calculate the total quantity of heat evolved when 10.0g of steam at 200 C is condensed, cooled, and frozen
Answers
Total quantity of heat evolved = Heat evolved during condensation + Heat evolved during cooling + Heat evolved during freezing.
Total heat evolved ≈ 22.59 kJ + 4.180 kJ + 3.33 kJ= 30.1kJ
To calculate the total quantity of heat evolved when steam is condensed, cooled, and frozen.
First, the steam needs to be condensed into water. The heat evolved during condensation is given by the heat of vaporization (ΔHvap) of water. For water, the heat of vaporization is typically around 40.7 kJ/mol.
1. Calculate the moles of steam:
Given mass of steam = 10.0 g
Molar mass of water = 18.015 g/mol
Number of moles of steam = mass/molar mass = 10.0 g / 18.015 g/mol ≈ 0.555 mol
2. Calculate the heat evolved during condensation:
Heat evolved = moles of steam * ΔHvap
Heat evolved = 0.555 mol * 40.7 kJ/mol ≈ 22.59 kJ
After condensation, the water needs to be cooled from 100°C to 0°C. The heat evolved during this cooling process is given by the specific heat capacity (c) of water. The specific heat capacity of water is approximately 4.18 J/g°C.
3. Calculate the heat evolved during cooling:
Given temperature change = 100°C - 0°C = 100°C
Heat evolved = mass of water * specific heat capacity * temperature change
Heat evolved = 10.0 g * 4.18 J/g°C * 100°C ≈ 4180 J
Finally, the water needs to be frozen into ice. The heat evolved during freezing is given by the heat of fusion (ΔHfus) of water. For water, the heat of fusion is typically around 6.01 kJ/mol.
4. Calculate the moles of water:
Number of moles of water = mass/molar mass = 10.0 g / 18.015 g/mol ≈ 0.555 mol
5. Calculate the heat evolved during freezing:
Heat evolved = moles of water * ΔHfus
Heat evolved = 0.555 mol * 6.01 kJ/mol ≈ 3.33 kJ
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Related Questions
two metals of equal mass but with differing specific heat capacities are subjected to the same amount of heat. which metal will undergo the smallest change in temperature if neither metal changes phase?
Answers
The metal having the greater capacity for specific heat. A metal with a higher heat capacity will take more energy to raise its temperature by one temperature unit.
Can the amount of heat in two things made of the same material at the same temperature differ?As a result, the heat capacity of two objects constructed of the same material but of different masses will vary. This is so because while specific heat is a property of every object constructed of the same material, heat capacity is a property of an object.
Which metal will see the smallest temperature increase?The metal with the highest specific heat will see the smallest temperature change.
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Describe two carbon sequestering methods that could reduce the impact of deforestation
Answers
The two carbon-sequestering methods that could reduce the impact of deforestation are afforestation and agriculture.
Carbon sequestering
It is a process of capturing and storing the carbon dioxide gas of an atmosphere on a large scale.This is done to prevent adverse global climatic conditionsThe methods which can reduce the impact of deforestation are afforestation, wetlands, fertilizing ocean surfaces, agriculture, etc.Afforestation
Planting trees in the nonforest region or planting trees in the deforested region.By this more and more carbon dioxide gas will be absorbed by the tress from the atmosphere via photosynthesis and that will get involve in the carbon cycle.Help in re-establishing an ecosystem in the region and prevent soil erosion.Agriculture
Growing and planting crops which maintain carbon level of the soil, And along with absorbs carbon dioxide gas from the atmosphere. Will increase the concentration of oxygen gas in the atmosphere leading to prevent air pollution.Learn more about carbon sequestering here:
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mmonia chemically reacts with oxygen gas to produce nitric oxide and water . what mass of water is produced by the reaction of of oxygen gas? round your answer to significant digits.
Answers
The chemical equation represents the reaction describes is;4NH3 + 5O2 = 4NO + 6H2O, 4 moles of NH3 = 4 (14 + 3*1) = 68g, Therefore, 68g of NH3 reacts with 160g of O2.But, we have only 4.5 g of oxygen.68g reacts with 160g,Xg reacts with 4.5, X = 68*4.5 / 160 = 1.9125g.
