There are two unpaired electron in ground state of carbon atom whereas at higher energy level , four unpaqired electrons are present as carbon is tetravalent. These single electrons cannot pair up due to electronic repulsion and violation of Hund's rule.
What are the orbitals of carbon?The unpaired electron is the single electron which present in atomic orbitals of carbon i.e. 1s, 2s and 2p orbital.
What are the examples of carbon having unpaired electron?Carbon having unpaired electrons are exist as radicals and carbanions can be stabilized by resonance. resonance stablised system is showing the shifting of electrons, simultaneous breaking and forming of new bonds to provide a stable system.
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Materials
Crayon
Table 2. Investigating crayons and candle when heated
Property before
heating
Property after heating
Answer:
1 - Crayon
Before heating is solid
After heating is liquid
2 - Candle
Before heating is solid
After heating is liquid
Explanation:
Crayon when heated become liquid at a temperature of 115 degrees Fahrenheit or above. When the temperature reached to 120 degrees Fahrenheit for crayon it melts down completely.
When Candle is heated it melts and liquid form of wax falls off which again becomes solid in second after reaching the floor. The melting point of candle is 130 degree Fahrenheit or above.
Which statement correctly describes how hydrolysis causes chemical weathering? (1 point)
O Water reacts with minerals in rocks to produce carbonic acid, weakening the rock.
O Water reacts with carbon dioxide to produce clay, weakening the rock.
O Water reacts with minerals in rocks to produce clay, weakening the rock.
O Water reacts with carbon dioxide to produce carbonic acid, weakening the rock.
The term chemical weathering is said to occur when water reacts with carbon dioxide to produce carbonic acid, weakening the rock.
What is weathering?The term weathering has to do with the breaking down of the rock. Now we know that rocks are defined as the solid part of the earth's crust. We can find the rocks either at the surface or under the earth.
The process of the breakdown of the rocks can be initiated by many processes and one of the processes is by the break down of the rock by the hydrolysis of the minerals that can be found in the rock. This owes to the formation of acid in the rocks.
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Determine the grams of sodium chloride produced when 10.0 g of sodium react with 10 g of chlorine gas according to the equation
2na + cl2 = 2nacl
When 10.0 g of sodium react with 10 g of chlorine gas according to the equation, the mass of sodium chloride produced is 25.4 g.
Mass of sodium chloride producedThe mass of sodium chloride produced in the given reaction is calculated as follows;
2Na + Cl2 = 2Nacl
In the reaction above;
2(23 gram of sodium) -------------------- 2(58.44 g of sodium chloride)
10 g of sodium -------------------------- ? mass of sodium chloride
46 g of Na ----------------------------116.88 g of NaCl
10 g of Na ---------------------------- ? NaCl
= (10 x 116.88)/46
= 25.4 g
Thus, when 10.0 g of sodium react with 10 g of chlorine gas according to the equation, the mass of sodium chloride produced is 25.4 g.
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A student is given an object and is asked to identify its density. The object has a volume of 3 cubic centimeters and a mass of 6 grams. Which of the following equations correctly sets up the formula for density?
Density =mass/volume
=6/3
=2
Laura has three beakers. Each contains 200 cm³ of a colourless liquid. Describe how Laura could find out which beakers contain pure water, and which contain solutions. Explain your answer.
Laura could use a few different methods to determine which beakers contain pure water and which contain solutions. One method is to test the boiling point of each liquid. Pure water boils at 100 degrees Celsius at standard pressure. If the liquid in a beaker boils at a temperature higher than 100 degrees Celsius, it is likely a solution and not pure water. Another method is to test the freezing point of each liquid. Pure water freezes at 0 degrees Celsius at standard pressure. If the liquid in a beaker freezes at a temperature other than 0 degrees Celsius, it is likely a solution and not pure water.
Another method is through density test. Pure water has a density of 1g/cm³ at 4°C. Laura can use a hydrometer, which is an instrument that measures the density of a liquid to check if the density of the liquids in the beakers is equal to 1g/cm³. If it is not, then it is not pure water.
Additionally, Laura could also test the conductivity of the liquids. Pure water is a poor conductor of electricity, whereas solutions can conduct electricity. Laura could use a conductivity meter to check the conductivity of the liquids. If a liquid conducts electricity, then it is likely a solution and not pure water.
Finally, Laura could also use a refractometer, which measures the refractive index of the liquid. The refractive index of pure water is 1.333 and any deviation from this value indicates the presence of dissolved solutes.
It's important to notice that no single test can confirm that a liquid is pure water, but a combination of tests can give us a strong indication of it.
