Explain with suitable block diagrams, the speed control of induction motor based on slip compensation.
Answers
Speed control of an induction motor can be achieved using various techniques, one of which is slip compensation. In this technique, the slip frequency of the induction motor is estimated and compensated for to achieve the desired speed.
The basic block diagram for the speed control of an induction motor based on slip compensation is shown below:
_____________
| |
Setpoint --> | Speed | -----> Output
| Controller |
|_____________|
|
v
_____________
| |
Speed ------->| Slip | --------> Error Signal
| Estimator |
|_____________|
|
v
_____________
| |
_|_ ___|__
/ \ / \
Rotor | | | |
Flux | | | |
\___/ \__ Motor_/
Core |
& |
Stator |
Windings _|_
/ \
| |
| Load|
|_____|
The setpoint represents the desired speed of the motor, and the speed controller generates a control signal to adjust the speed of the motor. The speed estimator measures the actual speed of the motor and provides feedback to the controller. The error signal is generated by taking the difference between the setpoint and the actual speed, and it drives the slip estimator.
The slip estimator estimates the slip frequency of the motor based on the error signal and provides feedback to the system. The slip frequency is the difference between the supply frequency and the actual frequency of the rotor current. By estimating the slip frequency, the controller can compensate for it and adjust the output signal accordingly.
The output of the slip estimator is subtracted from the control signal generated by the speed controller to obtain the final output that controls the motor speed. This output signal is then applied to the stator windings of the motor, which produces a magnetic field that interacts with the rotor and drives the motor at the desired speed.
In summary, the speed control of an induction motor based on slip compensation involves estimating and compensating for the slip frequency of the motor to achieve the desired speed. By using the slip estimator to provide feedback and adjust the control signal, the motor speed can be accurately controlled even under varying load conditions.
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Related Questions
a) Indicate all the BCNF violations. Do not forget to consider FD’s that are not in the given set, but follow from them. However, it is not necessary to give violations that have more than one attribute on the right side?
b) Decompose the relations, as necessary, into collections of relations that are in BCNF?
o R(A,B,C,D) with FD’s AB ->C, BC ->D, CD ->A and AD ->B
o R(A,B,C,D) with FD’s A ->B, B ->C, C ->D and D ->A
o R(A,B,C,D,E) with FD’s AB ->C, C ->D, D ->B, and D ->E
Answers
R(A,B,C,D,E) has the following FDs: AB->C, DE->C, and B->D. R(ABC) and R are the decomposed relations into BCNF (BCDE).
i) ABE is a candidate key for the relation presented.
The above relation does not fall under BCNF since the left-hand sides of the functional dependencies, AB C, DE C, and B D, do not contain super keys.
Thus, BCNF is violated by all FDs.
ii) R(ABCD), R(CDE), and R are the decomposed relations into BCNF (ABE).
FD's AB-> C, C-> D, D-> B, and D->E are present in R(A, B, C, D, and E).
I AB, AC, and AD are the potential keys for the given connection.
As AB C has the super key on the LHS of the functional dependencies, it does not go against the BCNF. Due to the lack of super keys on their LHS, C, D, and E violate the BCNF.
ii) R(ABC) and R are the decomposed relations into BCNF (BCDE).
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True or false To fasten a duct hanger to a gypsum board wall, the best fastener would be an anchor shield
Answers
The given statement of "To fasten a duct hanger to a gypsum board wall, the best fastener would be an anchor shield" is false.
Why is the above statement false?Anchor shields are typically used to secure objects to concrete or masonry walls.
For fastening a duct hanger to a gypsum board wall, the best fastener would be a toggle bolt or a self-drilling drywall screw. These fasteners are specifically designed for use in drywall and can provide a secure hold for the duct hanger.
Therefore, one can say that Anchor shields may not provide a secure hold in drywall, as they are designed for use in masonry or concrete.
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The source term will affect all algebraic equations.
Answers
The statement about the source term affecting all algebraic equations is; False
What is the source term in Algebraic Equations?
In the finite-element method of Analysis, we usually go from differential equations to a set of algebraic equations. Now, it is pertinent to note that each algebraic equation will tend to relate a nodal value with all other nodal values.
The assumed polynomial variation that will exist within each element is usually the basis for which we derive the algebraic equations. Thus, to derive the algebraic equations, we will have to assume a polynomial variation for the parameter values within each element.
The above can be done through interpolation of nodal parameter values in the post-processing stage. This is because the assumed polynomial variation within each element that is used for deriving the algebraic equations is also used for post-processing.
