A structural component is fabricated from an alloy that has a plane-strain fracture toughness of 62 MPa√m. It has been determined that this component fails at a stress of 250 MPa when the maximum length of an internal crack is 1.6 mm. What is the maximum allowable internal crack length (in mm) without fracture for this same component exposed to a stress of 250 MPa and made from another alloy that has a plane strain fracture toughness of 40 MPa√m?
Answers
Answer:
0.67 mm
Explanation:
Solution:
We find the dimensionless parameters by applying the critical stress crack propagation formula stated below:
σс= Klc/Y√πa
Y = Klc/σс √πa
σс = this is the critical stress needed for initial cracking propagation
Klc = the plain stress fracture toughness
a = surface length of the crack
Y = the dimensionless parameter
Now, we substitute the values 62MPa√m for Klc, 250 MPa for σс and 1.6 * 10 ^⁻3 for a in the dimensionless parameter equation.
Thus,
Y = Klc/σс √πa
= 62/250(√π * 1.6* 10 ^⁻3)
= 3.492
The next step is to find the maximum permitted surface crack length by applying the critical stress crack propagation equation given below:
σс= Klc/Y√πa
a= 1/π (Klc/Yσс)²
Now, substitute 40 MPa√m for Klc, 250 MPa for σс and 3.492 for surface length crack equation
So,
a= 1/π (Klc/Yσс)²
= 1/π[40/3.492 * 250]²
=1/π[40/873]²
=1/π[0.0458]²
0.318[0.0458]²
=0.318[0.00209]
= 0.0066
0.67* 10 ^⁻3 m
= 0.67 mm
Therefore the maximum surface crack length produced is 0.67 mm
Related Questions
3. Which of the following statements is false?
a. The condenser is normally mounted just in front of the radiator.
b. The receiver/dryer is a storage tank for the liquid refrigerant from the condenser.
c.An accumulator is not used in a system with a receiver/dryer.
d All of the above
Answers
Answer: c.An accumulator is not used in a system with a receiver/dryer
Explanation:
In a refrigeration system, a condenser is used to transfer heat and this occurs from the refrigerant to the air or water.
Then, the refrigerant then condenses to liquid when the hear has been transferred.
We should note that the condenser is normally mounted in front of the radiator. The receiver/dryer is a storage tank for the liquid refrigerant from the condenser.
The statement that an accumulator is not used in a system with a receiver/dryer is not true. This is because, the accumulator gives protection to the compressor which helps to prevent the failure of the compressor.
Therefore, the answer is C.
Employees cannot be held legally responsible for an environmental violation.
Answers
Answer:
It does not take into consideration what the responsible party knew about the law or regulation they violated. Environmental criminal liability is triggered through some level of intent.
In regards to whether an employee can be held legally liable for environmental violations, this statement is False.
Environmental ViolationsThese are offences against existing environmental laws. Apply to those who commit it and those who willfully ignored the crime.This means that if an employee notices that a company is responsible for environmental violations, and does nothing about it, they could be held legally responsible for the violation as well.
In conclusion, this is true.
Find out more on environmental violations at https://brainly.com/question/15119899.
The brain is our center for
a) Learning
b) Excreting wastes
c) Absorbing nutrients
Answers
Answer:
A)
Explanatio
el cerebro es como un disco duro en el que guardas informasion
the three individual navigation services provided by a vortac facility are
Answers
The three individual navigation services provided by a VORTAC facility are as follows:VOR (Very High-Frequency Omnidirectional Range)DME (Distance Measuring Equipment)TACAN (Tactical Air Navigation).
A VORTAC facility is a ground-based radio navigation aid that provides aircraft with directional guidance.The term "VORTAC" refers to the combination of two navigation aids:VOR (Very High-Frequency Omnidirectional Range)TACAN (Tactical Air Navigation)A VORTAC provides three separate navigation services: VOR (Very High-Frequency Omnidirectional Range), DME (Distance Measuring Equipment), and TACAN (Tactical Air Navigation).
Each navigation aid uses a different type of radio signal to provide pilots with the information they need to navigate.A VOR provides azimuth (directional) information to the aircraft. It is based on the principle of measuring the phase difference between two signals transmitted from the ground station.
A VOR provides a 360-degree coverage around the station.DME (Distance Measuring Equipment) is an additional component of a VOR/TACAN that provides pilots with slant range distance information from the aircraft to the ground station.
TACAN (Tactical Air Navigation) is a military navigation aid that provides both azimuth and distance information. It is similar to a VOR/DME, but uses a different type of signal. TACAN provides both azimuth (directional) and distance (range) information to the aircraft.