What type of reaction is an example of ammonia and oxygen?Ammonia's hydrogen is replaced by oxygen.This is a replacement reaction as a result.With the presence of oxygen, ammonia's nitrogen is being oxidized.This is another illustration of a redox process.
How can the mass generated in a reaction be found?For the chemical reaction, the chemical equation must be balanced. Create moles using the information provided.To calculate how much product is produced from each particular reactant, use stoichiometry.The limiting reagent is the one that yields the least amount of the final product.
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The diagram shows a chromatogram for a food colouring.
How does the chromatogram show that the food colouring is a mixture
Answers
As the chromatogram has two spots, therefore, the food coloring is a mixture.
What is a chromatogram?A chromatogram can be described as the output of a chromatography run. Thin-layer chromatography can be described as a chromatography technique utilized to separate non-volatile mixtures.
Thin-layer chromatography can be performed on a sheet of an inert substrate such as plastic, or aluminum foil, which is coated with a thin adsorbent material, usually silica gel, alumina, or cellulose. This layer of adsorbent is known as the stationary phase.
After the sample has been placed on the plate, a solvent mixture is drawn up the plate via capillary action. The goal of this chromatography is to obtain well-defined, well-separated spots.
Only one spot is obtained on the chromatogram if the compound is pure. If there are two or more spots it means the compound is impure or a mixture.
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identify the conditions for a standard electrochemical cell. select one or more: pressure of 1 atm temperature of 298 k solution concentrations of 1 m pressure of 5 atm solute masses of 1 g temperature of 273 k
Answers
The conditions for a standard electrochemical cell. select one or more : pressure of 1 atm temperature of 298 k solution concentrations of 1 M.
The electrochemical cell is the cell that is capable of generating the electrical energy from the chemical reactions or by the use of the electrical energy to cause the chemical reaction. The conditions for a standard electrochemical cell. select one or more : pressure of 1 atm temperature of 298 k solution concentrations of 1 M.
There are the two types of the electrochemical cells is as follows : the galvanic called the electrolytic cells. the galvanic cell is also called as the voltaic cell.
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PLS HELP I WILL GIVE BRAINLIST.
Mercury has a density of 13.6 g/cm³. Which of these materials will float in mercury? Check all that apply.
iron, density: 7.8 g/cm³
aluminum, density: 2.7 g/cm³
silver, density: 10.5 g/cm³
gold, density: 19.3 g/cm³
uranium, density: 18.7 g/cm³
lead, density: 11.3 g/cm³
Answers
Answer:gold iron and uranium
Explanation:
Answer:
iron, density: 7.8 g/cm³
aluminum, density: 2.7 g/cm³
silver, density: 10.5 g/cm³
lead, density: 11.3 g/cm³
Explanation:
other ones wrong
If the prefix hydro were used to name a ternary acid, what problem would this create when naming chloric acid
Answers
Hydrochloric acid is a different kind of acid than chloric acid.
Ternary Acids (Oxy-acids) Ternary acids are also referred to as “Oxy-acids. Include hydrogen and oxygen and yet another (normally) nonmetallic detail. Those acids comprise each hydrogen and oxygen but their names make no reference to either hydrogen or oxygen.
A ternary acid is an acid that has the elements hydrogen and oxygen together with every other element, frequently a nonmetal. Or, they comprise hydrogen in addition to a polyatomic ion. An -ate complicated ion is named an -ic acid. as an example, HClO3(aq) consists of the chlorate ion and is known as chloric acid.
A binary acid is an acidic compound that always has hydrogen boned to every other chemical element, most of the time a nonmetal. Ternary acids are acidic compounds that comprise hydrogen and oxygen blended with some other detail. Binary acid has one style of a chemical element (hydrogen bonded to a nonmetal) .
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1.
PART A: In paragraph 2, what does the phrase "miners of all shapes and sizes" mean? [R14]
A Many people were invited.
B. People with supplies traveled to the Yukon.
C. People experienced discrimination.
D. Many types of people traveled to the Yukon.
Answers
Answer:
A.
Explanation:
Miners were happy due to the result of the gold rush. they labored very hard for very little profit. Working in the Yukon Territory was not safe. To reach it, the ground had to be dug. Then the dirt had to be removed to get the gold.