Finally, for each algebraic equation, the source term will tend to contribute to the coefficient that is taken to the right hand side of it and then entered into the corresponding row of the {f} vector.
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Complete Question is;
Select true or false.
The source term will affect all algebraic equations.
A.) True
B.) False
Python 5.18 lab
5.18 lab: adjust values in a list by normalizing when analyzing data sets, such as data for human heights or for human weights, a common step is to adjust the data. this adjustment can be done by normalizing to values between 0 and 1, or throwing away outliers.
for this program, adjust the values by dividing all values by the largest value. the input begins with an integer indicating the number of floating-point values that follow.
output each floating-point value with two digits after the decimal point, which can be achieved as follows:
print('{:.2f}'.format(your_value))
ex: if the input is:
5
30.0
50.0
10.0
100.0
65.0
the output is:
0.30
0.50
0.10
1.00
0.65
the 5 indicates that there are five floating-point values in the list, namely 30.0, 50.0, 10.0, 100.0, and 65.0. 100.0 is the largest value in the list, so each value is divided by 100.0.
Answers
In the given student question, Python 5.18 lab 0.50 refers to a Python exercise involving a list with five floating-point values. The list contains the following values: 30.0, 50.0, 10.0, 100.0, and 65.0. The largest value in this list is 100.0.
To solve this exercise, you need to divide each value in the list by the largest value, 100.0. This can be accomplished using a loop or list comprehension in Python. Here's an example of how you can perform this task using a list comprehension:
```python
values = [30.0, 50.0, 10.0, 100.0, 65.0]
largest_value = max(values)
normalized_values = [value / largest_value for value in values]
```
After executing this code, `normalized_values` will contain the result of dividing each element in the original list by the largest value, 100.0. The resulting list will be `[0.3, 0.5, 0.1, 1.0, 0.65]`.
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determine the expression of k in terms of a in order to achieve zero steady-state error to a unit step input. (10 points)
Answers
By setting the gain constant to 1, we can achieve zero steady-state error to a unit step input.
To achieve zero steady-state error to a unit step input, the value of the gain constant, "k," can be determined by considering the closed-loop transfer function of the system.
Let's assume the open-loop transfer function of the system is G(s), and the closed-loop transfer function is H(s). The closed-loop transfer function is given by:
H(s) = G(s) / (1 + G(s))
For a unit step input, the Laplace transform of the input is 1/s. The steady-state error, E(s), is given by the difference between the input and the output of the closed-loop system, which can be expressed as:
E(s) = 1/s - H(s) * 1/s
To achieve zero steady-state error, we need to make E(s) equal to zero. So, we set the expression for E(s) to zero and solve for G(s):
0 = 1/s - G(s) / (1 + G(s)) * 1/s
Simplifying the expression, we get:
0 = 1 - G(s) / (1 + G(s))
Solving for G(s), we get:
G(s) = 1
Therefore, the expression for the gain constant, k, in terms of a is:
k = 1
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When measuring Brake Drum, the Brake Micrometer is set to a Base Drum Diameter of 10 inches plus four notches
Answers
Answer:
Hope this helps ;) don't forget to rate this answer !
Explanation:
The base drum diameter is the diameter of the brake drum when it is brand new and has not been worn down by use. When using a brake micrometer to measure a brake drum, the instrument is set to a base drum diameter of 10 inches plus four notches. This means that the micrometer has been calibrated to measure brake drums with a diameter of 10 inches plus an additional four notches. The notches are used to account for wear on the brake drum and allow for accurate measurements even if the drum has been worn down from use.
For automobile engines, identify the best choice of motor oil.
A. High viscosity for Maine in the winter and low viscosity for Florida in the summer.
B. Low viscosity for Maine in the winter and low viscosity for Florida in the summer.
C. Low viscosity for Maine in the winter and high viscosity for Florida in the summer.
D. High viscosity for Maine in the winter and high viscosity for Florida in the summer.
E. It does not matter what the rating is for the motor oil.
Answers
Answer:
C. Low viscosity for Maine in the winter and high viscosity for Florida in the summer.
Explanation:
The choice of motor oil or engine oil depends on the type of engine and also on the type of climate on which the engine runs.
In winter climates, we should use oil with low viscosity as at lower temperatures, the it flows more readily if its viscosity is low.
But the summer season needs a relatively thicker oil so as to reduce the thinning effect of the oil out of the engine.
Thus for Maine in the winter season, we need a low viscosity oil and for Florida a high viscosity oil in the summer season.
