brca1 activity is regulated by phosphorylation by different kinases. in normal cells, a kinase called atm is activated in response to dna damage. would phosphorylation of brca1 by atm activate or inhibit brca1 function?
Answers
Additionally, there is proof that BRCA1 participates in the S-phase checkpoint activated by halted replication forks, which can be brought on by UV or hydroxyurea treatment of cells (HU).
What causes mutations in the BRCA1 gene?To fix DNA breaks, the BRCA1 protein interacts with a variety of other proteins in the nuclei of several types of normal cells. These breaks can be brought on by chromosomes exchanging genetic material prior to cell division, natural radiation, medicinal radiation, or other environmental exposures.
What does the gene for ATM do?The ATM gene gives instructions for creating a protein that is largely found in the nucleus of cells, where it aids in regulating how quickly cells divide and expand.
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Related Questions
Why are antibiotics not effective against viruses? (think back to what you learned about viruses in pbs.)
Answers
Antibiotics are not effective against viruses because they are designed to kill bacteria by targeting their unique structures and processes.
Viruses have different structures and rely on host cells for replication, making antibiotics ineffective against them.
Antibiotics are not effective against viruses because they work by targeting and killing bacteria, not viruses. Antibiotics are designed to attack the specific structures and processes that are unique to bacteria, such as their cell walls or protein synthesis machinery. Viruses, on the other hand, are different from bacteria. They are much smaller and do not have the same structures or processes as bacteria.
Viruses are composed of genetic material, either DNA or RNA, surrounded by a protein coat. They cannot carry out metabolic activities on their own and rely on host cells to reproduce. When a virus infects a host cell, it hijacks the cell's machinery to replicate itself. Antibiotics cannot disrupt this process because they do not target the specific structures or processes that viruses rely on for replication.
Antibiotics are not effective against viruses because they are designed to kill bacteria by targeting their unique structures and processes. Viruses have different structures and rely on host cells for replication, making antibiotics ineffective against them. It is important to understand the difference between bacteria and viruses in order to understand why antibiotics cannot treat viral infections.
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A microorganism measures 5 μm in length. Its length in mm would be:
a) 0.05 mm.
b) 50 mm.
c) 500 mm.
d) 0.005 mm.
e) 0.5 mm.
Answers
0.005 mm. One millionth of the a metre, or micrometres, are frequently used to measure the size of microbes. Measureable traits of microorganisms include their genome sizes and growth rates, among many others.
Trillions of microorganisms, as well as "microbiomes," are present in the soil, plants, homes, the air we breathe, and on and inside of us. The large percentage of microbiomes support critical functions in our bodies and environments, including digestion and plant growth. In most cases, we can live side by side with them. With a greater understanding of these communities, we might be able using these complex microbial communities for implementations in agriculture and food safety, water purification, manufacturing, renewable energy, as well as biological threat detection.
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The diagram below represents a portion of the Earth's latitude and longitude system. What are the approximate latitude and longitude of point A?
15º S 20º W
15º S 20º E
15º N 20º E
15º N 20º W
Answers
Latitude and longitude are distances in degrees from the Equator and from the Greenwich meridian. Point A is at 15º N 20º W. Option D.
What are latitude and longitude?Latitude and longitude refer to distances in degrees concerning a certain reference point.
Latitude is the distance in degrees, minutes, and seconds of a point from the Equator, which is the principal parallel at 0º. It separates the northern hemisphere from the southern hemisphere. Longitude is the distance in degrees, minutes, and seconds of a point from the Greenwich meridian, which is the principal meridian at 0º. It separates the east from the west.In the exposed example, we can identify the equator (horizontal black line at 0º) and the Greenwich meridian (vertical black line at 0º).
We can also see a point named A located in the northern hemisphere and to the west.
By looking at the degrees, we can say this point is at 15º N 20º W. Option D.
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what will most likely happen if the plankton population decreases in this ocean system?
Answers
Answer: here
Explanation: If the plankton population decreases, there will be less food available for the shrimp. 2. As a result, the shrimp population may also decrease due to lack of food.
