An n-type GaAs Gunn diode has following parameters such as Electron drift velocity Va=2.5 X 105 m/s, Negative Electron Mobility |un|= 0.015 m²/Vs, Relative dielectric constant &r= 13.1. Determine the criterion for classifying the modes of operation.
Answers
The classification of modes of operation for an n-type GaAs Gunn diode is determined by various factors. These factors include the electron drift velocity (Va), the negative electron mobility (|un|), and the relative dielectric constant (&r).
The mode of operation of an n-type GaAs Gunn diode depends on the interplay between electron drift velocity (Va), negative electron mobility (|un|), and relative dielectric constant (&r).
In the transit-time-limited mode, the electron drift velocity (Va) is relatively low compared to the saturation velocity (Vs) determined by the negative electron mobility (|un|). In this mode, the drift velocity is limited by the transit time required for electrons to traverse the diode. The device operates as an oscillator, generating microwave signals.
In the velocity-saturated mode, the drift velocity (Va) exceeds the saturation velocity (Vs). At this point, the electron velocity becomes independent of the applied electric field. The device still acts as an oscillator, but with reduced efficiency compared to the transit-time-limited mode.
In the negative differential mobility mode, the negative electron mobility (|un|) is larger than the positive electron mobility. This mode occurs when the drift velocity increases with decreasing electric field strength. The device operates as an amplifier, exhibiting a region of negative differential resistance in the current-voltage characteristic.
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Related Questions
Can someone please help me? If somebody pushes a cart with 4N of force and the cart moves a distance of 2 meters, how much work did they do?
Answers
Answer:
Work done, W = 8 J
Explanation:
We have,
Force acting on the cart is 4 N
Cart covers a distance of 2 m
We need to find the work done by the cart. Work done by an object is given in terms of force and displacement. It can be given by :
\(W=Fd\\\\W=4\ N\times 2\ m\\\\W=8\ J\)
So, the work done by the cart is 8 J.
two people are trying to push a refrigerator. one person is pushing at an angle that is parallel to the floor and 70° to the front plane of the refrigerator with a force of 400 n, and the other is pushing at an angle that is parallel to the floor and 110∘ to the front p
Answers
Answer: As friction force is less than the Resultant
force so they will be able to move the fridge
Explanation:
top view of fridge
Angle between forces B= 180- 70- (186-110 )
= 170 - 70 = 40 -
Resultant of forces .
R = 1 ( FOR + ( 82 ) 2 + 2 FIF2 COS B .
J (40B) " + ( 375 ) 2 + 2 x 400 * 375 x Cos 40 "
7 28 - 31 1 N .
() friction force = 600.
As friction force is less than the Resultant
force so they will be able to move the fridge
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There is 728.311N force acting on the front plane. while two individuals attempt to push a refrigerator. Pushing with a force of 400 N, one person is positioned with their back.
Angle between forces B= 180- 70- (186-110 )
= 170 - 70 = 40
R= \(\sqrt{(F1^{2} )+(F2^{2})+2F1F2cos\alpha }\)
Here F1= 400
F2=375
alpha = 40
Resultant of forces .
728 . 31 1 N
friction force = 600.
friction force.
The refrigerator can be moved since the friction force is smaller than the resultant force.
Force's Definition. When an object interacts with another object, it experiences a push or pull that is known as a force. Every time two things interact, a force is applied to each of them.
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How is electric correct different from static electricity? Why is a fuse an important device in an electrical circuit?
Answers
Static electricity represents charges without movement, while electric current represents charges in motion (electric flow).
The fuse is a component of electrical installations that is interrupted or melts when the current is excessive. Fuses are composed of a sheet or filament made of an alloy or metal that is characterized by a low melting point. This element is located at a strategic point in the electrical installation so that it melts if the intensity of the current exceeds a certain value. Thus, the fuse interrupts the current and safeguards the integrity of the conductors, minimizing the risk of fire or breakdown.
what would the electron orbits be if the initial velocity of the electrons was 45 deg to the magnetic field? assume the initial speed of the electrons is v
Answers
The electron orbits would be circular with a radius of
\(r = mv/( qB)\),
where v is the initial speed of the electrons and q is the charge of the electron, and the direction of the electron orbits would be perpendicular to the magnetic field and in the plane perpendicular to the initial velocity of the electrons.
The motion of a charged particle in a magnetic field is given by the Lorentz force equation:
\(F = qvB sin(θ)\)
where F is the force on the charged particle, q is the charge of the particle, v is the velocity of the particle, B is the magnetic field, and θ is the angle between the velocity of the particle and the magnetic field.
