Amoeba Sisters Video Recap: DNA Replication // ANSWER KEY

Answer:

The three main cycles of an ecosystem are the water cycle, the carbon cycle and the nitrogen cycle. These three cycles working in balance are responsible for carrying away waste materials and replenishing the ecosystem with the nutrients necessary to sustain life.

Explanation:

None needed.

The selection index based on own performance is a useful tool for evaluating the potential response to selection for multiple traits.

A) A selection index is a technique used in animal breeding to identify the best breeding animals based on a selection of traits. This index is used to estimate the breeding value of an animal in a breeding program.

B) Economic values are used to assign relative economic importance to different traits in a breeding program. The predicted response, on the other hand, is the expected improvement in a trait due to selection for that trait. It is calculated by multiplying the selection differential by the heritability.

C) The economic weights are appropriate for the breeder’s goal since they reflect the breeder’s desire to increase weight while decreasing feed intake. A positive response for feed intake may be due to the genetic correlation between the two traits. Since the genetic correlation between weight and feed intake is positive, selection for weight will indirectly lead to an increase in feed intake.

D) To design an index such that there was no response for feed intake, the index would need to be designed so that it only selects animals based on their weight and not their feed intake. This would involve assigning a weight of zero to feed intake in the selection index. This would mean that only animals with the highest weight would be selected, regardless of their feed intake.

However, the economic weights used in the index should be appropriate for the breeder’s goal in order to maximize the desired response. In this case, the positive response for weight suggests that the economic weights used are appropriate, but the negative response for feed intake suggests that a different design may be necessary to achieve the breeder’s goal of increasing weight while reducing feed intake.

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Answer:

(C) Both parents

Explanation:

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PLS

The potential future effects of global climate change include more frequent wildfires, longer periods of drought in some regions, and an increase in the duration and intensity of tropical storms.

Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns. These shifts may be natural, but since the 1800s, human activities have been the main driver of climate change, primarily due to the burning of fossil fuels.

Symptoms of climate change are all around us: extreme weather, diminishing sea ice, year after year of record-breaking warmth, drought, fires, and stress to ecosystems.

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The grizzly bear has habitat requirements that overlap substantially with those of other endangered species. for this reason, the grizzly could best be classified as umbrella species.

In the field of biology, umbrella species can be described as a type of species or organisms that are important for the conservation of another species in an ecosystem.

A species that is on the verge of extinction or is an endangered species might be benefitting in some way from the umbrella species due to which umbrella species are important for the sustenance of the endangered species.

In the scenario mentioned in the question, as the grizzly bear resides in a habitat where it overlaps with endangered species, hence grizzly bears will be considered to be an umbrella specie.

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Answer:

oxygen, calcium or iron

Answer:

Bone Marrow

Explanation:

The inside of your bones is filled with a soft tissue called marrow. There are two types of bone marrow: red and yellow. Redbone marrow is where all new red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are made.

Answer:here are three main steps of cellular respiration: glycolysis; the citric acid (TCA) or the Krebs cycle; and the electron transport chain, where oxidative phosphorylation occurs. The TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation require oxygen, while glycolysis can occur in anaerobic conditions.

Glycolysis is the initial breakdown of glucose to pyruvate, a three carbon structure, in the cytoplasm. The pyruvate then moves into the mitochondrial matrix where a transition step called pyruvate oxidation takes place. In this process, pyruvate dehydrogenase converts the three-carbon pyruvate to the two-carbon acetyl-CoA. The TCA cycle begins when acetyl-CoA combines with a four-carbon oxaloacetate in order to form the six-carbon citrate. Because each molecule of glucose produces 2 pyruvate molecules, it takes two turns through the Krebs cycle to completely break down the original glucose.

Finally, the electron transport chain is a series of redox reactions powered by high energy electrons that pumps protons across the membrane, creating a proton gradient. Together, an electrochemical gradient is created. At the end of the electron transport chain, the final electron acceptor, O2, combines with protons to produce water (H2O). Meanwhile, ATP synthase uses the movement of protons back into the mitochondrial matrix for ATP synthesis.

Explanation:

The "Age" or "Developmental Stage" column in a dataset or table is probably the one that depicts the lemur's growth stages.

The age or developmental stage of individual lemur is generally recorded and examined by experts when researching the lemurs' growth stages. This knowledge contributes to our understanding of the growth and development of lemurs over their lifetime. There is typically a specified column in a dataset or table that records this data. Age or developmental stage could be listed in this column's labels.

Lemurs go through several growth stages according on the species, although they often go through stages like newborn, juvenile, subadult, and adult. Lemur infants normally rely on their mothers for care, but as they become older, they start to become more independent.

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Answer:

Estructuras subcelulares: Son los organelos celulares y las biomoléculas incluidas en cada uno de ellos , porque las sintetizan o las utilizan en la función que separadamente o en conjunto realizan. Ejemplos: ribosomas, mitocondrias y más. Una de las características de la materia viva es su capacidad de organizarse.