For more such questions navigation,Click on
https://brainly.com/question/30633995
#SPJ8
Most technicians install rebuilt or new power steering pumps rather than overhauling the defective unit in the shop. True or False?
Answers
Answer:
Most technicians install rebuilt or new power steering pumps rather than overhauling the defective unit in the shop.
True
Explanation:
It has been established that most technicians, instead of overhauling the defective power steering pumps, prefer to install rebuilt or revamped pumps or even new pumps when they could have overhauled the unit themselves. Some are afraid that leakage could occur again. They are not confident enough to do the overhauling in-house or some claim that they do not have the time and other tools to carry out the overhauling. Acknowledgedly, overhauling a power steering pump is not a job for the novice. They require experienced and skilled hands to do the hard work.
two technicians are describing how an air-conditioning system gets rid of the heat. Technician A says that heat always flows from the hotter to the colder object. Technician B says that as refrigerant evaporates, it absorbs heat as it changes from a liquid to a gas. which technician is correct?
Answers
Based on the information provided by these technicians, both of them are correct.
How does heat flow?According to heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC), heat in an air-conditioning system generally flows from the hotter object to the colder object.
As the refrigerant evaporates in a small radiator-type unit (evaporator), it absorbs heat as it changes phase from liquid to gas. Also, as the heat is being absorbed by the refrigerant, the small radiator-type unit (evaporator) becomes cold.
In conclusion, we can logically deduce that both of them are correct.
Read more on heat flow here: https://brainly.com/question/16055406
#SPJ1
Which of the following is iterative? *
Science
Engineering
Criteria
Infrastructure
Answers
mission radioisotope thermoelectric generator converts the heat generated by the natural decay of its nuclear fuel into _______ watts of electricity
Answers
A mission radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG) converts the heat generated by the natural decay of its nuclear fuel into electrical power.
Specifically, it uses the Seebeck effect to generate electricity. The Seebeck effect is a phenomenon where a temperature difference between two dissimilar materials causes a flow of electrons, thus creating an electric current. The RTG uses a radioactive isotope, typically plutonium-238, as its fuel source. The decay of the isotope produces a steady source of heat, which is then transferred to thermocouples made of different materials, such as bismuth and antimony, that generate an electrical current.
The amount of power generated by an RTG depends on several factors, including the size and quality of the thermocouples, the efficiency of the heat transfer system, and the rate of decay of the radioactive isotope. Typically, RTGs used in space missions produce several hundred watts of electricity, although some larger systems can generate several kilowatts. The electrical power generated by an RTG is used to power the instruments and systems on spacecraft and other remote applications that require long-lasting and reliable power sources. Despite their high cost and potential environmental risks, RTGs remain a critical technology for space exploration and other applications where solar power is not a viable option.
Learn more about mission radioisotope here:-
https://brainly.com/question/31117849
#SPJ11
Climate change isn't just about temperature! The amount of rain and snow (precipitation) in certain regions of the U.S. is also changing. In some areas, the amount of precipitation has decreased. Scientist predict that these dry areas will get even drier in the future.
If the warmer areas on the map also become drier, what will happen to wildfire risk?
Drier conditions will likely result in fewer wildfires
Drier conditions will likely result in more wildfires
No difference
Answers
If I had to guess, I'd say the answer is
Drier conditions will likely result in more wildfires
Studies show that warmer and drier areas will double in wildfires by 2050.
An aircraft engine operates on a simple ideal Brayton Cycle with a pressure ratio of 10. Heat is added to the cycle at a rate of 500 kW; air passes through the engine at a rate of 1 kg/s; and the air at the beginning of the compression is at 70 kPa and 0oC. Determine the power produced by this engine and its thermal efficiency. Use constant specific heats at room temperature.
Answers
Answer: look at the screenshot
The power and thermal efficiency of this engine is equal to 241 Kilowatts and 48.2% respectively.
How to calculate the power and thermal efficiency?
First of all, we would determine the thermal efficiency of this engine by applying the following formula:
\(\eta= 1-\frac{1}{r_p^{k-1/k}} \\\\\eta= 1-\frac{1}{10^{1.4-1/1.4}} \\\\\eta= 1-\frac{1}{10^{0.4/1.4}}\\\\\eta= 1-\frac{1}{10^{0.4/1.4}}\\\\\eta= 1-\frac{1}{10^{0.2857}}\\\\\eta = 0.482\)
Thermal efficiency = 48.2%.
Now, we can determine net power output as follows:
\(W_{out}=nq_{in}\\\\W_{out}= 0.482 \times 500\\\\W_{out}=241\;kW.\)
Power = 241 Kilowatts.