In paragraph 2, what does the phrase "miners of all shapes and sizes" mean that many people were invited. This included food, clothing, transportation equipment, etc.
imagine you are frosting a cake apply pascal's law to using the bag of frosting what would happen when you squeeze the bag
Answers
Contaminants such as fertilizers, pesticides, and animal waste being released into nearby air and water can cause ___
A:Water pollution
B: Dead zones
C: Human health issues
D: All of the above
Answers
Answer:
The answer is D all of the above
Explanation:
Chromatography: A method used to separate components of a mixture. Rf: A value that quantifies the distance traveled by a substance relative to the distance traveled by the solvent. Identify the effect of each error during a thin layer chromatography experiment.
Answers
During a thin layer chromatography experiment, there are several errors that could occur, and each error can have a different effect on the outcome.
Here are some examples:
1. Overloading the plate: If too much sample is applied to the plate, the components may overlap, making it difficult to distinguish between them. This can also cause the spots to be too large and diffuse, making it harder to measure Rf accurately.
2. Uneven spotting: If the sample is not applied evenly to the plate, the resulting spots may be irregular in shape or size, which can make it harder to measure Rf accurately.
3. Incomplete development: If the plate is not developed for long enough, some of the components may not be fully separated from each other, leading to overlapping spots or poor resolution.
4. Poor solvent choice: If the solvent used for the experiment is not appropriate for the components being analyzed, some of the components may not move at all or may move too quickly, leading to inaccurate Rf values.
5. Plate damage: If the TLC plate is scratched or damaged in any way, the spots may be distorted or spread out, making it harder to measure Rf accurately.
Overall, any error during a thin layer chromatography experiment can have a significant impact on the accuracy and reliability of the results. It is important to be careful and precise throughout the entire process in order to obtain the most useful data possible.
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What is the difference between an exoplanet and a pulsar
Answers
Answer:
exoplanet: a planet that orbits a star outside the solar system.
pulsar: a celestial source of pulsating electromagnetic radiation (such as radio waves)
Explanation:
exoplanet: a planet that orbits a star outside the solar system.
pulsar: a celestial source of pulsating electromagnetic radiation (such as radio waves)
Fill in the blank: a refrigerator has a coefficient of performance of 4. if the refrigerator absorbs 30 cal of heat from the cold reservoir in each cycle, the heat expelled (in cal) into the heat reservoir is
Answers
To determine the heat expelled into the heat reservoir by the refrigerator, we can use the coefficient of performance (COP) and the amount of heat absorbed from the cold reservoir.
The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio of heat extracted from the cold reservoir to the work done on the refrigerator. In this case, the COP is given as 4.
COP = Heat extracted from cold reservoir / Work done on the refrigerator
Since the work done on the refrigerator is not provided in the question, we cannot directly calculate the heat expelled into the heat reservoir. However, we can use the COP to infer the relationship between the heat extracted and the heat expelled.
COP = Heat extracted from cold reservoir / Heat expelled into heat reservoir
By rearranging the equation, we can solve for the heat expelled into the heat reservoir:
Heat expelled into heat reservoir = (Heat extracted from cold reservoir) / COP Plugging in the given values:
Heat expelled into heat reservoir = 30 cal / 4
Heat expelled into heat reservoir = 7.5 cal
Therefore, the heat expelled into the heat reservoir by the refrigerator is 7.5 cal.
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what are organisms competing for in the environment?
Answers
Answer:
survival
Explanation:
Organisms actually compete for food , water and slot but all this things lead to survival . so organisms are actually competing for survival
oxygen has an atomic number of 8 and, most commonly, a mass number of 16. thus, what is the atomic mass of an oxygen atom? oxygen has an atomic number of 8 and, most commonly, a mass number of 16. thus, what is the atomic mass of an oxygen atom? approximately 8 daltons approximately 8 grams approximately 16 daltons approximately 16 grams
Answers
While the atomic mass of oxygen is approximately 16 daltons, its mass in grams would be a different value due to the conversion between daltons and grams using Avogadro's constant.
The atomic mass of an oxygen atom is approximately 16 daltons. Dalton, also known as atomic mass unit (amu), is a unit used to express the atomic and molecular weights of elements and compounds. The atomic mass of an element is determined by the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of its atoms.