Therefore, option (c) is correct.
(SI units) Molten metal is poured into the pouring cup of a sand mold at a steady rate of 400 cm3/s. The molten metal overflows the pouring cup and flows into the downsprue. The cross section of the sprue is round, with a diameter at the top = 3.4 cm. If the sprue is 20 cm long, determine the proper diameter at its base so as to main- tain the same volume flow rate.
Answers
Answer:
diameter of the sprue at the bottom is 1.603 cm
Explanation:
Given data;
Flow rate, Q = 400 cm³/s
cross section of sprue: Round
Diameter of sprue at the top \(d_{top}\) = 3.4 cm
Height of sprue, h = 20 cm = 0.2 m
acceleration due to gravity g = 9.81 m/s²
Calculate the velocity at the sprue base
\(V_{base}\) = √2gh
we substitute
\(V_{base}\) = √(2 × 9.81 m/s² × 0.2 m )
\(V_{base}\) = 1.98091 m/s
\(V_{base}\) = 198.091 cm/s
diameter of the sprue at the bottom will be;
Q = AV = (π\(d_{bottom}^2\)/4) × \(V_{base}\)
\(d_{bottom}\) = √(4Q/π\(V_{base}\))
we substitute our values into the equation;
\(d_{bottom}\) = √(4(400 cm³/s) / (π×198.091 cm/s))
\(d_{bottom}\) = 1.603 cm
Therefore, diameter of the sprue at the bottom is 1.603 cm
On the position time curve, if the slope of a tangent at a point is positive, that means:
A: The object is moving backward
B: The object is not moving
C: The object is moving forward
Answers
Answer:
C. the object is moving forward
Explanation:
A positive slope means position is increasing when time is increasing. Generally, increasing position is "moving forward."
Answer:
C. The object is moving forward
Now, you get a turn to practice writing a short program in Scratch. Try to re-create the program that was shown that turns the sprite in a circle. After you have completed that activity, see if you can make one of the improvements suggested. For example, you can try adding a sound. If you run into problems, think about some of the creative problem-solving techniques that were discussed.
When complete, briefly comment on challenges or breakthroughs you encountered while completing the guided practice activity.
Pls help im giving 100 points for this i have this due in minutes
Answers
Answer:
u need to plan it out
Explanation:
u need to plan it out
Answer:
use the turn 1 degrees option and put a repeat loop on it
Explanation:
u can add sound in ur loop
What is required when setting up a smart phone as a WIFI hotspot?
Answers
Go to Settings | Cellular | Personal Hotspot.
Tap the slider next to Allow Others to Join. ...
Your Wi-Fi Password will be shown right underneath the Allow Others to Join option. ...
Now, on another device, such as a laptop, go to the Wi-Fi section and search for nearby networks.
1) Describe the functions of the following pressure measuring devices: Barometer
2) Describe the functions of the following pressure measuring devices: U-Tube
Answers
The barometer is a device used to measure atmospheric pressure and can be used to predict weather changes. The U-tube is a device used to measure pressure in a container and it uses a liquid to measure the pressure difference between the two containers.
Barometer: A barometer is a pressure measuring instrument that is used to measure atmospheric pressure. Barometers may also be used to predict changes in the weather. It can be divided into two main categories: mercury barometers and aneroid barometers.A mercury barometer is made up of a glass tube that has been closed at one end. This end is then immersed into a container of mercury. When the pressure in the atmosphere rises, the mercury in the tube is pushed down and when the pressure falls, the mercury rises up in the tube. The height of the column of mercury is a measure of the atmospheric pressure.U-Tube: The U-Tube is another type of pressure measuring instrument. It consists of a U-shaped glass tube that is filled with a liquid, usually water. The tube is then connected to the container whose pressure is to be measured. When the pressure in one side of the tube increases, the liquid is pushed up in that side and down in the other side. The difference in height of the two columns of liquid is then a measure of the pressure difference between the two containers.
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What project is this ?
Answers
Answer:
a building project...
Explanation:
The most common times to perform a seasonal check on heating equipment are in the?
Answers
The most common times to perform a seasonal check on heating equipment are in the **fall** before the heating season begins and in the **spring** after the heating season ends.
Performing a seasonal check on heating equipment in the fall allows for early detection of any issues or malfunctions before the colder months when the heating system will be heavily relied upon. It involves inspecting and servicing components such as filters, burners, ignitors, thermostats, and ductwork to ensure they are clean, functioning properly, and ready for the heating season ahead.