Read more on thermal efficiency here: https://brainly.com/question/13577244
#SPJ2
If the standpipe system has an automatic water supply or is part of a combined system, a _______ should go to the exterior of the building and provide a means to safely remove the system water so it will not be a hazard
Answers
When the standpipe system has an automatic water supply or is part of a combined system, a main drain should go to the exterior of the building.
What is Standpipe systems?This is known to be a system that is made of piping and hose linkage tht is often installed in all of a building to give reliable water for use.
Note that in the above scenario, When the standpipe system has an automatic water supply or is part of a combined system, a main drain should go to the exterior of the building.
Learn more about water supply from
https://brainly.com/question/19570750
#SPJ1
Match the following terms and their definitions. Some terms will not be used.
Radio Frequency Identification Hybrid ERP
Robotics
Mass Customization
Core ERP Components
Disruptive Technology
Viral Marketing
Business to Business
Customer Analytics
Keyword
The traditional components included in most ERP systems (like accounting and finance, production and materials management and human resources) that primarily focus on internal operations .Splits the ERP functions between on-premises ERP system and one or more functions handled as Software as a Service (SaaS) in the cloud
Uses electronic tags and labels (and a reader and a computer network) to identify objects wirelessly over short distances and will likely replace the bar code
Applies to businesses buying from and selling to each other over the internet; examples include medical billing services, software sales and licensing
A new way of doing things that initially does not meet the needs of existing consumers and tends to open new markets and destroy old ones
A word used in a performing a search
A marketing phenomenon that facilitates and encourages people to pass along a marketing message
Answers
The traditional components included in most ERP systems (like accounting and finance, production and materials management and human resources) that primarily focus on internal operations.
Radio Frequency Identification is the term that uses electronic tags and labels (and a reader and a computer network) to identify objects wirelessly over short distances and will likely replace the bar code. Hybrid ERP is the term that splits the ERP functions between on-premises ERP system and one or more functions handled as Software as a Service (SaaS) in the cloud.
The traditional components included in most ERP systems (like accounting and finance, production and materials management and human resources) that primarily focus on internal operations are referred to as Core ERP Components.Business to Business applies to businesses buying from and selling to each other over the internet; examples include medical billing services, software sales and licensing.
Disruptive Technology is a new way of doing things that initially does not meet the needs of existing consumers and tends to open new markets and destroy old ones.Viral Marketing is a marketing phenomenon that facilitates and encourages people to pass along a marketing message.
A Keyword is a word used in performing a search.ERP system: An ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) system is a type of software that is designed to manage and integrate a company's key business operations such as accounting, human resources, inventory management, and purchasing. Hybrid ERP: Splits the ERP functions between on-premises ERP system and one or more functions handled as Software as a Service (SaaS) in the cloud.
Hybrid ERP: Splits the ERP functions between on-premises ERP system and one or more functions handled as Software as a Service (SaaS) in the cloud. Radio Frequency Identification: Uses electronic tags and labels (and a reader and a computer network) to identify objects wirelessly over short distances and will likely replace the bar code.
Business to Business: Applies to businesses buying from and selling to each other over the internet; examples include medical billing services, software sales and licensing.
Disruptive Technology: A new way of doing things that initially does not meet the needs of existing consumers and tends to open new markets and destroy old ones. Viral Marketing: A marketing phenomenon that facilitates and encourages people to pass along a marketing message. Keyword: A word used in performing a search.
To know more about ERP systems visit :
https://brainly.com/question/32874070
#SPJ11
discuss in detail several effective local security practices to harden your linux distribution.
Answers
There are several effective local security practices that can be implemented to harden a Linux distribution. Here are some of them:Keep the system up to date: Regularly update the system with the latest security patches and updates.
This helps to fix any known vulnerabilities and ensure that the system is secure.Use a strong password: Use a strong and unique password for all user accounts. Avoid using easily guessable passwords such as "password123" or "qwerty". Instead, use a combination of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters.Disable root login: Disable the root login and instead use a non-root user with sudo privileges for system administration tasks. This helps to limit the damage that can be caused by a potential security breach.Enable a firewall: Enable a firewall to restrict incoming and outgoing network traffic. This can help to prevent unauthorized access to the system.Use encryption: Use encryption to protect sensitive data such as passwords, credit card information, and personal data. This can be achieved by using tools such as LUKS (Linux Unified Key Setup) or dm-crypt.Disable unnecessary services: Disable any unnecessary services and daemons running on the system. This reduces the attack surface and helps to prevent potential security breaches.