Answer:

Ribosomes

Explanation:

Ribosomes are the cel structures represented by B.

Answer:

Cell walls are structures that surround and protect the cells of some organisms. According to the web page context, cell walls can be found in:

Cell walls are not found in animals or most protists.

Answer: Luteinizing hormone,Testosterone and Follicle-stimulating hormone

Explanation:

The lutinizing hormone (LH) stimulates puberty when the hormone begins to be released from the pituitary gland. This causes estrogen to be released in females and testosterone in males. LH interacts with estrogen, testosterone, and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) to cause breast and penis development, pubic hair and auxillary hair growth, and voice change. Adrenal androgens also play a role, and only progesterone is involved in female development.

The serial dilution method is utilized to dilute bacterial samples to obtain cultures at desired concentrations. The dilution series is an integral part of most microbiology experiments.

In most cases, the initial concentration of the bacterial sample is unknown or too high, making it difficult to interpret the results of any assay that is performed. To achieve the desired concentration of the bacterial sample, a dilution series must be performed. Serial dilution involves systematically diluting a concentrated stock of a sample until it reaches a more manageable concentration. The method involves the stepwise dilution of a concentrated stock of a sample until the desired concentration is obtained.

The sample is first diluted by a known amount, usually a factor of ten, and then the next dilution is prepared from the previous one. The process is repeated until the desired concentration is obtained.

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Answer:

c: Persistence in the environment leading to biomagnificention

If two species of woodpeckers eat two different kinds of beetle larvae on pine trees in a forest, we would identify that as resource partitioning.

A species is both a unit of biodiversity and an organism's basic taxonomic classification in biology. A species is the largest collection of organisms in which any two people of the appropriate sexes or mating types can conceive a fertile offspring, typically through sexual reproduction. In addition, a species can be recognized by its karyotype, DNA pattern, anatomical features, behavioral traits, or ecological niche. Additionally, paleontologists employ the chronospecies concept because fossil reproduction cannot be investigated.

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The energy required to drive the synthesis of the majority of the ATP generated during aerobic respiration comes most directly from: the flow of protons through an ATP synthase complex.

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Deficiencies in lysosomal enzymes would have significant effects on phagocytes, including decreased levels of endocytosis, loss of the capability to digest bacteria, inability to package and modify materials composed of cells, and a decrease in ATP production.

(a) Lysosomal enzymes are crucial components of the lysosomes, which are responsible for the degradation and recycling of various cellular components, including foreign substances and pathogens, within phagocytes.

(b) Phagocytes are a type of immune cells, such as macrophages and neutrophils, that play a key role in engulfing and eliminating pathogens, such as bacteria, through a process called phagocytosis.

(c) Deficiencies in lysosomal enzymes would impair the phagocytes' ability to carry out their essential functions. Here's how:

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Answer:

The answer is option 1.

Explanation:

Adding catalyst will increase(speed up) the rate of reaction.

Rate of reaction increase :

temperature increases

pressure increases

adding enzyme(catalyst)

Answer:

D. Solid Ice Crystals

Explanation:

"Cirrus clouds are wispy, curly, or stringy. They are found high in the atmosphere—typically higher than 6,000 meters (20,000 feet)—and are usually made of ice crystals." -National Geographic

Climate, season, aspect, water levels, soil color, plant cover, and soil depth all affect soil temperature. The rate of chemical and biological activity will depend on the soil's temperature.

A thermometer inside an instrument shelter is almost always used to measure the temperature of the air close to the earth's surface. The temperature of the seawater closest to the atmosphere in oceanography.

The amount of water vapor in the air is known as humidity. The humidity will be high if there is a lot of water vapor in the atmosphere. It feels wetter outside as the humidity rises. Humidity is typically described as relative humidity on weather reports.

Your information is incomplete and an overview was given.

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Some bacteria form a capsule or slime layer around their cell wall in order to promote motility is false ,

Biofilms are made up of many cells and their outer barriers. Both capsules and slime layers serve fundamental tasks of protection and adhesion.

Many bacterial cells produce extracellular material in the form of a slime layer or a capsule. A slime layer is loosely connected to the bacteria and readily washed away, but a capsule is securely linked to the bacterium and has defined limits.

High molecular weight compounds, glycoproteins and glycolipids, released in the cell and secreted outside the cell, produce capsules and slime layers. These two layers protect the cell from desiccation and provide resistance to macrophage phagocytosis.

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Variable for both species, depending on environmental conditions. Therefore, option (C) is correct answer.

The plant-pollinator interaction is a mutually beneficial relationship, with both the plant and pollinator benefiting from each other. The pollinator visits the plant to feed on nectar or pollen and in turn, helps the plant in fertilization by carrying pollen from one flower to another. This interaction plays a vital role in the maintenance of ecological balance and biodiversity.

