minimum kinetic energy of the products is
Ekin = Etot - Ethresh = 0 MeV - (-13.32 MeV) = 13.32 MeV.
For the reaction, 17O + d → 18O + p, the minimum kinetic energy of the products is Ekin = Etot - Ethresh = 0 MeV - (0.74 MeV) = 0.74 MeV. For the reaction, 18O + p → 16N + 3He, the minimum kinetic energy of the products is
Ekin = Etot - Ethresh = 0 MeV - (13.64 MeV) = 13.64 MeV.
For the reaction, 16N + 3He → 19F, the minimum kinetic energy of the products is
Ekin = Etot - Ethresh = 0 MeV - (-12.11 MeV) = 12.11 MeV.
Consider the given reaction: 3H+16O→19F+->18F+n
The q-value can be calculated as:
q = (mass of reactants - mass of products) x c²q = [(3.016049 + 15.994915) - 18.998405] x (3 x 10⁸)²q = -7.17 x 10⁻¹³ Joules or -4.47 MeV
According to the kinematic threshold energy formula,
E = (A + a + 1)/(2A) x Q
where A = 16, a = 3 and Q = -4.47 MeV
E = (16 + 3 + 1)/(2 x 16) x (-4.47)E = 1.39 MeV
Threshold energy can be calculated as the sum of the binding energies of the triton and the oxygen nuclei minus the binding energy of fluorine nucleus.
E = [(8.48214 + 8.00346) - 12.46674] x (1.602 x 10⁻¹⁹)E = 2.267 x 10⁻¹² Joules or 1.41 MeV
According to the conservation of energy, the minimum kinetic energy of the products can be calculated as:
E_kin = [(A + a)/A] x (E_t - q) - (B_a/A) x (E_b + E_t)
where A = 16, a = 3, B_a = 1, E_t = 1.39 MeV, E_b = 0.997 MeV and q = -4.47 MeV
E_kin = [(16 + 3)/16] x (1.39 - (-4.47)) - (1/16) x (0.997 + 1.39)E_kin = 5.47 MeV
To learn more about "threshold energy", visit: https://brainly.com/question/726252
#SPJ11
Related Questions
Science help me now
Answers
Answer:
but were is the answer
Explanation:
i am so confuesed
Which option is the least likely use for a blast furnace? (1 point)
to smelt metal into workable forms
O to create alloys from multiple metals
O to minimize emissions during smelting
O to separate impurities from metals
Answers
your welcome
What is the frequency of a light wave with a wavelength of 4.28 x 10-7 m?
Answers
Answer:
Frequency of light is 0.701×10¹⁵ Hz
Explanation:
Given data:
Frequency of light = ?
wavelength of light = 4.28×10⁻⁷m
Solution:
Formula:
Speed of light = wavelength × frequency
c = λ × f
f = c/λ
This formula shows that both are inversely related to each other.
The speed of light is 3×10⁸ m/s
Frequency is taken in Hz.
It is the number of oscillations, wave of light make in one second.
Wavelength is designated as "λ" and it is the measured in meter. It is the distance between the two crust of two trough.
Now we will put the values in formula.
f = 3×10⁸ m/s / 4.28×10⁻⁷m
f = 0.701×10¹⁵ s⁻¹
s⁻¹ = Hz
f = 0.701×10¹⁵ Hz
what mass of aluminium is produced from 100g of aluminium oxide?
Answers
Answer:
This answer is 108g mass of aluminum is produced from 100g of aluminum oxide
Solar energy does not warm Earth’s surface evenly. For example, during the day, land areas warm up faster than nearby bodies of water. How does this uneven warming affect the movement of air over land and water?
Answers
Answer:
Land and sea breeze
Explanation:
This uneven warming of the land during the day results in the phenomenon called land and sea breeze.
During the day, the land heats up faster than the nearby ocean. Ocean is made up of water with a high specific heat capacity. This derives pressurized air near the surface of the land to the ocean. At night, the ocean does not easily lose heat after the land has lost its own. Pressurized air moves from the ocean to the land. This causes the warming of the land during the night.The pH of a solution of Ca(OH)2 is 8.57. Find the [Ca(OH)2]. Be careful, the fact that this base produces 2 OH- is important!
Answers
The concentration of Ca(OH)2 in the solution is approximately 1.33 x 10^(-6) M.
To find the concentration of Ca(OH)2 in a solution with a pH of 8.57, we need to use the concept of pOH, which is the negative logarithm of the hydroxide ion concentration ([OH-]). The pOH can be calculated by subtracting the pH from 14, which gives us 14 - 8.57 = 5.43.
