{{c1::Cones}} are found in 3 types, each of respond to a different wavelength range of light
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Cones are found in three types: S-cones, M-cones, and L-cones, each responding to a different wavelength range of light.
In the human eye, cones are photoreceptor cells responsible for color vision and function best in well-lit conditions. The three types of cones are:
1. S-cones (short-wavelength cones): These cones respond to short wavelengths of light, mainly in the blue-violet range (approximately 400-500 nm).
2. M-cones (medium-wavelength cones): These cones respond to medium wavelengths of light, mainly in the green range (approximately 450-630 nm).
3. L-cones (long-wavelength cones): These cones respond to long wavelengths of light, mainly in the yellow-red range (approximately 500-700 nm).
These cones work together to allow us to perceive a wide range of colors, as they each respond to different portions of the visible light spectrum. The brain processes the information received from these cones and combines it to create our perception of color.
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Related Questions
Bill is a young man who has noticed lately that he cannot remember new information. He forgets the names of people he just met, is constantly losing his keys and is having trouble at work as an accountant because he cannot remember information his clients tell him. This has not been a problem until very recently and he is not having trouble remembering other older memories such as his families’ names and his address. What is the name of the part of the brain that is not working?
Answers
Answer:
cerebrum
Explanation:
cerebrum is the seat of consciousness, intelligence, memory, judgement, learning and interpreter of sensation and imagination.
Cerebrum is the part of the brain that is not working.
What is Cerebrum?The cerebral hemispheres are the two hemispheres, or halves, that make up this structure. Speech, thought, emotions, reading, writing, and learning are all governed by regions of the cerebrum.
The largest and topmost part of the brain is called the cerebrum. Two-thirds of the weight of the brain is made up of the cerebral hemispheres, which make up the cerebrum.
Language and speech are governed by the functionally dominant hemisphere, which is often the left. The opposing hemisphere decodes spatial and visual information.
Therefore, Cerebrum is the part of the brain that is not working.
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About 9000 years ago, two parents were surprised to discover their teenage daughters' ability to drink milk and not get sick like everyone else
Answers
Answer:
But around 8,000 years ago in what's now Turkey — just when humans were starting to milk newly domesticated cows, goats and sheep — mutations near the gene that produces the lactase enzyme started becoming more frequent. And around the same time, adult lactose
Explanation:
people started to build lactose tolerance
What happens to the rate of diffusion if the temperature is raised?
Answers
Answer:
The rate of diffusion increases
Explanation:
This is because increase in temperature causes increase in the average speed of molecules which increases the rate of diffusion
Answer:
The higher the temperature, the more kinetic energy the particles will have, so they will move and mix more quickly. The greater the surface area, the faster the rate of diffusion.
which part of the eye contain receptor cells?
Answers
retina
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Cells that do not contain a nucleus are known as what?
Answers
Answer:
prokaryotes
Explanation:
what are two instances when it is desirable to conduct a case-control study (rather than using some other study design)?
Answers
Case-control studies are observational studies used to identify and assess the potential cause and effect relationship between an exposure and an outcome.
They are conducted to determine the risk factors associated with a particular disease. They are most useful in situations when the disease or outcome of interest is rare.
Here are two instances when it is desirable to conduct a case-control study:
1. Rare disease: Case-control studies are ideal for studying rare diseases or outcomes. Since the disease is rare, it is difficult to recruit sufficient participants, and it takes a long time to follow them up. In a case-control study, it is easy to identify all the cases since they are already sick, which reduces the sample size, and they are inexpensive. This means that the study can be conducted within a short time frame.
2. Studying many risk factors: Case-control studies are also suitable for studying many risk factors for a particular outcome. They are effective in identifying a wide range of risk factors that are related to the disease outcome. Researchers can collect information about the possible risk factors, and participants can be classified according to whether or not they have been exposed to the risk factor. In summary, case-control studies are useful when studying rare diseases or outcomes and when studying many risk factors.
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what term describes the volume of voids or open spaces in a rock or unconsolidated material?
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The term that describes the volume of voids or open spaces in a rock or unconsolidated material is "porosity."
Porosity refers to the proportion of empty spaces, or voids, within a substance. It is a measure of how much of the material's volume is occupied by open spaces rather than solid matter. Porosity is a crucial property in geology and engineering, as it directly influences the material's capacity to hold fluids, such as water, oil, or gas.
The higher the porosity, the more voids there are, and the greater the potential for fluid storage. Determining porosity helps assess the reservoir potential of rocks in the oil and gas industry, as well as the water-holding capacity of aquifers in groundwater studies.