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Which of the following are phenotypes associated with deletion of recA
a. INCREASED sensitivity to UV radiation
b. DECREASED induction of Lambda prophage
c. DECREASED homologous recombination rates
d. INCREASED induction of Lambda prophage
Answers
The phenotypes associated with deletion of recA are:
a. INCREASED sensitivity to UV radiation
c. DECREASED homologous recombination rates
RecA is a protein involved in DNA repair and recombination processes. Its deletion leads to increased sensitivity to UV radiation because RecA is involved in repairing DNA damage caused by UV radiation.
Additionally, RecA plays a crucial role in homologous recombination, which is the process of exchanging genetic material between homologous DNA molecules.
Deletion of recA leads to decreased homologous recombination rates as RecA is responsible for facilitating the strand exchange and DNA repair steps during this process.
Therefore, options a and c are the phenotypes associated with deletion of recA.
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bilateral leg edema in congestive heart failure is due . a. pressure increases in the venous system b. venous valve prolapse c. thrombus formation d. bacterial infection
Answers
Edema can develop as a result of blood pooling in your feet, ankles, and legs. In addition to abdominal swelling, congestive cardiac failure can also induce it.
What belongs to bacteria?Small, single-celled organisms called bacteria exist. Nearly most regions of the world are inhabited to bacteria, that are essential towards its ecosystem. In addition, it's believed there are more bacteria exist in the brain body than are living things.
What brings about bacteria?Small, single-celled creatures called bacteria enter the body and cause bacterial illnesses. There are numerous ways to contract these illnesses, which are widespread. There are numerous varieties of bacteria, and they can all affect the body in various ways.
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Which form a EM radiation has the most energy
Answers
Answer:
gamma-rays
Explanation:
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Histamine binds to the h1 g-protein-linked receptor to initiate the itchiness and airway constriction associated with an allergic response. If a mutation in the associated g-protein’s alpha subunit prevented the hydrolysis of gtp how would the allergic response change?.
Answers
Greater allergic reaction than would occur with normal G-protein signaling. In our cells, the G protein system is the most prevalent kind of signaling. Our cells contain tens of thousands of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR).
What about histamine?Histamine causes itching by interacting with nerves. It can lead to nausea and diarrhea in people with food sensitivities.Additionally, it tightens the lungs muscles, making breathing more difficult.Most concerning is when histamine results in anaphylaxis, a serious reaction that can be fatal. Headaches or migraines, nasal congestion or sinus problems, exhaustion, and hives are all signs of histamine intolerance. The two main causes of acute histamine poisoning are rotting fish or insufficient refrigeration.As a result, bacteria overgrow and produce excessive amounts of histamine from histidine. Histamine poisoning may be more likely in those with extremely low levels of the enzyme diamine oxidase. Histamine levels in the blood and urine are typically quite low. People who have a strong allergic reaction and those who have a disease in which the number of mast cells rises (proliferates) and/or becomes active without obvious sensitivities can both experience significant increases. Starting an elimination diet, which limits consumption to foods and beverages with minimal levels of histamine, is the greatest strategy to help the body get rid of histamine.Learn more about histamine here:
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What purpose do specialized cells serve?
A. They help unicellular organisms carry out the functions of a
multicellular organism.
B. They come in contact with the external environment.
C. They convert multicellular organisms to unicellular organisms.
D. They carry out specific functions for a whole organism.
Answers
Answer:
D
Explanation:
I got it right:)
h. Mention the types of interaction. Describe each with an example. The examples given are interrelationships between what types of organisms? Separate. i. Bees, beetles eat flowers ii. Spiders make nets in trees iii. Shallow birds making nest at home iv. Flies, aphids, mosquitoes that live by sucking the blood of animals V. Tapeworms, worms etc. living inside the body of the animal.
Answers
ii. Commensalism (only the spider is benefiting while the tree isn’t being harmed.)
iii. Commensalism
iv. Parasitism
V. Parasitism
I hope I gave the right answers! Best of luck!
A map distance of 25 map units between two genes indicates which of the following?
Multiple Choice
A. The genes are 25 millimeters apart
B. 50% of the offspring exhibit recombination between the two genes
C. There are 25 other genes between the two genes of interest
D. 25% of the offspring exhibit recombination between the two genes
Answers
A map distance of 25 map units between two genes indicates 50% of the offspring exhibit recombination between the two genes.