Since Ca(OH)2 produces two OH- ions for every molecule of Ca(OH)2 that dissolves, the concentration of OH- ions will be twice the concentration of Ca(OH)2. Thus, we have [OH-] = 2x, where x represents the concentration of Ca(OH)2.
Taking the antilogarithm of the pOH, we find that [OH-] = 10^(-pOH) = 10^(-5.43).
Since [OH-] = 2x, we can write 2x = 10^(-5.43) and solve for x.
x = (10^(-5.43))/2 ≈ 1.33 x 10^(-6) M
For more such questions on Ca(OH)2
https://brainly.com/question/31035177
#SPJ8
why do smokers have a more difficult time getting rid of bronchitis
A. Their lungs shrink over time
B. They cough more than other people
C. Smoking damages the cilia in the respiratory system
D. Smokers are only able to access one lung
Answers
Answer:
C. Smoking damages the cilia in the respiratory system
Answer:
C. Smoking damages the cilia in the respiratory system.
Explanation:
Hope this helped.
100g of radioactive mass has a half life of 5 days. Calculate the mass decayed off after 15 days
Answers
Answer:
12.5 gm
Explanation:
15 days is three half lives
100 * (1/2)^3 = 12.5 grams
Select the correct proper or common name for the following: N-ethylbutanamide N-methylpropanamide N-methylethanamide methylpropanamide
Answers
The correct proper or common name for the following are: N-ethylbutanamide, N-methylpropanamide, N-methylethanamide and methylpropanamide.
N-ethylbutanamide - This is the proper name for the compound as it follows the IUPAC nomenclature rules. The common name for this compound is not commonly used.
N-methylpropanamide - This is the proper name for the compound as it follows the IUPAC nomenclature rules. The common name for this compound is not commonly used.
N-methylethanamide - This is the proper name for the compound as it follows the IUPAC nomenclature rules. The common name for this compound is N-methylacetamide.
methylpropanamide - This is the proper name for the compound as it follows the IUPAC nomenclature rules. The common name for this compound is not commonly used.
The IUPAC nomenclature rules are used to systematically name organic compounds. The proper name of a compound is determined by identifying the longest carbon chain, the functional groups present, and the substituents attached to the carbon chain. The common name of a compound is the name that is commonly used in everyday language and may not follow the IUPAC nomenclature rules.
More on naming organic compounds can be found here: https://brainly.com/question/14531837
#SPJ11
as the temperature of a gas decreases is volume
Answers
Answer:
it's volume also decrease
6. Mia and her best friend Claudia are comparing eye colors. Mia has blue eyes, and Claudia has brown eyes. What is a difference in eye color among the same species called?
A. chromosomes
B. traits
C. variation
D. mutation
Answers
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Luck
In an ecosystem, the difference in eye color among the same species is called variation.
What is an ecosystem?
Ecosystem is defined as a system which consists of all living organisms and the physical components with which the living beings interact. The abiotic and biotic components are linked to each other through nutrient cycles and flow of energy.
Energy enters the system through the process of photosynthesis .Animals play an important role in transfer of energy as they feed on each other.As a result of this transfer of matter and energy takes place through the system .Living organisms also influence the quantity of biomass present.By decomposition of dead plants and animals by microbes nutrients are released back in to the soil.There are different ecosystems present in the environment.
Learn more about ecosystem,here:
https://brainly.com/question/1061425
#SPJ5
Use the table below to answer the
following question.
Energy released by fusion of hydrogen in 1 liter of solution A [8.4 x 10^12]
Electrical energy used daily in a certain family home [3 x 10^8]
Question:
If you could generate energy by fusing the
hydrogen in solution A, how much of the
solution would you need to generate the
electrical energy used daily by a certain home?
Answer in liter(s)
(Use scientific notation. Use the multiplication symbol in the math palette as needed. Round to one decimal place as
needed.)
Answers
To determine how much of solution A would be needed to generate the electrical energy used daily in the home
we need to calculate the ratio of the energy released by fusion of hydrogen to the electrical energy used daily.
Energy ratio = Energy released by fusion of hydrogen / Electrical energy used daily
Energy ratio = (8.4 x 10^12) / (3 x 10^8)
To simplify the calculation, we can convert the values to scientific notation with the same exponent:
Energy ratio = (8.4 / 3) x (10^12 / 10^8)
Energy ratio = 2.8 x 10^4
This means that for every unit of electrical energy used daily in the home, we would need 2.8 x 10^4 units of solution A to generate that energy.