Since the force is perpendicular to the velocity, it causes the electrons to move in a circular path around the magnetic field. The radius of this circular path is given by:
\(r = mv/(qB)\)
where m is the mass of the electron.
Therefore, the electron orbits would be circular with a radius of
\(r = mv/(qB),\) where v is the initial speed of the electrons and q is the charge of the electron. The direction of the electron orbits would be perpendicular to the magnetic field and in the plane perpendicular to the initial velocity of the electrons.
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why do you think spiders are disliked
Answers
Answer:
it is called arachnophobia
Explanation:
most reason are they way they walk and jump and the people who know they have 4 eyes
Hope This Helped i Like Spiders (^^vv^^) (spider smiley face)
Answer:
why do you think spiders are disliked?The presence of body hair seems to be significantly associated with both fear and disgust of spiders (Davey, 1991). We suggest that the rationale for this perception (fear of hairiness) is that body hair (or fur) when standing up in many mammals occur when the animal is threatened.
Explanation:
Always remember:beluga always love answer your question by following these steps:Follow belugaask meBrainliest me first oktake note please: everyone i answer question I got happy:)please don't delete Your question beacause Brainliest Marks & pointswill be loseThe metric unit for weight force is _______ and the metric unit for force is ________.
A.kilograms; Newtons
B.Newtons; Newtons
C.Newtons; kilograms
D.Newtons; pounds
E.pounds; Newtons
Answers
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Because i used google and it gave me both of the answers in like 5 seconds
11. 2 cm of rain falls in 10 minutes. The rain fall
steady at the rate of 20 m/s. The average
pressure on ground if rain drops comes to rest
after impact is
(a) 0.067 N/m^2
(b) 0.67 N/m^2
(c) 6.7 N/m^2
(d) 67 N/m^2
Answers
Answer:
WP LA æ WI all all Eduardo whatever Cincinnati quips I was just wondering if you want to be a good day
OK I have tried answering this for a while but im not very good at this so, how many waves will pass in 1 second if it has a frequency of 10 Hz?
Answers
The function d(v) = 0.0067 v^2 + 0.15v can be used to determine the safe stopping distance, d(v), in metres for a car given its speed, v, in kilometres per house. determine the speed at which a car can be traveling in order to be able to stop at a distance of 24m. show your work and round your final answer(s) to the nearest meter.
Answers
Evaluate the function when d(v) = 24.
\(\begin{gathered} 24=0.0067v^2+0.15v \\ 0.0067v^2+0.15v-24=0 \end{gathered}\)Use the quadratic formula to find v.
\(v=\frac{-b\pm\sqrt[]{b^2-4ac}}{2a}\)Where a = 0.0067, b = 0.15, and c = -24.
\(\begin{gathered} v=\frac{-0.15\pm\sqrt[]{0.15^2-4\cdot0.0067\cdot(-24)}_{}}{2\cdot0.0067}=\frac{-0.15\pm\sqrt[]{0.6657}_{}}{0.0134} \\ v_1=49.7\cdot\frac{km}{hr}_{} \\ v_2=-72.1\cdot\frac{km}{hr} \end{gathered}\)Therefore, the car should travel at 49.7 km/hr.
We take the positive speed as the answer.
The question is in the picture please answer problem 8Thank you
Answers
According to the second law of Newton, the acceleration is directly proportional to the net force acting on the object:
\(F=m\cdot a\)From this formula, we can also see that the acceleration is inversely proportional to the mass: For the same force, if the mass increases, the acceleration decreases.
Therefore the correct option is d.
Name the two types of vaporization and explain the difference between them. Give one example of each.
Answers
Evaporation refers to only the surface level turning it into a gas and the vaporization pressure of the liquid remains low.
When a substance boils it’s pressure is high and the surface evaporated along with the rest of the liquid at an equal rate. A sign of boiling is the presence of bubbles, which occur only in the process of boiling and not in evaporation.
A example of boiling is heating water up to the point until you see steam and bubbles.
A example of evaporation is the melting of an ice cube.
Hope this helps
We have that for the Question "Name the two types of vaporization and explain the difference between them. Give one example of each. " it can be said that the types of vaporization are
EvaporationHere privatization of liquid will only happen at the surface of the liquid exclusion then other sections of the liquid
BoilingThis is is a phenomenon that occurs throughout the liquid
From the question we are told
Name the two types of vaporization and explain the difference between them. Give one example of each.