Here correct option is B.
In genetics, a map unit (also known as a centimorgan) represents a unit of genetic distance between two genes on a chromosome. It is a measure of the frequency of recombination between two genes during meiosis.
A map distance of 25 map units between two genes indicates that, on average, 25% of the offspring resulting from a cross between individuals with different alleles at these genes will exhibit recombination between them. Since each crossover event between homologous chromosomes results in a recombination event, the frequency of recombination is proportional to the map distance.
Therefore, the correct interpretation is that 50% of the offspring will exhibit recombination between the two genes when the map distance is 25 map units.
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Hardwired characteristics of the brain that attempt to keep us in balance by correcting deficiencies are referred to as:
Answers
Hardwired characteristics of the brain that attempt to keep us in balance by correcting deficiencies are referred to as homeostatic mechanisms.
Homeostasis is the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes.
In the context of the brain, homeostatic mechanisms involve various processes that regulate physiological functions and maintain optimal levels of essential substances.
These mechanisms can include feedback loops that detect imbalances and initiate corrective actions.
For example, if there is a deficiency in a particular nutrient or hormone, the brain may activate mechanisms to increase its production, decrease its consumption, or enhance its absorption from the environment.
Homeostatic mechanisms play a crucial role in ensuring the body's overall stability and functioning, helping to maintain proper levels of various substances and promoting overall well-being.
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Which phase of the systems development life cycle would include describing in detail the desired features of the system
Answers
The phase of the systems development life cycle that would include describing in detail the desired features of the system is the Requirements Analysis phase.
What is the Systems Development Life Cycle?The Systems Development Life Cycle is a methodology that describes the process of designing, creating, and maintaining software applications in a structured, methodical, and predictable manner. It is a framework for software development that guides project management and decision-making for every stage of the software development process. The Systems Development Life Cycle consists of several phases, each of which is designed to achieve specific goals and outcomes.
The Requirements Analysis phase is the phase of the Systems Development Life Cycle that focuses on defining the system requirements. This phase of the life cycle is where the development team works with the stakeholders to identify the goals and objectives of the system. They also work to identify and document any constraints or limitations that might impact the development of the system.
The Requirements Analysis phase includes describing in detail the desired features of the system. This involves developing a set of use cases, which are detailed descriptions of how the system will be used by the end-users. These use cases help to ensure that the development team has a clear understanding of the system requirements and that they are designing a system that meets the needs of the stakeholders.
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Disadvantages of asexual reproduction are _____.
Answers
Answer:
The first one in the image :)
Explanation:
If its asexual then, only the same species will reproduce therefore making it reproduce only one species.
Halogens are destructive to ozone because they are highly reactive with oxygen.
Answers
Answer:
that is true
Explanation:
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please help im crying so much
In mammalian females, the majority of one X chromosome's genes are shut down in a process called X chromosome _____. The inactive X is condensed and afterwards called a _____. Because the shutdown is random in the embryonic cells formed by the time inactivation occurs, all mature mammalian females are a
_____ for the expression of X chromosome genes. The inactivation of one X in the female is thought to balance gene expression between males and females, a theory called _____. The shutdown of the X chromosome is accomplished by the
______ gene. _____ is the master gene for male sex determination in mammals and is found on the human Y-chromosome.
Answers
In mammalian females, the majority of one X chromosome's genes are shut down in a process called X chromosome inactivation. The inactive X is condensed and afterwards called a barrbodies. Because the shutdown is random in the embryonic cells formed by the time inactivation occurs, all mature mammalian females are a inactivate for the expression of X chromosome genes. The inactivation of one X in the female is thought to balance gene expression between males and females, a theory called X-inactivation/Lyonisation. The shutdown of the X chromosome is accomplished by the Xist gene. SRY is the master gene for male sex determination in mammals and is found on the human Y-chromosome.
2. A peacock spreading its tail to attract a mate is sending a(n)
stimulus.
Answers
Answer:
the answer is external
Explanation:
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Which statement best describes the central nervous system?
It senses stimuli and carries out a reaction.
It secretes hormones.
It is made up of all nerve cells.
It is made up of the brain and the spinal cord.
Answers
Answer:
It is made up of the brain and the spinal cord.