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What do scientists call the differences in the traits of a particular species?
A. adaptation
B. variation
C. fossilization
D. selection
Answers
Answer:d
Explanation:
explain why adding protons to the treated mitochondria increase ATP synthesis?
Answers
Answer:
Because protons are no longer being used to power the ATP synthase, the proton gradient is not dissipated; the increasingly steep proton gradient makes it increasingly difficult for the electron-transport proteins to pump protons out of the matrix, and electron transport quickly stops.
Explanation:
Hope this helped!
Mitochondria are the power-house of the cell, which are primarily involved in the synthesis of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP). The synthesis of ATP is mediated by the proton pump and electron transport chain.
The protons generate the gradient, which is produced by the proton-pumping during the electron transport chain. The increase in the mitochondrial ATP production is mediated by the activated SIRT1 and AMPK.
The protons then flow down the concentration gradient into the matrix through ATP synthetase, a membrane protein.
The gradient will cause the spinning and catalyze the conversion of ADP into ATP.
Therefore, the metabolic machinery of the ATP synthesis in the mitochondria will be increased due to the proton pump.
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In a population of goldfish, individuals can be colored orange, white, white with orange spots,
orange with black spots, and orange with white spots. What is the best explanation for these
color differences?
Answers
kahit kahit po ayaw mona kana kana aaaa
A study was conducted to determine if smoking cigars is associated with tongue cancer. Of the 500 individuals with tongue cancer, 450 were cigar smokers; of the 1,000 without tongue cancer, 450 were cigar smokers.
a) Create a 2x2 table
b) How many people smoked cigars and did not have tongue cancer?
c) How many people did not smoke cigars and did not have tongue cancer?
d) Calculate the odds ratio
E) Interpret the odds ratio
Answers
a) The 2x2 table for the study:
Tongue Cancer No Tongue Cancer
Cigar Smokers 450 450
Non-Smokers 50 550
b) Number of people who smoked cigars and did not have tongue cancer: 450.
c) Number of people who did not smoke cigars and did not have tongue cancer: 550.
d) The odds ratio is 11.
e) Interpretation: Cigar smokers are 11 times more likely to develop tongue cancer compared to non-smokers.
a) The 2x2 table for the study is as follows:
Tongue Cancer No Tongue Cancer
Cigar Smokers 450 450
Non-Smokers 50 550
b) The number of people who smoked cigars and did not have tongue cancer is 450.
c) The number of people who did not smoke cigars and did not have tongue cancer is 550.
d) To calculate the odds ratio, we use the formula: (ad)/(bc), where a is the number of cigar smokers with tongue cancer, b is the number of non-smokers with tongue cancer, c is the number of cigar smokers without tongue cancer, and d is the number of non-smokers without tongue cancer. In this case, the odds ratio is:
(450 * 550) / (50 * 450) = 550 / 50 = 11
e) The odds ratio of 11 indicates that individuals who smoke cigars are 11 times more likely to develop tongue cancer compared to those who do not smoke cigars. This suggests a strong association between cigar smoking and tongue cancer. It is important to note that the odds ratio only indicates the strength of association and does not establish causation. Other factors, such as lifestyle, genetics, and other smoking habits, may also contribute to the development of tongue cancer. Further research and analysis would be required to determine the causal relationship between cigar smoking and tongue cancer.
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The first beef cattle in the United States originated right here in Florida, when the Spaniards imported them in the early 1500s. They were called the Criollo cattle, from which all
American beef cattle are descendant from. In cattle, coat coloration is an inherited trait. What is the genetic basis of coat-color variation in all cattle?
Differences in the environmental conditions of different geographic areas
Differences in the nucleotide sequences of genes
Differences in the diets of individual cattle
Differences in the numbers of chromosomes in cells
Answers
Answer:
B. Differences in the nucleotide sequences of genes are the genetic basis of coat-color variation in all cattle.
Explanation:
The variation in coat color is determined by multiple genes, and the interaction between these genes determines the final color of the animal's coat. In cattle, the most important genes controlling coat color are the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) and agouti signaling protein (ASIP). Different alleles (alternate forms of genes) of these genes can result in different coat colors and patterns. For example, the dominant allele of MC1R is responsible for black coat color, while the recessive allele is responsible for red or yellow coat color.
Explain how meiosis leads to parents and offspring who are not identical to each other. In your answer, you should talk about the daughter cells produced during meiosis and how they lead to genetic variations.
Answers
Meiosis leads to parents and offspring who are not identical to each other due to the processes of crossing over, independent assortment, and random fertilization. These processes result in genetic variations in the daughter cells produced during meiosis.
