aluminum reacts with chlorine gas to form aluminum chloride according to the balanced equation . in a certain experiment, 10.0 g of aluminum is reacted with 35.0 g of chlorine gas. what mass of aluminum chloride will be produced, assuming a complete reaction?

The standard Gibbs free energy change (ΔG°) for the reaction A+B⟶2C at 298 K is 411.1 kJ/mol.

To ascertain the standard Gibbs free energy change (ΔG∘) of the response, we can utilize the accompanying condition:

ΔG∘ = ΔH∘ - TΔS∘

Where ΔH∘ and ΔS∘ are the standard enthalpy and entropy changes, separately, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.To start with, we really want to decide the standard enthalpy change (ΔH∘) for the response A+B⟶2C.

Since we are given the standard enthalpy changes for the arrangement of D, we can utilize them to work out the enthalpy change for the converse response:

2D ⟶ A+B ΔH∘ = - 661.1 kJ

By switching the response, the indication of the enthalpy change likewise changes.

A+B ⟶ 2D ΔH∘ = 661.1 kJ

Then, we want to decide the standard entropy change (ΔS∘) for the response A+B⟶2C. We can utilize the accompanying condition:

ΔS∘ = ΣnS∘(products) - ΣmS∘(reactants)

Where n and m are the stoichiometric coefficients of the items and reactants, individually.

A+B ⟶ 2C ΔS∘ = ?

From the given data, we know:

ΔS∘(D) = - 242.0 J/K

Since the stoichiometric coefficients for the arrangement of D are 1, we can straightforwardly utilize the worth of ΔS∘(D) in the above condition:

ΔS∘ = 2ΔS∘(C) - ΔS∘(A) - ΔS∘(B)

ΔS∘ = 2(ΔS∘(D)/1) - ΔS∘(A) - ΔS∘(B)

ΔS∘ = 2(- 242.0 J/K) - 0 - 0

ΔS∘ = - 484.0 J/K

Presently, we can utilize the above values to compute the standard Gibbs free energy change (ΔG∘) for the response A+B⟶2C:

ΔG∘ = ΔH∘ - TΔS∘

ΔG∘ = (661.1 kJ) - (298 K)(- 484.0 J/K)

ΔG∘ = 809.3 kJ

Accordingly, the standard Gibbs free energy change (ΔG∘) for the response A+B⟶2C at 298 K is 809.3 kJ.

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Answer:

a star is like the sun a burning ball of gas that gives light to the outer space.

Explanation:

Answer:

It is a ball burning gas

Explanation:

It is basically hydrogen and helium that bump into each other at a very high speed and temperature and that causes it to burn

Hope it helps :-)

Answer:

Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in a substance or an object. The basic SI unit for mass is the kilogram (kg), but smaller masses may be measured in grams (g). To measure mass, you would use a balance.

Subscript of \(H_2\) is number indicating that \(H_2\) contains two hydrogen atoms.

A subscript is a character that is printed slightly below and to the side of another character, commonly a letter or a number.

Chemists frequently employ subscripts in their formulations. When writing the chemical formula for water, H2O, a scientist would place the number 2 lower and smaller than the letters to either side of it.

To display the number of electrons in a specific sublevel, use superscripts.

Thus, the subscript of hydrogen represents the number of atoms.

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Answer:

(CH3COO)2 + redP + Cl2 → ClCH2COOH + HCl

Explanation:

This is an example of halogenation of carboxylic acids at alpha carbon atom. In this reaction, red phosphorus and chlorine are treated with carboxylic acids having alpha hydrogen atom followed by hydrolysis to form alpha chloro carboxylic acid.

To prepare a final solution of 20 cc with 1% lidocaine and epi 1:150,000, you would need to combine 0.13 cc of 4% Xylocaine, 5 cc of 1:1000 epi, and 14.67 cc of diluent (such as saline) in the final solution.

To calculate the required amounts of each component, we need to consider the desired concentrations and the available concentrations of the drugs.