In the case of oxygen, it has an atomic number of 8, which indicates that it has 8 protons in its nucleus. The most common isotope of oxygen has a mass number of 16, meaning it has 8 protons and 8 neutrons. Since the mass of a proton and neutron is approximately 1 dalton, the total atomic mass of an oxygen atom with 8 protons and 8 neutrons is approximately 16 daltons.
It is important to note that the atomic mass is not directly equivalent to grams. The atomic mass is a relative scale based on the carbon-12 isotope, where carbon-12 is assigned a mass of exactly 12 daltons.
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Consider an element X that has two naturally occurring isotopes with the following percent abundances: the first isotope has a mass number of 84.912 and is 72.17% abundant; the second isotope has a mass number of 86.909 and is 27.83% abundant. What is the average atomic mass for element X?
Answers
Help! Help ASAP!
Using bonding principles, describe why AlCl3 forms an ionic bond
Answers
Simple
Look at Electronic configuration of Al
[Ne]3s²3p¹It has valency as 3
So it can make 3 bonds
Chlorine has well known valency 1So
Aluminium does bonding with 3 chlorine atoms
There is another reason
That's electronegativity
Chlorine is most electronegative elementAluminium has low electronegativityAs difference in electronegativity is higher they forms ionic bond
If you performed the Kastle-Meyer test on potatoes, beets or horseradish, you would also get a positive pink reaction, although no blood is present. How would you account for these vegetables producing a positive reaction when no blood is present
Answers
The Kastle-Meyer test is a presumptive test for blood, which uses the enzyme peroxidase to catalyze a reaction between hydrogen peroxide and a substrate called phenolphthalein, producing a pink colour.
The Kastle-Meyer test is based on the presence of peroxidase enzymes found in many plants, including potatoes, beets, and horseradish. These enzymes catalyze the oxidation of phenolphthalein, the indicator used in the Kastle-Meyer test, producing pink colour.
This is why these vegetables can produce a positive reaction even though no blood is present. It is important to note that this test is not specific for blood and should not be used as the sole evidence for the presence of blood in a sample.
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find moles of fe from 392.2 g of fe(nh4)2(so4)2
Answers
Answer:
1.381 moles Fe
Explanation:
To find moles of Fe, you need to (1) convert grams Fe(NH₄)₂(SO₄)₂ to moles (using the molar mass) and then (2) convert moles Fe(NH₄)₂(SO₄)₂ to moles Fe (using the mole-to-mole ratio within the molecule). It is important to arrange the conversions in a way that allows for the cancellation of units. The final answer should have 4 sig figs like the given value (392.2 = 4 sig figs).
Atomic Mass (Fe): 55.845 g/mol
Atomic Mass (N): 14.007 g/mol
Atomic Mass (H): 1.008 g/mol
Atomic Mass (S): 32.065 g/mol
Atomic Mass (O): 15.999 g/mol
Molar Mass (Fe(NH₄)₂(SO₄)₂):
55.845 g/mol + 2(14.007 g/mol) + 8(1.008 g/mol) + 2(32.065 g/mol) + 8(15.999 g/mol) = 284.045 g/mol
1 mole Fe(NH₄)₂(SO₄)₂ = 1 mole Fe, 2 moles N, 8 moles H, 2 moles S, 8 moles O
392.2 g Fe(NH₄)₂(SO₄)₂ 1 mole 1 mole Fe
----------------------------------- x ------------------- x ---------------------------------- =
284.045 g 1 mole Fe(NH₄)₂(SO₄)₂
= 1.381 moles Fe
solid zinc and aqueous copper(ii) sulfate explain assumptions
Answers
When solid zinc is placed into aqueous copper(ii) sulfate, a single replacement reaction occurs. This reaction can be represented by the following chemical equation: Zn(s) + CuSO4(aq) → Cu(s) + ZnSO4(aq)
In this reaction, the zinc atoms in the solid zinc strip react with the copper(ii) ions in the aqueous copper(ii) sulfate solution. The zinc atoms lose electrons and are oxidized to form zinc ions (Zn2+), while the copper(ii) ions gain electrons and are reduced to form solid copper (Cu). The resulting product of the reaction is zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) in aqueous solution.
This reaction assumes that the copper(ii) sulfate solution is aqueous and that the zinc strip is solid. It also assumes that the reaction takes place at standard temperature and pressure.