During environmental challenges, such as droughts, plants may adjust the length of their blooming period to maximize their own fitness, which indirectly affects the availability of nectar and pollen for pollinators. Thus, the net fitness effect of the plant-pollinator interaction varies depending on environmental conditions. Overall, this interaction is crucial for the survival of many plant and pollinator species, and any disruption to it could have significant ecological consequences.

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TLRs (Toll-like receptors) are a type of receptor protein found on the surface of various cells of the immune system that recognize molecules commonly found on the surface of microbes, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and peptidoglycan.

In particular, TLR4 is known to specifically recognize LPS, which is a component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. TLR4 is primarily found on the surface of immune cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells, which are responsible for detecting and responding to foreign pathogens. The TLR4 receptor is located on the surface of these immune cells, where it can bind to LPS molecules on the surface of invading bacteria and trigger an immune response. Thus, TLR4 plays a key role in the innate immune response to bacterial infections.

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When the nerve cell is said to be resting, it means that the cell is polarized, the outside is positive and the inside is negative.

What is a nerve cell? A nerve cell, also known as a neuron, is an electrically excitable cell in the nervous system that communicates with other cells through specialized connections called synapses. A nerve cell is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system in charge of carrying electrical impulses throughout the body.

What is polarization?Polarization is a term used to describe the separation of electrical charges across a cell membrane. A resting nerve cell is polarized, indicating that the electrical charge of the cell's interior is negative in comparison to the charge of the cell's exterior. The inside of the cell is negative in comparison to the outside, so the resting potential is negative. During resting, the membrane potential of a nerve cell ranges from -60 to -70 mV.

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Answer:

B. Organisms must replace damaged cells.

Explanation:

A plant that grows toward light shows a mechanism known as Phototropism.

Phototropism may be defined as the tropic movement of plants in response to light. In this case, light functions as a stimulus, and the plant expresses growth movement in the direction of the stimulus, that is light.  Phototropism is exhibited due to auxin which is a plant growth hormone.

Basically, the shoot of plants exhibits positive phototropism as it grows in the direction of light.  It is one of the many plant tropisms or movements which respond to external stimuli. Growth towards a light source is called positive phototropism, while growth away from light is called negative phototropism.

Therefore, a plant that grows toward light shows a mechanism known as Phototropism.

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Answer:

the answer is option B. both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A

External respiration is the moment of air in and out of the lungs .

The two main components of physiological respiration are internal and external respiration. External respiration, usually referred to as breathing, entails both taking in air and exhaling it into the atmosphere (exhalation). Internal respiration involves the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between blood arteries and cells.

After oxygenated air is inhaled through the nose or mouth, it travels down the pharynx, larynx, and trachea to start the respiratory process. Two bronchi, one of which leads into a lung, emerge from the trachea. Each bronchus splits into a pair of smaller tubes called bronchioles, and then another pair of even smaller tubes called bronchi. Gas exchange takes place in air sacs at the end of the bronchioles called alveoli.

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The sodium ions and potassium ions move between the plant cell and pond water by the process of diffusion.

Diffusion is the process by which substances move from region of high concentration to regions of low concentration.

Based on the chart, sodium ions and potassium ions move between the plant cell and pond water by the process of diffusion.

This is because the ions are at higher concentration in the pond water.

During the process, the ions move through ion channels in and out of the plant cell from the pond water.

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Answer:

None of the options is an accurate statement about foreign policy. Foreign policy refers to a government's strategy for dealing with other nations and international actors, and it can involve a range of activities, such as diplomacy, military action, and economic sanctions. Its democratic nature depends on the political system of the country in question and the degree of public involvement in foreign policy decision-making. The media may cover foreign policy extensively, but it is not necessarily the most heavily covered topic. Finally, while both domestic and foreign policies can be subject to democratic processes, the level of democracy in each may vary depending on the political context.

Explanation:

The following statement about foreign policy is correct:    Foreign policy, which is the set of political goals that a nation-state pursues in its relations with other states and international organizations, is less democratic than domestic policy, which is option D.

Foreign policy is generally considered to be less democratic than domestic policy because it involves interactions and negotiations between different nation-states and international organizations, rather than within a single nation-state. Foreign policy decisions are often made by a smaller group of government officials, such as the President and their advisors, who have more direct involvement in international affairs than the general public.

Foreign policy is also subject to less direct public input and influence than domestic policy. While domestic policy decisions are often made through a more participatory process that involves input from interest groups, public opinion, and democratic institutions like the legislature, foreign policy decisions are typically made through a smaller and more centralized decision-making process.

Hence, the following statement about foreign policy is correct: Foreign policy is less democratic than domestic policy, which is in Option D.

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An MRI can scan and detect scars used by MS that shows up as white patches, usually called lesions. A spinal tap You can remove and test the fluid in the spine through spinal taps to test for MS.