Desired concentration of lidocaine = 1%

Desired concentration of epi = 1:150,000

Volume of the final solution = 20 cc

the desired amount of lidocaine in the final solution is:

(1/100) * 20 cc = 0.2 cc

Next, let's calculate the amount of epi needed:

1:150,000 epi means there is 1 part of epi in 150,000 parts of the solution. So the desired amount of epi is:

(1/150,000) * 20 cc = 0.0001333 cc (approximated to 0.13 cc)

Since the available concentration of epi is given as 1:1000, which means there is 1 part of epi in 1000 parts of the solution, we can directly take 0.13 cc from the vial

To determine the amount of 4% Xylocaine needed, we can use the equation:

(amount of drug) / (final volume) = (desired concentration) / (available concentration)

(amount of Xylocaine) / 20 cc = 1% / 4%

(amount of Xylocaine) = (20 cc) * (1% / 4%) = 5 cc

Finally, the remaining volume of the final solution should be made up of a diluent, such as saline, to reach the total volume of 20 cc:

(amount of diluent) = (20 cc) - (0.2 cc + 0.13 cc + 5 cc) = 14.67 cc

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this is the answer hope it helps you

Answer:

energy

Explanation:

it is required energy to remove an electron from an atom

Answer:

D

Explanation:

Gibb's free energy change(∆G) and Standard electrode potential of electrochemical (Ecell) determine the spontaneity of a reaction.

when ∆G > 0, the reaction is not spontaneous

∆G < 0, the reaction is spontaneous

∆G = 0, the reaction is in equilibrium

when Ecell > 0, the redox reaction is spontaneous

Ecell < 0, the redox reaction is not spontaneous

Ecell = 0, the redox reaction is in equilibrium.

ΔH < 0 contributes to spontaneity.

We can determine it by calculating Gibb's free energy.

It is calculated by the formula:

ΔG = ΔH - TΔS

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Answer:

molecular so number 3. ...

The chemical formula for the compound containing 8.6 mol of sulfur and 3.42 mol of phosphorus is P₂S₅

From the question given above, the following data were obatined:

The chemical formula of the compound can be obtained as follow:

Divide by their molar mass

S = 8.6 / 32 = 0.26875

P = 3.42 / 31 = 0.11032

Divide by the smallest

S = 0.26875 / 0.11032 = 2.44

P = 0.11032 / 0.11032 = 1

Multiply by 2 to express in whole number

S = 2.44 × 2 = 5

P = 1 × 2 = 2

Thus, the chemical formula is P₂S₅

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Answer:

But when there is too much phosphorus and nitrogen into water systems, it can speed up the process of eutrophication ( increase in the concentration of minerals and nutrients, which enhances the growth of algae, which causes algal blooms). Due to this, dissolved oxygen level is declined as not enough light penetrates in the water body.

Explanation:

Answer:

Magnetic separation

Sawdust is a non-magnetic material whereas iron shavings are magnetic. When a magnet is brought near a mixture of iron shavings and sawdust, the iron shavings will be attracted to the magnet while the sawdust will not. Thus, the iron shavings will be separated from the sawdust.

Explanation:

Separation techniques makes use of the differences in the properties of components of mixtures to separate theses components, one from another.

In a moxturemof iron shavings and sawdust, a suitable separation technique would be the use of magnetic separation.

The use of this separation technique is abasednonnthe principle that when a magnetnis brought near to a mixture containing magnetic and non-magnetic materials, the magnetic materials will be separated from the non-magnetic materials due to their attraction to the magnet. Sawdust is a non-magnetic material whereas iron shavings are magnetic. When a magnet is brought near a mixture of iron shavings and sawdust, the iron shavings will be attracted to the magnet while the sawdust will not. Thus, the iron shavings will be separated from the sawdust.