Additionally, this reaction assumes that the zinc strip and copper(ii) sulfate solution are in contact with each other, allowing for the exchange of electrons to occur.
In summary, the reaction between solid zinc and aqueous copper(ii) sulfate is a single replacement reaction that results in the formation of solid copper and aqueous zinc sulfate. This reaction is governed by the principles of oxidation-reduction reactions and is dependent on the assumptions that the copper(ii) sulfate solution is aqueous, the zinc strip is solid, and the reaction takes place at standard temperature and pressure.
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reasons why water is a good cooling agent in machines
Answers
Answer:
one reason is, Water is a very good liquid for cooling things down, for one thing there is plenty of it and it has also got a high specific heat capacity. This means that it can absorb a large amount of heat energy without getting too hot.
will not heat up or cool down very fast
Water has a high value of latent heat of vapourization so it has cooling properties.
hope this helps you. :)
Explanation:
plsss helpppp
im confused i dont know the answer
pls
Answers
N and C
_____________________________________WHY OPTION A?Because Lithium and Sodium belong to group 1A whereas Magnesium is from group 2A, which are S block elements and they form ionic bond.
_____________________________________HOPE IT HELPS!Answer:
N and C
Explanation:
Os the right answer
Type the correct answer in the box.
Calculate the density of the substance.
A sample of a substance has a mass of 4.2 grams and a volume of 6 milliliters. The density of this substance is
grams/milliliter.
Answers
The density of the substance that has a mass of 4.2 grams and a volume of 6 milliliters is 0.7g/mL.
How to calculate density?The density of a substance is a measure of the mass of matter contained by a unit volume.
The density of a substance can be calculated by dividing the mass of the substance by its volume.
According to this question, a sample of a substance has a mass of 4.2 grams and a volume of 6 milliliters. The density can be calculated thus;
Density = 4.2g ÷ 6mL
Density = 0.7g/mL
Therefore, the density of the substance that has a mass of 4.2 grams and a volume of 6 milliliters is 0.7g/mL.
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1. lead has an average atomic mass of 207.19 amu. the three major isotopes of lead are pb-206 (205.98 amu); pb-207 (206.98 amu); and pb-208 (207.98 amu). if the isotopes of pb-207 and pb-208 are present in equal amounts, calculate the percent abundance of pb-206, pb-207, pb-208.
Answers
Percent abundance of the three major isotopes of lead are Pb-206: 19.34%, Pb-207: 40.33% ,Pb-208: 40.33%
What is an isotope ?Isotopes are atoms that have the same number of protons but differing numbers of neutrons. They have nearly identical chemical properties but differ in mass and thus in physical qualities.If w(Pb-207) = w(Pb-208) = x (equal amounts),
then:
w(Pb-206) = 1 - w(Pb-207) - w(Pb-208) = 1 - x - x = 1-2x.
i.e.
[w(Pb-206) × Isotopic mass of Pb-206] + [w(Pb-207) × Isotopic mass of Pb-207] + [w(Pb-208) × Isotopic mass of Pb-208] = Average atomic mass of Pb
(1-2x)(205.98) + (x)(206.98) + (x)(207.98) = 207.19
205.98 - 411.96x + 206.98x + 207.98x = 207.19
3x = 1.21
x = 0.4033
w(Pb-207) = w(Pb-208) = x = 0.4033 or 40.33%
w(Pb-206) = 1-2x = 1 - 2×0.4033 = 0.1934 or 19.34%
Pb-206: 19.34%
Pb-207: 40.33%
Pb-208: 40.33%
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Electric field lines /Conductor/ Electroscope/ Insulator Elementary charge/ Electric field/ Charging by conduction/ Charging by induction/ Potential difference
1. Separation of charges in an object without touching it is____________.
2. The work done moving a positive test charge between two points in an electric field divided by the magnitude of the test charge is the electric _________.
3. An electric __________ is a material through which charges move about easily. ___________ is giving a neutral object a charge by touching it with a charged object.