Similarly, conducting a seasonal check in the spring helps assess the condition of the heating equipment after a prolonged period of use. This check ensures that the system is properly shut down for the warmer months and identifies any necessary maintenance or repairs that may be needed before the next heating season.
By performing seasonal checks in both the fall and spring, homeowners can maintain the efficiency, reliability, and safety of their heating equipment, extending its lifespan and avoiding potential heating emergencies during the colder months.
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Often, the properties of multiphase alloys may be approximated by the relationship
E(alloy) = EαVα + EβVβ
where E represents a specific property (modulus of elasticity, hardness, etc.) and V is the volume fraction. The subscripts α and β denote the existing phases or microconstituents. Employ the relationship above to determine the approximate Brinell hardness of a 99.81 wt% Fe–0.19 wt% C alloy. Assume Brinell hardnesses of 80 and 280 for ferrite and pearlite, respectively, and that volume fractions may be approximated by mass fractions.
Answers
The relationship can be used to calculate the Brinell hardness of a 99.81 wt% Fe-0.19 wt% C alloy.
Where E stands for a certain property and V is the volume fraction, the formula for alloy is E(alloy) = EV + EV.
The phases or microconstituents that already exist are denoted by the subscripts "and." A 99.81 wt% Fe-0.19 wt% C alloy has an approximate Brinell hardness of:
The volume fraction of each phase by mass fraction can be calculated using the alloy composition as a starting point.
wFe = 99.81 wt%, and wc = 0.19 wt%mfFe = wFe / (wFe + wc) = 99.81 / (99.81 + 0.19) = 0.9981mfc = wc / (wFe + wc) = 0.19 / (99.81 + 0.19) = 0.0019
Each phase's volume fraction can be roughly expressed as
Both V and m are equal. The modulus of elasticity for the alloy can be calculated using the equation E(alloy) = EV + EV as follows:
E(alloy)=EfVf + EpVp = 80 × 0.9981 + 280 × 0.0019E(alloy) = 79.85 + 0.532E(alloy) = 80.382 GPa
The Brinell hardness of the alloy can then be estimated using the following relationship:
Brinell hardness = 0.36 × E(alloy)
Brinell hardness = 0.36 × 80.382
Brinell hardness = 28.938
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select all that apply blank frequent compounding leads to a blank ear, all else equal. multiple select question. more; lower more; higher less; higher less; lower
Answers
A tuba's BO is lower than a flute's BO. The flute may also emit sound waves with this higher frequency as we know that a rise in pitch corresponds to an increase in frequency.
The pitch of a sound would depend on the frequency of something like the sound wave. The greater pitch of high-frequency sound waves allows them to be recognized from low sound waves. Frequency and pitch were not the same, despite their tight relationship. A quality that can be studied scientifically is frequency. It is impossible to quantify pitch because it is a subjective experience that each person has when listening to a sound wave. The general definition of viscosity is the measure of a fluid's resistance to change shape at a particular rate. When referring to liquids, it is equivalent to the more widely used term of "thickness." For instance, syrup has a higher viscosity than water.
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Technician a says kinetic friction changes kinetic energy into thermal energy. technician b says static friction holds the car in place when it is stopped. who is correct?
Answers
Technician a says kinetic friction changes kinetic energy into thermal energy. technician b says static friction holds the car in place when it is stopped. Both A and B are correct.
What is kinetic and static friction?In static friction, there is found to be some frictional force that tends to resists force that is known to be applied to an object, and the object will be at the same sport at rest until the force of static friction is known to be overcome.
In kinetic friction, the frictional force is one that tend to resists the movement of an object.
Therefore, Technician a says kinetic friction changes kinetic energy into thermal energy and technician b says static friction holds the car in place when it is stopped. Both A and B are correct.
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what is the condition for sampling frequency to reconstruct the information signal ?
Answers
A continuous time-varying 1-D signal is sampled by narrow sampling pulses at a regular rate fr = 1/T, which must be at least twice the bandwidth of the signal. At first, it may be somewhat surprising that the original waveform can be reconstructed exactly from a set of discrete samples.
A satellite at a distance of 36,000 km from an earth station radiates a power of 10 W from an
antenna with a gain of 25 dB. What is the received power if the effective aperture area of the
receiving antenna is 20 m2?
Answers
The received power if the effective aperture area of the receiving antenna is 20 m2 is 177.77 m2.
What is Power?In physics, power is referred to as the rate of energy conversion or transfer over time. The unit of power in the SI system, often known as the International System of Units, is the Watt (W). A single joule per second is one watt.