To learn more about update click the link below:
brainly.com/question/29995375
#SPJ11
Compute the minimum length of vertical curve that will provide 220 m stopping sight distance for a design speed of 110 km/h at the intersection of a -3.50% grade and a +2.70% grade.
Answers
i have made notes and saved it as a pdf u can take it to answer question and make ur concept good
The minimum length of vertical curve that will provide 220 m stopping sight distance is; 458.8 m
We are given;
Stopping sight distance; S = 220 m
Design Speed; V = 110 km/h
Intersection grade 1; G1 = +2.7
Intersection Grade 2; G2 = -3.5
From the AASHTO Table attached, we can trace the value of the radius of vertical curvature for the given stopping sight distance and design speed.From the table, at S = 220 m and V = 110 km/h, we can see that;
Radius of vertical curvature; K = 74
Now, the difference in grade given is;A = G1 - G2
A = 2.7 - (-3.5)
A = 2.7 + 3.5
A = 6.2
Formula for the minimum length of vertical curve is;L = KA
Thus;
L = 74 × 6.2
L = 458.8 m
Read more about stopping sight distance at; https://brainly.com/question/2087168
12) The lowest-cost form of transporting goods very long distances by...A) TruckB) TrainC) BoatD) Airplane
Answers
The lowest-cost form of transporting goods very long distances by: B: Train
What is the best mode of transportation?There are different modes of transportation such as:
Road Transportation
Maritime Transportation
Air transportation
Rail Transportation
Pipeline transportation
Now, among the listed modes of transportation above, the slowest is usually rail when transporting goods over long distances.
This is because In modern practice, rail is used more exclusively for the largest and heaviest payloads (bulk cargo) traveling across land. The vast majority of railway infrastructure connects highly populated areas with large unpopulated strips of land between them making rail ideal for long-distance and cross country hauls.
Read more about Mode of Transportation at: https://brainly.com/question/25935364
#SPJ1
Water is pumped from a lake to a storage tank 18 m above at a rate of 70 L/s while consuming 20.4 kW of electric power. Disregard any frictional losses in the pipes and any changes in kinetic energy, determine (a) the overall efficiency of the pump-motor unit (5-point), and (b) the pressure difference between the inlet and the exit of the pump (5-point).
Answers
Part A
For each method,a function to model the expected number of plants for each year
Part B
Use the Functions to Find the expected number of plants in 10 years for each method.
Part C
7. The ____ is a device that connects a stationary object to a fall restraint vest.
A. restraint
B. tie-off
C. lanyard
D. sling
Answers
The lanyard is a device that connects a stationary object to a fall restraint vest. The correct option is C. lanyard
How to explain the informationThe answer is C. lanyard. A lanyard is a short length of rope or chain with a snap hook on one end that is used to connect a fall restraint vest to a stationary object. The other end of the lanyard is attached to the vest.
The other options are incorrect. A restraint is a device that prevents someone from moving freely. A tie-off is a secure attachment point for a lanyard. A sling is a piece of fabric that is used to support a load.
The correct option is C
Learn more about device
https://brainly.com/question/28498043
#SPJ2
Which step in the reverse-engineering process involves the identification of subsystems and their relationship to one another?
Answers
The answer is analyze
What Modern-Day Railroad Runs From Chicago to Seattle?
Answers
Answer:
The empire builder
Explanation:
Plz help quick plz :)))
Dan is a Civil Engineer for a company that builds nuclear power plants throughout the world. Which best describes the places he works and what he does there?
A. at an office analyzing blueprints, and at public meeting where safety regulations are explained
B. at an office creating computer models for power plants, and at sites where the plants are constructed
C. in a laboratory, where he designs power plants, and in a factory where the plants are manufactured
D. in a warehouse, where he orders parts, and at sites where the parts are installed in the power plants.
Answers
C. in a laboratory, where he designs power plants, and in a factory where the plants are manufactured
The declaration that best delineates the places Dan works and what his function there is as follows:
In a laboratory, where he specifically designs power plants, and in a factory where the plants are manufactured.Thus, the most valid option for this question is C.
What are the roles of civil engineers?The roles of civil engineers are determined by the fact that they plan, design and oversee the construction and maintenance of building structures. It is a type of professional that involves designing and building complicated structures and extensive facilities such as multi-story car parks, train stations, stadiums, hospitals, and airports.
Dan is a person who is Civil Engineer for a company that typically manufactures nuclear power plants throughout the world. The statement definitely illustrates the working profession of Dan. Therefore, according to the information, the most valid option for this question is found to be C.