Generally
There are two types of vaporization , and they are
Evaporation BoilingEvaporation
Here privatization of liquid will only happen at the surface of the liquid exclusion then other sections of the liquid
BoilingThis is is a phenomenon that occurs throughout the liquid
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statistically speaking, who has the highest rates of victimization?
Answers
Statistically speaking, women have the highest rates of victimization.
Victimization refers to an individual's experience of being harmed or threatened with harm by another individual or group of individuals. The victimization rate is the number of individuals who have experienced victimization in a particular period divided by the total population. The data shows that women have the highest rates of victimization.
According to a 2018 report by the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS), women experience higher rates of violent victimization than men. The report found that the rate of violent victimization for women was 28.4 victimizations per 1,000 females, while for men it was 17.6 per 1,000 males.
Furthermore, women were more likely to be victims of intimate partner violence and sexual assault. Thus, statistically speaking, women have the highest rates of victimization.
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Find the kinetic energy of a body of mass 2 kg moving with a speed of 10 ms^-1 .
Answers
Question :-
Find the Kinetic Energy of a body of Mass 2 kg moving with a Speed of \( \bf{10 \: {ms}^{ - 1} } \) .Answer :-
Kinetic Energy is 100 Joule .Explanation :-
As per the provided information in the given question, we have been given that the Mass of the body is 2 kg . Speed of the body is given \( \bf{10 \: {ms}^{ - 1} } \) . And, we have been asked to calculate the Kinetic Energy .
For calculating the Kinetic Energy , we will use the Formula :-
\( \bigstar \: \: \boxed{ \sf{ \: Kinetic \: Energy \: = \: \dfrac{1}{2} \: \times \: {mv}^{2} \: }} \\ \)
Where ,
M denotes to the MassV denotes to the SpeedTherefore , by Substituting the given values in the above Formula :-
\( \longmapsto \: \: \sf{ Kinetic \: Energy \: = \: \dfrac{1}{2} \: \times \: {m \: \times \: v}^{2} } \\ \)
\( \longmapsto \: \: \sf{Kinetic \: Energy \: = \: \dfrac{1}{2} \: \times \: 2 \: \times \: {10}^{2} } \\ \)
\( \longmapsto \: \: \sf{Kinetic \: Energy \: = \: \dfrac{1}{2} \: \times \: 2 \: \times \: 100 } \\ \)
\( \longmapsto \: \: \sf{Kinetic \: Energy \: = \: \dfrac{1 \: \times \: 2 \: \times \: 100}{2}} \\ \)
\( \longmapsto \: \: {\textbf {\textsf {Kinetic \: Energy \: = \: 100 \: Joule }}} \)
\( \underline {\rule {180pt} {4pt}} \)
The kinetic energy of the body with the given value of mass travelling at the given speed is 100 Joules.
What is Kinetic Energy?Kinetic energy is simply a form of energy a particle or object possesses due to its motion.
It is expressed as;
K = (1/2)mv²
Where m is mass of the object and v is its velocity.
Given the data in the question;
Mass of the body m = 2kgVelocity v = 10ms⁻¹Kinetic energy of the train K = ?We substitute our given values into the above expression to determine the kinetic energy of the body.
K = (1/2)mv²
K = (1/2) × 2kg × (10ms⁻¹)²
K = 0.5 × 2kg × 100m²s⁻¹
K = 100kgm²s⁻¹
K = 100J
Therefore, the kinetic energy of the body with the given value of mass travelling at the given speed is 100 Joules.
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in the constellation orion the star betelgeuse has a color of 1.9, while the star bellatrix has a color of -0.2. which star is redder
Answers
In the Orion constellation, the star Betelgeuse has a color of 1.9 which is considered a red star whereas the Bellatrix star is bluish-white.
The Orion constellation is the most recognizable constellation and can be visible throughout the world. The Orion constellation has the brightest star in the sky and it is known as Betelgeuse. Betelgeuse is one of the luminaries of the Orion constellation and it is located at the upper left corners of the parallelogram of stars. Betelgeuse is the eighth brightest star in the night sky. It appears in a red-orange color.
Bellatrix is the star present in the Orion Constellation and it is the third brightest star in the Orion constellation. Bellatrix is the 26th brightest star in the entire night sky. The color of Bellatrix is bluish-white.
Thus, the Betelgeuse is the star with the color red.
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why mechanical energy system is constant
Answers
Answer:
Mechanical energy is constant and it remains the sum of the potential and kinetic energies in a system.
In the system, we have inverse relation between potential and kinetic energies so it will make mechanical equal
5. A bullet accelerates at 5.8 x 10 m/s from rest as it travels the 0.80 m of the
rifle barrel.
a
How long was the bullet in the barrel?
b. What velocity does the bullet have as it leaves the barrel?