Meiosis is a specialized cell division process that occurs in the reproductive cells (gametes) to produce offspring. During meiosis, the DNA replicates, and two rounds of cell division occur, resulting in the formation of four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. The first step in generating genetic variation is crossing over, which happens during prophase I of meiosis. T which occurs during metaphase I. Homologous pairs of chromosomes align randomly along the equator of the cell, leading to different possible arrangements. Finally, during fertilization, random fertilization occurs when two gametes (sperm and egg) combine to form a zygote.
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Which of the following three issues do you think will be addressed by technology in the next 50 years?
A. Care for an aging population
B. Availability of clean water
C. Food supply
D. Avoiding death
Answers
What is true of table salt?
D.It has simple molecules.
C.It has only one element.
B.It is an ionic compound.
A.It has radicals.
Answers
Answer:
c because it is
Which would scientists predict might happen due to solar flares?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
electrical systems in satellites will fail
Help me with 2 please and thank you
Answers
Answer:
Parent: WW x Ww
Chance of long whisker: 100%
Chance of short whiskers: 0%
Chance they are s carrier: 50%
Explanation:
W. W
W. WW. WW
w. Ww. Ww
WW= long whiskers = 2
Ww= carrier of short whiskers gene = 2
Ww= dominate long whiskers = 2
ww= short whiskers = 0
Dominate Gene always shows so Ww would still be long whiskers
Ww +Ww = Long Whiskers
2 + 2 = 4
There are four possibility total so total is equal to 4
4/4 = 100%
Carrier of short whiskers/ total
2/4= 50%
Short whiskers/ total
0/4 = 0%
Are viruses alive? The scientific debate continues. Viruses exhibit some characteristics of life, but others are missing. The MOST obvious reason why scientists still refer to viruses as non-living is that they.
Answers
Scientists aren't certain whether or not viruses are residing or non-residing. In general, scientists use a listing of standards to decide if something is alive. Let’s have a take a observe a few tendencies of residing matters and spot if viruses additionally have the one's tendencies.
Living matters have cells. Viruses do now no longer have cells. They have a protein coat that protects their genetic cloth (both DNA or RNA). But they do now no longer have a molecular membrane or different organelles (for example, ribosomes or mitochondria) that cells have.Living matters reproduce. In general, cells reproduce by making a replica in their DNA. Unlike cells, viruses do now no longer have the equipment to make a replica in their DNA. But they've discovered different approaches to make new viruses. This is completed through putting virus genetic cloth into a number molecular. This reasons the molecular to make a replica of the virus DNA, making greater viruses.Many scientists argue that despite the fact that viruses can use different cells to breed themselves, viruses are nevertheless now no longer taken into consideration alive beneath neath this category. This is due to the fact viruses do now no longer have the equipment to copy their genetic cloth themselves.More recently, scientists have observed a brand new sort of virus, known as a mimivirus. These viruses do comprise the equipment for making a replica of its DNA. This indicates that positive sorts of viruses may also certainly be residingWhat is a virus?The virus is an infectious agent that transfers viroids into the host body causing disease.
Therefore it is clear that viruses are not alive.
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Name 2 ways that humans can use the products of yeast respiration
Answers
Answer:
1. for preparation of food
2. for medicine
which part of the mrna is not modified? all are modified 3' end 5' end the sequences between the 5' and 3' end
Answers
The mRNA molecule is synthesized during transcription with the help of RNA polymerase enzyme. The final product of transcription is pre-mRNA, which has to undergo a modification process before it is transported to the cytoplasm.
During the processing of pre-mRNA into mature mRNA, different modifications occur in mRNA. Given the options; 3' end, 5' end, and the sequences between the 5' and 3' end, the 5' and 3' end of mRNA molecules are usually modified, but the sequence between the 5' and 3' end is not modified. The primary modifications that occur at the 5' and 3' ends of mRNA are referred to as the 5' cap and 3' poly(A) tail.
The 5' cap modification involves the addition of 7-methyl guanosine (m7G) nucleotide to the first nucleotide of the pre-mRNA molecule. This cap provides a binding site for the ribosome, which is essential for translation to occur. The cap also prevents the 5' end of mRNA from being degraded by cellular exonucleases. The 3' poly(A) tail modification involves the addition of many adenine nucleotides (A) to the 3' end of the pre-mRNA molecule. The tail provides stability to the mRNA molecule and protects the 3' end of the mRNA from being degraded by cellular exonucleases. It also assists in the export of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
In summary, the sequence between the 5' and 3' end of mRNA molecules is not modified. However, the 5' and 3' ends of mRNA are usually modified. The 5' cap and 3' poly(A) tail modifications play significant roles in the stability, export, and translation of mRNA.