The land that supplies water to a river system is called a watershed, while pollution from a single, identifiable source is known as point source pollution. On the other hand, pollution that is difficult to link to a specific origin is referred to as non-point source pollution.

a) The land that supplies water to a river system is called a watershed. It is an area of land where all the water that falls or flows into it drains to a common point, such as a river, lake, or ocean. Watersheds play a crucial role in maintaining the health and quality of water resources by regulating the flow of water and filtering out pollutants.

b) Pollution from a single, identifiable source is known as point source pollution. This type of pollution can be traced back to a specific location, such as a factory, sewage treatment plant, or oil spill. Point source pollution can be easier to identify, monitor, and regulate compared to other forms of pollution.

c) Pollution that is difficult to link to a particular origin is called non-point source pollution. This type of pollution is caused by the cumulative effect of numerous, often dispersed activities, making it challenging to pinpoint a single source. Non-point source pollution includes contaminants carried by runoff from urban areas, agricultural fields, and chemical factories. It poses a significant challenge in terms of management and mitigation due to its diffuse nature.

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Organic chemistry have a wide variety from compounds of the presence of two elements namely

The main variety of compounds exists in the combination of carbon and hydrogen forming hydrocarbons which are the basis of life and present in cells  making them virtually everywhere around us.

 Organic molecules in itself comprises of multiple chains of carbon atoms with different  lengths and because of the ability of carbon to bond with many elements, This produces  a variety of compounds which no other atom or element can.

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Answer:

D. 11.0g

Explanation:

The principle of mass conservation states that for a closed system (Such as a sealed container), the mass of the system will remain constant in the time. That is the mass can't be created or destroyed.

As in the experimet you are adding 5.0g of one reactant and 6.0g of another reactant, the mass of your reaction will be 11.0g although a reaction occurs in the container.

Right answer is:

Answer:

11.0g

Explanation:

The solvent we use for extraction is diethyl ether and the solvent we use for the recrystallization is acetone.

Trimyristin is more soluble in diethyl ether rather than in acetone. In order to get extracted from the nutmeg, Trimyristin has to be soluble in the solvent.

Why is Trimyristin more soluble in diethyl ether?

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Lithium is the element that reacts more vigorously with water to produce hydrogen gas.

Explanation: The reactivity of metals with water is referred to as "metal-water reaction." Hydrogen gas is produced when a metal reacts with water. Lithium, which is an alkali metal, is highly reactive and will react with water at normal temperatures; hence, it is the most reactive of the alkali metals. Beryllium, on the other hand, does not react with water because its surface is protected by an oxide layer formed by air. The reaction of lithium with water produces a white solid compound known as lithium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. The reaction equation is as follows: 2Li(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2LiOH(aq) + H2(g)The reaction is highly exothermic and releases a lot of heat. As a result, the hydrogen produced may ignite, and the reaction may become explosive. This makes lithium highly reactive with water, producing hydrogen gas as well as fire. This is the reason why lithium metal is usually stored in oil to protect it from the water vapor present in the atmosphere.

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The charge on the potassium ion is 1+. So, Option A is the correct answer from the given options.

We must ascertain the charge carried by the potassium ion.

Being a group 1 element, potassium will produce an ion with a positive charge.

Since potassium achieves an extremely stable noble gas electrical structure after losing one electron, this element possesses a steady +1 valency.

As a result, the potassium ion has a 1+ charge. The right response from the available alternatives is thus Option A.

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38 grams of NaCl can dissolve in 100 grams of H2O at 70oC, while 130 grams of CaCl2 can dissolve in 200 ml of H2O at 10oC. Solubility is defined as the amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature and pressure.

As a result, when calculating solubility, it is important to consider the temperature and amount of solvent used.NaCl is the solute, while H2O is the solvent, in the first scenario. The question asks for the quantity of NaCl that can dissolve in 100 g of H2O at 70oC. The solubility of NaCl in water varies with temperature.

As the temperature increases, the solubility of NaCl in water also increases, allowing more NaCl to dissolve in the same amount of water.At 70oC, the solubility of NaCl in H2O is 38 g/100g of water.

As a result, 38 grams of NaCl can dissolve in 100 grams of H2O at 70oC.In the second scenario, CaCl2 is the solute, and 200 ml of H2O is the solvent. At 10oC, the solubility of CaCl2 in H2O is 74.5 g/100 ml.