Answers
Answer:
Below
Explanation:
d = 1/2 a t^2
.80 = 1/2 ( 5.8 x 10^?) t^2
( I think you left off the exponent...and acceleration has units m/s^2 ...not m/s)
t = .166 s
v = at = 58 x .166= 9.63 m/s
The gravitational force between two objects is
proportional to the products of the masses and
proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Answers
The complete question is;
The gravitational force between two objects is ______ proportional to the products of the masses and _______ proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Answer:
First dash is directly
Second dash is inversely
Explanation:
From Newton's law of gravitation the gravitational force is given by the equation;
F = GMm/r²
Where:
F is gravitational force
M and m are two masses representing the two objects
r is the distance between them
G = universal gravitational constant
Thus, if we are to write it in proportion format, we will have;
F ∝ Mm/r²
From this proportion relationship, we can see that the Gravitational force is directly proportional to the products of the two masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Answer:
DirectlyInverselyExplanation:
The gravitational force between two objects is directly proportional to the products of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
The sun is part of choose one or more: a. the solar system. b. the andromeda galaxy. c. the universe. d. the alpha centauri system. e. the milky way galaxy
Answers
The sun is part of the solar system, the universe, and the Milky Way galaxy.
In short, the solar system consists of the sun, along with the planets, moons, asteroids, and other celestial objects that orbit around it. The sun is at the center of our solar system, providing light, heat, and energy to all the planets.
Moving on, the universe is much larger than just our solar system. It encompasses everything that exists, including all the galaxies, stars, planets, and other matter and energy.
The sun is just one star among billions in the universe.
Lastly, the Milky Way galaxy is the large, spiral-shaped collection of stars, dust, and gas that contains our solar system. The sun is located in one of the spiral arms of the Milky Way.
The sun is part of the solar system, the universe, and the Milky Way galaxy.
It is a star that plays a vital role in our solar system, while also being a small part of the vast universe and the larger structure of the Milky Way galaxy.
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In the equation for newton’s second law, what does fnet stand for?.
Answers
Answer:
Fnet stands for m•a. Hope this helps!
Please help me. I'll mark brainiest
Answers
A parachute on a racing dragster opens and changes the speed of the car from 85 m/s to 45 m/s in a period of 4.5 seconds. What is the acceleration of the dragster?
please help me work it out, please don't give just the answer
Answers
The acceleration of the dragster is 8.89 m/s².
To find the acceleration, the given values are,
V₀ = 85 m/s
V = 45 m/s
What is acceleration?Acceleration is a rate of change of velocity with respect to time with respect to direction and speed.Acceleration formula can be written as,\(\overline{a} = \frac{v - v_0}{t} = \frac{\Delta v}{\Delta t}\)`
a = acceleration
v = final velocity
v₀= starting velocity
t = time
Acceleration is a vector quantity.The unit of acceleration is m/s².Substituting the given values in the formula,
a = (V-Vo)/time
= (45-85m/s)/4.5 s.
a = 8.89m/s².
Thus, the acceleration a of the dragster is 8.89 m/s².
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Question 2 options:
A ________ is an ability that allows you to perform a specific task effectively.
Answers
Answer: The answer is Skill
Explanation:
A disk initially rotating at 5 rad/s experiences a constant torque for 4 seconds that results in an angular acceleration of 2 rad/s². The
angular displacement of the disk during those 4 seconds is most nearly
Answers
The angular displacement of the disk during those 4 seconds is approximately 36 radians.
Given that the disk initially rotates at 5 rad/s and experiences a constant torque for 4 seconds, leading to an angular acceleration of 2 rad/s², we can determine the angular displacement during those 4 seconds using the following equation:
Δθ = ω₀t + 0.5αt²
Here, Δθ represents the angular displacement, ω₀ is the initial angular velocity, t is the time duration, and α is the angular acceleration.
Now, we can plug in the given values:
Δθ = (5 rad/s)(4 s) + 0.5(2 rad/s²)(4 s)²
Δθ = 20 rad + 0.5(2 rad/s²)(16 s²)
Δθ = 20 rad + 16 rad
Δθ = 36 rad
Therefore, the angular displacement of the disk during those 4 seconds is most nearly 36 radians.
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The angular displacement of the disk during those 4 seconds is most nearly 36 radians.