A force caused by objects moving in opposite directions called
Answer: Balanced forces
Explanation: Equal forces acting in opposite directions are called balanced forces. Balanced forces acting on an object will not change the object's motion.
The overall reaction taking place is shown in the equation below
2NaCl --> 2Na + Cl2
When carrying out the reaction 120Kg of sodium chloride was found to produce 38.05 Kg sodium.
Calculate the maximum possible mass of sodium that could be produced and use this figure to calculate the percent yield of this reaction
A. The maximum possible mass of sodium that can be produced is 47.18 Kg
B. The percentage yield of the reaction is 80.6%
Determination of the mass of NaCl and NaWe'll begin by calculating the mass of NaCl that reacted and the mass of Na obtained from the balanced equation.
2NaCl –> 2Na + Cl₂
Molar mass NaCl = 23 + 35.5 = 58.5 g/mol
Mass of NaCl from the balanced equation = 2 × 58.5 = 117 g = 117 / 1000 = 0.117 Kg
Molar mass of Na = 23 g/mol
Mass of Na from the balanced equation = 2 × 23 = 46 g = 46 / 1000 = 0.046 Kg
SUMMARY
From the balanced equation above,
0.117 Kg of NaCl reacted to produce 0.046 Kg of Na.
A. How to determine mass of Na producedFrom the balanced equation above,
0.117 Kg of NaCl reacted to produce 0.046 Kg of Na.
Therefore,
120 Kg of NaCl will react to produce = (120 × 0.046) / 0.117 = 47.18 Kg of Na
Thus, the maximum mass of Na produced is 47.18 Kg.
B. How to determine the percentage yield Actual yield = 38.05 KgTheoretical yield = 47.18 KgPercentage yield =?Percentage yield = (Actual / Theoretical) × 100
Percentage yield = (38.05 / 47.18) × 100
Percentage yield = 80.6%
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Which best describes why carbocation formation is the rate determining step of a unimolecular substitution reaction? A. The ABC step is slow. B. The nucelophile is too weak to attack without a carbocation present. C. The carbocation formed is unstable and high in energy. D. Carbocation formation is reversible so it doesn't readily occur. E. The solvent is acting as the nucleophile.
The correct answer is C. In a unimolecular substitution reaction, the rate determining step is typically the formation of a carbocation intermediate.
This is because the carbocation is a high-energy, unstable species, and the process of forming a carbocation requires a significant amount of energy. Once the carbocation has formed, the reaction can proceed quickly through attack by a nucleophile. Additionally, the formation of a carbocation is irreversible under typical reaction conditions, so it does not readily undergo back reaction.
The other answer choices are not correct: A refers to a different type of reaction mechanism, B is not typically observed in unimolecular substitution reactions, D is incorrect because carbocation formation is not reversible, and E is also not typically observed in unimolecular substitution reactions.
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Which type of burn injury can convert to a deeper injury due to tissue hypoxia?
Answer:
Deep partial-thickness wounds
what does combustion mean
Answer:
combustion is a high-temperature exothermic redox chemical reaction between a fuel and an oxidant, usually atmospheric oxygen, that produces oxidized, often gaseous products, in a mixture termed as smoke.
Given: 27.375 g HNO₃ and 47.0 g Sr(OH)₂ and total volume of 1.2 L
Reaction: 2HNO₃ (aq) + Sr(OH)₂ (aq) ⇒ Sr(NO₃)₂ (aq) + 2HOH (l)
Net ionic equation: 2H⁺ (aq) + 2OH⁻ (aq) ⇒ 2HOH (l)
Find the final concentration of OH⁻ ions.
The final concentration of the hydroxide ions is 0.163 M.
What is the final concentration of OH⁻ ions?We have to obtain the number of moles of each of the reactants. This would help us to be able to obtain the final concentration of the hydroxide ions.
Number of moles of the acid = 27.375 g/63 g/mol
= 0.43 moles
Number of moles of strontium hydroxide = 47.0 g/122 g/mol
= 0.39 moles
It is clear that the hydroxide is the limiting reactant
Number of moles of the hydroxide ion = 0.39 moles/2 = 0.195 moles
Volume of the solution = 1.2 L
Concentration of the solution = Number of moles/ volume
= 0.195 moles/ 1.2 L
= 0.163 M
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Answer the questions at the bottom please chemistry
Answer:
At room temperature Na is solid. At room temperature chlorine is a gas.
Explanation:
Sodium is an alkali metals, and all alkali metals are solid at room temperature. Chlorine is a noble gas, and all noble gases are gases at room temperature.