As a result, the maximum quantity of CaCl2 that can dissolve in 200 ml of H2O at 10oC is 2 x 74.5 g, which is 149 grams.

However, the question asks for the maximum amount of CaCl2 that can dissolve in 200 ml of H2O at 10oC, which is 130 grams. As a result, this quantity is lower than the maximum solubility of CaCl2 in H2O at 10oC, which is 149 grams. Therefore, 130 grams of CaCl2 can dissolve in 200 ml of H2O at 10oC.

To summarise, 38 grams of NaCl can dissolve in 100 grams of H2O at 70oC, while 130 grams of CaCl2 can dissolve in 200 ml of H2O at 10oC. The quantity of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent is defined as solubility, which varies with temperature. As the temperature rises, the solubility of most substances in water increases, allowing more of them to dissolve in the same amount of water.

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When copper replaces graphite as the anode, it results in a change in chemistry because the copper oxidizes, releasing electrons.

What is electron?
The elementary electric charge of the electron is a negative one, making it a subatomic particle. Due to their lack of components or substructure, electrons, which are part of the lepton particle family's first generation, are typically thought to be elementary particles. The mass of an electron is roughly 1/1836 that of a proton. The electron has a half-integer intrinsic angular momentum (spin) that is expressed in terms of the reduced Planck constant,, among its quantum mechanical properties. Since electrons are fermions, the Pauli exclusion principle which states that no two electrons can be in the same quantum state.

When copper replaces graphite as the anode, it results in a change in chemistry because the copper oxidizes, releasing electrons. This oxidation reaction is the basis of electrochemical energy conversion in a battery. However, when copper replaces graphite as the cathode, there is no change in chemistry because no oxidation or reduction reactions take place. The electrons simply flow through the copper to the anode, where they are combined with oxygen to form water.

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The wavelength of the n=1 to n=2 transition for helium is approximately 30.4 nm.

The wavelength of the n=1 to n=2 transition for hydrogen is at 121.6 nm. To determine the wavelength of the same transition for helium with one electron, we can use the Rydberg formula:

\(\(\frac{1}{\lambda} = R \left(\frac{1}{n_1^2} - \frac{1}{n_2^2}\right)\)\)

where:

- \(\(\lambda\)\)is the wavelength of the transition

- R is the Rydberg constant

- \(\(n_1\) and \(n_2\)\)are the principal quantum numbers of the initial and final energy levels, respectively.

For the hydrogen transition (n=1 to n=2), we can substitute \(\(n_1 = 1\) and \(n_2 = 2\)\) into the formula and solve for \(\(\lambda\)\):

\(\(\frac{1}{\lambda_H} = R \left(\frac{1}{1^2} - \frac{1}{2^2}\right)\)\)

Solving this equation gives us \(\(\lambda_H = 121.6\)\)nm.

Now, for helium, we know that it has two electrons. Therefore, we need to consider the effective nuclear charge experienced by the electron in the n=2 energy level. This results in a slightly different value for the Rydberg constant, denoted as\(\(R^*\).\) The value of\(\(R^*\)\) is approximately 4 times larger than\(\(R\)\). Thus, we can use the equation:

\(\(\frac{1}{\lambda_{He}} = R^* \left(\frac{1}{1^2} - \frac{1}{2^2}\right)\)\)

Substituting the values, we find:

\(\(\frac{1}{\lambda_{He}} = 4R \left(\frac{1}{1^2} - \frac{1}{2^2}\right)\)\)

Simplifying this equation gives us\(\(\lambda_{He} = \frac{\lambda_H}{4} = 30.4\) nm.\)

Therefore, the wavelength of the n=1 to n=2 transition for helium is approximately 30.4 nm.

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THE MOLECULE HAS A C=C AND AN -OH GROUP, SO IT IS CALLED AN ENE/OL, I.E., AN ENOL. ENOLS CAN BE FORMED ONLY FROM CARBONYL COMPOUNDS WHICH HAVE ALPHA HYDROGENS. THEY CAN BE FORMED BY ACID OR BASE CATALYSIS, AND ONCE FORMED ARE HIGHLY REACTIVE TOWARD ELECTROPHILES, LIKE BROMINE.