To learn more about Civil engineers, refer to the link:
https://brainly.com/question/25840283
#SPJ6
An electric train is moving north at 100 mph and a wind is blowing to the west at 10 mph. Which way does the smoke blow?
Answers
there is no smoke its a electric train
_____ are used in standardized tests, including the SAT and GMAT tests, and to record votes in elections.
a. Optical character recognition (OCR) systems
b. Speech recognition devices
c. Optical mark recognition (OMR) systems
d. Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR) devices
Answers
Answer:
О c. OMR Optical Mark recognition.
Explanation:
OMR are used in standarized tests, including the SAT and GMAT tests, and to record votes in elections.
...
Identify how slip affects the strength of a metal
Answers
My answer says there is a link but not,there isn’t so here a photo of my answer.
What is defining feature of the meta verse?
Answers
The defining feature of the Metaverse is that it is Virtual. This is its a most distinctive feature. See further details below.
What more do we know about the Metaverse?The Metaverse does not compete with the internet; rather, it expands upon it.
Users navigate a virtual environment that duplicates features of the actual world utilizing technologies such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality, artificial intelligence (AI), social media, and digital money in the metaverse.
Metaverse features include digital avatars, remote working, developing decentralization, hardware, encryption, and many more.
Similarly, virtual places like Zoom only allow for a single conversation. Participants at physical events can transition seamlessly from one talk to the next. Some colleges are utilizing metaverse technology to bypass internet and video meeting tool constraints.
Learn more about the Metaverse:
https://brainly.com/question/5513926
#SPJ1
(T or F) There are two basic types of impressions- patent and latent
Answers
The statement "there are two basic types of impressions- patent and latent" is TRUE.
What are patent and latent impressions?Patent impressions are impressions that are easily visible and visible to the nakd eye. A tire track, a shoe print in the sand, or a fingerprint on a piece of glass are examples of patent impressions.
In general, such impressions are produced by contact between a moving object and a soft or pliable surface. Latent impressions, on the other hand, are impressions that are not noticeable to the nakd eye. They're also known as concealed impressions. Fingerprints on a glass surface, for example, may be revealed through latent prints.
Learn more about impressions at
https://brainly.com/question/542275
#SPJ11
51.
What is a subpanel?
Answers
Answer:
im pretty sure its answer D
Explanation:
Argue why electrode therapy is NOT the most effective treatment for brain disorders, and recommend an alternative treatment.
Answers
Answer:
Due to risk of damaging of brain.
Explanation:
The electrode therapy is not the most effective treatment for brain disorders because there are various other treatments which can treat the brain disorder without causing damage to the brain. electrode therapy greatly damaged the brain instead of treatment of brain disorder. Medication is the best way to treat brain disorder so that's why electrode therapy is not considered as the most effective treatment for brain disorders, and the doctors recommend an alternative treatment.
What is the output? for num in range(3): print (num + 5)
Answers
Answer: 5 6 7
Explanation:
you can run this in python and get this result
The output for the given program is: 5 6 7
What is Python Programming Language?This refers to the high-level language that was created and is used for data structures due to its OOP (object-oriented programming).
Hence, this python code asks for an array of numbers in the range of 3 and when that is found, it should make a display of the number and increment it.
Read more about python programming here:
https://brainly.com/question/26497128
#SPJ2
Shhh: The letters of BLITZED CHEERS can be rearranged to make what two units of measurement that, IN ORDER, best complete the blanks in this sentence: "The frequency of sound is expressed in cycles per second, more commonly referred to as ___, while the amplitude of sound is expressed in ___."?
Answers
Note that the letters of BLITZED CHEERS can be rearranged to make what two units of measurement as HERTZ and DECIBELS in that order.
What is the explanation for the above response?Note that Hertz (Hz) is the unit of measurement for frequency and represents the number of cycles that is completed by a sound wave.
Also, Decibles (dB) is the smallest unit of measurement that is used to measure amplitude. It is the strenght or intensity of a sound wave.
Thus, it is correct to stat that he letters of BLITZED CHEERS can be rearranged to make what two units of measurement as HERTZ and DECIBELS in that order.
Learn more about Decibels at:
https://brainly.com/question/26848451
#SPJ1
If you make a mistake in polarity when measuring the value of DC voltage in a circuit with a digital VOM, what will happen? A. The meter will be damaged. B. The meter will read positive voltage only. C. The meter will display a negative sign. D. The meter will display OL which states an overload condition.
Answers
Answer:
C. The meter will display a negative sign.
Explanation:
If you use an analog voltmeter and you measure voltage with reverse polarity you will damage it. But in this case we are using a digital multimeter. This kind of multimeter is designed to be able to deal with positive and negative voltages