Explanation:
Someone help me plssss
Answers
Answer:
budding, in biology, a form of asexual reproduction in which a new individual develops from some generative anatomical point of the parent organism.
an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances.
Explanation:
Which viruses can affect DNA?
Answers
Answer:
Study shows that viruses can target DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) to suppress gene expression via DNA methylation. Viruses can cause many different health problems in humans including HIV/AIDS, hepatitis, herpes, and even cancer
Explanation:
How many TOTAL valence electrons are in the molecule H 2 O ? 8,2,6,1
Answers
Answer:
8
Explanation:
Hydrogen has 1 Valence electron, and H2O has 2 Hydrogen. Oxygen has 6 Valence electrons so do 2+6 = 8. 8 Valence electrons! (Or one full shell not consisting of the first shell.)
Wastewater contains naturally occurring microorganisms that biodegrade a wide range of pollutants, but some pollutants are resistant to treatment. A Maryland wastewater treatment plant has found high levels of resistant toxic dye in its incoming wastewater. Their researchers would like to add a detoxifying bacterium, Sphingomonas xenophaga, to degrade the dye. This anaerobic bacterium is found in terrestrial soil samples and will be grown in a lab setting before being released into the wastewater stream. Based on the information provided, what type of bioremediation is being considered? Provide at least 2 pros and 2 cons of using this bioremediation method. As the local microbiologist, propose at least one alternative bioremediation method.
Answers
The type of bioremediation being considered here is Biostimulation.
Biostimulation is a type of bioremediation that promotes the natural biodegradation of pollutants by introducing nutrients to microorganisms present in the environment. This enhances the microbial population, resulting in increased rates of contaminant breakdown.
2 pros of biostimulation are:
Cost-effective- Biostimulation is a cost-effective method of bioremediation, as it does not require large quantities of specialized equipment or materials to implement.
Non-invasive- Biostimulation is a non-invasive method of bioremediation, as it does not require the removal of contaminants or soil from the site.
2 cons of biostimulation are:
Unpredictable- Biostimulation can be unpredictable as it relies on the activity of natural microorganisms, which can be influenced by environmental conditions such as temperature and pH.
Excessive nutrient addition- Excessive nutrient addition may lead to eutrophication, which can harm aquatic ecosystems.
Proposed alternative bioremediation method: Phytoremediation is a promising alternative to biostimulation for the treatment of wastewater contaminated with dyes. This is a sustainable and eco-friendly way of treating wastewater and it does not require the addition of chemicals or microorganisms.
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All of the following traits can be possessed by non-chordates except:
a. notochord
b. bilateral symmetry
c. segmented bodies
d. head with sensory organs
Answers
The trait that cannot be possessed by non-chordates is the notochord. Notochord is a defining feature of chordates and is a flexible rod-like structure that runs along the length of their bodies. Non-chordates, on the other hand, lack a notochord but may possess bilateral symmetry, segmented bodies, and a head with sensory organs.
The notochord is a distinctive characteristic of chordates, which are a group of animals that includes vertebrates (animals with backbones) as well as some closely related non-vertebrate species. The notochord is a flexible rod-like structure that extends along the length of the body and provides structural support. It also plays a role in development, forming the basis for the vertebral column in vertebrates. Non-chordates, on the other hand, do not possess a notochord. However, they may exhibit other features such as bilateral symmetry (having a symmetrical body plan), segmented bodies (body divided into repeating segments), and a head with sensory organs, which can vary among different non-chordate groups.
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The end result of technology is best described as:
O A. the result of a type of scientific experiment.
O B. the growth of new political ideas through science.
O C. controversial new ideas questioned by society.
O D. products or processes that help solve problems.
Answers
Answer:
D. products or processes that help solve problems.
Explanation:
how were the experimentally derived triplet codon assignments verified in studies using bacteriophage ms2? how were the experimentally derived triplet codon assignments verified in studies using bacteriophage ms2? by matching complete sequence of the rna phage ms2 with the same radiolabeled rna sequence by matching complete sequence of the rna phage ms2 with complete sequence of the dna phage t4 by matching complete sequence of the rna phage ms2 with radiolabeled amino acids of the dna by matching complete sequence of the rna phage ms2 with protein products
Answers
The MS2 bacteriophage serves as a standard for studying processes in molecular biology. It covers viral RNA replication, the translation method, and infected cell psychology.