Therefore, to generate the electrical energy used daily in the home, we would need 2.8 x 10^4 liters of solution A.
To learn more about solution
https://brainly.com/question/25326161
#SPJ11
What are the three possible combinations of the two types of
proteins that can be found on a person's red blood cells?
Answers
Answer:
WHITE BLOOD SELL?
Explanation:
examples of a pure substances
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Examples of pure substances include tin, sulfur, diamond, water, pure sugar (sucrose), table salt (sodium chloride) and baking soda (sodium bicarbonate). Crystals, in general, are pure substances. Tin, sulfur, and diamond are examples of pure substances that are chemical elements.
Answer:
Examples of pure substances include tin, sulfur, diamond, water, pure sugar (sucrose), table salt (sodium chloride) and baking soda (sodium bicarbonate). Crystals, in general, are pure substances. Tin, sulfur, and diamond are examples of pure substances that are chemical elements
Explanation:
chlorofluorocarbons (cfcs) are gases that were once widely used as refrigerants and propellants. when it was discovered that these molecules contributed to the depletion of the ozone layer, their use was banned, but cfcs continue to be detected as contaminants in the environment.1 draw all of the constitutional isomers of cfcs that have the molecular formula c2cl3f3.
Answers
The molecular formula for chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) given in the question is C2Cl3F3. To draw all of the constitutional isomers of CFCs with this formula, we need to consider the different ways the atoms can be arranged.
Here are the constitutional isomers of trifluoroethane (CF3CHCl2) In this isomer, all the chlorine atoms are attached to one carbon atom, and all the fluorine atoms are attached to the other carbon atom.
1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane (CF3CHClF2) In this isomer, two chlorine atoms are attached to one carbon atom, while one chlorine atom and two fluorine atoms are attached to the other carbon atom.
To know more about chlorofluorocarbons visit :-
https://brainly.com/question/10249762
#SPJ11
an atom has 2 electrons in the first energy level, 8 electrons in the second energy level, and 1 electron in the third energy level. What is the number of core electrons
Answers
Considering the definition of electronic configuration and valence shell, the number of core electrons is 1, because the valance shell is the third energy level.
The Electronic Configuration of the elements is the arrangement of all electrons of an element in energy levels and sub-levels (orbitals).
There are 7 energy levels, numbered from 1 to 7, and in which electrons are distributed, logically in order according to their energy level. Electrons with less energy will be spinning at level 1.
Each level is divided into sub-levels. These sub-levels into which each level is divided can be up to 4. These 4 sub-levels are called: s, p, d, f.
Aufbau's principle is a principle of atomic physics, which explains how electrons are accommodated in their orbits around the nucleus of the atom.
This principle states that the filling of these orbitals occurs in increasing order of energy, that is, from the orbitals of lower energy to those of higher energy.
The simplest of the sub-levels is 1s. If you fill the 1s you can start filling the 2s. After the 2s sub-level is satisfied, the 2p can begin to fill and so on.
The valence shell is the one where the outermost electrons are found, those electrons that are in the last level. Because it is the outermost shell, it is also the farthest from the atomic nucleus.
The valence shell is one whose electrons are responsible for the chemical properties of an element.
In this case, an atom has 2 electrons in the first energy level, 8 electrons in the second energy level, and 1 electron in the third energy level. So, the number of core electrons is 1, because the valance shell is the third energy level.
Learn more:
https://brainly.com/question/25653224brainly.com/question/19710066?referrer=searchResults brainly.com/question/20985070?referrer=searchResults brainly.com/question/13980678?referrer=searchResults brainly.com/question/8140611?referrer=searchResults brainly.com/question/21267620?referrer=searchResults brainly.com/question/8001694?referrer=searchResultsConsider these steps involved in bacterial reproduction.
X: Cell wall and membrane divide and separate.
Y: Genetic material is replicated.
Z: Two independent cells form.
Which list shows the correct order of steps of when a single cell reproduces?
X → Y → Z
Z → X → Y
Y → X → Z
Y → Z → X
Answers
The steps in which a bacterial cell reproduces is Y → X → Z Option C
What is reproduction?The term reproduction refers to the process by which new organisms appear. We know that reproduction must involve the fusion of male and female gametes to yield an offspring. The fusion of the male and female gametes can be described by genetics.
Now we know that bacteria are single cell organisms and that they tend to reproduce by cell division or as-exually. This implies that the fusion of gametes do not occur here.