Answer:

If the speed is increasing, the car has positive acceleration. When the car slows down, the speed decreases. The decreasing speed is called negative.

The bond order for a second-period diatomic particle containing five electrons in antibonding molecular orbitals and eight electrons in bonding molecular orbitals is 1.5

Bond order is defined as the number of electrons in bonding molecular orbitals minus the number of electrons in antibonding molecular orbitals divided by two. As a result, we may determine the bond order of this diatomic particle by the formula: Bond order = (number of bonding electrons - number of antibonding electrons) / 2

Bond order = (8 - 5) / 2

Bond order = 1.5.

This diatomic molecule, according to the bond order, is a stable molecule since the bond order is greater than 1, indicating that it is a double bond. The molecule has an overall bond strength that is greater than a single bond, but not as strong as a triple bond. So therefore he bond order for a second-period diatomic particle containing five electrons in antibonding molecular orbitals and eight electrons in bonding molecular orbitals is 1.5

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The strong acid and strong base has high rate constant of dessociation. Weak acid and base are the one whose rate constant for the dissociation is low, they do not dissociate readily in water. Therefore, the correct option is option A.

Acid is a solution which releases H⁺ hydrogen ion when dissolved in water. Base are the solution which releases hydroxide ion OH⁻ ion when dissolved in water.

The balanced equation is

H₂PO\(_4\)+H₂O → H\(_3\)O+ + HPO\(_4\)²-

H₂PO\(_4\) is a acid and if we remove one hydrogen ion from this then we get an anion called conjugate base. The pair is called acid base conjugate pair. H₂O is acid over here and if we give one hydrogen ion to this then the cation that we will get is called conjugate acid. The pair is called base conjugate acid pair.

Therefore, the correct option is option A.

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Svante Arrhenius theory suggests that in order for a substance to release either H+ or OH- ions, it must contain that particular ion. However, this does not explain the weak base ammonia (NH3), In Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theory, acids are defined as proton donors; whereas bases are defined as proton acceptors.

With the chemical formula NH3, ammonia is a nitrogen and hydrogen inorganic compound. Ammonia is a colorless gas with a strong, pungent odor.

It is a stable binary hydride and the most basic pnictogen hydride. In terms of biology, it is a typical nitrogenous waste, especially among aquatic organisms, and it significantly contributes to the nutritional requirements of terrestrial organisms by acting as a precursor to 45 percent of the world's food and fertilizers.

Approximately 70% of ammonia is used to create fertilizers, including urea and diammonium phosphate, in a variety of shapes and compositions. Additionally, pure ammonia is sprayed onto the ground.

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The partial pressure of fluorine (\( F_{2}\)) in the vessel is 2.0. The correct option to this question is B.

To find the partial pressure of fluorine, we need to add up the partial pressures of all the gases in the vessel.

Partial pressure of \( N_{2}\) = 1.2 atm

Partial pressure of \( F_{2}\) = 2.0 atm

Partial pressure of \( H_{2}\) = 1.0 atm

Adding these together gives us a total pressure of 4.2 atm. However, we know that the total pressure of the vessel is actually 5.5 atm. This means that there must be some additional gas in the vessel that we haven't accounted for.

To find the partial pressure of fluorine, we can subtract the partial pressures of nitrogen and hydrogen from the total pressure:

Total pressure = partial pressure of \( F_{2}\) + partial pressure of \( F_{2}\) + partial pressure of \( H_{2}\)

5.5 atm = 1.2 atm + partial pressure of \( F_{2}\) + 1.0 atm

Solving for partial pressure of F2:

partial pressure of \( F_{2}\) = 5.5 atm - 1.2 atm - 1.0 atm

partial pressure of \( F_{2}\) = 3.3 atm

Therefore, the partial pressure of fluorine \( F_{2}\) in the vessel is 2.0 atm.

The correct answer is B) 2.0 atm.

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