Protein A, the coat protein, and the RNA replicase complex are all present in the MS2 RNA that encodes viral polypeptides.
Internal Control for MS2: The presence of MS2 in a patient's result indicates that the well underwent PCR amplification. Despite the absence of SARS-CoV-2 during the analysis, the presence of MS2 indicates that proper RNA extraction and amplification took place.
A codon in mRNA is a group of three bases that specifies a specific amino acid (hence the term "triplet code"). As a result, the mRNA sequence serves as a template for the sequential assembly of the protein's amino acid chain.
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Indicate the phase of growth of each of the following hairs:
a. The root is club-shaped
b. The hair has a follicular tag
c. The root bulb is flame-shaped
d. The root is elongated
Answers
The hair has a follicular tag is in the phase of growth. The root bulb is flame-shaped is in the phase of growth.The root is club-shaped is in the phase of resting.
The root is elongated is in the phase of growth.Phases of hair growthThere are three distinct phases of hair growth, as outlined below. Anagen phase (growth phase): This is when the hair is actively growing, and it lasts between two and six years.Catagen phase (transitional phase): This is a short, two-week period that begins after the anagen phase, during which hair growth slows down. At any given time, less than 1% of scalp hairs are in this stage.Telogen phase (resting phase):
This is when the hair is no longer growing. Instead, it stays dormant for around 100 days before falling out and being replaced by new hair. At any given time, approximately 10% of scalp hairs are in this stage.
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characteristics we define as homo appear in the fossil record at different times. this is known as: a. hybridization b. uneven development. c. mosaic evolution.d. evolution
Answers
characteristics we define as homo appear in the fossil record at different times this is known as mosaic evolution.
Mosaic evolution is the concept that different characteristics evolve at different rates, rather than all evolving at the same time or rate. In the case of human evolution, certain features that we define as "homo" or human-like appeared at different times in the fossil record, rather than all at once. For example, the evolution of bipedalism, or walking on two legs, appears to have occurred before the evolution of a larger brain. This concept of mosaic evolution helps explain why some fossils may have some human-like characteristics but not others.
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In the cell line that entered mitosis, why do you think that only a fraction of the cells did so instead of 100%?
Answers
Only a fraction of cells entered mitosis because even though cancer cells divide rapidly, they don't replicate all the time.
Mitosis is a process of nuclear division in eukaryotic cells that occurs when a parent cell divides to produce two identical daughter cells. During cell division, mitosis refers specifically to the separation of the duplicated genetic material carried in the nucleus.
Mitosis is a type of cell division which occurs in the somatic cells to maintain the number of chromosomes in the parent cell. So, this type of cell division is important for the growth and tissue repair.
A structure found inside the nucleus of a cell. A chromosome is made up of proteins and DNA organized into genes. Each cell normally contains 23 pairs of chromosomes.
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Replicate the following gene:
TAGGGTACTTAACC
Answers
To replicate the following gene: TAGGGTACTTAACC, a process called DNA replication is required.
This process takes place in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells and is responsible for the creation of new DNA molecules that are identical to the original molecule. During DNA replication, enzymes unzip the DNA double helix, breaking the hydrogen bonds between the complementary base pairs and exposing the nucleotide bases.Each exposed nucleotide base attracts a complementary nucleotide base, forming a new complementary strand. The nucleotides bond together via hydrogen bonds and the sugar-phosphate backbones of the complementary strands bond together to form a double helix structure.In the end, the result will be two identical strands of DNA, each with one new strand and one old strand. This process is important because it ensures that the genetic information is faithfully passed on from parent cells to daughter cells.
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Identify the results of a substance losing energy. Select all that apply.
A. The temperature of the substance will increase.
B. The substance will change from the gaseous state to the liquid state.
C. The temperature of the substance will decrease.
D. The substance will change from the solid state to the liquid state.
Answers
When particles get colder and lose energy, they begin to move less and less. Gas particles move the most, with solid particles moving the least. So, it makes sense that if the substance loses energy and gets colder, it will also transform from gaseous state to liquid state since the particles are also moving slower as a result of it losing energy.
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