Hence, the correct order for the steps that are involved in the reproduction of bacterial cells are;
Genetic material is replicated.Cell wall and membrane divide and separate.Two independent cells form.Learn more about reproduction of bacterial:https://brainly.com/question/600239
#SPJ1
Answer:
C. Y X Z
Explanation:
Type the correct answer in each box.
Answers
Answer:
1 . 26
2. 55.854
Explanation:
because atomic number is the number of proton in other words smaller number and the mass number is the number of neutrons and electrons in other words bigger number .
hope this make sense :)
What is the electron configuration of titanium?
Answers
Answer:
i dont know why a, i here
Explanation:
What is the Mr of a substance where 1 mole has a mass of 11 g?
Answers
Answer:
A mole is the amount of pure substance containing the same number of chemical units as there are atoms in exactly
12 grams of carbon-12 (i.e., 6.023 X 1023).
Explanation:
how is water vapour formed??If I donot think the
answer is suitable I will give bad ratings.
Answers
Water vapor is formed through a process called evaporation.
When water is heated, the molecules gain energy and become more active. This causes some of the water molecules to escape from the liquid phase and enter the gas phase, forming water vapor.
This process occurs naturally in various bodies of water, such as oceans, lakes, and rivers, as well as in plants through a process called transpiration.
Water vapor in the atmosphere can then condense to form clouds, and when these droplets become large enough, they fall as rain.
Learn more about evaporation from this link:
https://brainly.com/question/2013258
#SPJ11
Water vapor is formed through a process called evaporation.
When water is heated, the molecules gain energy and become more active. Some of these molecules gain enough energy to break free from the liquid and escape into the air as water vapor.
This process occurs naturally in bodies of water, such as oceans, lakes, and rivers, as well as on a smaller scale, like when water evaporates from a puddle or a wet surface.
Learn more about evaporation from this link:
https://brainly.com/question/2013258
#SPJ11
PLEASEEE HELPPP!!!! AND EXPLAIN PLS
Answers
Answer: True?
Explanation: THere is no question but I do know that is true because I answers that on a test and got it right. It was asking about:
how many Helium and oxygen molecules = H2O = + O2
What is ?n for the following equation in relating Kc to Kp? Remember that you only count moles of gases when calculating ?n. C3H8(g) + 5 O2(g) ? 3 CO2(g) + 4 H2O(l)
2
-1
-3
3
1
Answers
The conversion between Kc and Kp involves a change in pressure of 1 atm.
To relate Kc to Kp for the given equation, we need to find the value of ?n, which represents the difference in the number of moles of gases on the product side and the reactant side.
In this equation, there are 2 moles of gas on the reactant side (C3H8 and 5 O2), and 3 moles of gas on the product side (3 CO2). Therefore, the value of ?n is (3 - 2) = 1.
We only consider the moles of gases because only the gases contribute to the pressure term in Kp, while the liquids and solids do not.
So, in summary, the value of ?n for the given equation is 1, which tells us that the conversion between Kc and Kp involves a change in pressure of 1 atm.
The value of ?n is an important factor in the conversion between Kc and Kp, as it represents the difference in the number of moles of gases on the product side and the reactant side of the equation. This is because the pressure term in Kp depends only on the partial pressures of the gases, while the concentration term in Kc depends on the molar concentrations of all the reactants and products. Therefore, when calculating ?n, we only count the moles of gases in the equation, as they are the only ones that contribute to the pressure term. In the given equation, there are 2 moles of gas on the reactant side (C3H8 and 5 O2) and 3 moles of gas on the product side (3 CO2), resulting in a ?n value of 1. This means that the conversion between Kc and Kp involves a change in pressure of 1 atm.
To know more about moles of gas visit: https://brainly.com/question/1400967
#SPJ11
Explain why a white precipitate is formed when silver nitrate solution is added to a solution of potassium chloride but not when silver nitrate solution is added to tetrachloromethane.
Answers
1)Precipitate is formed because silver chloride is insoluble in water.
2)When silver nitrate is added to tetrachloromethane, no reaction takes place. This is because tetrachloromethane is a non-polar solvent, and silver nitrate is an ionic compound.
When silver nitrate solution is added to a solution of potassium chloride, a white precipitate is formed, while when silver nitrate solution is added to tetrachloromethane, no precipitate is formed. This can be explained by the solubility of the substances involved.When silver nitrate is added to potassium chloride, the two substances react to form a white precipitate of silver chloride. This is because silver chloride is insoluble in water.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
AgNO3 + KCl → AgCl + KNO3
Silver chloride, being insoluble in water, precipitates out of the solution. This is why a white precipitate is formed.