Power was formerly referred to as activity in some research. A scalar quantity is power. As power is always a function of labor done, it follows that if a person's output varies during the day depending on the time of day, so will his power.
A measure of the pace at which energy is transferred, power is a physical quantity. As a result, it can be described as the pace of job completion relative to time.
Therefore, The received power if the effective aperture area of the receiving antenna is 20 m2 is 177.77 m2.
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Which of the following is not a step in a building’s life cycle?
evaluation
maintenance
demolition
resource extraction
Answers
Answer:
resource extraction
Explanation:
common sense
John plans to deposit $1000 at the end of next year into an account that earns 10% year. Further, he estimates that his deposits will increase by $100 per year for only 10 years thereafter, then cease. The closest equivalent present worth is: less than $8,000 between $8,000−8,300 Between $8,300−$8,600 Higher than $8,600
Answers
The closest equivalent present worth of John's deposits is less than $8,000.
To determine the closest equivalent present worth of John's deposits, we need to calculate the present value of the cash flows he will make.
The deposit of $1000 at the end of the next year can be considered a future value (FV). We need to calculate its present value (PV) using the formula:
PV = FV / (1 + r)^n
Where:
FV = $1000
r = interest rate = 10% = 0.10
n = number of years = 1
PV = $1000 / (1 + 0.10)^1 = $909.09
Next, we calculate the present value of the increasing deposits of $100 per year for 10 years. These cash flows form an arithmetic progression with a common difference of $100.
Using the formula for the sum of an arithmetic progression, we can find the present value of these cash flows:
PV = (n/2) * (2a + (n-1)d)
Where:
n = number of terms = 10
a = first term = $100
d = common difference = $100
PV = (10/2) * (2*100 + (10-1)*100) = 5 * (200 + 9 * 100) = $5,500
Now, we can sum up the present values of both cash flows:
PV = $909.09 + $5,500 = $6,409.09
The closest equivalent present worth is between $8,000 - $8,300. Since the calculated present value is lower than $8,000, the closest equivalent present worth is less than $8,000.
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It is recommended to use a Poisson process to model the number of failures in commercial water
pipes, the estimates of the failure rate are given, in units of failures per 100 km of pipe per day,
Answers
A Poisson process is a statistical model that describes the occurrence of rare events over time or space. It is commonly used to model the number of failures in commercial water pipes.
One of the advantages of using a Poisson process to model the number of failures in commercial water pipes is that it allows for the calculation of the probability of multiple failures occurring within a given time period. For example, if the failure rate is estimated to be 1 failure per 100 km of pipe per day, the probability of two failures occurring in a 24 hour period can be calculated.
In addition, the Poisson process can be used to determine the expected number of failures over a given time period. For example, if the failure rate is estimated to be 1 failure per 100 km of pipe per day, the expected number of failures over a 30-day period would be 30 failures.
In conclusion, the Poisson process is a useful statistical model for estimating the number of failures in commercial water pipes. It allows for the calculation of the probability of multiple failures occurring within a given time period, as well as the expected number of failures over a given time period. However, it is important to consider the assumptions of the model and to be aware of potential sources of variation in the rate of failures over time.
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Fibonacci sequence (recursion) The Fibonacci sequence begins with O and then 1 follows. All subsequent values are the sum of the previous two, for example: 0,1,1,2,3, 5, 8, 13. Complete the fibonacci function, which takes in an index, n, and returns the nth value in the sequence. Any negative index values should return -1.
Answers
The Fibonacci sequence is a sequence of numbers where each number is the sum of the previous two numbers. It begins with 0 and 1, and all subsequent values are the sum of the previous two. To complete the fibonacci function, we can use recursion to find the nth value in the sequence.
Here is the code for the fibonacci function:
```
def fibonacci(n):
# If the index is negative, return -1
if n < 0:
return -1
# If the index is 0, return 0
elif n == 0:
return 0
# If the index is 1, return 1
elif n == 1:
return 1
# Otherwise, return the sum of the previous two values in the sequence
else:
return fibonacci(n-1) + fibonacci(n-2)
```
This function takes in an index, n, and returns the nth value in the Fibonacci sequence. If the index is negative, it returns -1. If the index is 0, it returns 0. If the index is 1, it returns 1. Otherwise, it returns the sum of the previous two values in the sequence by calling the fibonacci function with n-1 and n-2 as the arguments. This is an example of recursion, where the function calls itself with different arguments until it reaches the base case.