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6. Give three examples of ways invasive species have arrived to the Hudson
Answers
Answer:
Invasive species arrive inadvertently in ship ballast (both solid ballast and ballast water), on wooden shipping pallets, through canals (like the Erie Canal), as unseen 'hitchhikers' on people, animals, or boats, by escaping from agricultural areas, and by people introducing them on purpose, which is often the case .
A- Below is a plasmid with restriction sites for BamHI and EcoRI. Several restriction digests were done using these two enzymes either alone or in combination. Note: Begin by determining the number and size of the fragments produced with each enzyme. "kb" stands for kilobases, or thousands of base pairs. 1- Which lane shows a digest with BamHI only? a. I Plasmid Gel lanes 11 HIV V b. II c. III d. IV e. V. 6 Kb O Bam HI Bam H DGEN101 2 KD 8 (20KD) O Bam HDPK 4KD Eco RI Base pairs 11111 2- Which lane shows a digest with EcoRI only? a. I b. II 11 ILI 1 Il c. III d. IV e. V 3- Which lane shows the fragments produced when the plasmid was incubated with both EcoRI and BamH1? a. I b. II c. III d. IV e. v.
Answers
The plasmid with restriction sites for BamHI and EcoRI was digested with both enzymes, resulting in the production of four types of fragments. The size of each fragment is indicated in kb, with (20KD) indicating a fragment of 20 kilobases. the correct answers are a. I, b. II, and d. IV.
The number and size of the fragments produced with each enzyme can be determined by examining the lane on the plasmid gel.
To answer the questions, it is necessary to identify which lane shows which fragment produced by each enzyme. The correct answers are:
Lane 11 shows a digest with BamHI only. This is because the fragment of size 20 kilobases (20KD) in lane 4 is produced by the combination of BamHI and EcoRI, and the fragment of size 11 kilobases (11KD) in lane 10 is produced by the combination of BamHI and BamH.Lane 5 shows a digest with EcoRI only. This is because the fragment of size 11 kilobases (11KD) in lane 4 is produced by the combination of EcoRI and EcoRI, and the fragment of size 20 kilobases (20KD) in lane 8 is produced by the combination of EcoRI and BamH.Lane 4 shows the fragments produced when the plasmid was incubated with both EcoRI and BamH1. This is because the fragment of size 20 kilobases (20KD) in lane 4 is produced by the combination of EcoRI and BamH.Learn more about “ BamHI and EcoRI “ visit here;
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the external female genitalia are collectively referred to as the
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The external female genitalia are collectively referred to as the vulva.
The vulva is the outer part of the female reproductive system and includes several structures. These structures include the mons pubis (a mound of fatty tissue above the pubic bone), labia majora (outer folds of skin), labia minora (inner folds of skin), cl itoris (a sensitive erectile organ), vaginal opening, and urethral opening.
The vulva is located between the thighs and serves as the entrance to the reproductive and urinary systems in females. It plays a role in sexual pleasure, protection of the internal genitalia, and the passage of urine and menstrual fluid.
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------The given questions is incomplete, the complete questions is:
"the external female genitalia are collectively referred to as the____."--------
How could one determine if two
unidentified organisms share a common
ancestor?
Answers
Answer:
Evolutionists determine that two organisms have a common ancestor is by looking at fossil evidence in different rock layers using the law of Superposition (Oldest layers are on the bottom, newest are on the top) and compare the skulls or other bones to each other in order of oldest to newest (or newest to oldest). Another way to determine this is to examine the amount of DNA a certain species shares with another species. An example of this would be that Humans share roughly 90% of our DNA with chimpanzees or the other Great Apes.
Explanation:
DNA
They can look at the DNA it's the most common one.
There are 4 pieces of evolution and they are
Fossils , Geography , Embryos / DNA , Anatomy
Fossils: Physical remains of species , Determine age, location, environment
Deeper layers = older
Geography: Proves species share common ancestors, depending on where
they live
DNA: BEST evidence because it’s the MOST ACCURATE
Similarities in the early stages of development
Similarities in DNA
More similarities = closely related
More differences = not related
Anatomy: Compare body parts of different species to see how they evolved
3 different structures:
Homologous (same structure, different function)
Analogous (similar structure, different organisms)
Vestigial (body parts that no longer serve a purpose)
All of that are in evolution
Hope it helped! ( Gave u my biology notes :D)
HELP ASPPP PLEASESS HELP
Answers
Density is a physical property and the physical properties for the element platinum would be that platinum is silvery, metallic metal and very unreactive.