Calculate the volume of a cube
having sides 3.0 cm in length.
[ ? ]ıcm3
Answer: 27
Explanation: multiply 3.0 3 times
40 cm3 of acid were mixed with 60 cm3 of alkali in an insulated container. The average temperature of the two solutions before they were mixed was 19.5°C. The temperature after mixing was 27.5°C. Was this an exothermic or an endothermic reaction?
This was an exothermic reaction, as the temperature increased from 19.5°C to 27.5°C after mixing.
Exothermic reactionAn exothermic reaction is a chemical reaction that releases energy in the form of heat. This energy is released because the reactants have a higher energy content than the products.
As the reaction proceeds, the energy difference between the reactants and products is released as heat.
Examples of exothermic reactions include combustion, burning, oxidation, and some types of chemical reactions.
These reactions can be spontaneous, meaning they occur without any outside energy input.
Exothermic reactions are important in many fields, such as energy production and manufacturing, since they can provide a useful source of energy.
This indicates that energy was released as the two solutions mixed, resulting in an increase in temperature.
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Which stars have the highest absolute brightness?
The HR diagram is shown with Absolute Brightness on the y axis from negative four to six and Surface Temperature on the x axis from 40,000 to 2,500 degrees Celsius. There are several dots plotted between four and six absolute brightness and 10,000 to 2,500 degrees Celsius labeled Supergiants. There are several dots plotted between 1.5 and three absolute brightness and 7,500 to 2,500 degrees Celsius labeled Giants. There are several dots plotted between negative four and negative two absolute brightness and 30,000 to 7,500 degrees Celsius labeled Dwarfs. Down the middle, there are several dots plotted diagonally from ordered pair 40,000 and five down to 2,500 and negative three labeled Main Sequence.
Supergiants
Giants
Yellow stars
Dwarfs
Answer:Super-giants
Explanation:
Which of the following hydrocarbons has the highest boiling point? C2H2 C2H4 C2H6 a. The three hydrocarbons have the same boiling point b. C2H2 c. C2H6 d. C2H4
The hydrocarbon with the highest boiling point among the following hydrocarbons is C2H6, which is option c.
Explanation: Boiling points are an important property of organic compounds that is related to their molecular structure and, in particular, their molecular weight and intermolecular forces of attraction. As the number of carbon atoms in an alkane increases, its boiling point generally increases because the larger the molecule, the stronger its van der Waals dispersion forces are, and the more energy is needed to break the bonds holding the molecules together.
Furthermore, the straighter the chain, the greater the surface area over which the molecules can interact, increasing the magnitude of the intermolecular forces.C2H2 is ethyne, an alkyne compound that contains a triple bond between two carbon atoms. The boiling point of ethyne is -84.0 °C, which is lower than that of C2H4 and C2H6.C2H4, ethene, is an alkene, and it has a boiling point of -103.7 °C.C2H6, ethane, is an alkane compound that has a boiling point of -88.6 °C.
Ethane has the highest boiling point of the three hydrocarbons mentioned, making option c the correct choice.
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Can someone define these for me
Answer:
These are all in order....
Explanation:
- closed system usually absorbs thermal energy from its surroundings, which is heat transfer into the system
- a solute is a substance dissolved in another substance, known as a solvent
- A solvent is a substance that dissolves a solute, resulting in a solution. A solvent is usually a liquid but can also be a solid, a gas, or a supercritical fluid
- a liquid mixture in which the minor component (the solute) is uniformly distributed within the major component (the solvent)
- a nuclear reaction in which a heavy nucleus splits spontaneously or on impact with another particle, with the release of energy
- a nuclear reaction in which atomic nuclei of low atomic number fuse to form a heavier nucleus with the release of energy.
- Half-life is the time required for a quantity to reduce to half of its initial value
- the determination of the age or date of organic matter from the relative proportions of the carbon isotopes carbon-12 and carbon-14 that it contains. The ratio between them changes as radioactive carbon-14 decays and is not replaced by exchange with the atmosphere.
- any system closed to all transfers of matter and energy, the mass of the system must remain constant over time, as the system's mass cannot change, so quantity can neither be added nor be removed
What is the difference of 5 1/4 and 1 3/4
How did Wegener use similar mountain ranges and areas made of certain types of rock found in Africa and South American as evidence that these 2 continents were once connected?
Answer:
the Germany scientist Alfred Wagner describes fold mountains that are found in The world are the same also geological similarity that occur between this continent are the same for example the rock that are found in brazil are the same of that of south africa.