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what are the reasons why fine grained of alkali igneous rocks can not be used in cement
Answers
Fine grained of alkali igneous rocks cannot be used in cement because of the volume expansion caused by the Alkali-silica reaction, fine-grained igneous rocks cannot be used as aggregates in cement.
What does fine grained mean in an igneous rock?Extrusive igneous rocks have a fine-grained or aphanitic texture, with grains that are too small to see without a magnifying glass. The fine-grained texture suggests that the rapidly cooling lava did not have enough time to form large crystals. A petrographic microscope can be used to examine these tiny crystals.
The texture of an igneous rock (fine-grained vs coarse-grained) is determined by the rate at which the melt cools: slow cooling produces large crystals, while fast cooling produces small crystals.
The chemical reaction that occurs in both alkali cations and hydroxyl ions in the pore solution of hydrated cement paste and certain reactive silica phases present in concrete aggregates is known as the alkali-silica reaction (ASR).
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When you double the velocity, you _____ the kinetic energy.
Answers
Answer:
you quadruple the kinetic energy
why is tubing sometimes coiled when installed in a car or vechile
Answers
Answer:
Coiled tubing is often used to carry out operations similar to wire lining.
An OTR is selecting a wheelchair seating system for a child who has scoliosis secondary to spina bifida. Which feature should be considered FIRST for achieving optimal functional seating?
A. Width and placement of lateral trunk supports
B. Type and contour of the chair seat cushion
C. Position and stability of the pelvis in the chair
D. Configuration and attachment of chest harness
Answers
The first feature that should be considered for achieving optimal functional seating for a child who has scoliosis secondary to spina bifida is:
Option C. Position and stability of the pelvis in the chair.
Characteristics of a seat for a child with scoliosis secondary to spina bifida: The pelvis is the foundation of the seating system and provides a stable base for the trunk and extremities. Without proper positioning and stability of the pelvis, the child may have difficulty with functional activities and may experience discomfort or pain.
It is also important to consider the width and placement of lateral trunk supports (A), the type and contour of the chair seat cushion (B), and the configuration and attachment of chest harness (D) for optimal seating. However, these should be considered after the position and stability of the pelvis have been addressed.
In summary, the first feature to consider for achieving optimal functional seating for a child with scoliosis secondary to spina bifida is the position and stability of the pelvis in the chair.
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what is the risk value of a risk whose impact score is 5, whose probability score is 5 and whose detection score is 1?
Answers
The risk value of a risk whose impact score is 5, with a probability score is 5. The detection score is 25. The correct option is D.
What is the risk?The analysis's output, the risk score, is produced by dividing the Risk Impact Rating by the Risk Probability. It's the quantitative statistic that enables important individuals to decide about risks swiftly and with confidence.
Risk = probability x loss
The probability is 5
The impact score is 5
substituting the values in the equation
Risk = 5 x 5 = 25
Therefore, the correct option is D. 25.
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The question is incomplete. Your most probably complete question is given below:
A. 5
B. 1
C. 10
D. 25
a storage tank contains liquid with a density of 0.0361 lbs per cubic inch. the height of liquid in the tank is 168 feet. what is the pressure of the liquid at the bottom of the tank give your answer in psi
Answers
Answer:
Objects that float on water have densities less than the density of water; those that do not float on water have densisties greater than the density of water:
Float on water: d < 0.0361 lb/in³ (where d denotes denisity)
Do not float on water: d > 0.0361 lb/in³
Explanation:
I don't know if this works for it or not?
If you've wondered about the flushing of toilets on the upper floors of city skyscrapers, how do you suppose the plumbing is designed so that there is not an enormous impact of sewage arriving at the basement level?
Answers
Answer:
The plumbing is designed to reduce the impact of pressure forces due to the height of skyscrapers. This is achieves by narrowing down the pipe down to the basement, using pipes with thicker walls down the basement, and allowing vents; to prevent clogging of the pipes.
Explanation:
Pressure increases with depth and density. In skyscrapers, a huge problem arises due to the very tall height of most skyscrapers. Also, sewage slug coming down has an increased density when compared to that of water, and these two factors can't be manipulated. The only option is to manipulate the pipe design. Pipes in skyscrapers are narrowed down with height, to reduce accumulation at the bottom basement before going to the sewage tank. Standard vents are provided along the pipes, to prevent clogging of the pipes, and pipes with thicker walls are used as you go down the basement of the skyscraper, to withstand the pressure of the sewage coming down the pipes.