When silver nitrate is added to tetrachloromethane, no reaction takes place. This is because tetrachloromethane is a non-polar solvent, and silver nitrate is an ionic compound. As a result, the two substances do not react with each other. Silver nitrate remains in solution, and no precipitate is formed.
To know more about tetrachloromethane, visit:
brainly.com/question/14661105
#SPJ11
What advantage do mineral base lubricants have over vegetable oil base lubricants when used in aircraft engines
Answers
Advantages of mineral-based lubricants:
Chemical stability is the advantage of mineral-based lubricants over vegetable oil-based lubricants when used in aircraft engines.
Lubricants used in aircraft engines:
Mineral oils are used in modern aircraft engines because they can maintain a specified viscosity over a wide range of temperatures. For instance, the capacity to function in temperatures between -10°C and 40°C is crucial for the start-up of an aircraft engine. Greater grade oils can be utilized at higher ambient and startup temperatures, but they are useless in arctic or freezing circumstances, where a synthetic multigrade would be more appropriate.
Because mineral oils are more fluid even at low temperatures, they can reach every part of an aircraft's engine far faster than vegetable oils can. As a result, the engine will start up with less wear.
Additionally, compared to vegetable oils, mineral oils can result in significant fuel savings of between 1.5 percent and 3 percent. The usage of mineral oils makes sense for operators attempting to stay competitive in the airline industry since it results in lower fuel costs as well as reduced expenses for maintenance and engine downtime due to excessive wear and extended active service life.
Learn more about lubricants here;
https://brainly.com/question/1472706
#SPJ4
Which scientist developed the planetary model that stated electrons were found in specific energy levels around the nucleus?
a. Earnest Rutherford
b. Max Planck
c. Neils Bohr
d. James Cahdwick
e. J.J. Thompson
Answers
Answer: The answer is Ernest Rutherford.
Explanation:
∆E = −33 kJ/mol Ea = 20 kJ/mol What is E a′ ?
Answer in units of kJ/mol.
Answers
The value of Ea′ is -53 kJ/mol, and it represents the energy released during the chemical reaction.
The given values ∆E = −33 kJ/mol and Ea = 20 kJ/mol represent the activation energy and the change in energy, respectively, for a chemical reaction. The activation energy, Ea, is the minimum energy required for the reaction to occur, while the change in energy, ∆E, represents the difference between the energy of the reactants and the energy of the products.
The relationship between the activation energy, Ea, and the change in energy, ∆E, can be expressed using the equation: ∆E = Ea + Ea′ where Ea′ represents the energy released during the reaction. Since the change in energy and the activation energy are given, we can rearrange the equation to solve for Ea′: Ea′ = ∆E - Ea
Substituting the given values, we get: Ea′ = −33 kJ/mol - 20 kJ/mol = -53 kJ/mol. Therefore, the value of Ea′ is -53 kJ/mol. This negative value indicates that the reaction is exothermic, meaning that it releases energy as it proceeds. The magnitude of the value (-53 kJ/mol) indicates that the energy released during the reaction is significant.
In summary, the value of Ea′ is -53 kJ/mol, and it represents the energy released during the chemical reaction. This value can be calculated using the equation Ea′ = ∆E - Ea, where ∆E is the change in energy and Ea is the activation energy.
For more such on energy visit:
https://brainly.com/question/1634438
#SPJ11
Certain gases in the atmosphere trap heat on Earth.
What is the name of this phenomenon?
cooling period
the greenhouse effect
global warming
glacial melting
if right i give brain thx and 5 star
Answers
Answer:
Greenhouse
Explanation:
kinetic energy is energy that an object possesses because of its
Answers
Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its motion. If an object is moving, then it has kinetic energy. If an object has kinetic energy, then it is moving. Many students confuse kinetic energy with potential energy.
Which compound is composed of calcium and chlorine?
CO
CaCl2
CaF2
CsF
Answers
The compound that is composed of calcium and chlorine is CaCl₂
How do I determine the compound that contains calcium and chlorine?To know which of the compound that contains calcium and chlorine, we must know the symbol of calcium and chlorine. This is shown below:
Calcium is a group 2 element with atomic number of 20 and a symbol of Ca
Chlorine is a group 17 element with atomic number of 17 and a symbol of Cl
With the above information, we can determine the compound that contains calcium and chlorine as follow:
The compound that contains calcium and chlorine must have Ca and Cl in it.
Thus, the compound that contains calcium and chlorine is CaCl₂
Learn more about composition of compound:
https://brainly.com/question/12214124
https://brainly.com/question/664620
#SPJ1