4. A material through which electrical charges does not move easily is an electrical _____.
5. The lines providing a picture of the size and strength of the field around a charged object are called the ________.
6. The property of the space around a charged object that exerts a force on other charged objects is the ______.
7. A device that helps determine charge using pieces of metal foil is a(n) _______.
8. The magnitude of the charge of an electron is the ________.
Answers
Answer: See explanation
Explanation:
1. Separation of charges in an object without touching it is (charging by induction).
2. The work done moving a positive test charge between two points in an electric field divided by the magnitude of the test charge is the electric (potential difference).
3. An electric (conductor) is a material through which charges move about easily. (Charging by conduction) is giving a neutral object a charge by touching it with a charged object.
4. A material through which electrical charges does not move easily is an electrical (insulator).
5. The lines providing a picture of the size and strength of the field around a charged object are called the (electric field lines).
6. The property of the space around a charged object that exerts a force on other charged objects is the (electric field).
7. A device that helps determine charge using pieces of metal foil is an (electroscope).
8. The magnitude of the charge of an electron is the (elementary charge)
You read a primary source and a secondary source that discuss the same
experiment. There is a difference in the conclusions made by these two
sources. Which should you trust more, and why?
A. The secondary source, because it is easier to understand
B. The primary source, because it contains more charts
C. The primary source, because it was written by the researcher
D. The secondary source, because it was printed on paper
SUBM
Answers
Answer:
C
Explanation:
I am not 100% sure, but it might be the answer.
That should be right
10. Corrosion is exhibited by A. Electropositive metals B. Iron only C. All metals D. Metals below hydrogen is the electrochemical series
Answers
The phenomenon of corrosion is exhibited by the metals that are electropositive. Option A
What is corrosion?We know that metals are the elements that are found at the left hand side of the periodic table.
A refined metal undergoes natural corrosion, which changes it into a more stable oxide. By reacting chemically or electrochemically with their surroundings, materials slowly deteriorate.
The discipline of corrosion engineering is focused on managing and avoiding corrosion. The management of corrosion is key to engineering activities.
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What evidence do we have that energy levels in an atom are quantized? State and explain the evidence.
Answers
Answer:
The first evidence of quantization in atoms was the observation of spectral lines in light from the sun in the early 1800s by Joseph von Fraunhofer and William Hyde Wollaston.
Explanation:
which of the following acids will have the strongest conjugate base?
A. CI⁻
B. CH₃COO⁻
C. SO₄⁻
D. NO₂⁻
Answers
Among the given options, the strength of the conjugate base depends on the acidity of the corresponding acid. The stronger the acid, the weaker its conjugate base will be.
In this case, we can assess the acidity of the acids by considering their molecular structures and the factors that influence acidity.
A. CI⁻ (chloride ion) is the conjugate base of hydrochloric acid (HCl), a strong acid. Since HCl is a strong acid, its conjugate base CI⁻ is very weak.
B. CH₃COO⁻ (acetate ion) is the conjugate base of acetic acid (CH₃COOH), which is a weak acid. Weak acids tend to have relatively stronger conjugate bases. Therefore, CH₃COO⁻ is stronger compared to CI⁻.
C. SO₄⁻ (sulfate ion) is the conjugate base of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), a strong acid. Similar to HCl, H₂SO₄ is a strong acid, resulting in a weak conjugate base, SO₄⁻.
D. NO₂⁻ (nitrite ion) is the conjugate base of nitrous acid (HNO₂), which is a weak acid. Therefore, NO₂⁻ would have a relatively stronger conjugate base compared to CI⁻ and SO₄⁻.
In conclusion, among the given options, CH₃COO⁻ (acetate ion) would have the strongest conjugate base.
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Acetic acid (ch3cooh) and trifluoroacetic acid (cf3cooh) are shown by these particulate models. the ka for trifluoroacetic acid is 104 times greater than acetic acid. use the models to account for the differences in magnitude for the ka constant. the green atoms are fluorine, the red atoms are oxygen, the black atoms are carbon, and the white atoms are hydrogen.
Answers
Answer:
See explanation
Explanation:
If we look at the models, we will see that the three fluorine atoms in CF3COOH are attached to the carbon that is next to the -COOH group.
As a result of the electron withdrawing effect of the three fluorine atoms, CF3COOH is much more acidic (104 times more acidic) than CH3COOH. This is reflected in the value of the Ka for each acid.
This electron withdrawing effect of the three fluorine atoms also stabilizes CF3COO- much more than CH3COO-.