If a student used an analogy of her stacking books in her locker , which law of relative dating is she referring to?
She is referring to the law of superposition
What is the law of superposition in relative dating?The law of superposition is a principle in relative dating that states that in a sequence of undisturbed sedimentary rocks or strata, the oldest layer is at the bottom, and the youngest layer is at the top. This principle is based on the observation that sedimentary rocks are typically formed in horizontal layers, with each layer being deposited on top of the previous layer.
The law of superposition is one of the fundamental principles of stratigraphy, which is the study of the Earth's layers and their relationships to each other. By using this principle, geologists can determine the relative ages of rocks and fossils, even if they have been displaced or eroded.
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A sample of unknown pressure occupies 0. 776L at a temperature of 298K. The sample of gas is then tested under known
conditions and has a pressure of 32. 6 kPa and occupies 0. 664L at 303K. What was the original pressure of the gas?
A. 27. 43 kPa
B. 38. 62 kPa
C. 58. 73 kPa
D. 84. 11 kPa
Answer: A. 27.43 kPa
Explanation:
Use the formula: PV/T = PV/T →
P(.776) / (298) = (32.6)(.664) / (303) →
.0026P = .07144 →
P = 27.43 kPa :)
can someone please help me with this? i already asked but it got deleted. PLEASSEEEE ?.
Answer:
Explanation:
7.) C
12.)N
13.) P
14.) L
16.)L
18.)N
19.)C
20.) L
how can you blance it and make it equal on both sides
2H2+o2=2H2o blance it
Answer:
it have been already balanced
2H2 + O2 = 2H2O.
15g of sugar and 10g of water are measured separately. The sugar is dissolved in the water. What will
the mass of the solution be?
Answer: a) No, both are different.
b) Ramesh- 9.9%
Sarika - 10%
Explanation:
According to the solution prepared by Ramesh,
Mass of sugar he took (Solute) = 10 g
Mass of water he took (Solvent) = 100 g
Thus Mass % of the solution =
According to the solution prepared by Sarika,
Mass of sugar she took (Solute) = 10 g
Mass of Solution she took = 100 g
Thus Mass % of the solution =
Explanation:
What are five different types of air pollutant each
How many moles of BF3 are needed to produce 48.35 moles of NaF
1 mole of BF3 is needed to produce 48.35 moles of NaF.
Explain the boron trifluoride gas?The inorganic chemical with the formula BF3 is boron trifluoride. In damp air, this noxious, colourless gas produces white vapours. It serves as a practical Lewis acid and a flexible boron compound building block.A colourless gas known as boron trifluoride has been characterised as having a "quite nice acidic" smell as well as a powerful and stifling smell (Budavari et al., 1996). (Torkelson et al. 1961).The delocalization increases the stability of the BF3 molecule by reducing the electron deficit on boron. Back bonding does not take place in BH3 because H does not have a lone pair of electrons. In other words, boron's electron shortage persists and BH3 is not present.Given data :
The molecule of boron trifluoride is 1.5×1016 molecules
moles of NaF = 0.023816230233136
48 NaF = 1.15x10^16 molecules
So, 1 mole of BF3 is needed to produce 48.35 moles of NaF.
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The foreign substance responsible for causing an allergic reaction is called a(n):______.
The foreign substance responsible for causing an allergic reaction is called an allergen.
The exaggerated reaction of our body’s immune system to certain foreign substances is known as an allergy.
The symptoms of allergy are sneezing, watery eyes, running nose, and difficulty in breathing which occur due to the release of certain chemicals like histamine and serotonin in our body.
The foreign substance that causes allergy is called an allergen.
Common examples of the allergens are pollen grains of certain plants, animal dander, and food items like peanuts, mushrooms etc.
To control the symptoms of allergy, drugs like antihistamines and steroids are used.
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Which element could provide one atom to make an ionic bond with calcium
The atomic number of oxygen is 8. What is the mass number of a oxygen atom with 7 neutrons?.
The atomic number of oxygen is 8. The mass number of an oxygen atom with 7 neutrons is 15.
What is atomic mass?Atomic mass is the average mass of the atom. It is measured in atomic mass units, that is Dalton. The mass number is calculated by the number of neutrons and atomic number.
The atomic number is the number of protons present in the atoms. The atomic number of oxygen is 8
The mass number can be calculated by adding those units
atomic number + number of neutrons
Mass number = 8 + 7 = 15
Thus, the mass number of an oxygen atom with 7 neutrons is 15.
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Electronegativity patterns