What is density and what are the chemical properties of platinum?Density is a physical property majorly used quantity in chemistry defined as mass per unit volume of a substance.Now the physical properties of platinum include that platinum is silvery, and metallic and does not tarnish.The chemical properties of platinum include that the element named platinum is so unreactive , that even reacting it at high temperatures and with very reactive metals does not seem to work.The density , electronic configuration , boiling point , melting point will be counted into chemical properties of platinum.To know more about platinum visit:
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What allowed the peppered moths to make the comeback? What could happen to the species if only the dark-winged moths had survived the pollution era?
Answers
Classism, heteronormativity, patriarchy and white supremacy, can be best described as examples of systems of
Answers
Classism, heteronormativity, patriarchy and white supremacy, can be best described as examples of systems of Social Stratification because they are ways of maintaining social hierarchieas based on institutionalized, unequal, access to culturally valued resources like education.
What is meant by social stratification?
Social stratification refers to a society's categorization of its people into groups based on socioeconomic factors like wealth, income, race, education, ethnicity, gender, occupation, social status, or derived power (social and political). As such, stratification is the relative social position of persons within a social group, category, geographic region, or social unit.In modern Western societies, social stratification is typically defined in terms of three social classes: the upper class, the middle class, and the lower class; in turn, each class can be subdivided into the upper-stratum, the middle-stratum, and the lower stratum. Moreover, a social stratum can be formed upon the bases of kinship, clan, tribe, or caste, or all four.The categorization of people by social stratum occurs most clearly in complex state-based, polycentric, or feudal societies, the latter being based upon socio-economic relations among classes of nobility and classes of peasants. Determining the structures of social stratification arises from inequalities of status among persons, therefore, the degree of social inequality determines a person's social stratum. Generally, the greater the social complexity of a society, the more social stratification exists, by way of social differentiation.To learn more about social inequality: https://brainly.com/question/11106414
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which of these characteristics does not describe the beta sheet? a) amino acid side chains are located both above and below the sheet. b) beta sheets have a pleated edge-on appearance. c) they can exist in either parallel or antiparallel configurations. d) the sheets contain as few as two and as many as 22 polypeptide chains. e) parallel b eta sheets containing fewer than five chains are the most common.
Answers
Beta sheets typically contain between 2 and 10 polypeptide chains, with 5 being the most common number. 22 polypeptide chains would be too many to fit into a beta sheet. The correct option is D.
A beta sheet is a common motif of the regular protein secondary structure. Beta sheets consist of beta strands (β-strands) connected laterally by at least two or three backbone hydrogen bonds, forming a generally twisted, pleated sheet.
A β-strand is a stretch of polypeptide chain typically 3 to 10 amino acids long with backbone in an extended conformation. The supramolecular association of β-sheets has been implicated in the formation of the fibrils and protein aggregates observed in amyloidosis, notably Alzheimer's disease.
β-sheets can be open, meaning that they have two edge strands (as in the flavodoxin fold or the immunoglobulin fold) or they can be closed β-barrels (such as the TIM barrel).
β-Barrels are often described by their stagger or shear. Some open β-sheets are very curved and fold over on themselves (as in the SH3 domain) or form horseshoe shapes (as in the ribonuclease inhibitor).
Open β-sheets can assemble face-to-face (such as the β-propeller domain or immunoglobulin fold) or edge-to-edge, forming one big β-sheet.
Therefore, the correct option is D, the sheets contain as few as two and as many as 22 polypeptide chains.
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give an example of a behavior you learned by imitation
Answers
Answer:
Among human beings, imitation can include such everyday experiences as yawning when others yawn, a host of unconsciously and passively learned replications of social conduct, and the deliberate adoption of the ideas and habits of others.
Explanation:
Answer:
speech
Explanation:
Speech is learned through imitation. Children hear their parents talk and over time try and imitate those sounds.
Where does the oxygen released during photosynthesis come from
Answers
Answer:
Oxygen liberated during photosynthesis comes from the splitting or hydrolysis of water in the green plants. Cornelius van Niel experimentally proved for the first time that the oxygen liberated during photosynthesis comes from water and not from carbon dioxide.
Answer:
Oxygen liberated during photosynthesis comes from the splitting or hydrolysis of water in the green plants.
Oxygen is just a by product of this splitting, and will be removed from the plant.
it was proven by Cornelius Van Niel that oxygen liberated during photosynthesis comes from water not carbon dioxide