Given that the disk is initially rotating at 5 rad/s and experiences a constant torque for 4 seconds resulting in an angular acceleration of 2 rad/s², we can calculate the angular displacement during those 4 seconds using the following equation:
θ = ω₀t + (1/2)αt²
where θ is the angular displacement, ω₀ is the initial angular velocity (5 rad/s), α is the angular acceleration (2 rad/s²), and t is the time duration (4 seconds).
So, we can plug these values into the formula:
θ = (5 rad/s)(4 s) + (1/2)(2 rad/s²)(4 s)²
θ = 20 rad + (1 rad/s²)(16 s²)
θ = 20 rad + 16 rad
θ = 36 rad
Therefore, the angular displacement of the disk during those 4 seconds is approximately 36 radians.
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who was the fist man on moon
Answers
Answer:
Neil Armstrong
Explanation:
Answer:
Neil Armstrong.
Explanation:
. PLEASE GIVE BRAINLIEST.
A 0.15 kg baseball and a 7.25 kg bowling ball are both rolling along at 3 m/s. which object is easier to stop and why?
A) the bowling ball because it has less inertia
B) the baseball because it has more inertia
C) the bowling ball because heavy objects are naturally prone to stop their own
D) the baseball because it has less inertia
Answers
HURYY PLEASE
The processes that transform inputs to outputs are what part of a system?
the components
the surroundings
the flow
the boundary
Answers
A stretched wire adjusted to a length of 48cm produces the same note as a tuning fork whose frequency is 256Hz. If the wire is adjusted to 32cm, what frequency of the tuning fork would be in tune with the wire?
Answers
The frequency of the tuning fork would be in tune with the wire is 384Hz.
What does frequency mean?The rate at which current changes direction each second is known as frequency. One hertz (Hz), which is a unit of measurement used internationally, equals one cycle per second.
How frequently a periodic wave form or signal repeats itself at a specific amplitude is expressed as frequency. It can be measured in hertz, kilohertz, megahertz, etc.
Frequency of fundamental v = 1/2L \(\sqrt{T/M}\)
1st case 256 = 1/2×48 \(\sqrt{T/M}\) (1)
2nd case v = 1/2×32 \(\sqrt{T/M}\) (2)
dividing (2) by (1) we get,
v/256 = 2×48/2×32
v/256 = 96/64
v/256 = 1.5
v = 1.5×256
v = 384Hz.
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Galois drove 60.0 kilometers due west in 5.00 hours and then drove 43.0 kilometers due north in 3.00 hours.
(a) How far did he travel?
(b) What was his average speed?
(c) What was his displacement?
(d) What was his average velocity?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
See the attachment for the details. A right triangle is formed to find the hypotenuse of the two legs consisting of the actual driving distances and times. The hypotenuse gives the vector information for the displacement at the end of 8 hours of driving.
The individual driving times and distances are summed to provide:
(a) How far did he travel?
103 km
(b) What was his average speed?
12.88 km/h
(c) What was his displacement?
73.82 km
(d) What was his average velocity?
9.228 km/h
How fast would Keesha say the ball is traveling?
Simon is riding a bike at 12 km/h away from his friend
Keesha. He throws a ball at 5 km/h back to Keesha, who
is standing still on a sidewalk.
5 km/h
0 7 km/h
12 km/h
© 17 km/h
Answers
Answer:
B
Explanation:
just took the test
Answer:
b
Explanation:
if the ball hits you and bounces off your chest, so afterward it is moving horizontally at 8.0 m/s in the opposite direction, what is your speed after the collision?
Answers
Your speed after the collision cannot be determined from the given information. However, we know that the collision between you and the ball is an example of an elastic collision, which means that both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved. In an elastic collision, the total momentum of the system before the collision is equal to the total momentum of the system after the collision. This means that if the ball had an initial momentum of p before the collision, then the total momentum of the system before the collision was also p (assuming you were at rest). After the collision, the ball has a momentum of -p, so your momentum must be p in order to conserve momentum. However, we still don't know your speed after the collision because we don't know your mass. The final speed of an object after an elastic collision depends on both the mass of the object and its initial velocity, as well as the mass and initial velocity of the other object involved in the collision. Therefore, we need more information to determine your speed after the collision.
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After the collision, your speed would be 0 m/s.
This is because when two objects collide, the total momentum of the combined objects remains the same. This means that if the ball bounces off your chest, the momentum of the ball will be transferred to your body.
Thus, the ball will move in the opposite direction with the same magnitude of speed, 8.0 m/s, while your body will be left with 0 m/s. This is because the momentum of the ball is transferred to your body, but you do not have the same magnitude of speed as the ball had, thus your body is left with a speed of 0 m/s. Therefore, after the collision, your speed would be 0 m/s.
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